CN1925815A - 模块化的椎间植入物或椎间盘假体 - Google Patents

模块化的椎间植入物或椎间盘假体 Download PDF

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CN1925815A
CN1925815A CNA2004800426494A CN200480042649A CN1925815A CN 1925815 A CN1925815 A CN 1925815A CN A2004800426494 A CNA2004800426494 A CN A2004800426494A CN 200480042649 A CN200480042649 A CN 200480042649A CN 1925815 A CN1925815 A CN 1925815A
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central part
plate
approximation
described central
longitudinal axis
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A·施图德
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AO Technology AG
Synthes GmbH
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种中心件(1)，它规定用于一种模块化椎间植入物或模块化椎间盘假体。该中心件设有各装置(2)，用以可拆式固定在一适用于对合在一椎骨体的底板或盖板上的对合板(3)上。一模块化的组合部件包括n个这样的中心件(1)和m个对合板，对合板的指向中心件(1)的表面具有互补于中心件(1)上的各装置(2)的装置(4)，其中n≥2和m≥4、优选n≥3和m≥6。

Description

模块化的椎间植入物或椎间盘假体
技术领域
本发明涉及一种模块化的椎间植入物或模块化的椎间盘假体，其具有各不同的中心件和多个可在中心件上可拆式固定的不同构造方式的对合板(Appositionsplatte)。
背景技术
这产生的结果是，根据涉及的脊柱段、病人的体重和应用情况肯定没有大量的不同的植入物已准备好提供给外科医生，然后由他从中进行择选。
发明内容
在这里本发明消除这样的弊端。本发明的目的在于，提供一种模块化的椎间植入物或模块化的椎间盘假体，其以一组合部件的形式包括多个中心件(用于不同体重的病人和用于具有不同运动范围的病人)和多个可在中心件上可拆式固定的不同构造方式的对合板，从而外科医生可以在手术前自己组合由其认为最好的植入物并且如有必要还可以在手术内通过适当的中心件或对合板的更换适应于解剖学的情况和要求。
本发明这样达到提出的目的，即利用一中心件。其具有权利要求1的特征；一对合板，其具有权利要求11的特征；一模块化的椎间植入物或椎间盘假体，其具有权利要求15的特征；以及一模块化的组合部件，其具有权利要求16的特征。
本发明的其他的有利的实施形式说明于诸从属权利要求中。
通过本发明达到的优点可看出基本上在于，其在解剖学的不同的椎骨中允许简单的补偿，例如在骶骨1号和腰椎骨5号的组合(S1/L5)的情况中。
在一优选的实施形式中，中心件的上端和下端设有用以可拆式固定在各一个对合板上的装置，由此可以在中心件的两端安装不同的对合板，这能够实现由中心件和各终板组成的椎间植入物的个别的匹配。
用于将中心件可拆式固定在各对合板上的装置优选可平行于纵轴线相嵌接，从而可达到椎间植入物的简单的组合。
在另一实施形式中，通过中心件相对于一对合板的同心于纵轴线的旋转可锁定所述各装置，其中各装置优选以一***式锁扣的一凹入的或凸出部分的形式实现。***式锁扣可以构成为旋转锁，从而可达到简单的可操作性。
在又一实施形式中，中心件平行于其纵轴线可弹性变形并且具有一递增的弹簧特性曲线f。通过递增的弹簧特征曲线f使中心件可用于不同体重的病人的负载。例如弹簧特性曲线f的递增性可以这样构成，即：
弹簧位移在0mm与0.5mm之间的第一分区域具有在450N/mm与550N/mm之间优选约500N/mm的弹簧刚度，从而中心件适用于40-65kg重的病人的负载；
弹簧位移0.5mm至1.0mm的第二分区域具有在1400N/mm与1600N/mm之间优选约1500N/mm的弹簧刚度，从而中心件适用于60-100kg重的病人的负载；以及
弹簧位移1.0mm至1.5mm的第三分区域具有在2500N/mm与3500N/mm之间优选约3000N/mm的弹簧刚度，从而中心件适用于100-140kg重的病人的负载。
代替具有三个分区域的弹簧特征曲线，其也可以只具有两个适用的包括不同弹簧刚度的分区域。
在另一实施形式中，中心件在轴向终端具有各一个横向于纵轴线设置的终板，它们在轴向外部各具有***式锁扣的凹入部分。于是***式锁扣的互补构成的凸出部分必须设置在各对合板的指向中心件的表面上。
在本发明的对合板的一优选的实施形式中，包括这些用以可拆式固定在以上列举的中心件的实施形式之一上的装置并且具有一适用于对合在一椎骨体的底板或盖板上的外表面和一包括各装置的内表面。优选外表面是凸面向外拱形的。
在另一实施形式中，对合板的外表面相对于内表面构成锐角α，其优选处于2°至7°的范围内。
在又一实施形式中，对合板的外表面具有三维的结构。
本发明的模块化椎间植入物或模块化椎间盘假体优选包括一个按照上述实施形式之一的中心件和两个按照上述实施形式之一的对合板。
此外本发明包括一模块化的组合部件，其具有n个按照上述实施形式之一的中心件和m个按照上述实施形式之一的对合板，其中模块化的组合部件包括n≥2个中心件和m≥4个对合板、优选n≥3个中心件和m≥6个对合板。模块化的组合部件能够实现待植入的椎间植入物或椎间盘假体的最好的匹配并且能够就地进行椎间植入物的组装。
优选m个对合板中的至少两个具有不同的高度。
附图说明
以下借助多个实施例的部分示意图还要更详细地说明本发明和本发明的进一步构成。其中：
图1本发明的中心件的一个实施形式的剖面图；
图2沿图1中的线A-A截取的剖面图；
图3本发明的对合板的一个实施形式，其可在中心件的上方固定在中心件上；
图4图3中所示的本发明的对合板，其可在中心件的下方固定在中心件上；
图5图1和2中所示的本发明的中心件的实施形式的俯视图；以及
图6本发明的模块化的椎间盘假体的一个实施形式的前后的剖面图。
具体实施方式
图1、2和5中示出中心件1的一个实施形式，其基本上包括第一端23、第二端24、一同轴于纵轴线15设置的空心圆柱形的弹性的装置20、一构成为波纹管21的同轴的外套22、各一个轴向终端横向于纵轴线15设置的终板12、13和在弹性的装置20的空腔26内设置的轴向弹性的锁定装置27用以锁定在终板12、13中设置的***式锁扣。
终板12、13在终端包括***式锁扣以一外面的椭圆形孔28(图5)和一轴向邻接的圆柱形背缝(Hinterstich)29的形式的凹入部分10，从而在对合板3(图3和4)上设置的互补的***式锁扣的各凸出部分11可被***并且可通过绕纵轴线15的旋转而轴向固定。锁定装置27用于锁定***式锁扣的各凸出部分11，锁定装置27在这里包括两个轴向上下设置的榫头30和一个在它们之间同轴设置的弹簧31。各榫头30通过弹簧31压向各终板12、13。各榫头30在其轴向外端32具有各一个横向于纵轴线15设置的槽33(图5)，用以容纳***式锁扣的各凸出部分11的前段34。
***式锁扣的各凸出部分11在图3和4中是可见的。它们包括各一个前段34和一后段35，该前段构成互补于***式锁扣的凹入部分10中的椭圆形孔28，所述后段构成圆柱形的并且径向不高出前段34，从而凸出部分11在***到凹入部分10以后可绕纵轴线15旋转，直到前段34卡入榫头30上的槽33中。为此在***过程中各榫头30被轴向相互相对移动，从而在***式锁扣的凸出部分11旋转以后，当前段34与槽33对准时，通过弹簧31的弹簧力将各榫头30推向终板12、13并且凸出部分11的前段34锁定入槽33中。
中心件1还包括同心于纵轴线15设置的弹性的装置20和一在外部围绕弹性的装置20同轴的构成为波纹管21的外套22。根据材料波纹管21焊接、敛缝或压入在中心件1的两终板12、13上。在图中所示的实施形式中弹性的装置20由包括相同的碟簧19的碟簧组36a、36b、36c、36d(图2)组成，但其中第一碟簧组36a由一包括三个方向相同的成层的碟簧19的碟簧分组组成，第二和第三碟簧组36b、36c包括各两个相互相对定向的分组，各分组由两个方向相同的成层的碟簧19组成，而第四碟簧36d由两个相互相对定向的碟簧19构成。通过碟簧组36a、36b、36c、36d的这样的实施形式可达到弹性的装置20的一递增的弹簧特性曲线。
图3中示出一在中心件1的上端23上横向于纵轴线15设置的上对合板3，其适用于支承在一椎骨体的底板上，以及图4示出一在中心件1的下端24上横向于纵轴线15设置的下对合板3，其适用于支承在一椎骨体的盖板上。两对合板3具有向外凸面拱形的表面5和在其内表面6上具有一同心于纵轴线15的凹槽37，该凹槽包括***式锁扣的集成的凸出部分11。
图6示出模块化椎间植入物40的一个实施形式，其具有一中心件1、一在中心件1的上端23上的上对合板3和一在中心件1的下端24上的下对合板3。中心件1和各对合板3与图1至5所示的实施形式的区别只在于，在各对合板3的内表面6的凹槽37中和互补地在中心件1的终板12、13的外面上设置各一个同心于纵轴线15的陶瓷材料制的环41、42，并且各对合板3的外表面5与内表面6构成3°的角度α。对合板3的斜角构成使椎间植入物40的总高在背侧小于在前侧的。陶瓷环41、42承担密封功能，从而体液不可能透入椎间植入物的内部。

Claims (17)

1.一种用于模块化椎间植入物或模块化椎间盘假体的中心件(1)，其特征在于，该中心件设有用以可拆式固定在一对合板(3)上的装置(2)，所述对合板适用于对合在一椎骨体的底板或盖板上。
2.按照权利要求1所述的中心件(1)，其特征在于，该中心件具有一上端(23)和一下端(24)并且在两端(23、24)上设有用以可拆式固定在一对合板(3)上的装置(2)。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的中心件(1)，其特征在于，该中心件具有一与上端(23)和下端(24)相交的纵轴线(15)，并且各装置(2)可平行于纵轴线(15)嵌接在一对合板(3)上。
4.按照权利要求3所述的中心件(1)，其特征在于，通过中心件(1)相对于一对合板(3)的同心于纵轴线(15)的旋转可锁定各装置(2)。
5.按照权利要求1至4之一项所述的中心件(1)，其特征在于，该中心件具有一纵轴线(15)、平行于该纵轴线(15)是弹性的并且具有一递增的弹簧特性曲线f。
6.按照权利要求5所述的中心件(1)，其特征在于，弹簧特性曲线f在第一分区域具有在450N/mm与550N/mm之间的弹簧刚度，而在第二分区域具有在1400N/mm与1600N/mm之间的弹簧刚度。
7.按照权利要求5或6所述的中心件(1)，其特征在于，弹簧特性曲线在一分区域内具有在2500N/mm与3500N/mm之间的弹簧刚度。
8.按照上述权利要求1至7之一项所述的中心件(1)，其特征在于，以一***式锁扣的一凹入部分(10)或凸出部分(11)的形式实现各装置(2)。
9.按照权利要求8所述的中心件(1)，其特征在于，***式锁扣构成为旋转锁。
10.按照权利要求8或9所述的中心件(1)，其特征在于，中心件(1)在轴向终端包括各一个横向于纵轴线(10)设置的终板(11、12)，它们在轴向外部各具有***式锁扣的凹入部分(10)。
11.对合板(3)，包括用以可拆式固定在按照权利要求1至10之一项所述的中心件(1)上的装置(4)，其特征在于，该对合板具有一适用于对合在一锥骨体的底板或盖板上的外表面(5)和一包括各装置(4)的内表面(6)。
12.按照权利要求11所述的对合板(3)，其特征在于，外表面(5)是凸面向外拱形的。
13.按照权利要求11或12所述的对合板(3)，其特征在于，外表面(5)相对于内表面(6)构成锐角α、优选在2°至7°的范围内。
14.按照权利要求11至13之一项所述的对合板(3)，其特征在于，外表面具有三维的结构。
15.模块化椎间植入物(40)或模块化椎间盘假体，包括一按照权利要求1至10之一项所述的中心件(1)和两个按照权利要求11至14之一项所述的对合板(3)，其特征在于，各装置(2、4)相互适应。
16.模块化的组合部件，包括n个按照权利要求1至10之一项所述的中心件(1)和m个按照权利要求11至14之一项所述的对合板，其特征在于，n≥2和m≥4、优选n≥3和m≥6。
17.按照权利要求16所述的组合的组合部件，其特征在于，m个对合板中的至少两个具有不同的高度。
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