CN1921341A - Wave beam forming network with variable beam width - Google Patents
Wave beam forming network with variable beam width Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wave beam forming network with adjustable width. Wherein, it comprises antenna array with several antenna array units; Butler matrix network to generate the wave beams at different directions, while its output signal is coupled to each antenna array unit; mixed network for receiving any one of two signal paths at one time, to adjust phase to provide signal to the Butler matrix network to change the signal input into Butler matrix network to change the feedback amplitude and phase of antenna array signal. The invention has simple structure of mixed network to selectively receive signal and shift phase, to directly adjust the amplitude and phase of antenna array unit, to generate and switch two wave beams, while the wave beam width and direction are adjustable.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to the communications field, relate in particular to a kind of beam-forming network with variable beamwidth.
[background technology]
Array antenna system needs to have the beam position of variable beamwidth and variation in many application.Such as, in mobile communication system, along with the continuous development of mobile communication technology and perfect, present mobile communication has been come into huge numbers of families, becomes an indispensable part in people's life.Under the situation of strengthening day by day of writing to each other now, also more and more higher to the requirement of communication system.In diversified, complicated day by day modern communications applied environment, along with the surge of mobile subscriber's quantity, the densification of the network coverage, wideization of overlay area, the extension of network capacity, the orientation of capacity and overlay area all is dynamic sometimes.When capacity is low, only needs a wave beam just can satisfy application, and a beam splitting need be become two wave beams, and require its beamwidth and beam position to change as required in some high capacity regions.
In the prior art, a kind of is exactly as shown in Figure 1 standard Butler (Butler) matrixing network 50.Can be referring to patent " Multiple Beam Antenna SystemEmploying Multiple Directional Couplers In The the Leadin " (U.S.Pat.No.3 by the J.L.Butler invention in 1966,255,450) and patent " Antenna System ForRadiating Directional the Patterns " (U.S.Pat.No.3 by W.R.Lowe invention in 1966,295,134).This typical beam-forming network mainly spends 3dB electric bridge 41,42,43,44 by 4 90 and fixed phase drift device 51,52 constitutes.Wherein 90 degree 3dB electrical bridge principles as shown in Figure 2,180 degree 3db electrical bridge principles see also shown in Figure 3, it is that power hybrid network by one four port constitutes, its two output port has the characteristic that phase of output signal differs from 90 degree, during promptly from input port 111 input signals, the phase of output signal quadrature lagging of the phase of output signal specific output port one 13 of output port 114, during perhaps from input port 112 input signals, the phase of output signal quadrature lagging of the phase of output signal specific output port one 14 of output port 113; Input port 112 is isolated from each other with respect to input port 111 simultaneously.So, when from port one 13 and port one 14 simultaneously input range equate, during the signal of phase difference 90 degree, then all energy only are coupled and are synthesized to a port, i.e. port one 11 or port one 12, and another port is output as zero.This network configuration is fairly simple, can form 4 wave beams simultaneously, also can carry out wave beam according to demand and switch.But the formation wave beam of this network all is a fixed beam, and its beam position and beamwidth are all preset, and be immutable.And when the user be positioned at beam edge, when interference signal is positioned at the wave beam maximum position, then reception is the poorest, can not realize that optimum signal receives.
Existing another kind of technology can be referring to the patent " Multibeam adaptive array " (U.S.Pat.No.4,032,922) of Joseph H.Provencher invention in 1977, and its embodiment is seen Fig. 4.This beam-forming network is to improve to form on the basis of standard Butler matrixing network.Switching circuit 61 wherein can be designed to various ways such as hilted broadsword is thrown more, multitool is thrown more according to actual needs, and associating comprise network 62 can realize in default scope that the switch of beam position and beamwidth is variable.But this network still adopts fixed beam, can not realize the variable of beam position and beamwidth, can not satisfy flexible, changeable application need in the communications applications environment that becomes increasingly complex now.
[summary of the invention]
Purpose of the present invention exactly will be in order to provide a kind of beam-forming network with variable beamwidth based on Butler (Butler) matrixing network, to overcome the defective of said fixing wave beam, realization is variable to beam position and beamwidth, to satisfy the applied environment factor, as the performance requirement to antenna such as message capacity, orientation, overlay area, coverage.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The present invention has the beam-forming network of variable beamwidth, comprising:
Aerial array comprises a plurality of bay row;
The butler matrix network, in order to produce the different wave beams that point to, its output signal is coupled to each corresponding in described aerial array corresponding antenna arrays unit and lists;
Hybrid network, synchronization is accepted any one tunnel input of two paths of signals, provide signal to export the butler matrix network within it behind the phase modulation, input to the signal of butler matrix network, and then correspondingly change the feed amplitude and the phase place of the signal of aerial array in order to change.
Described hybrid network comprises a 3db electric bridge, variable phase shifter, the 2nd 3db electric bridge, first power splitter, second power splitter and first fixed phase shifter and second fixed phase shifter:
The one 3db electric bridge, synchronization are accepted any one tunnel input of two paths of signals, and this conversion of signals is the two paths of signals output that differs a phase bit;
Variable phase shifter, any one tunnel output signal of accepting a 3db electric bridge carry out after the phase shift inputing to described the 2nd 3db electric bridge with another road output signal of a 3db electric bridge;
The 2nd 3db electric bridge, accept two paths of signals input after, every road signal all is converted to the signal that differs a phase bit, the signal after two paths of signals is changed separately carry out in twos vector superposed after, export first and second power splitters respectively to;
After first and second power splitter acknowledge(ment) signal input signal is divided into two, form the output of four road signals altogether, and the road signal that is output separately of two power splitters carries out phase shift by described first and second fixed phase shifters respectively.
The phase shift amplitude of described first and second fixed phase shifters is 180 degree.
The output work proportion by subtraction of described first and second power splitters is 1: n, n are any real number more than or equal to 1.
It is that relative-180 degree are between+180 degree that the phase delay of the variable phase shifter in the described hybrid network changes range of variables.
The described first and second 3db electric bridges can make up by following several modes:
1, the first and second 3db electric bridges are 90 degree 3db electric bridges;
2, in the first and second 3db electric bridges, one adopts 90 degree 3db electric bridges, and another then adopts 180 degree 3db electric bridges;
3, the first and second 3db electric bridges are 180 degree 3db electric bridges.
Compared with prior art, the present invention possesses following advantage: adopt simple structure to form hybrid network, select the input of a ground acknowledge(ment) signal and carry out phase modulation by hybrid network, adjust the amplitude and the phase place of the signal of aerial array indirectly, can generate two wave beams, between two wave beams, carry out conversion, and the beamwidth between each wave beam and beam position are all variable.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is a standard butler matrix structural principle schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the structural principle schematic diagram of 90 degree 3db electric bridges;
Fig. 3 is the structural principle schematic diagram of 180 degree 3db electric bridges;
Fig. 4 is the structural principle schematic diagram of the beam-forming network of a kind of multi-beam adaptive array in the prior art;
Fig. 5 is a structural principle schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is corresponding different φ value, and first, second 3db electric bridge is 90 when spending, the situation of change of two wave beams that produced;
Fig. 7 is corresponding different φ value, and a 3db electric bridge is that 180 degree, the 2nd 3db electric bridge are 90 when spending, the situation of change of two wave beams that produced;
Fig. 8 is corresponding different φ value, and first, second 3db electric bridge is 180 when spending, the situation of change of two wave beams that produced;
Fig. 9 is corresponding different φ value, and a 3db electric bridge is that 90 degree, the 2nd 3db electric bridge are 180 when spending, the situation of change of two wave beams that produced.
[embodiment]
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
See also Fig. 5, the present invention has the beam-forming network of variable beamwidth and is made up of following each several part: one 4 * 4 butler matrix network 50, one can realize that the mutually adjustable hybrid network of the width of cloth 70 and 4 are by a plurality of bay row 21,22,23,24 aerial arrays of forming.
Described hybrid network 70 has two input ports 81 and 82, has four output ports 35,36,37,38, be connected to four input ports of butler matrix network 50 correspondences, four output ports 31 of described butler matrix network 50,32,33,34 are coupled to the corresponding array element row 21,22 in the aerial array respectively, 23,24.
Above-mentioned have the mutually adjustable hybrid network of the width of cloth 70 and be made up of following each several part: two fixed phase drift device 52a with 180 degree, 52b; First and second power splitters 54,55 that are divided into two; First, second 3dB electric bridge 46,45; A variable phase shifter 63.Signal is from input port 89,90 inputs of a 3dB electric bridge 46; The output port 87 of the one 3dB electric bridge 46 is connected to the input port 85 of the 2nd 3dB electric bridge 45 by variable phase shifter 63, and output port 88 directly is connected with the input port 86 of the 2nd 3dB electric bridge 45; And two output ports 83,84 of the 2nd 3dB electric bridge 45 are connected with first and second power splitters 54,55 input port 83,84 separately respectively; The output port 91 of first power splitter 54 and the output port 92 of second power splitter 55 are respectively by fixed phase drift device 52a, the respective input mouth 37 of 52b and butler matrix network 50,36 are connected, and two ports 93,94 in addition of first power splitter 54 and second power splitter 55 directly are connected with the respective input mouth 35,38 of butler matrix network 50.
The output work proportion by subtraction of first and second power splitters 54,55 in the above-mentioned hybrid network 70 is 1: n.Wherein the value of n both can equal 1, for etc. merit divide state; It also can be other any arithmetic number.
It is that relative-180 degree are to+180 degree that the phase delay of the variable phase shifter 63 in the above-mentioned hybrid network 70 changes weight range.
And for the first and second 3dB electric bridges 45,46 in the above-mentioned hybrid network 70, both can adopt 90 degree 3dB electric bridges, also can be 180 degree 3dB electric bridges, corresponding compound mode has four kinds, below various various combination modes of labor and action effect thereof:
(1), when the first and second 3dB electric bridge 45,46 when being 90 degree 3dB electric bridges simultaneously, can form two wave beams simultaneously, difference according to variable phase shifting equipment phase delay, there are 5 kinds of typical case in its beam varies, as shown in Figure 6, dotted line is depicted as wave beam 1 among the figure, gained wave beam corresponding to from input port 81 input signals the time; Solid line is depicted as wave beam 2, gained wave beam corresponding to from input port 82 input signals the time.
1., shown in Fig. 6 (a), when the phase delay φ of variable phase shifter 63 is relatively-180 ° the time, wave beam 1 departs from antenna array normal direction certain angle, wave beam 2 is about antenna array normal and wave beam 1 mirror image;
2., shown in Fig. 6 (b), when the phase delay φ of variable phase shifter 63 is relative-90 °, wave beam 1 is a difference beam, point to and overlap with the sensing of antenna array normal the zero point of this difference beam directional diagram, wave beam 2 is one and wave beam, and the sensing of this and beam pattern overlaps with the direction of antenna array normal;
3., shown in Fig. 6 (c), when the phase delay φ of variable phase shifter 63 is relative 0 °, wave beam 1 departs from antenna array normal direction certain angle, but the situation of offset direction when being relative-180 ° with φ is just opposite, and wave beam 2 is about antenna array normal and wave beam 1 mirror image;
4., shown in Fig. 6 (d), when the phase delay φ of variable phase shifter 63 is relative 90 °, wave beam 1 is one and wave beam, the sensing of this and beam pattern overlaps with the sensing of antenna array normal, wave beam 2 is a difference beam, and the sensing of this difference beam directional diagram overlaps with the direction of antenna array normal;
5., shown in Fig. 6 (e), when the phase delay φ of variable phase shifter 63 is relative 180 °, wave beam 1 departs from antenna array normal direction certain angle, and wave beam 2 is about antenna array normal and wave beam 1 mirror image, and is just the same when wave beam 1 is relative-180 ° with wave beam 2 with φ.
(2), when the 2nd 3dB electric bridge 45 be that 90 degree 3dB electric bridges and 3dB electric bridges 46 are when being 180 degree 3dB electric bridges, can form two wave beams simultaneously, difference according to variable phase shifter 63 phase delays, there are 5 kinds of typical case in its beam varies, as shown in Figure 7, dotted line is depicted as wave beam 1 among the figure, gained wave beam corresponding to from input port 81 input signals the time; Solid line is depicted as wave beam 2, gained wave beam corresponding to from input port 82 input signals the time.
1., shown in Fig. 7 (a), when the phase delay φ of variable phase shifter 63 is relative-180 °, wave beam 1 is one and wave beam, the sensing of this and beam pattern overlaps with the sensing of antenna array normal, wave beam 2 is a difference beam, and the sensing of this difference beam directional diagram overlaps with the direction of antenna array normal;
2., shown in Fig. 7 (b), when the phase delay φ of variable phase shifter 63 is relatively-90 ° the time, wave beam 1 departs from antenna array normal direction certain angle, wave beam 2 is about antenna array normal and wave beam 1 mirror image;
3., shown in Fig. 7 (c), when the phase delay φ of variable phase shifter 63 is relative 0 °, wave beam 1 is a difference beam, point to and overlap with the sensing of antenna array normal the zero point of this difference beam directional diagram, wave beam 2 is one and wave beam, and the sensing of this and beam pattern overlaps with the direction of antenna array normal;
4., shown in Fig. 7 (d), when the phase delay φ of variable phase shifter 63 is relative 90 °, wave beam 1 departs from antenna array normal direction certain angle, but the situation of offset direction when being relative-90 ° with φ is just opposite, and wave beam 2 is about antenna array normal and wave beam 1 mirror image;
5., shown in Fig. 7 (e), when the phase delay φ of variable phase shifter 63 is relative 180 °, wave beam 1 is one and wave beam, the sensing of this and beam pattern overlaps with the sensing of antenna array normal, wave beam 2 is a difference beam, the sensing of this difference beam directional diagram overlaps with the direction of antenna array normal, and is just the same when wave beam 1 is relative-180 ° with wave beam 2 with φ.
(3), when the first and second 3dB electric bridges 45,46 when being 180 degree 3dB electric bridges simultaneously, can form two wave beams simultaneously, difference according to variable phase shifter 63 phase delays, there are 5 kinds of typical case in its beam varies, as shown in Figure 8, dotted line is depicted as wave beam 1 among the figure, gained wave beam corresponding to from input port 81 input signals the time; Solid line is depicted as wave beam 2, gained wave beam corresponding to from input port 82 input signals the time.
1., shown in Fig. 8 (a), when the phase delay φ of variable phase shifter 63 is relatively-180 ° the time, wave beam 1 departs from antenna array normal direction certain angle, wave beam 2 is about antenna array normal and wave beam 1 mirror image;
2., shown in Fig. 8 (b), when the phase delay φ of variable phase shifter 63 is relative-90 °, wave beam 1 is one and wave beam, the sensing of this and beam pattern overlaps with the sensing of antenna array normal, wave beam 2 also is one and wave beam, and the sensing of this and beam pattern also overlaps with the direction of antenna array normal;
3., shown in Fig. 8 (c), when the phase delay φ of variable phase shifter 63 is relative 0 °, wave beam 1 departs from antenna array normal direction certain angle, but the situation of offset direction when being relative-180 ° with φ is just opposite, and wave beam 2 is about antenna array normal and wave beam 1 mirror image;
4., shown in Fig. 8 (d), when the phase delay φ of variable phase shifter 63 is relative 90 °, wave beam 1 is one and wave beam, the sensing of this and beam pattern overlaps with the sensing of antenna array normal, wave beam 2 also is one and wave beam, and the sensing of this and beam pattern also overlaps with the direction of antenna array normal;
5., shown in Fig. 8 (e), when the phase delay φ of variable phase shifter 63 is relative 180 °, wave beam 1 departs from antenna array normal direction certain angle, and wave beam 2 is about antenna array normal and wave beam 1 mirror image, and is just the same when wave beam 1 is relative-180 ° with wave beam 2 with φ.
(4), when the 2nd 3dB electric bridge 45 be that 180 degree 3dB electric bridges and 3dB electric bridges 46 are when being 90 degree 3dB electric bridges, can form two wave beams simultaneously, difference according to variable phase shifter 63 phase delays, there are 5 kinds of typical case in its beam varies, as shown in Figure 9, dotted line is depicted as wave beam 1 among the figure, gained wave beam corresponding to from input port 81 input signals the time; Solid line is depicted as wave beam 2, gained wave beam corresponding to from input port 82 input signals the time.
1., shown in Fig. 9 (a), when the phase delay φ of variable phase shifter 63 is relative-180 °, wave beam 1 is one and wave beam, the sensing of this and beam pattern overlaps with the sensing of antenna array normal, wave beam 2 also is one and wave beam, and the sensing of this and beam pattern also overlaps with the direction of antenna array normal;
2., shown in Fig. 9 (b), when the phase delay φ of variable phase shifter 63 is relatively-90 ° the time, wave beam 1 departs from antenna array normal direction certain angle, wave beam 2 is about antenna array normal and wave beam 1 mirror image;
3., shown in Fig. 9 (c), when the phase delay φ of variable phase shifter 63 is relative 0 °, wave beam 1 is one and wave beam, the sensing of this and beam pattern overlaps with the sensing of antenna array normal, wave beam 2 also is one and wave beam, and the sensing of this and beam pattern also overlaps with the direction of antenna array normal;
4., shown in Fig. 9 (d), when the phase delay φ of variable phase shifter 63 is relative 90 °, wave beam 1 departs from antenna array normal direction certain angle, but the situation of offset direction when being relative-90 ° with φ is just opposite, and wave beam 2 is about antenna array normal and wave beam 1 mirror image;
5., shown in Fig. 9 (e), when the phase delay φ of variable phase shifter 63 is relative 180 °, wave beam 1 is one and wave beam, the sensing of this and beam pattern overlaps with the sensing of antenna array normal, wave beam 2 also is one and wave beam, the sensing of this and beam pattern also overlaps with the direction of antenna array normal, and is just the same when wave beam 1 is relative-180 ° with wave beam 2 with φ.
Thus, the beam-forming network of realizing according to above-mentioned design principle can form two wave beams, and the beamwidth of two wave beams and beam position are all variable, satisfies variation day by day, complicated present mobile communication applied environment fully.
Claims (11)
1, a kind of beam-forming network with variable beamwidth is characterized in that comprising:
Aerial array comprises a plurality of bay row;
The butler matrix network, in order to produce the different wave beams that point to, its output signal is coupled to each corresponding in described aerial array corresponding antenna arrays unit and lists;
Hybrid network, synchronization is accepted any one tunnel input of two paths of signals, behind phase modulation, provide signal to export the butler matrix network to, input to the signal of butler matrix network, and then correspondingly change the feed amplitude and the phase place of the signal of aerial array in order to change.
2, the beam-forming network with variable beamwidth according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described hybrid network comprises a 3db electric bridge, variable phase shifter, the 2nd 3db electric bridge, first power splitter, second power splitter and first fixed phase shifter and second fixed phase shifter:
The one 3db electric bridge, synchronization are accepted any one tunnel input of two paths of signals, and this conversion of signals is the two paths of signals output that differs a phase bit;
Variable phase shifter, any one tunnel output signal of accepting a 3db electric bridge carry out after the phase shift inputing to described the 2nd 3db electric bridge with another road output signal of a 3db electric bridge;
The 2nd 3db electric bridge, accept two paths of signals input after, every road signal all is converted to the signal that differs a phase bit, the signal after two paths of signals is changed separately carry out in twos vector superposed after, export first and second power splitters respectively to;
After first and second power splitter acknowledge(ment) signal input signal is divided into two, form the output of four road signals altogether, and the road signal that is output separately of two power splitters carries out phase shift by described first and second fixed phase shifters respectively.
3, the beam-forming network with variable beamwidth according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the phase shift amplitude of described first and second fixed phase shifters is 180 degree.
4, the beam-forming network with variable beamwidth according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the output work proportion by subtraction of described first and second power splitters is 1: n, n are any real number more than or equal to 1.
5, the beam-forming network with variable beamwidth according to claim 2 is characterized in that: it is that relative-180 degree are between+180 degree that the phase delay of the variable phase shifter in the described hybrid network changes range of variables.
6, according to any described beam-forming network with variable beamwidth of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: described the 2nd 3db electric bridge is 90 degree 3db electric bridges.
7, according to any described beam-forming network with variable beamwidth of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: described the 2nd 3db electric bridge is 180 degree 3db electric bridges.
8, the beam-forming network with variable beamwidth according to claim 6 is characterized in that: a described 3db electric bridge is 90 degree 3db electric bridges.
9, the beam-forming network with variable beamwidth according to claim 7 is characterized in that: a described 3db electric bridge is 90 degree 3db electric bridges.
10, the beam-forming network with variable beamwidth according to claim 6 is characterized in that: a described 3db electric bridge is 180 degree 3db electric bridges.
11, the beam-forming network with variable beamwidth according to claim 7 is characterized in that: a described 3db electric bridge is 180 degree 3db electric bridges.
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