CN1926407A - Ultrasonic flowmeter and ultrasonic flow rate measurement method - Google Patents
Ultrasonic flowmeter and ultrasonic flow rate measurement method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A flowmeter includes: a propagation time difference method unit having a sensor and a reception signal amplification control unit and a flow rate calculation unit which are connected to the sensor via a sensor selector switch; a pulse Doppler method unit having a reception signal amplification control unit and an integration calculation unit which are connected to the sensor; a transmission/reception timing control unit common to them; a measurement method selection control unit for controlling switching between the propagation time difference method unit and the pulse Doppler method unit and parallel operation; and a measurement value output selector switch for selecting the output of the propagation time difference method unit and the pulse Doppler method unit. That is, the single flowmeter can perform flow rate measurement by the propagation time difference method having no restriction on the measurement range as well as the pulse Doppler method having an upper limit of the measurement range but enabling a highly accurate measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ultrasonic flow meter, be used for the flow of measuring fluid as the fluid of the object of measuring by emitting ultrasonic acoustic waves into, and more particularly, relate to ultrasonic flow meter and ultrasonic flow measuring method, can be applicable to the flow measurement of various fluids etc. effectively.
Background technology
Being used for being transmitted into outside pipeline the fluid that pipeline flows and by measure hyperacoustic variation of propagating in fluid at installation and measuring device on the pipeline outer wall, with ultrasound wave comes the type of clamping down on (clamp-on type) ultrasonic flow meter of the flow of measuring channel inside to have many advantages, do not require specific installment work such as existing pipeline, and be subjected to the corrosive minimum influence of fluid temperature (F.T.) or pressure or its.
There is as is used for the known technology of the flow-measuring method of this flowmeter, such as pulse Doppler method and transmission time method.
Carry out flow measurement by pulse Doppler method and have at least one detecting device, this detecting device has integrated transmitter-receiver, ultrasonic pulse is transmitted in the fluid as measuring object, and receive by foreign matter, such as the ultrasonic echo of sneaking into the bubble reflection in the fluid, shown in Figure 1A.
This is the application of the principle of the frequency shift (FS) of echo and the proportional amount of flow velocity.Because echo is near the fluid section fast return the detecting device, and time of return uses the velocity flow profile Vx of this phenomenon acquisition along the horizontal line position, then with apart from being delayed, the integration of the distribution on the whole cross section of pipeline (A) obtains flow, with (1) expression.
[expression formula 1]
Q＝∫Vx·dA …(1)
This method energy high precision and high-speed response, and have good anti-bubble quality.Yet this method faces not that energy measurement has small amount of impurities and the limited technical matters of measurable velocity range.
[expression formula 2]
Wherein, C
fBe the velocity of sound of fluid, D is an internal diameter of the pipeline, and f
0It is hyperacoustic transmission frequency.
This is because pulse Doppler method is passed through with repetition frequency f
PrfSampling Doppler shift f
dCalculate f
d, shown in Figure 1B and 1C, therefore,, need according to sampling thheorem:
[expression formula 3]
V
prf≥2·f
d …(3)
Simultaneously,, return up to the tube wall of echo, need from the pipeline opposite side because can not carry out follow-up measurement in order to measure along the velocity flow profile on the whole area of slotted line pipeline:
[expression formula 4]
V
prf≤C
f/(2·D) …(4)
In addition, the speed when the fluid of measuring is V
fThe time, represent Doppler shift f by following formula
d:
[expression formula 5]
f
d＝2·V
f·sinθ
f·f
0/C
f …(5)
The combination of expression formula (3) to (5) produces expression formula (2), makes to exist the upper limit of measurable flow speed apparent.
Another problem of relevant pulse Doppler method is impossible detect near the fact of the flow velocity of detecting device side pipe wall.That is, if use the detecting device with integrated emittor/receiver at least, then the flow measurement carried out of pulse Doppler method can measurement flow rate distribute, but near detecting device side pipe wall, the velocity survey precision reduces.As the countermeasure of this problem, patent documentation 2 discloses a kind of tube wall normal detection flow velocity partly that has the tube wall part offside of detecting device by deduction, obtains the method for fluid flow.Patent documentation 3 discloses and has a kind ofly produced two distributions that separate by at the center of fluid cross-section the velocity distribution of measuring being divided into two, and have one of distribution than the division of minor swing by folding, and obtain the method for the flow velocity of whole fluid cross-section.
Yet these methods suppose that all fluid stream is projection and symmetric(al) flow, and cause for the asymmetric stream such as the stream of bending or meet, and the flow measurement precision reduces.Suppose that stream only has axial component,, then cause taking place the flow measurement precision and reduce if radial component in stream, occurs in bending or meet.
On the other hand, the transmission time method is to adopt the method for the pair of detectors of integrated emittor/receiver, shown in Fig. 2 A, and the ultrasonic transmission time T 1 (referring to Fig. 2 B) and the ultrasonic transmission time T 2 (referring to Fig. 2 C) that relatively are from upstream to the downstream from swimming over to upstream side down, and, obtain mean flow rate V and flow Q according to following expression formula (6) and (7).
[expression formula 6]
[expression formula 7]
Wherein, Δ T=T2-T1; D: pipe diameter; θ
f: ultrasound wave enters the incident angle of fluid; T
0: the travel-time in the hydrostatic (=(T1+T2)/2); τ: the travel-time in tube wall and the wedge; K: the conversion coefficient that is used for mean flow rate.
Although this method is compared with above-mentioned pulse Doppler method, has problem, such as low precision, slow-response with because the vulnerability of bubble or impurity, but it has following advantage, the ability that does not have the fluid of bubble or impurity such as measurement, and opposite with pulse Doppler method, there is not the limitation of measurable range.
Described so far, because the classic method of using the single-measurement instrument that utilizes pulse Doppler method or transmission time method to measure flow faces the technical matters that reduces measuring accuracy, or according to as the speed of the fluid of measuring object or energy measurement such as the condition that comprises bubble and not, pulse Doppler method and transmission time method all have merits and demerits.
[patent documentation 1] open Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No No.2004-12205
[patent documentation 2] open Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No No.10-281832
[patent documentation 3] open Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No No.2004-12204
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is, a kind of ultrasonic flow meter and ultrasonic flow measuring method are provided, can improve measuring accuracy and measurable range, and be not subjected to the state of fluid, such as the influence of flow velocity and bubbles volume.
Another object of the present invention is to realize that cost of products reduces and simplify the detecting device that installation is used for ultrasonic flow meter.
Another object of the present invention is, by eliminating the intrinsic technical matters of pulse Doppler method under the situation of single detector, improves the measuring accuracy of flow, and suppressing cost simultaneously increases.
In addition, another object of the present invention is, a kind of flow-measuring method and device are provided, can pass through according to condition, such as velocity flow profile or as the bubbles volume of the fluid of measuring object, and two measuring methods, promptly switch between pulse Doppler method and the transmission time method, measuring flow by high precision on the speed on a large scale.
A first aspect of the present invention is, a kind of ultrasonic flow meter is provided, and it comprises a plurality of flow measurements unit, is used for by using ultrasound wave, the flow of fluid in the measuring channel with different measuring principle mutually.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of ultrasonic flow meter, comprising: a plurality of flow measurements unit, be used to use ultrasound wave, and come the flow of fluid in the measuring channel by mutual different measuring principle; And sensor unit, be used for carrying out the mutual conversion between acoustical signal and the electric signal by being installed on the pipeline and shared between a plurality of flow measurements unit.
A third aspect of the present invention provides a kind of ultrasonic flow meter, comprising: the first flow measuring unit is used for by using the transmission time method to detect the flow of pipeline fluid; The second flow measurement unit is used for by using pulse Doppler method to detect the flow of pipeline fluid; A plurality of first and second sensor units are installed on the pipeline that the fluid as measuring object flows through therein, and each sensor unit is carried out the mutual conversion between acoustical signal and the electric signal; And the sensor converting unit, be used to make the described sensor unit of the first and second flow measurement units shareds.
A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a kind of ultrasonic flow measuring method, be used for by using ultrasound wave to come the flow of measuring channel inner fluid, measure flow by a plurality of flow measurements unit, a plurality of flow measurements unit uses different measuring principles, shared a plurality of sensor units respectively, the mutual conversion between acoustical signal and the electric signal is installed on the pipeline, is carried out to each sensor unit, and the connection that changes sensor unit for each flow measurement unit.
A plurality of flow measurements unit for example can be configured to comprise the first flow measuring unit and the second flow measurement unit, the first flow measuring unit is used for detecting by use transmission time method the flow of pipeline inner fluid, and the second flow measurement unit is used for by using pulse Doppler method to detect the flow of pipeline inner fluid.
Can have the detecting device converting unit, it allows at least one detecting device operation, so that make pulse Doppler method use at least one in the pair of detectors of using in the transmission time method that needs two detecting devices.
Can be configured to the opposite side that pair of detectors is placed in the crossing pipeline axle, and be on the fluid flow direction position of displacement mutually, maybe can be configured to the same side that pair of detectors is placed in pipeline, and be in the position that is separated from each other on the direction of flow direction.
As above, ultrasonic flow meter according to the present invention comprises the first flow measuring unit and the second flow measurement unit with different measuring principle, use them independently of each other or use them simultaneously, thereby by replenishing the shortcoming of other method mutually, make and to measure the flow of fluid and to have high precision at wide region, and not as the various states of the fluid of measuring object, such as speed and influence of air bubbles.
By the shared detecting device of a plurality of measuring methods make the quantity can reduce detecting device with and production and installation cost, therefore allow with low-cost, on the wide region and measure the flow of fluid on the high precision.
Pair of detectors is common to the measurement of pulse Doppler method and combines with the measurement result of using two detecting devices, making can be under the situation of using single detector, by preventing measuring accuracy reduction near the installation side tube wall, improve the measuring accuracy of flow, suppressing cost simultaneously increases.
In addition, a fifth aspect of the present invention provides a kind of ultrasonic flow meter, and it can come to measure concurrently simultaneously flow by pulse Doppler method and transmission time method.This flowmeter comprises: at least one pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor is used for measuring flow by the transmission time method; Hardware cell (for example, comprises emission ﹠amp; Time of reception control module and pulse producer), be used for providing by pulse Doppler method and measure flow and be used for measuring the required pulse signal of flow by the transmission time method at least one pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor; Testing circuit is used for the received signal that obtains by from any sensor that comprises a pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor, detects Doppler shift; Change-over circuit, be used to amplify and first received signal that mould/number conversion obtains by the ultrasonic pulse transmission that is from upstream to the downstream, and second received signal by obtaining from the ultrasonic pulse transmission of swimming over to the upstream down, all obtain described first and second received signals by a pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor; And control module, be used for coming calculated flow rate, and come calculated flow rate by the output of change-over circuit by the transmission time method by the Doppler shift that pulse Doppler method detects.
The 4th embodiment described later is configured to further comprise second electricity/ultrasonic sensor, only be used for measuring flow by pulse Doppler method, wherein, hardware cell provides the transponder pulse signal to a pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor and second electricity/ultrasonic sensor, and testing circuit detects Doppler shift by the received signal that obtains from second electricity/ultrasonic sensor.
The 4th embodiment described later is configured to described at least one pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor only for a pair of, and ultrasonic flow meter further comprises switch element, be inserted in the input of the pulse signal output of the hardware cell that is used for Doppler's method and converting unit and only between the sensor of a pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor, be used for only in the connecting circuit measuring period of pulse Doppler method, wherein, testing circuit detects Doppler shift by being from the received signal of the echo of the ultrasonic pulse of sensor output.
Can be configured to control module and hardware cell according to external command or signal, cooperation changes the flow measurement pattern, i.e. pulse Doppler method, transmission time method and use this two kinds of methods simultaneously.
In addition, a fifth aspect of the present invention provides a kind of ultrasonic flow meter, and it can carry out flow measurement by switching between pulse Doppler method and transmission time method.This ultrasonic flow meter comprises: measure at least one pair of required electricity/ultrasonic sensor of flow by the transmission time method; The pulse generation unit that comprises single output terminal, be used for providing by the transmission time method to a pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor and measure the required pulse signal of flow, and generate and measure the required pulse signal of flow by pulse Doppler method to the output of one of a pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor from described end; Testing circuit is used for comprising by use an any sensor of a pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor, detects by pulse Doppler method and comes the required Doppler shift of calculated flow rate; Converting unit (i.e. promptly ﹠amp; Receive timing control unit), be used for the above-mentioned resource by present embodiment, amplification and mould/number conversion are transmitted first received signal that obtains and second received signal that obtains from the ultrasonic pulse transmission of swimming over to the upstream down by the ultrasonic pulse that is from upstream to the downstream; And control module, be used for coming calculated flow rate by pulse Doppler method, and, come calculated flow rate by the transmission time method by the result of mould/number conversion by the Doppler shift that detects.
In the 6th embodiment described later, testing circuit is configured to comprise the amplifier that is in its prime and at a pair of A/D converter of the imaginary part of the real part of fraction other places, back reason data and data, converting unit comprises a pair of single-pole double throw switch unit, just in time be inserted in before a pair of A/D converter, be used for only in the connecting circuit measuring period of pulse Doppler method, simultaneously the output of amplifier is connected to an input of a pair of mould/number sensor, and further comprise the second switch unit, its common terminal is connected to the output terminal of pulse generation unit and the input end of testing circuit, and its a pair of contact is connected to a pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor, wherein, switching between the first pair of switch element of converting unit control and the second single-pole double throw switch unit, so that in the measuring period of pulse Doppler method, the output of amplifier is connected to one of sensor, and, in the measuring period of transmission time method, be transformed into the second switch unit according to its Measurement Algorithm.
In the 7th embodiment described later, it is many to sensor being configured at least one pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor, the second switch unit is a single-pole switch, comprise the twice that is connected to many a plurality of contacts to sensor one by one, and converting unit is right with distributing to many each in the sensor measuring period of the measuring period of pulse Doppler method and transmission time method, for each to conversion second switch unit, make in the measuring period of pulse Doppler method, the input of amplifier be connected to applicable sensor to one of, and according to its Measurement Algorithm, in the measuring period of transmission time method, it is right that amplifier is connected to applicable sensor.
Configuration can be control module and converting unit according to external command or signal, cooperation changes the flow measurement pattern, i.e. pulse Doppler method, transmission time method and use this two kinds of methods simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Figure 1A describes by using hyperacoustic pulse Doppler method to carry out the concept map of the principle of flow measurement;
Figure 1B describes by using hyperacoustic pulse Doppler method to carry out the concept map of the principle of flow measurement;
Fig. 1 C describes by using hyperacoustic pulse Doppler method to carry out the concept map of the principle of flow measurement;
Fig. 2 A describes by using hyperacoustic transmission time method to carry out the concept map of the principle of flow measurement;
Fig. 2 B describes by using hyperacoustic transmission time method to carry out the concept map of the principle of flow measurement;
Fig. 2 C describes by using hyperacoustic transmission time method to carry out the concept map of the principle of flow measurement;
Fig. 3 illustrates the concept map that comprises according to the ultrasonic flow meter of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 illustrates to comprise the concept map of ultrasonic flow meter according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the concept map that illustrates the operation of ultrasonic flow meter shown in Figure 4;
Fig. 6 illustrates to comprise the block diagram of ultrasonic flow meter according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the concept map that illustrates the operation of ultrasonic flow meter shown in Figure 6;
Fig. 8 is the concept map of the operation of ultrasonic flow meter for example shown in Figure 6;
Fig. 9 illustrates the The general frame that comprises according to the ultrasonic flow meter of fourth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 is the process flow diagram that illustrates the flow measurement operation of the transmission time method of being carried out by transmission pulse generator 122, sensor 111u and 111d and received signal processing unit 140;
Figure 11 is that expression comprises the The general frame according to the ultrasonic flow meter of fifth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 12 represents according to a fifth embodiment of the invention, in the process of the measuring operation of carrying out by two methods, and the state of switch and signal timing;
Figure 13 is that expression comprises the The general frame according to the ultrasonic flow meter of sixth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 14 is described in the operation according to the ultrasonic flow meter of sixth embodiment of the invention, the state of switch SW 1, SW3 and SW4;
Figure 15 A is that expression comprises the The general frame according to the ultrasonic flow meter of seventh embodiment of the invention;
Figure 15 B illustrates the general section view that is used for according to the sensing station of the ultrasonic flow meter of seventh embodiment of the invention;
Figure 15 C illustrates the general section view that is used for according to the sensing station of the ultrasonic flow meter of seventh embodiment of the invention; And
Figure 16 be described in according to the sensor of seventh embodiment of the invention to one of (for example T=111,112 or 113) go up in the operation of ultrasonic flow meter 104 of operation the state of switch SW 1a, SW3 and SW4.
Embodiment
Hereinafter be with reference to the accompanying drawings the time, the detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.Attention is represented by identical parts mark these common parts of each figure and embodiment, and in the following description, will be omitted repeat specification.
[first embodiment]
Fig. 3 illustrates according to the embodiment of the invention, comprises the concept map of the ultrasonic flow meter that is used to carry out ultrasonic flow measuring method.
The ultrasonic flow meter according to present embodiment that is installed on the pipeline 50 that flows therein as the fluid 51 of measuring object comprises a plurality of detecting devices 41,42 and 43 (being sensor unit), it comprises piezoelectric element etc., and each detecting device serves as ultrasonic emitting Ji ﹠amp; Receiver.Promptly, detecting device 41,42 and 43 each comprise piezoelectric element 40a, be used to carry out acoustical signal, such as the mutual conversion between supersonic oscillations and the electric signal, and wedge 40b, between wedge 40b and pipeline 50 outside wall surface, the supersonic oscillations that are used for piezoelectric element 40a is generated send to pipeline 50 with predetermined incident angle, so that it is the supersonic oscillations of pipeline 50 sides are sent to piezoelectric element 40a, for example shown in Figure 7.
Detecting device is positioned on the opposite side of axle of pipeline 50 41 and 42, and is in the position of upstream and downstream displacement of the flow direction of fluid 51, and the mutual alignment is in from the travel path of ultrasonic waves transmitted each other.For convenience, the installation method of this detecting device is referred to as " Z method ".
Installation and measuring device 43 makes when when the installation site of detecting device 43 is seen, is in the direction in oblique downstream by its ultrasonic emitting path of pipeline 50 central shafts.
Detecting device is connected to applicable detecting device switch 15 to 41 and 42, and is connected to received signal amplification control module 11, A/D converter 12, travel-time computing unit 13, flow rate calculation unit 14 and comprises transponder pulse generation unit 31 and emission ﹠amp by detecting device switch 15; The travel-time method unit 10 of time of reception control module 32 (being the first flow measuring unit).
Transmission time method unit 10:(1) by detecting device switch 15, transponder pulse power is applied to a detecting device 41 generates supersonic oscillations, described transponder pulse power with from emission ﹠amp; The transmitter trigger signal 32a of time of reception control module 32 outputs is synchronously from 31 outputs of transponder pulse generation unit; The back is transformed into detecting device 42 sides followed by (2) with detecting device switch 15, receives the ultrasound wave get there, converts thereof into electric signal, is input to received signal and amplifies in the control module 11 and amplify, and has also followed A/D converter 12, and from emission; The A/D sampling clock 32b of time of reception control module 32 outputs synchronously becomes numeral with the conversion of signals that receives, and is entered into travel-time computing unit 13.But, alternately carry out aforesaid operations (1) and (2) by the conversion operations that applying detection device switch 15 is changed between the side transmitting and receiving of detecting device 41 and 42.
Travel-time computing unit 13 is according to the measuring principle shown in Fig. 2 A to 2C, based on hyperacoustic propagation delay time of between detecting device 41 and 42, propagating by pipeline 50, come the flow velocity of test fluid 51, and flow rate calculation unit 14 carries out the operation by the flow velocity calculated flow rate, and by 34 outputs of measured value output change-over switch it.
Detecting device 43 is connected to received signal and amplifies control module 21, A/D converter 22, velocity flow profile and calculate unit 23, integral and calculating unit 24 and pulse Doppler method unit 20 (i.e. the second flow measurement unit), and pulse Doppler method unit 20 comprises with the shared transponder pulse generation unit 31 in transmission time method unit 10 and launches; Time of reception control module 32.
Pulse Doppler method unit 20 emits ultrasonic acoustic waves in the pipeline 50 by transponder pulse power being applied to detecting device 43, described transponder pulse power with from the emission ﹠amp; The transmitter trigger signal 32a of time of reception control module 32 output amplifies by bubble in the fluid 51 or the like reflection and by received signal and amplifies the echo that control module 21 receives synchronously from 31 outputs of transponder pulse generation unit, and by with from emission ﹠amp; The A/D sampling clock 32c of time of reception control module 32 outputs synchronously converts thereof into digital signal by A/D converter 22, being input to velocity flow profile calculates in the unit 23, simultaneously, velocity flow profile is calculated unit 23 bases by the illustrational principle of Figure 1A to 1C, carry out the operation of calculating the velocity flow profile in the pipeline 50, convert thereof into flow by integral and calculating unit 24, and it is outputed to measured value output change-over switch 34.
At the output terminal alignment measurement value output change-over switch 34 of transmission time method unit 10 and pulse Doppler method unit 20,, export the output of transmission time method unit 10 and pulse Doppler method unit 20 selectively by this switch.
Control is as measured value output change-over switch 34, and common land is assembled to the transponder pulse generation unit 31 and the emission ﹠amp of transmission time method unit 10 and pulse Doppler method unit 20; Time of reception control module 32, so that by selecting signal 33a and measurement method selection signal 33b from the output of measuring method TCU transfer control unit 33 outputs, determine to carry out which operation, that is, and for above-mentioned transmission time method unit 10 or pulse Doppler method unit 20.
With respectively from transmission time method unit 10 included travel-time computing units 13 and pulse Doppler method unit 20 included velocity flow profile calculate the measurement status data 13a of unit 23 outputs and measure status data 23a and be input to measuring method TCU transfer control unit 33, then, this control module is based on above-mentioned data, judges whether to operate transmission time method unit 10, pulse Doppler method unit 20 or both.
As mentioned above, present embodiment is configured to by the measuring method TCU transfer control unit 33 of control transmission time method unit 10 and pulse Doppler method unit 20 and measured value output change-over switch 34, between transmission time method unit 10 and pulse Doppler method unit 20, change, simultaneously based on information such as measurement status data 13a and measurement status data 23a, judge the operating conditions of transmission time method unit 10 and pulse Doppler method unit 20, come the flow of measuring channel 50 inner fluids 51.Therefore, by adopting the advantage separately of transmission time method unit 10 and pulse Doppler method unit 20, can measure flow on the infinitely great measurement range He on the high precision.
For example, if during measuring by pulse Doppler method unit 20, find to exceed measurement range by measuring status data 23a, or no bubbles or impurity have hindered measurement in the fluid 51, then start transmission time method 10, simultaneously, the output of measured value output change-over switch 34 is transformed into transmission time method unit 10, thereby allows to continue to measure.
As mentioned above, measuring method TCU transfer control unit 33 is based on measuring status data 13a and measuring status data 23a, determine the state of the fluid 51 in the pipeline 50 by each measurement result, and select signal 33a to come control survey value output change-over switch 34, and control transponder pulse generation unit 31 and emission ﹠amp by measurement method selection signal 33b by output; Time of reception control module 32, be transformed into the proper method in the parallel work-flow of transmission time method unit 10 and pulse Doppler method unit 20, an only last method or an only back method make thus and realize being used for the high-acruracy survey of wide measurement range, and do not influence the state of fluid.
[second embodiment]
Fig. 4 illustrates the concept map of ultrasonic flow meter according to another embodiment of the present invention.Outline shown in Figure 4 illustrates detecting device switch 35 is placed on the prime that the included received signals of pulse Doppler method unit 20 are amplified control module 21, and with the pulse Doppler method unit 20 shared pair of detectors 41 (being the first sensor unit) in the described outline of Fig. 3 and the situation of detecting device 42 (second sensor unit).
Promptly, exemplary outline shown in Figure 4 is because by detecting device switch 35, with detecting device to being connected to pulse Doppler method unit 20, and one or two the result of common transmitted time method unit 10 employed detecting devices 41 and 42 pairs, eliminated the detecting device 43 that is exclusively used in pulse Doppler method unit 20, the quantity that can make detecting device reduces to two from three shown in Figure 3.
The detecting device that is used for the transmission time method is installed in transmission time method unit 10 two kinds of methods is arranged, promptly above-mentioned " Z method " and described after a while " V method ".
In " Z method ", at the opposite side of pipeline 50 central shafts pair of detectors 41 and 42 and towards the upstream and downstream displacement are installed, each is positioned at from another hyperacoustic path of sending of detecting device 41 and 42, as illustrated in Fig. 4.
Under the situation of installing by " Z method ", conversion operations by detecting device switch 35 comes shared pair of detectors 41 and 42, and pass through as shown in Figure 5, in conjunction with by in the velocity flow profile of each measurement of detecting device 41 and 42 from the pipeline center to the opposite side part of (being the distally of suitable detector) tube wall, obtain the velocity flow profile on the whole diameter of pipeline, even, also allow high-precision flow measurement thus for asymmetric stream.
Promptly, for pulse Doppler method unit 20 according to exemplary outline shown in Figure 4, velocity flow profile calculating portion comprises: velocity flow profile is calculated unit 23-1, is used to calculate by detecting device switch 35 being connected to the velocity flow profile (being the left-half of Fig. 5) that detecting device 41 sides detect; Velocity flow profile is calculated unit 23-2, is used to calculate by detecting device switch 35 being connected to the velocity flow profile (being the right half part of Fig. 5) that detecting device 42 sides detect; And input switch 23-3, be used for being connected origin Zi Fashe ﹠amp by conversion operations with detecting device switch 35; The selection signal 32d of time of reception control module 32 changes between velocity flow profile calculating unit 23-1 and velocity flow profile calculating unit 23-2.
This configuration is operated under the state that pulse Doppler method unit 20 is connected to suitable detector 41 by making velocity flow profile calculate unit 23-1, come the velocity flow profile 51a of half xsect in detector for measuring 41 distally, pulse Doppler method unit 20 is being connected under the situation of suitable detector 42 simultaneously, come the velocity flow profile 51b of half xsect in detector for measuring 42 distally, and in the integral and calculating unit 24 of back level by based on velocity flow profile 51c as the result's of each velocity flow profile addition of velocity flow profile being calculated unit 23-1 (being detecting device 41) and velocity flow profile calculating unit 23-2 (being detecting device 42) entire cross section, come calculated flow rate, the delivery rate measured value, as shown in Figure 5.
As mentioned above, present embodiment shown in the Figure 4 and 5 is by detecting device switch 35, make to adopt the required detecting device of the transmission time method of 20 common transmitted time of pulse Doppler method unit method unit 10 of pulse Doppler method to 41 and 42, thereby measurement data by addition detecting device 41 and 42, compensate under the situation of using single detector, the technical matters that the velocity flow profile measuring accuracy of the close detecting device that pulse Doppler method ran into reduces realizes improving measuring accuracy thus.
Also can be undertaken by the detecting device 41 (or detecting device 42) of stating pulse Doppler method unit 20 in the use during the flow measurement, the detecting device 42 (or detecting device 41) that is free of attachment to pulse Doppler method unit 20 is connected to transmission time method unit 10, measures flow distribution concurrently and transmission time method unit 10 is handled with the measurement of pulse Doppler method unit 20.
[the 3rd embodiment]
Fig. 6 is the block diagram of the outline of illustration ultrasonic flow meter according to another embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 7 and 8 is concept maps of describing its exemplary operation.
Embodiment shown in Figure 6 is constructed such that detecting device 41 is positioned at axial downstream, pipeline 50 the same sides, and make detecting device 42 be positioned at the upstream, so that when measuring by transmission time method unit 10, according to result, form V-arrangement from the travel path of detecting device 41 and 42 ultrasonic waves transmitted by the wall reflection of the opposite side of pipeline 50 central shafts.This detector layout method is collectively referred to as " V method ".
In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, transmission time method unit 10 makes detecting device 41 send ultrasound wave and behind the wall reflection supersonic wave by opposite side, by detecting the acoustical signal of incident on another detecting device 42, the velocity flow profile of coming fluid 51 in the measuring channel 50.
Simultaneously, pulse Doppler method unit 20 by detecting device switch 35, is carried out the measuring operation of velocity flow profile by using detecting device 41 and 42 as described later.
That is, in pulse Doppler method by using a detecting device to come to suppose flow velocity V under the situation of measurement flow rate
fWith the axle parallel (on flow direction) of pipeline 50 and therefore Doppler shift be f
d∞ V
f* sin θ
fObtain flow velocity, wherein, ultrasound wave is θ with respect to the incident angle of fluid 51
f, as shown in Figure 7.
Because this is if the flow direction of fluid 51 (has flow velocity V
Fx) on the diametric(al) of pipeline 50, do not have error component V with the axially parallel of pipeline 50
Fh, then use expression formula (8) to represent the velocity distribution α of a detecting device 41, the flow speed value that causes measuring comprises error component, i.e. V
Fh* cos θ
f, as shown in Figure 8.
[expression formula 8]
α＝V
fx·sinθ
f+V
fh·cosθ
f …(8)
β＝-V
fx·sinθ
f+V
fh·cosθ
f …(9)
Therefore, if as shown in Figure 6, come installation and measuring device 41 and 42 by " V method ", then transmission time method unit 10 and pulse Doppler method unit 20 shared pair of detectors 41 and 42 are so that offset component V on the diametric(al) by getting by the difference of the velocity flow profile of each detectors measure
FhThereby, make can reference axis to velocity distribution and measure flow accurately.
Promptly, the velocity flow profile that is comprised by pulse Doppler method unit 20 is calculated unit 23-1 and velocity flow profile and is calculated the velocity flow profile β that unit 23-2 calculates the expression formula (9) of the velocity flow profile α of expression formula (8) of a detecting device 41 and another detecting device 42 respectively, as shown in Figure 8, and the difference of average two velocity flow profile, i.e. (alpha-beta)/2, make it become velocity flow profile, if have asymmetric stream or radial component in the fluid in pipeline 50 51 thus, allow accurate velocity flow profile and based on this flow measurement.
As mentioned above, allow according to this embodiment of the invention by the parallel pulse Doppler method unit 20 of pulse Doppler method and the transmission time method unit 10 of transmission time method of using, or by changing according to the state of the fluid 51 that flows in the pipeline 50, allow flow measurement, therefore, make and to improve measuring accuracy and measurable range.Simultaneously, in this case, shared detecting device 41 and 42 has reduced the quantity of required detecting device between two kinds of methods, has realized the production cost reduction of ultrasonic flow meter and the installation of simplifying detecting device thus.
Simultaneously, the correlation detector of transmission time method unit 10 that needs pulse Doppler method unit 20 shared at least one pair of detecting device of needs of at least one detecting device, and pulse Doppler method unit 20 make in conjunction with a plurality of fluid-velocity survey results by each detectors measure can be for the fluid stream that has asymmetric stream or have radial component, improve the precision of the flow measurement of pulse Doppler method, suppressing cost simultaneously increases.
Although each embodiment of foregoing description has considered to use the situation of transmission time method and pulse Doppler method, each embodiment can be widely used in the measuring ultrasonic wave flow technology of measurement flow rate and flow by using ultrasound wave.
[the 4th embodiment]
Fig. 9 is the general introduction block diagram of expression according to the outline of the ultrasonic flow meter of fourth embodiment of the invention.With reference to figure 9, ultrasonic flow meter 101 according to the present invention can be carried out flow measurement by pulse Doppler method and transmission time method simultaneously concurrently by comprising measuring system (110 add 130) that is used for pulse Doppler method and the measuring system (111 add 140) that is used for the transmission time method.
Promptly, ultrasonic flow meter 101 comprises: electricity/ultrasonic sensor (abbreviating " sensor " hereinafter as) 110, be used for sending and receive ultrasound wave, so that measure flow by pulse Doppler method by being installed to therein on the outer wall that flows as the pipeline of the fluid of measuring object; Pair of sensors 111u and 111d (hereinafter, being called " 111 " for short as one group) are installed to the relevant position of upstream and downstream side on the tube wall of pipeline, so that measure flow by the transmission time method; Emission ﹠amp; Receive timing control unit 120, be used to control exomonental timing that offers the sensor 110 and 111 and the timing of handling from the received signal of sensor; Transponder pulse maker 122 is used for according to coming self-emission; Receive the transmitter trigger signal of timing control unit 120, generate the transponder pulse that is used for sensor 110 and 112; Doppler shift detecting unit 130 is used for detecting Doppler shift from the received signal of pulse Doppler method use sensor 110; Received signal processing unit 140 is used to handle from the transmission time method and measures the signal that uses sensor 111 to receive; Switch SW is used for switch and measures relevant Fa She ﹠amp by the transmission time method; Received signal; And calculation control unit 150, be used for coming calculated flow rate, and come calculated flow rate by the real data and the dummy data that obtain from Doppler shift detecting unit 130 by the data of switching from received signal processing unit 140.Calculation control unit 150 is made up of the microcomputer that comprises CPU (CPU (central processing unit), not shown at this), and operates under the control by ROM (ROM device) program stored usually, thus control whole ultrasonic ripple flowmeter 101.Although emission ﹠amp; Time of reception control module 120 can be made of each parts, and it is easy to by using PAL (programmable logic array) or the like to realize.
Doppler shift detecting unit 130 comprises: amplifier 131 is used to amplify the signal from sensor 110; Quadrature wave detecting device 132, its input is connected to the output of amplifier 131; A pair of wave filter 133R and 133I are connected respectively to output of real part data and imaginary data output; And a pair of mould/number (A/D) converter 134R and 134I, be connected respectively to wave filter 133R and 133I.Simultaneously, received signal processing unit 140 comprises amplifier 131P and the A/D converter 134P identical with amplifier 131.
Operation according to the ultrasonic flow meter 101 of the embodiment of the invention is described simply.At first, calculation control unit 150 sends to emission ﹠amp with flow measurement enabled instruction MS; Receive timing control unit 120.In response to this, emission ﹠amp; Receiving timing control unit 120 provides to transponder pulse maker 122 and sends pulse Doppler method and measure the transponder pulse TD that uses and transmission time method and measure first transponder pulse that uses (promptly, be used to offer for example transponder pulse of upstream sensor 111u) instruction of TP1, and transponder pulse maker 122 sends and exports transponder pulse TD and TP1 immediately.This starts simultaneously by pulse Doppler method and transmission time method and carries out flow measurement.
Can comprise classic method and the flow rate calculation method that may formulate in future by any flow rate calculation method, carry out the flow rate calculation of the pulse Doppler method of carrying out by Doppler shift detecting unit 130 and calculation control unit 150 and handle.Similarly, can comprise classic method and the flow rate calculation method that may formulate in future, carry out the flow rate calculation of the transmission time method of carrying out by received signal processing unit 140 and calculation control unit 150 and handle by any flow rate calculation method.
At first, in the flow measurement of being undertaken by pulse Doppler method, when transponder pulse TD is applied to sensor 110, ultrasonic signal is transmitted into the pipeline from sensor 110, convert the echo of ultrasonic signal to electric signal by sensor 110, and receive electric signal thus as received signal RD.Received signal RD is input to Doppler shift detecting unit 130 to detect Doppler shift.Calculation control unit 150 is calculated velocity flow profile and flow based on the data that receive from Doppler shift detecting unit 130.
Figure 10 is the process flow diagram that illustrates the flow measurement operation of the transmission time method of being carried out by firing pulse generator 122, sensor 111u and 111d and received signal processing unit 140.In Figure 10, the public end of switch SW is connected to contact " a " (step 202) so that make the firing pulse generator 122 emissions first transponder pulse TP1 (step 204).This makes upstream side sensor 111u side senser 111d output ultrasonic wave pulse (step 206) towards downstream.Next step is, the public end of switch SW is connected to contact b (step 208), and make received signal processing unit 140 change received signal RP1 from sensor 111d with predetermined space sampling and A/D, so that the result is submitted to calculation control unit 150 (step 210).Finish A/D conversion back (step 212), making firing pulse generator 122 emissions make downstream sensor 111d towards second of upstream sensor 111u output ultrasonic wave pulse (step 216) TP2 (step 214) that transmits.Next step is, the public end of switch SW is connected to contact " a " (step 218) so that make received signal processing unit 140 change received signal RP2, the result is submitted to calculation control unit 150 (step 220) from sensor 111u with predetermined space sampling and A/D.Finishing A/D conversion back (step 222), judge whether to carry out above-mentioned processing pre-determined number, and repeat this processing (step 224) till reaching pre-determined number.Calculation control unit 150 is calculated flow velocity and flow based on the data that receive from received signal processing unit 140.
As mentioned above, ultrasonic flow meter 101 shown in Figure 9 is equipped the measuring system of pulse Doppler method (110 add 130) and transmission time method (111 add 140) at least, so that can carry out flow measurement simultaneously concurrently by pulse Doppler method and transmission time method.
[the 5th embodiment]
Figure 11 is the The general frame of expression according to the outline of the ultrasonic flow meter of fifth embodiment of the invention.With reference to Figure 11, identical according to the ultrasonic flow meter 102 of present embodiment with ultrasonic flow meter 101 shown in Figure 9, except increasing switch SW 1, coming place of switches SW and with launching with switch SW 2; Time of reception control module 120a replaces replace ﹠amp; Time of reception control module 120, whole pulse Doppler method that replaces being eliminated are measured the sensor 110 that uses.Therefore, describe only at different piece.Beginning, the contact a of the switch SW 2 of place of switches SW and b are connected respectively to the contact a and the b of switch SW 1 in addition.The public end of switch SW 1 is connected to the output terminal of the TD that transmits of firing pulse generator 122 and the input end of Doppler shift detecting unit 130." a " contact of switch SW 1 and SW2 is connected to upstream side sensor 111u, and the b contact of switch SW 1 and SW2 is connected to downstream sensor 111d.
Ultrasonic flow meter 102 according to present embodiment is equipped with Doppler shift detecting unit 130 and received signal processing unit 140, therefore need carry out conversion of signals by switch SW 1, so that use sensor that 111u and 111d are used for the measurement of transmission time method, and also allow to carry out flow measurement by pulse Doppler method.
Following description is the operation according to the ultrasonic flow meter 102 of fifth embodiment of the invention.At first, calculation control unit 150 sends to emission ﹠amp with flow measurement sign on MS; Receive timing control unit 120a.In response to this, emission ﹠amp; Receive timing control unit 120a and be provided for being sent in the instruction of the TD that transmits (and TP1) shared between pulse Doppler method and the transmission time method, so that firing pulse generator 122 is promptly launched and exported transponder pulse TD (and TP1) to firing pulse generator 122.The flow measurement of this while starting impulse Doppler's method and transmission time method.
Figure 12 represents according to a fifth embodiment of the invention, in the measurement procedure of carrying out concurrently simultaneously by pulse Doppler method and transmission time, and the state of switch and various signal timing.With reference to Figure 12, emission; Reception timing control unit 120a is connected to contact " a " as initial setting up (hereinafter, abbreviating " making switch SW 1 be transformed into ' a ' " as) with the public end of switch SW 1, and also makes switch SW 2 be transformed into " b ".As mentioned above, when 122 outputs of transponder pulse maker transmitted TD (and TP1), its contact from switch SW 1 " a " offered upstream sensor 111u then.So that return, and other parts are detected by downstream sensor 111d from the part of the ultrasonic pulse of sensor 111u output in reflection.
By the contact SW2b in the flow measurement that is used in the transmission time method, will offer the input end of received signal processing unit 140 from switch SW 2 by the received signal RP1 that downstream sensor 111d detects and changes.
Simultaneously, the ultrasonic pulse that turns back to sensor 111u is converted into electric signal so that become received signal RD, then, by the contact " a " of the switch SW in the flow rate calculation that is used in pulse Doppler method 1, offer the input end of Doppler shift detecting unit 130 from switch SW 1.
Then, emission ﹠amp; Receive timing control unit 120a switch SW 1 is switched to " b ", and switch SW 2 switches to " a ", then, make firing pulse generator 122 production burst Doppler methods measure the TD that transmits that uses (also have conduct and be used in the transmit effect of TP2 of second in the flow measurement of transmission time method).The contact b of TD (and TP2) by switch SW 1 that transmit is provided for downstream sensor 111d.The TD that transmits exports as ultrasonic pulse from sensor 111d, is converted to electric signal so that become received signal RP2 by upstream sensor 111u then.Received signal RP2 offers the input end of received signal processing unit 140 by the contact " a " of switch SW 2 from switch SW 2, and with above-mentioned received signal RP1, is used for the flow rate calculation of transmission time method.By the ultrasonic pulse of the bubble in the fluid or the like scattering from sensor 111d output, and the part of scattered ultrasound waves turns back to sensor 111d as echo, then, contact " b " by switch SW 1 offers Doppler shift detecting unit 130, as the echoed signal of transponder pulse TD.
Repeat above-mentioned measuring period of pre-determined number, carry out the flow measurement of pulse Doppler method and transmission time method simultaneously concurrently.
Although notice that in the top description, the measurement of pulse Doppler method repeats secondary in a measuring period, yet only one-shot measurement may be enough to.
Simultaneously, the pulse output of the firing pulse generator 122 of transmission time method use or not in the above-mentioned operation of parallel two kinds of methods simultaneously.Therefore, transmission pulse generator 122 can only have a kind of pulse of generation, carries out the function of two kinds of methods simultaneously concurrently.Then, use different specific transmission pulses between them, to switch the situation of carrying out two kinds of methods by supposition, ultrasonic flow meter shown in Figure 11 has output terminal that is used for pulse Doppler method and the output terminal that is used for the transmission time method in transmission pulse generator 122.
[the 6th embodiment]
Figure 13 is the The general frame of expression according to the outline of the ultrasonic flow meter of sixth embodiment of the invention.With reference to Figure 13, identical according to the ultrasonic flow meter 103 of present embodiment with ultrasonic flow meter 102 shown in Figure 11, except removing switch SW 2 and received signal processing unit 140, replacing emission by 120b; Receive timing control unit 120a, replace firing pulse generator 122 and replace Doppler shift detecting unit 130 by 130a by 122a.Therefore, Doppler shift detecting unit 130a is identical with Doppler shift detecting unit 130, except insertion switch SW 3 between wave filter 133R and A/D converter 134R, and inserts switch SW 4 between wave filter 133I and A/D converter 134I.
That is, present embodiment uses amplifier and the A/D converter of being made up of the Doppler shift detecting unit, is used for pulse Doppler method and transmission time method.Therefore,, carry out flow measurement, but can not carry out the measuring-signal processing of two kinds of methods simultaneously concurrently by alternately using two kinds of methods or, selecting any method such as the instruction of microcomputer by from superior system.
Notice that present embodiment alternately carries out flow measurement by pulse Doppler method and transmission time method, therefore, transmission pulse generator 122a only has the output terminal that transmits, and generation and the output Tm (wherein m equals D, P1 or P2) that transmits.
Figure 14 is described in the operation according to the ultrasonic flow meter 103 of present embodiment of the present invention, the state of switch SW 1, SW3 and SW4.At first, under situation about measuring by pulse Doppler method, all switch SW 1, SW3 and SW4 all are transformed into " a ", similarly, the circuit of being made up of sensor 111u, switch SW 1 and Doppler shift detecting unit 130a becomes identical with the circuit of being made up of sensor 110 and Doppler shift detecting unit 130, thereby allows the measurement of pulse Doppler method.At will mentioning, switch SW 3 and SW4 are transformed into " a " and switch SW 1 is transformed into " b " permission measure by pulse Doppler method by using downstream sensor 111d, is conspicuous to business entity of the present invention.
On the other hand, the measurement situation by the transmission time method only needs switch SW 3 and SW4 all are transformed into contact " b ".It is identical very clear with the circuit of being made up of switch SW 1, amplifier 131P and A/D converter 134P shown in Figure 9 that this makes that circuit of being made up of switch SW 1, amplifier 131, switch SW 4 and A/D converter 134I becomes, thus the measurement of permission transmission time method.In the measurement of transmission time method, switch SW1 is carried out the conversion and control identical with switch SW shown in Figure 10.Notice that although switch SW 3 is functional unnecessary, present embodiment has shown switch SW 3 because expectation makes quadrature wave detect and the AD conversion between sine and the signal path of cosine component equate.
[the 7th embodiment]
Figure 15 A is the The general frame of expression according to the outline of the ultrasonic flow meter of seventh embodiment of the invention.With reference to figure 15A, identical according to the ultrasonic flow meter 104 of present embodiment with ultrasonic flow meter 103 shown in Figure 13, except replace emission with 120c; Receive timing control unit 120b and come place of switches SW1 and increased sensor 112 and 113 with six contact single-pole switch SW1a.Thus, in this description only at difference.Shown in Figure 15 B and 15C, sensor is placed on the periphery of pipeline with suitable same intervals 111,112 and 113.One pole six throw switch SW1a have a public end and are connected respectively to six contacts of upstream and downstream sensor 111u, 111d, 112u, 112d, 113u and 113d.Therefore, switch SW 1a is considered as the integrated form of part switch SW 1-11, SW1-12 and SW1-13.For example, the contact that is connected to the part switch SW 1-11 of upstream sensor is represented as SW1-11u, and the contact that is connected to downstream sensor is represented as SW1-11d.In order to simplify description, any sensor (promptly 111,112 or 113) represented by T, and is represented as for example " one that is connected to upstream sensor Tu is the contact SW1-Ta of part switch SW 1-T ".
According to the ultrasonic flow meter 104 of present embodiment for sensor to 111,112 and 113 each measure by pulse Doppler method and transmission time method.
Figure 16 has described according to present embodiment, in the operation of the ultrasonic flow meter 104 that uses sensor that one of T (for example T=111,112 or 113) is operated, and the state of switch SW 1a, SW3 and SW4.Under situation about measuring by pulse Doppler method, two switch SW 3 and SW4 all are transformed into " a ", and switch SW 1-T is transformed into SW1-Tu.By doing like this, the circuit that comprises upstream sensor Tu, switch SW 1a and Doppler shift detecting unit 130a becomes with shown in Figure 9 and comprises that the circuit of sensor 110 and Doppler shift detecting unit 130 is identical, thereby allows to measure by pulse Doppler method.Certainly, concerning business entity of the present invention, use downstream sensor by switch SW 1-T is transformed into SW1-Td, it is conspicuous allowing by the pulse Doppler method measurement.
Measuring by the transmission time method only needs switch SW 3 and SW4 are transformed into " b ".By doing like this, the circuit that comprises switch SW 1-T, amplifier 131, switch SW 4 and A/D converter 134I becomes with shown in Figure 9 and comprises that the circuit of sensor 110 and Doppler shift detecting unit 130 is identical, illustrates to allow to measure by the transmission time method.During measuring,, carry out the conversion and control (wherein, u and d be used to discern the contact that correspond respectively to a and b) identical with switch SW shown in Figure 10 for switch SW 1-T by the transmission time method.
Although present embodiment has been described the example that uses three pairs of sensors, yet, identical by the quantity that makes sensor with the quantity of the contact of switch SW 1a, can be by two pairs, four pairs or more to realizing similar result.
Above-mentioned explanation only is to be used to describe exemplary embodiment of the present invention.Therefore, concerning business entity of the present invention, be easy to change, revise or add to the foregoing description according to the technology of the present invention notion or principle.
For example, although second embodiment is configured to by using sensor 111u, measure the first exomonental echoed signal of each measuring period by pulse Doppler method, also can measure the second exomonental echoed signal by pulse Doppler method by using sensor 111d.
Simultaneously, third and fourth embodiment has been illustrated in the example of changing between pulse Doppler method and the transmission time method, yet conversion method can expect it can being different.For example, this configuration can be calculation control unit 150a to be set be used for from outside (for example user or superior system) method of reseptance conversion command or signal.In response to method conversion command or signal, calculation control unit 150 can make emission; Receive timing control unit 120b conversion method.
Although the 4th and the 5th embodiment has described the example of carrying out pulse Doppler method and transmission time method simultaneously concurrently, but this configuration also can be calculation control unit 150 to be set be used for from outside method of reseptance conversion command or signal (for example user or superior system), and the calculation control unit 150a of received signal makes emission ﹠amp; Receive timing control unit according to method conversion command or signal, between pulse Doppler method, transmission time method and two kinds of methods, change the flow measurement pattern.
Commercial Application
The invention enables on wide region, and measure the flow of fluid by high accuracy, and Be not subjected to the state of fluid, such as the impact of flow velocity and bubbles volume.
The invention enables and to realize concerning ultrasonic flowmeter, reduce production costs and simplify The installation of detector can improve certainty of measurement and measurable range, and is not subjected to the state of fluid, Impact such as flow velocity and bubbles volume.
The invention enables in the situation of using single detector, by eliminating pulse Doppler side The technical problem that method is intrinsic realizes the raising of flow measurement precision, and suppressing simultaneously cost increases.
In addition, the present invention includes by pulse Doppler method and transmission time method and carry out flow Measure required resource, allow thus the flow measurement by two kinds of methods, and high precision and Flow measurement on the wide region of flow velocity.
Claims (18)
1. a ultrasonic flow meter comprises a plurality of flow measurements unit, is used for mutual different measuring principle, comes the flow of fluid in the measuring channel by using ultrasound wave.
2. ultrasonic flow meter comprises:
A plurality of flow measurements unit is used for mutual different measuring principle, comes the flow of fluid in the measuring channel by using ultrasound wave; And
Sensor unit is used for carrying out the mutual conversion between acoustical signal and the electric signal by being installed on the pipeline and shared between a plurality of flow measurements unit.
3. ultrasonic flow meter comprises:
The first flow measuring unit is used for by using the transmission time method to detect the flow of pipeline fluid;
The second flow measurement unit is used for by using pulse Doppler method to detect the flow of pipeline fluid;
A plurality of first and second sensor units are installed on the pipeline that the fluid as measuring object flows through therein, and each carries out the mutual conversion between acoustical signal and the electric signal; And
The sensor converting unit is used to make the described sensor unit of the first and second flow measurement units shareds.
4. ultrasonic flow meter as claimed in claim 3, wherein,
A plurality of described first and second sensor units are installed on the pipeline, and wherein said first and second sensor units are at the opposite side of crossing pipeline axle and be on the flow direction of described fluid the position of displacement mutually;
Described first flow measuring unit by measuring the acoustical signal that sends and receive by second sensor unit from the first sensor unit travel-time and the mistiming between travel-time of the acoustical signal that sends and receive by first sensor from second sensor, measure the flow of fluid; And
In the velocity flow profile of each measurement of the described second flow measurement unit by being used in combination first and second sensors, from above-mentioned each sensor from the center measured value to the velocity flow profile of distally tube wall, obtain the velocity flow profile of the whole diameter of pipeline.
5. ultrasonic flow meter as claimed in claim 3, wherein,
Described a plurality of first and second sensor units are positioned at the same side of described pipeline, are separated from each other along the flow direction of described fluid,
Described first flow measuring unit sends from the first sensor unit and sends in the travel-time of the acoustical signal that is received by second sensor unit by tube wall reflection back with from second sensor unit and mistiming between the travel-time of the acoustical signal that is received by the first sensor unit by tube wall reflection back by measuring, measure the flow of fluid, and
The described second flow measurement unit is based on poor by the velocity distribution to tube wall of each measurement of first and second sensor units, calculate pipeline axially on velocity flow profile.
6. ultrasonic flow meter as claimed in claim 3, wherein,
Described first flow measuring unit comprises:
The pair of sensors unit is installed on the described pipeline, is used to carry out the mutual conversion between acoustical signal and the electric signal;
The transponder pulse generation unit is used for transponder pulse is applied to and is used for ultrasonic emitting on the sensor unit;
The receiving signal amplifier control module is used to import the ultrasound wave received signal that receives at sensor unit;
Mould/number (A/D) converting unit is used for converting received signal to digital signal;
The travel-time arithmetic element is used for travel-time of being measured by transmitting terminal by alternately switching the pair of sensors unit and receiving end, comes the computing propagation time difference;
The flow rate calculation unit is used for coming calculated flow rate based on propagation time difference; And
Emission ﹠amp; Receive timing control unit, be mounted and the described second flow measurement units shared, be used to control transponder pulse generation unit and A/D converting unit.
7. ultrasonic flow meter as claimed in claim 3, wherein,
The described second flow measurement unit comprises:
Sensor unit is installed on the described pipeline, is used to carry out the mutual conversion between acoustical signal and the electric signal;
The transponder pulse generation unit is used for that transponder pulse is applied to sensor unit and is used for ultrasonic emitting;
Received signal is amplified control module, is used to import the acoustical signal that receives at sensor unit;
Mould/number (A/D) converting unit is used for converting received signal to digital signal;
The velocity flow profile arithmetic element is used for the hyperacoustic Doppler shift based on transmission between sensor unit and fluid and reception, comes the interior described flow rate of fluid of xsect of measuring channel to distribute;
Integral arithmetic unit is used for determining flow by the described velocity flow profile of integration; And
Emission ﹠amp; Receive timing control unit, be mounted with described first flow measuring unit sharedly, be used to control transponder pulse generation unit and A/D converting unit.
8. one kind is used for by using ultrasound wave to come the ultrasonic flow measuring method of the flow of measuring channel inner fluid,
Measure flow by a plurality of flow measurements unit that uses different mutually measuring principles, shared each be installed in a plurality of sensor units that are used to carry out the mutual conversion between acoustical signal and the electric signal on the pipeline, and for each flow measurement unit, the connection of conversion sensor unit.
9. ultrasonic flow measuring method as claimed in claim 8 comprises:
A plurality of described flow measurements unit, comprise be used for by use the transmission time method detect described pipeline inner fluid flow the first flow measuring unit and be used for by using pulse Doppler method to detect the second flow measurement unit of the flow of pipeline inner fluid; And following step:
Described first and second sensor units are installed in the opposite side of crossing pipeline axle and are in the position of mutual displacement on the flow direction of fluid,
The travel-time of first flow measuring unit by measuring the acoustical signal that sends and receive by second sensor unit by the first sensor unit and the mistiming in travel-time of the acoustical signal that sends and receive by the first sensor unit by second sensor unit, measure the flow of fluid, and
That the second flow measurement unit is measured by the sensor unit respectively by combination, respectively from first and second sensor units from pipeline center to the measured value of the velocity flow profile of opposite side tube wall, calculate the velocity flow profile of the whole diameter of pipeline.
10. ultrasonic flow measuring method as claimed in claim 8 comprises:
A plurality of described flow measurements unit, comprise and being used for by using the transmission time method to detect the first flow measuring unit of the flow of described pipeline inner fluid, with the second flow measurement unit that is used for detecting the flow of pipeline inner fluid by the use pulse Doppler method, and following step:
Make described first and second sensor units be positioned at the same side of pipeline, and be in the position that is separated from each other on the flow direction of fluid,
The travel-time of first flow measuring unit by measuring the acoustical signal that sends, receives by the first sensor unit and the mistiming in travel-time of the acoustical signal that sends, receive by second sensor unit by the tube wall reflection and by the first sensor unit by the tube wall reflection and by second sensor unit, measure the flow of fluid, and
The described second flow measurement unit is based on the difference to the velocity distribution of tube wall by each measurement of first and second sensor units, calculate pipeline axially on velocity flow profile.
11. a ultrasonic flow meter can be measured flow by pulse Doppler method and transmission time method simultaneously concurrently, comprising:
Measure at least one pair of required electricity/ultrasonic sensor of flow by the transmission time method;
Hardware cell is used for providing by pulse Doppler method to described at least one pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor and measures flow and measure the required pulse signal of flow by the transmission time method;
Testing circuit is used for the received signal that obtains by from any sensor that comprises described a pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor, detects Doppler shift;
Change-over circuit, be used to amplify and first received signal that mould/number conversion obtains by the ultrasonic pulse transmission that is from upstream to the downstream, and second received signal by obtaining from the ultrasonic pulse transmission of swimming over to the upstream down, first and second received signals obtain by described a pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor; And
Control module is used for by pulse Doppler method, comes calculated flow rate by the Doppler shift that detects, and by the transmission time method, comes calculated flow rate by the output of change-over circuit.
12. ultrasonic flow meter as claimed in claim 11 further comprises:
Second electricity/ultrasonic sensor only is used for measuring flow by pulse Doppler method, wherein
Described hardware cell provides the transponder pulse signal to described a pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor and second electricity/ultrasonic sensor, and
Described testing circuit detects described Doppler shift by the received signal that obtains from second electricity/ultrasonic sensor.
13. ultrasonic flow meter as claimed in claim 11, wherein,
Described at least one pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor only comprises single right, and ultrasonic flow meter further comprises:
Switch element, insert the input of pulse signal output and be used for Doppler's method described hardware cell described converting unit and only between a sensor of a pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor, only be used for duration connecting circuit, wherein in the measuring period of pulse Doppler method
Described testing circuit basis is from the received signal of the echo of the ultrasonic pulse of a sensor output, detects described Doppler shift.
14. ultrasonic flow meter as claimed in claim 13, wherein,
Described control module and hardware cell are according to external command or signal, and cooperation changes the flow measurement pattern, i.e. pulse Doppler method, transmission time method and while two kinds of methods.
15. a ultrasonic flow meter can be carried out flow measurement by changing between pulse Doppler method and transmission time method, this ultrasonic flow meter comprises:
Measure at least one pair of required electricity/ultrasonic sensor of flow by the transmission time method;
The pulse generation unit, be used for providing by the transmission time method and measure the required pulse signal of flow, so that generate and an output in described a pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor is measured the required pulse signal of flow by pulse Doppler method to described a pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor;
Testing circuit is used to detect an any sensor that comprises described a pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor by use, comes the required Doppler shift of calculated flow rate by pulse Doppler method;
Converting unit, allow above-mentioned resource by this claim, first received signal and second received signal that amplification and mould/number conversion obtain by the ultrasonic pulse transmission that is from upstream to the downstream by obtaining from the ultrasonic pulse transmission of swimming over to the upstream down; And
Control module is used for coming calculated flow rate by the Doppler shift that detects by pulse Doppler method, and by the result of mould/number conversion, comes calculated flow rate by the transmission time method.
16. ultrasonic flow meter as claimed in claim 15, wherein,
Described testing circuit is included in the amplifier of its prime and is used for a pair of A/D converter of the imaginary part of the real part of deal with data respectively and data in back level,
Described converting unit comprises:
A pair of single-pole double throw switch unit, just in time be inserted in before the described a pair of A/D converter, only be used for duration connecting circuit, simultaneously the output of amplifier be connected to an input of described a pair of mould/number sensor, and further comprise in the measuring period of pulse Doppler method:
Second switch unit, its common terminal are connected to the output terminal of described pulse generation unit and the input end of testing circuit, and its a pair of contact is connected to described a pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor, wherein,
Described converting unit is controlled, so that during the measuring period of pulse Doppler method, between described a pair of single-pole double throw switch unit and second switch unit, change and be connected to one of described sensor with input with amplifier, and according to its Measurement Algorithm, during the measuring period that is used for the transmission time method, be transformed into the second switch unit.
17. ultrasonic flow meter as claimed in claim 16, wherein,
Described at least one pair of electricity/ultrasonic sensor is many to sensor,
Described second switch unit is a single-pole switch, and it comprises the contact that is connected to many two multiples to sensor one by one, and
Described converting unit is right with distributing to described many each to sensor the measuring period of pulse Doppler method and transmission time method, for each to conversion second switch unit, make during the measuring period of pulse Doppler method, but the input of amplifier be connected to application sensors to one of, and in the measuring period of transmission time method, but according to its Measurement Algorithm with amplifier and described application sensors to being connected.
18. ultrasonic flow meter as claimed in claim 15, wherein,
Described control module and described converting unit are according to external command or signal, and cooperation changes the flow measurement pattern, i.e. pulse Doppler method, transmission time method and while two kinds of methods.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP052348/2004 | 2004-02-26 | ||
| JP2004052348 | 2004-02-26 | ||
| JP055250/2004 | 2004-02-27 |
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| CN1926407A true CN1926407A (en) | 2007-03-07 |
| CN100401022C CN100401022C (en) | 2008-07-09 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005800061358A Active CN100401022C (en) | 2004-02-26 | 2005-02-24 | Ultrasonic flowmeter and ultrasonic flow rate measurement method |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7437948B2 (en) | 2004-02-26 | 2008-10-21 | Fuji Electric Systems Co., Ltd. | Ultrasonic flowmeter and ultrasonic flow rate measurement method |
| CN102027334B (en) * | 2008-05-12 | 2012-07-04 | 关联封闭合资股份公司 | Device for measuring the volume flow rate of a controlled medium in a pipeline |
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