CN1921282A - Drive control device for a piezoelectric actuator, electronic device, and drive control method for a piezoelectric actuator - Google Patents
Drive control device for a piezoelectric actuator, electronic device, and drive control method for a piezoelectric actuator Download PDFInfo
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- CN1921282A CN1921282A CN 200610115974 CN200610115974A CN1921282A CN 1921282 A CN1921282 A CN 1921282A CN 200610115974 CN200610115974 CN 200610115974 CN 200610115974 A CN200610115974 A CN 200610115974A CN 1921282 A CN1921282 A CN 1921282A
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Abstract
A piezoelectric actuator drive control device, electronic device, and piezoelectric actuator drive control method simplify the arrangement of the control circuitry, and enable easily controlling driving a driven body and piezoelectric actuator current. A PWM signal source outputs a variable pulse width control pulse signal B to change the ratio between the periods t-n and t-w when pulse width Nr and pulse width Wd are selected as the pulse width of the drive pulse signal I. This enables the drive control device to freely control the rotor speed and to freely control current flow to the piezoelectric actuator. This arrangement simplifies drive control and eliminates the difficulty of limiting the pulse width and frequency that occurs when directly controlling the drive signal pulse width and frequency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the drive controlling method of piezoelectric actuator drive control device, electronic equipment and piezo-activator.
Background technology
Since piezoelectric element to be converted to the conversion efficiency, response etc. of mechanical energy from electric energy good, so developed following piezo-activator in recent years, this piezo-activator possesses the vibrating body with piezoelectric element, and the transfer of vibration of this vibrating body is driven to driven members such as rotors.Can predict, the utilization of piezo-activator will obtain enlarging in various electronic equipments such as camera, printer, electronic watch, toy from now on.
Control in (speed control) working voltage variable amplitude type of drive (for example patent documentation 1) or PWM (pulse width modulation: type of drive (for example patent documentation 2) pulse width modulation) in the Current Control of this piezo-activator or the driving amount of driven member.
Patent documentation 1: Japanese kokai publication hei 4-222476 communique (paragraphs " 0011 ")
Patent documentation 2: Japanese kokai publication hei 4-133667 communique (Fig. 1)
But in the voltage amplitude variable drive mode of patent documentation 1, owing to directly control voltage, so heating easily such as transistor, circuit efficiency reduces becomes problem.
In addition, in the PWM of patent documentation 2 type of drive, for the pulse duration of the drive pulse signal that makes piezo-activator variable, need the much higher reference pulse signal of frequency ratio drive pulse signal, so cause circuital current to increase, simultaneously, the degree of difficulty height that circuit constitutes.Be easy to generate perforation electric current in the drive circuit of the piezo-activator especially small-sized, that frequency is very high, the switching efficiency step-down.
That is, in these type of drive, because the problems referred to above are difficult to utilize simple circuit configuration to come free Control current value and driving amount.
At first, usually use resonance frequency in the piezo-activator, be difficult to that driving frequency is controlled at resonance point or in the very near narrow scope of resonance point (for example scope of 1kHz).
Phase difference when in addition, the curve of Figure 25 illustrates driving frequency scanning, the rotating speed (driving amount) of rotor, the variation of current value.From the corresponding relation of the driving frequency shown in this curve and current value and rotor speed (driving condition) as can be known, be difficult to control the rotating speed of rotor or the current value of piezo-activator by the controlling and driving frequency, if will realize above-mentioned control, then can not avoid the complicated of circuit structure.
And, under the type of drive of PWM shown in Figure 26, the situation of the pulse duration (scanning duty ratio) of scanning drive signal.At this moment, according to the relation of the pulse duration of drive signal and current value and rotor speed (driving condition) as can be known, be not easy to carry out drive controlling.Think that this is because variable by the pulse duration that makes drive signal, make drive frequency variations, result and direct controlling and driving frequency shown in Figure 25 are much the same, also very difficultly control the rotating speed of rotor and the current value of piezo-activator by the control impuls width.In addition, even if can realize, the circuit structure of driving control device also can complicate.
Summary of the invention
In view of this problem, the object of the present invention is to provide the drive controlling method of piezoelectric actuator drive control device, electronic equipment and piezo-activator, can in the structure of circuit that simplify to carry out drive controlling etc., easily control the driving amount of driven member and the current value of piezo-activator.
Piezoelectric actuator drive control device of the present invention, this piezo-activator possesses vibrating body, this vibrating body has piezoelectric element, by providing drive pulse signal to vibrate to this piezoelectric element, the vibration of described vibrating body is passed to driven member, it is characterized in that, this piezoelectric actuator drive control device possesses the pulse duration selected cell, they are from predefined a plurality of setting pulse durations, the pulse duration that selection makes described drive pulse signal when being the frequency of constant, switch, in described a plurality of setting pulse durations, comprise the 1st pulse duration that the either party in described driven member and the described piezo-activator is made as the 1st driving condition, with the 2nd pulse duration that described driven member and the either party in the described piezo-activator is made as 2nd driving condition different with described the 1st driving condition, utilize described pulse duration selected cell, make certain during in ratio during selecting with the 2nd pulse duration of selecting described the 2nd pulse duration during selecting the 1st pulse duration of described the 1st pulse duration to select variable.
According to the present invention, set the 1st pulse duration, the 2nd pulse duration that the either party in driven member and the described piezo-activator is made as the 1st driving condition, the 2nd driving condition in advance, with regard to these the 1st pulse durations, the 2nd pulse duration, establish certain during in the ratio of the 1st pulse duration during selecting with the 2nd pulse duration during selecting (below be also referred to as selection respectively set pulse duration during ratio etc.) variable.In the present invention, by possessing described pulse duration selected cell, can simplify the circuit structure of driving control device etc.Utilize the structure of this simplification, can freely control the current value in the piezo-activator and the driving amount of driven member.
Promptly, utilize the predetermined pulse width of drive signal determine to apply voltage during, come to determine the current value in the piezo-activator and the driving amount of driven member thus, but in the present invention, do not resemble the pulse duration of direct controlling and driving signal the PWM type of drive, and by establish select a plurality of pulse durations during ratio variable, make the current value that utilizes in the piezo-activator that each pulse duration realizes, the driving condition stabilisations such as driving amount of driven member, the driving condition that obtains expecting.
Thus, in the present invention, needn't be as the PWM type of drive of using D level amplifier, in order to make variable and the reference signal that frequency of utilization is higher than drive pulse signal of pulse duration.Therefore, but in low currentization, it is easy to design also transfiguration, the simplification of realization circuit structure etc.
In addition, in the present invention, owing to directly do not control voltage, so circuit efficiency does not reduce yet.
And, being made as the ratio during pulse duration is respectively set in variable selecting among the present invention, the present invention is because the not pulse width values and the frequency values of direct controlling and driving pulse signal, do not limit the pulse duration that is suitable for driving or the difficulty of frequency so do not exist.Being made as variable situation (with reference to Figure 26) etc. with pulsed D uty with drive signal compares, in the present invention, owing to the relation of electric current or rotating speed and controlled quentity controlled variable (be in the present invention select with the 2nd pulse duration during the 1st pulse duration is selected during ratio in during necessarily) can be made as substantial linear, so can make drive controlling become very easy.
In addition, in the drive controlling method of piezo-activator of the present invention, described piezo-activator possesses vibrating body, this vibrating body has piezoelectric element, by providing drive pulse signal to vibrate to this piezoelectric element, the vibration of described vibrating body is passed to driven member, it is characterized in that: from predefined a plurality of setting pulse durations, the pulse duration that selection makes described drive pulse signal when being the frequency of constant, switch, in described a plurality of setting pulse durations, comprise the 1st pulse duration that the either party in described driven member and the described piezo-activator is made as the 1st driving condition, with the 2nd pulse duration that described driven member and the either party in the described piezo-activator is made as 2nd driving condition different with described the 1st driving condition, make certain during in ratio during selecting with the 2nd pulse duration of selecting described the 2nd pulse duration during selecting the 1st pulse duration of described the 1st pulse duration to select variable.
According to the present invention, the same with described driving control device, since establish selection respectively set pulse duration during ratio variable, so the structure of control circuit that can be by this simplification etc. easily and freely controls the driving amount of driven member and the current value of piezo-activator.
In addition, with above-mentioned the same, realize the low currentization of circuit, the circuit design transfiguration is easy, and circuit efficiency does not reduce yet.
In piezoelectric actuator drive control device of the present invention, preferably in described a plurality of setting pulse durations, comprise the 3rd pulse duration, the 3rd pulse duration makes the either party in described driven member and the described piezo-activator be 3rd driving condition different with described the 2nd driving condition with described the 1st driving condition, utilize described pulse duration selected cell, switch described the 1st pulse duration and described the 3rd pulse duration in during certain, and switch described the 2nd pulse duration and described the 3rd pulse duration in during certain, make respectively certain during in described the 1st pulse duration select during with the 3rd pulse duration selection of described the 3rd pulse duration of selection during ratio, with certain during in the ratio of described the 2nd pulse duration during selecting with described the 3rd pulse duration during selecting variable.
In addition, in the drive controlling method of piezo-activator of the present invention, preferably in described a plurality of setting pulse durations, comprise the 3rd pulse duration, the 3rd pulse duration makes the either party in described driven member and the described piezo-activator be 3rd driving condition different with described the 2nd driving condition with described the 1st driving condition, switch described the 1st pulse duration and described the 3rd pulse duration in during certain, and switch described the 2nd pulse duration and described the 3rd pulse duration in during certain, make respectively certain during in described the 1st pulse duration select during with the 3rd pulse duration selection of described the 3rd pulse duration of selection during ratio, with certain during in the ratio of described the 2nd pulse duration during selecting with described the 3rd pulse duration during selecting variable.
According to these inventions, because the frequency of drive pulse signal is carried out 3 values, during the 1st pulse duration is selected and the 3rd pulse duration during selecting ratio and the 2nd pulse duration select during and the ratio of the 3rd pulse duration during selecting variable, so can improve resolution.Thus, can make drive characteristic further be similar to linearity, can carry out more suitable drive controlling.
In piezoelectric actuator drive control device of the present invention, preferably possesses control signal source to described pulse duration selected cell input control signal, described control signal utilizes a plurality of voltages to generate, and selects described setting pulse duration corresponding to the voltage of described control signal.
In addition, in the drive controlling method of piezo-activator of the present invention, preferably select described setting pulse duration corresponding to the corresponding voltage of the control signal of utilizing a plurality of voltages to generate.
According to these inventions, by being made as, control signal follows voltage pulse signal just etc., and make the pulse duration of this control signal variable, thereby make certain during in the 1st pulse duration of the drive pulse signal ratio during selecting with the 2nd pulse duration during selecting variable, so the structure of control circuit etc. becomes simple, in addition, but low currentization.
Here, as a plurality of voltages, except that low-voltage, high voltage,, then can make 1 signal output have 3 states if comprise high impedance status.
In piezoelectric actuator drive control device of the present invention, preferably possess: be connected in terminal of described piezoelectric element and the 1st switch element between the high voltage portion; Be connected in another terminal of described piezoelectric element and the 2nd switch element between the high voltage portion; Be connected in another terminal of described piezoelectric element and the 3rd switch element between the low-voltage portion; Be connected in terminal of described piezoelectric element and the 4th switch element between the low-voltage portion; Gate drivers with described the 1st～the 4th switch element of control, described gate drivers is by switching following two states, apply driven voltage to described piezoelectric element, wherein one of state is connected for making the 1st and the 4th switch element, the the 2nd and the 3rd switch element is disconnected, apply the electric charge of the 1st direction to described piezoelectric element, state two for the 1st and the 4th switch element is disconnected, the the 2nd and the 3rd switch element is connected, apply the electric charge of direction 2nd direction opposite with described the 1st direction to described piezoelectric element, described pulse duration setup unit is in order to suppress the perforation electric current that described the 1st switch element and the 4th switch element are switched on to a terminal of described piezoelectric element simultaneously, with suppress described the 2nd switch element and the 3rd switch element simultaneously to the perforation electric current of another terminal energising of described piezoelectric element, generate the dead band (dead time) in the cycle of inserting described drive pulse signal, make this dead band variable, so that described drive pulse signal becomes described setting pulse duration.
In addition, in the drive controlling method of piezo-activator of the present invention, the preferred setting: be connected in terminal of described piezoelectric element and the 1st switch element between the high voltage portion; Be connected in another terminal of described piezoelectric element and the 2nd switch element between the high voltage portion; Be connected in another terminal of described piezoelectric element and the 3rd switch element between the low-voltage portion; Be connected in terminal of described piezoelectric element and the 4th switch element between the low-voltage portion; Gate drivers with described the 1st～the 4th switch element of control, described gate drivers is by switching following two states, apply driven voltage to described piezoelectric element, wherein one of state is connected for making the 1st and the 4th switch element, the the 2nd and the 3rd switch element is disconnected, apply the electric charge of the 1st direction to described piezoelectric element, state two for the 1st and the 4th switch element is disconnected, the the 2nd and the 3rd switch element is connected, apply the electric charge of direction 2nd direction opposite with described the 1st direction to described piezoelectric element, in order to suppress the perforation electric current that described the 1st switch element and the 4th switch element are switched on to a terminal of described piezoelectric element simultaneously, with suppress described the 2nd switch element and the 3rd switch element simultaneously to the perforation electric current of another terminal energising of described piezoelectric element, when the dead band that generates in the cycle of inserting described drive pulse signal, generate this dead band changeably, so that described drive pulse signal becomes described setting pulse duration.
According to these inventions, by regulating the length in dead band, it is variable to realize that pulse duration with drive pulse signal is made as, and needn't be provided with separately pulse duration is made as variable structure.
In piezoelectric actuator drive control device of the present invention, preferred described vibrating body excitation is based on the elliptical vibration of the mixing of two vibration modes, and described drive signal is single-phase.
Here, with regard to the vibrating body of for example plane essentially rectangular, by provide along the resonance point in the flexible extensional vibration of the length direction of this vibrating body, with the flexural vibrations of carrying out bending with respect to described length direction in resonance point between the drive signal of frequency, realize the elliptical vibration in the part of this vibrating body.
According to the present invention, utilize elliptical vibration based on single-phase drive signal, but driven members such as high efficiency drive rotor, simultaneously, the situation of a plurality of drive signals different with using phase place is compared, and can simplify the structure of the circuit etc. of driving control device.
Electronic equipment of the present invention is characterised in that this electronic equipment possesses: piezo-activator; Driven member by this piezo-activator driving; With described piezoelectric actuator drive control device.
According to the present invention,, can enjoy and aforementioned the same effect and effect by possessing described piezoelectric actuator drive control device.That is, by adopting the driving control device of the present invention simple in structure of circuit etc., execution speed (torque) control freely, response, the precision of the action of raising equipment simultaneously, also can be improved quietness.
As electronic equipment of the present invention, but for example exemplary portable phone, computer, touchable toy, portable information terminal (PDA), camera etc.
Electronic equipment of the present invention is clock and watch preferably, and these clock and watch possess timing portion and the clocking information display part that shows by the clocking information of described timing portion timing.
According to the present invention, can drive gear that constitutes timing portion or clocking information display part etc. by piezo-activator.If utilize described piezo-activator of the present invention to wait to show hour, minute, second etc. by this gear, then the driving condition of driven member can be controlled to be constantly, can realize correct taking the needle.
In addition, be not limited to this formation about the moment, the timing portion and the clocking information display part of calendar informations such as day, the moon, week also can use piezo-activator.
In addition, can realize the advantage of piezo-activator, promptly be not subjected to effect of magnetic influence, response height, can carry out small feeding, help small-sized slimming, can realize high torque (HT) etc.
In addition, described piezoelectric actuator drive control device can be realized by hardware, but also can use control program to realize.
In this control program, as long as make the computer that is assembled in the described driving control device bring into play function as described pulse duration selected cell.
Constitute if so, then can realize the action effect the same with described driving control device, the formation that can simplify procedures is controlled the driving amount of driven member and the current value of piezo-activator easily.
Here, described control program can be installed in the computer through network etc., also can install through the storage medium of the embodied on computer readable of storing said program.
If this control program that is provided by communication units such as recording medium or internets etc. is installed in clock and watch or the portable equipment, then only just can realize function of described each invention by altering the procedure, when dispatching from the factory or the also optional control program of hoping of selecting a time of user install.At this moment, but because only by just different various clock and watch or the portable equipments of production control form that alter the procedure, so can realize commonization etc. of parts, the manufacturing cost when reducing module significantly and launching.
According to the present invention, can utilize will select certain during in respectively set pulse duration during ratio be made as variable easy structure, easily carry out the driving condition control of driven member and the control of the current value in the piezo-activator.
In addition, can simplify circuit structure etc., in addition, circuit efficiency be reduced, also realize low currentization.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the outside drawing of the clock and watch of the present invention's the 1st execution mode.
Fig. 2 is the stereogram of the piezo-activator unit of described execution mode.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of the piezo-activator unit of described execution mode.
Fig. 4 is the block diagram of structure of the piezoelectric actuator drive control device of the described execution mode of expression.
Fig. 5 is with regard to the vibrating body in the described execution mode, (A) is the curve chart of the relation of expression driving frequency and impedance, (B) is the curve chart of the relationship of amplitude of expression driving frequency and extensional vibration and flexural vibrations.
Fig. 6 is the sequential chart of the driving control device of described execution mode.
Fig. 7 is the figure of waveform of the drive pulse signal of the described execution mode of expression.
Fig. 8 is in the described execution mode of expression, the duty ratio of drive pulse signal, with rotor speed with flow through the curve chart of relation of the current value of piezoelectric element.
Fig. 9 is the structured flowchart of the piezoelectric actuator drive control device of expression the present invention the 2nd execution mode.
Figure 10 is the sequential chart of the driving control device in the described execution mode.
Figure 11 is the block diagram of structure of the driving control device of expression the present invention the 3rd execution mode.
Figure 12 is the block diagram of structure of the driving control device of expression the present invention the 4th execution mode.
Figure 13 is the block diagram of structure of the driving control device of expression the present invention the 5th execution mode.
Figure 14 is the block diagram of structure of the driving control device of expression the present invention the 6th execution mode.
Figure 15 is the summary construction diagram of the printer of the present invention's the 7th execution mode.
Figure 16 is the block diagram of structure of the driving control device of the described execution mode of expression.
Figure 17 is the output of the positioner in the described execution mode of expression and the sequential chart of rotor-position.
Figure 18 is the summary construction diagram of the printer of the present invention's the 1st variation.
Figure 19 is the summary construction diagram of the printer of the present invention's the 2nd variation.
Figure 20 is the stereogram of the piezo-activator of described variation.
Figure 21 is the vertical view of the piezo-activator of described variation.
Figure 22 is the block diagram of structure of the driving control device of the described variation of expression.
Figure 23 is the oscillogram of phase difference of the drive signal of the piezo-activator of expression in the described variation.
Figure 24 is the vertical view of the action of the piezo-activator in the described variation of expression.
The curve chart of the rotating speed (driving amount) of phase difference, rotor when Figure 25 is the frequency scanning of expression drive signal, the variation of current value.
Figure 26 is the curve chart of variation of rotating speed (driving amount), current value of rotor in pulse duration when scanning of expression drive signal.
Symbol description
1... electronic watch (electronic equipment); 2... movement (timing portion); 3... dial plate (clocking information display part); 4... hour hands (clocking information display part); 5... minute hand (clocking information display part); 6... second hand (clocking information display part); 7A... timing code table second hand (clocking information display part); 7B... timing code table minute hand (clocking information display part); 8... printer (electronic equipment); 20,120... piezo-activator; 20A, 120A... vibrating body; 22,121,122... piezoelectric element; 22A... terminal; 22B... terminal; 22C... terminal; 30... rotor (driven member); 50,50A～50G... driving control device; 52... pulse control circuit; 53... gate drivers; 66...PWM signal source (control signal source); 80B... rotating shaft (driven member); 551～558... switch; B... control wave (control signal); D1... the 1st driving condition; D2... the 2nd driving condition; D3... the 3rd driving condition; E... elliptical orbit roughly; I... drive pulse signal (drive signal); Nr... the 1st set pulse duration; Md... the 3rd set pulse duration; Wd... the 2nd set pulse duration; T... during certain; T-n... during the 1st pulse duration is selected; T-m... the 3rd set during the pulse duration selection; T-w... the 2nd set during the pulse duration selection.
Embodiment
[the 1st execution mode]
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing embodiments of the present invention are described.
In addition, as the execution mode of electronic equipment, illustration possesses the electronic watch of timing code table (chronograph) second hand that is driven by piezo-activator.
[1. overall structure]
Fig. 1 is the vertical view of the electronic watch 1 of expression present embodiment.Electronic watch 1 also possesses timing code table second hand 7A, the timing code table minute hand 7B of expression timing code table time except as the movement 2 of timing portion, usually as the dial plate 3 that is used to show clocking information display part constantly, hour hands 4, minute hand 5, the second hand 6.
[the 2. driving mechanism of timing code table second hand 7A]
The driving mechanism that drives timing code table second hand 7A possesses piezo-activator (supersonic motor) 20, driven by this piezo-activator 20 and rotation as the rotor 30 of driven member and to rotor 30 be rotated in deceleration the time train of reduction gears 40 transmitted.
Train of reduction gears 40 constitutes by the gear 41 that rotates integratedly with rotor 30 arranged coaxial and with rotor 30 with these gear 41 engagements and the gear 42 that is fixed on the rotating shaft of timing code table second hand 7A.
In addition, piezo-activator 20, rotor 30 and gear 41 are turned to piezo-activator unit 10 by the unit shown in Fig. 2,3.
[the 3. structure of piezo-activator unit]
Piezo-activator unit 10 possesses: be fixed in the supporting bracket 11 on the base plate etc. of electronic watch 1; Be fixed in the piezo-activator 20 on the supporting bracket 11; With the rotor 30 and the gear 41 that are assemblied on the supporting bracket 11 with rotating freely.
In addition, can come the rotation of detection of gear 41 by the rotation sensor 15 of the top that is disposed at gear 41.
For lightweight, supporting bracket 11 forms holes 12, and, be fixed on the base plate etc. by fixed parts such as screw 13.In addition, on supporting bracket 11, be fixed with the separator 14 that has assembled piezo-activator 20.
[the 4. structure of piezo-activator]
Piezo-activator 20 possesses vibrating body 20A shown in Fig. 2,3, this vibrating body 20A has the tabular stiffener of essentially rectangular 21 and is adhered to piezoelectric element 22 on two faces of stiffener 21.
In stiffener 21, form respectively to the side-prominent arm 23 of Width two in the length direction substantial middle, these arms 23 are fixed on the described separator 14 by Screw 24.In addition, stiffener 21 is formed by conductive metal, and arm 23 also is used as the electrode that applies drive pulse signal to piezoelectric element 22.
In an end of the length direction of stiffener 21, particularly be and rotor 30 opposed ends, form along the outstanding projection 25 of the length direction of stiffener 21 the side butt of projection 25 and rotor 30.This projection 25 is set the relative position with rotor 30, so that be connected on the outer peripheral face of rotor 30 with the power of regulation, by the suitable frictional force of generation between the side of projection 25 and rotor 30, the vibration of vibrating body 20A is delivered to rotor 30 efficiently.
In addition, in the present embodiment, on the outer peripheral face of rotor 30, form groove 31 (Fig. 2), dispose projection 25 in these groove 31 parts.Utilize this groove 31 to protect, so that the situation lower piezoelectric actuator 20 in electronic watch 1 whereabouts is applied in when impacting, projection 25 does not break away from the bearing surface of rotor 30.
It is tabular that piezoelectric element 22 forms essentially rectangular, is connected to the essentially rectangular part of 21 two faces of stiffener.On two faces of piezoelectric element 22, be formed with electrode by plating, sputter, evaporation etc.
In addition, on the face of stiffener 21 sides of piezoelectric element 22, form an electrode on this whole, through the stiffener 21 and the arm 23 that contact with this electrode, (Fig. 4) is electrically connected with driving control device 50.
In addition, on the face of the face side of piezoelectric element 22, as shown in Figure 3, be formed with the electrode that is divided into 5.That is, the electrode of the face side of piezoelectric element 22 by trisection roughly, forms drive electrode 221 by its central electrode along the Width of piezoelectric element 22.In addition, the electrode of the both sides of drive electrode 221 is roughly halved along the length direction of piezoelectric element 22, on the diagonal angle of piezoelectric element, is formed into right drive electrode 222 and drive electrode 223 respectively.
These drive electrodes 221,222,223 are connected on the driving control device 50 (with reference to P1 among Fig. 4～P3), apply voltage between these drive electrodes and stiffener 21 (among Fig. 4, with reference to N) by lead etc. respectively.In addition, for the power supply in the driving control device 50, set voltage between drive electrode 221 and the stiffener 21 and apply the voltage that the voltage between usefulness, drive electrode 222 and the stiffener 21 applies between usefulness, drive electrode 223 and the stiffener 21 and apply with these 3 power supplys.
In this electronic watch 1, (Fig. 4) provides single-phase drive pulse signal to piezo-activator 20 by driving control device 50, drives rotor 30 and makes its rotation.
Here,, optionally use the drive electrode 222,223 that is arranged in the piezoelectric element 22,, drive rotor 30 it is rotated along both direction corresponding to the vibration action of vibrating body 20A at this moment according to timing code table second hand 7A is rotated in the forward or counter-rotating.
Promptly, during at the positive movement that passes through vibrating body 20A and to forward drive, drive electrode 221 becomes the object that voltage applies with drive electrode 222, by the flexible vertically phase difference in composite mode of vibration and crooked secondary vibration once based on piezoelectric element 22, vibrating body 20A has encouraged elliptical vibration.Thus, the projection 25 of vibrating body 20A is described the roughly elliptical orbit E (Fig. 3) that the center line with respect to the length direction of piezoelectric element 22 tilts.A part of upper process 25 at this track E is pushed rotor 30, causes rotor 30 forwards ("+" direction among Fig. 3) rotation.
On the other hand, the rotor 30 that causes at reverse movement by vibrating body 20A to reverse driving the time, replace drive electrode 222, drive electrode 223 becomes the object that voltage applies, because drive electrode 222 and drive electrode 223 serve as that axle becomes the position of line symmetry to concern with the center line of the length direction of piezoelectric element 22, so the track of projection 25 becomes roughly elliptical orbit, this roughly elliptical orbit tilt rotor 30 reverse ("-" direction among Fig. 3) rotation symmetrically with substantial line when drive electrode 222 applies voltage.
By the rotation of this rotor 30, also rotate with the gear 41 of rotor 30 one, follow the rotation of gear 41, gear 42 rotations, timing code table second hand 7A forward or reverse driving.
The detection signal (vibration signal) of the vibrational state of expression vibrating body 20A, the drive electrode 223 through being not applied to drive signal when rotor 30 is just changeing detects, and when rotor 30 reversed, the drive electrode 222 through being not applied to drive signal detected.
[the 5. structure of the drive unit of piezo-activator]
Below, the structure of the driving control device 50 of piezo-activator 20 is described according to Fig. 4.
Among Fig. 4, driving control device 50 possesses: voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) 51; Constitute the pulse control circuit 52 that comprises the pulse duration selected cell; Gate drivers 53; Power supply 54; Switching circuit 55; Band pass filter (BPF) 56; Signal amplifier (AMP) 57; Phase difference detection unit 60; Controller 65; And as the pwm signal source 66 in control signal source.
Voltage-controlled oscillator 51 is corresponding to the voltage that applies, changeable frequency ground output is used to generate the oscillator of the reference pulse signal of drive pulse signal, switching by the switching circuit corresponding 55 with this reference pulse signal, the drive pulse signal that formation voltage replaces offers piezo-activator 20.Here, establish the frequency constant of reference pulse signal and drive pulse signal.
But the resonance point of the extensional vibration among the consideration vibrating body 20A and the resonance point of flexural vibrations wait to determine the frequency (driving frequency) of reference pulse signal and drive pulse signal.
The driving frequency shown in Fig. 5 (A) among the vibrating body 20A and the relation of impedance, the driving frequency shown in Fig. 5 (B) among the vibrating body 20A and the amplitude of extensional vibration and the relationship of amplitude of flexural vibrations.
Shown in Fig. 5 (A), with respect to driving frequency, the resonance point that two point impedance are minimum, amplitude is maximum appears, and its medium frequency is low is the resonance point of extensional vibration, high is the resonance point of flexural vibrations.
That is,, then guaranteed extensional vibration and flexural vibrations both sides' amplitude, piezo-activator 20 high efficiency drive if drive vibrating body 20A with the frequency between the crooked syntony frequency f r2 of vertical resonance frequency fr1 of extensional vibration and flexural vibrations.In addition, by making vertical resonance frequency fr1 and crooked syntony frequency f r2 closer to each other, can set the bigger driving frequency of amplitude of extensional vibration and flexural vibrations.
Get back to Fig. 4, pulse control circuit 52 be to reference pulse signal generate the dead band, and output appended the circuit of the reference pulse signal in this dead band.This pulse control circuit 52 has: dead band generative circuit 521, and its generation is used to control the switching timing of switching circuit 55 described later, suppresses the dead band of perforation electric current; Just contrary rotation circuit 522 and current control circuit 523, the direction of rotation of its Switch Rotor 30, and export its command value; With current limit circuit 524, it inserts the dead band in the cycle of drive signal, the duty ratio of regulation drive signal.
Just contrary rotation circuit 522 is exported the command value of the direction of rotation of Switch Rotor 30 according to control signal to the 2nd gate drivers 53B.Particularly, when rotor 30 positive rotation, export the command value that corresponds respectively to drive electrode 221,222 to the 2nd gate drivers 53B, when rotor 30 contrary rotations, selection corresponds respectively to the signal of drive electrode 221,223, outputs to the 2nd gate drivers 53B.
This pulse control circuit 52 is by inserting the dead band in the specified period of reference pulse signal, make the pulse duration of reference pulse signal variable, will be chosen as the pulse duration of reference pulse signal as the 1st pulse duration of predefined a plurality of setting pulse durations, the either party of the 2nd pulse duration.Thus, the pulse duration of drive pulse signal also becomes the either party in the 1st pulse duration, the 2nd pulse duration.
Here, the 1st pulse duration, the 2nd pulse duration make rotor 30 be respectively the 1st driving condition, the 2nd driving condition under the drive condition of regulation.To this, relate among above-mentioned Figure 26 of pulse duration scanning of drive pulse signal and be shown the 1st driving condition d1, the 2nd driving condition d2.
The 1st driving condition d1 of so-called rotor 30 is near the driving condition of the low speed rotation of rotating speed 625rpm in the present embodiment, and the pulse duration according to drive signal at this moment is set at 12.5% for the 1st pulse duration with duty ratio.
On the other hand, the 2nd driving condition d2 of rotor 30 is near the driving condition of the high speed rotating of rotating speed 2400rpm in the present embodiment, and the pulse duration according to drive signal at this moment is set at 95% for the 2nd pulse duration with duty ratio.
Here, in the present embodiment, respectively less, be chosen to be the 1st driving condition d1, the 2nd driving condition d2 of rotor 30 near the stable 625rpm of revolving property and the 2400rpm, but also the rotating speed in addition of rotor 30 can be chosen to be the 1st driving condition, the 2nd driving condition respectively with the change of the rotating speed of rotor 30.
In addition, in the present embodiment, set the 1st, the 2nd pulse duration according to the rotating speed of rotor 30, but also can stipulate the 1st driving condition, the 2nd driving condition, will realize that respectively the pulse duration of the drive signal of each current value is set at the 1st, the 2nd pulse duration corresponding to the current value in the piezo-activator 20.
In addition, the drive signal that is input to the 2nd gate drivers 53B from pulse control circuit 52 becomes voltage level is compared counter-rotating with the drive signal that is input to the 1st gate drivers 53A signal via inverter (NOT circuit) IV.
In the present embodiment, the 1st power supply 541, the 2nd power supply 542 that is only using when rotor 30 is just changeing that power supply 54 uses when rotating by rotor 30 is just contrary and the 3rd power supply 543 that only uses when rotor 30 reverses constitute, utilize these the 1st, the 2nd, the 3rd power supplys 541,542,543, apply the voltage of the potential difference between power vd D and the VSS or the supply voltage of the potential difference between power vd D and the GND to piezo-activator 20.
The 2nd gate drivers 53B is connected with just contrary rotation circuit 522, when rotor 30 is just changeing, and only driving switch 552,553 (P1 among Fig. 4) and switch 555,556 (P2).
Promptly, when rotor 30 is just changeing, owing to the 1st gate drivers 53A of driving switch 551,554, move according to the drive signal of reversing each other with the 2nd gate drivers 53B of driving switch 552,553 (P1) and switch 555,556 (P2), so identical P channel MOS-FET switch 551,552 is under the situation that a switch 551 is connected, another switch 552 disconnects.It is in addition, identical that the P channel MOS-FET switch 551,555 too.
In addition, same, N-channel MOS-FET switch 553,554 is under the situation that a switch 553 is connected, and another switch 554 disconnects (for N-channel MOS-FET switch 556,554 too).
And the switch 551,554 that is connected in series is under the situation that a side connects, and the opposing party disconnects.Equally, also under the situation that a side connects, the opposing party disconnects for switch 552,553 that is connected in series or switch 555,556.
These switches 551～554 (or switch 551,555,556,554) are by the 1st gate drivers 53A, the 2nd gate drivers 53B and piezoelectric element 22 bridge joints.Particularly, between terminal 22A of piezoelectric element 22 and VDD, be connected switch 551, between another terminal 22B of piezoelectric element 22 and VDD, be connected switch 552 (or switch 555), between another terminal 22B of piezoelectric element 22 and VSS or GND, be connected switch 553 (or switch 556), between terminal 22A of piezoelectric element 22 and VSS or GND, be connected switch 554.The switch 551～554 of these bridge joints and switch 551,555,556,554 constitute the 1st～the 4th switch element respectively.
The switching circuit that is constituted by the pair of switches on the diagonal angle that is positioned at this electric bridge 551,553 (or switch 551,556) and by another to the switching circuit that switch 552,554 (or switch 555,554) constitutes, alternately connected and disconnected control.Thus, will be converted to square-wave voltage alternately, put on the piezo-activator 20 by the regulation supply voltage that power supply 54 applies.That is, utilize the 1st power supply 541 and the 2nd power supply 542, between drive electrode 221,222 and stiffener 21 (Fig. 2), apply alternating voltage to piezoelectric element 22, rotor 30 is rotated in the forward.
On the other hand, when rotor 30 reversed, the 2nd gate drivers 53B is driving switch 555,556 (P2) not, and driving switch 557,558 (P3), switch 551,552,553,554 (or switch 551,557,558,554) and piezoelectric element 22 bridge joints.Particularly, between terminal 22A of piezoelectric element 22 and VDD, be connected switch 551, between another terminal 22B of piezoelectric element 22 and VDD, be connected switch 552 (or switch 557), between another terminal 22B of piezoelectric element 22 and VSS or GND, be connected switch 553 (or switch 558), between terminal 22A of piezoelectric element 22 and VSS or GND, be connected switch 554.The switch 551,552,553,554 and the switch 551,557,558,554 of these bridge joints constitute the 1st～the 4th switch element respectively.
The switching circuit that is constituted by the pair of switches on the diagonal angle that is positioned at this electric bridge 551,553 (with switch 551,558) and alternately connected by the switching circuit that switch 554,552 (or switch 554,557) constitutes and to disconnect control.That is, utilize the 1st power supply 541 and the 3rd power supply 543, between drive electrode 221,223 and stiffener 21 (Fig. 2), apply alternating voltage, rotor 30 counter-rotatings to piezoelectric element 22.
Here, when the connection of switching each switch 551～558 disconnected, switch 551,554 that is connected in series and switch 552,553 (or switch 555,556 and switch 557,558) then can flow through perforation electric current if connect simultaneously.This perforation electric current is not owing to be used for the drive actions of piezo-activator 20, thus become the power consumption waste, and, become the reason of the sintering etc. of switch element.Therefore, pulse control circuit 52 is connected another switch by after disconnecting through the stipulated time (dead band) from a switch, prevents perforation electric current.
Band pass filter (unimodal filter) the 56th only makes according to the vibrational state of piezo-activator 20 and the detection signal that is contained in the frequency in the assigned frequency scope in the detected detection signal passes through, and makes the filter of the signal attenuation of frequency in addition.
In addition, corresponding to the just commentaries on classics reverse of rotor 30, the side (with reference to P2, the P3 of Fig. 5) by not being provided drive signal in the drive electrode 222,223 detects detection signal.Here, current potential with arm 23 (N among Fig. 5) is a reference signal, the current potential of the current potential by drive electrode 222 and the poor or drive electrode 223 of this reference signal and reference signal poor, promptly the differential wave of drive electrode 222,223 and arm 23 detects detection signal.
The detection signal that has passed through band pass filter 56 is amplified by signal amplifier 57, by the threshold ratio of comparator and regulation, after 2 values, outputs to phase shifter 62.
Phase difference detection unit 60 possesses phase controller 61, phase shifter 62, phase comparator 63 and low pass filter (LPF) 64.
According to above phase difference detection unit 60, through low pass filter 64 will be by the difference of the phase place of the phase place of the detection signal after phase shifter 62 phase shifts and drive signal, promptly the deviation (size) with target phase difference outputs to controller 65.
This control wave via controller 65 outputs to pulse control circuit 52, corresponding to the height of the voltage of this control wave, is selected the pulse duration of the reference pulse signal of output by pulse control circuit 52.
[the 6. drive controlling of piezo-activator]
Below, the action of distinctive in the drive controlling of driving control device 50 of this structure, pwm signal source 66 and pulse control circuit 52 is described.
The signal waveform at A, the B in Fig. 6 difference presentation graphs 4, C, D, E, F, G, each position of H, the sequential chart that can be used as in the driving control device 50 comes reference.
Among Fig. 6, A represents from the reference pulse signal of voltage-controlled oscillator 51 output, here, the frequency constant of reference pulse signal A, in addition, the pulse duration of reference pulse signal A is and the much the same pulse duration of the 2nd pulse duration, constant.
In addition, among Fig. 6, B represents the control wave of 66 outputs from the pwm signal source.
The difference on the frequency of reference pulse signal A and control wave B is in fact big than shown in Figure 6, and with regard to the aspects such as low currentization in the driving control device 50, the frequency of control wave B is preferably about 1/20～1/100 of reference pulse signal A.
In addition, the pulse duration among Fig. 6 is only schematically illustrated in drawing, specifically illustrates the waveform of drive pulse signal I among Fig. 7.
Reference pulse signal A is imported into pulse control circuit 52, and in this pulse control circuit 52, pulse duration changes, and in each switch 551～558, connects disconnection control with the waveform that the C～F among Fig. 6 illustrates respectively.Promptly, be configured in the timing unanimity that switch (C and E (E2, E3 are also the same with E) among Fig. 4) on the diagonal angle of electric bridge or F and D (D2, D3 are also the same with D) connection separately disconnect, disconnect control by alternately these switches being connected, the drive pulse signal I that applies alternating voltage is offered piezo-activator 20, by stretching of piezoelectric element 22, vibrating body 20A vibration.
On the other hand, among Fig. 6, G represents to be input to the detection signal (vibration signal) of phase shifter 62, and H represents the output of phase shifter 62.
[selection of the pulse duration of 6-1. drive pulse signal]
To be input to pulse control circuit 52 from the reference pulse signal A of voltage-controlled oscillator 51 outputs, in this pulse control circuit 52, corresponding to 66 via controllers 65 are input to the voltage of the control wave B of pulse control circuit 52 from the pwm signal source, the either party in the 1st pulse duration, the 2nd pulse duration is selected, switched to the pulse duration of reference pulse signal A.Accompany with it, the 1st pulse duration or the 2nd pulse duration are also selected, switched to the pulse duration of drive pulse signal I.
That is, as shown in Figure 6, when control wave B is Lo (voltage is low), select the 1st pulse duration (Nr (Narrow)), when control wave B is Hi (voltage height), select the 2nd pulse duration (Wd (Wide)).
When the pulse duration of drive pulse signal I is under the situation of the 2nd pulse duration (Wd) because the pulse duration of drive pulse signal I is wide, apply voltage during long, so big by the torque of pushing the rotor 30 that piezoelectric element 22 causes, rotor 30 high speed rotating.
On the other hand, when the pulse duration of drive pulse signal I is under the situation of the 1st pulse duration (Nr), because the pulse duration of drive pulse signal I is narrow, apply voltage during short, so it is little by the torque of pushing the rotor 30 that piezoelectric element 22 causes, rotor 30 by with friction of vibrating body 20A etc., low speed rotation.
Here, the switching of pulse duration is to utilize the setting in the dead band of the reference pulse signal A in the paired pulses control circuit 52 to carry out.Among Fig. 6, the dead band in drawing during not shown selection the 2nd pulse duration (Wd), but the dead band of in the pulse control circuit 52 reference pulse signal A being set is represented as the duty ratio of drive pulse signal I shown in Figure 7.
The waveform of drive pulse signal I when the 2nd pulse duration (Wd) is selected in Fig. 7 (A) expression, the waveform of the drive pulse signal I when the 1st pulse duration (Nr) is selected in Fig. 7 (B) expression.
Shown in Fig. 7 (A), when selecting the 2nd pulse duration (Wd), the duty ratio of drive pulse signal I is 95%, do not apply voltage be equivalent to 5% during determine by the dead band in the cycle that is inserted into reference pulse signal A by pulse control circuit 52.
On the other hand, shown in Fig. 7 (B), when selecting the 1st pulse duration (Nr), the duty ratio of drive pulse signal I is 12.5%, do not apply voltage be equivalent to 87.5% during determine by the dead band in the cycle that is inserted into reference pulse signal A by pulse control circuit 52.Like this, when selecting the 1st pulse duration (Nr), during to prevent perforation electric current required, grow, make during the non-energising of switch 551～558 elongatedly, realize the 1st pulse duration (Nr) by making the dead band.
[6-2. respectively sets the ratio during pulse duration is selected]
Below, the variable situation of ratio during each that the 1st pulse duration among the drive pulse signal I, the 2nd pulse duration be described selected.
As mentioned above, owing to make the pulse duration of control wave B variable, so shown in " 30% ", " 60% ", " 90% " among Fig. 6, change by the definite duty ratio of pulse duration (part of Hi).
In addition, because the state of Hi, the Lo of this control wave B corresponds respectively to the 2nd pulse duration (Wd), the 1st pulse duration (Nr) of drive pulse signal I, so be accompanied by the variation of the duty ratio of control wave B, during certain among the t, select as the pulse duration of drive pulse signal I the 2nd pulse duration (Wd) during t-w, with select the 1st pulse duration (Nr) during the ratio of t-n change.
Thus, in the driving of rotor 30, be the 1st driving condition d1 (low speed rotation) during be the 2nd driving condition d2 (high speed rotating) during ratio change, rotor 30 is driven under the stabilized state of the 1st driving condition d1 and the 2nd driving condition d2.
Here, Fig. 8 is the curve chart of relation of the current value of the rotating speed of the duty ratio of expression control wave B and rotor 30 and piezo-activator 20.
Can grasp from this curve chart, because the current value of the rotating speed of rotor 30 and piezo-activator 20 is with respect to the duty ratio substantial linear ground variation of control wave B, so can easily determine the duty ratio of this control wave B.
Promptly, the pass of comparing the pulse duration of rotor speed and current value and drive pulse signal is nonlinear situation, the control of the rotating speed that the situation of the pulse duration of scanning drive signal (Figure 26) can easier enforcement rotor 30 under the PWM mode and the current value of piezo-activator 20.That is,, can freely control the rotating speed (with the current value of piezo-activator 20) of rotor 30 by between 0～100, determining the duty ratio of control wave B arbitrarily.
[the 7. effect of present embodiment]
According to present embodiment, can obtain following effect.
(1) in the driving control device 50 of drive pressure electric actuator 20, preestablish the 1st pulse duration Nr, the 2nd pulse duration Wd that rotor 30 are made as the 1st driving condition d1, the 2nd driving condition d2, with regard to these the 1st pulse durations Nr, the 2nd pulse duration Wd, the ratio of t-n, t-w is variable during selecting among the t during certain.The driving control device 50 of present embodiment possesses pulse duration dead band generative circuit (pulse duration selected cell) 52, thereby can constitute control circuit simply.Utilize this simple structure, can freely control the driving amount of rotor 30.Thus, can improve action response, the precision of the timing code table second hand 7A of piezo-activator 20 drivings.
Here, because the 2nd pulse duration Wd near the maximum of rotor 30 rotating speeds, by t-w ratio among the t during certain during increase selection the 2nd pulse duration Wd, thereby can drive rotor 30 efficiently.
(2) in addition, in the driving control device 50, only by make selection respectively set pulse duration during the ratio of t-n, t-w variable, the value of the value of the pulse duration of direct controlling and driving pulse signal I and frequency not is so be not difficult to limit pulse duration and the frequency that is suitable for driving.That is, by t-n between transfer period with during t-w ratio among the t during certain, can realize the drive characteristic of substantial linear, can carry out drive controlling easily.
In addition, in the present embodiment, not resembling needs the PWM type of drive of using D level amplifier frequency ratio in order to make the variable and high reference signal of drive pulse signal I used of pulse duration.Therefore, can when realizing low currentization, design also be become easily, the simplification of the structure of realization circuit etc.
And, in the present invention, owing to directly do not control voltage, so can not reduce circuit efficiency yet.
(3) in addition, variable by the pulse duration that makes control wave B, make select among the t during certain the 1st pulse duration Nr during t-n with select the 2nd pulse duration Wd during the ratio of t-w variable, so the circuit structure of driving control device 50 becomes simple, in addition, can realize low currentization.
(4) and, since driving control device 50 in, utilize phase shifter 62, phase comparator 63 to wait and implement the phase difference FEEDBACK CONTROL, so the current value of piezo-activator 20, the driving amount of rotor 30 can be controlled to be the value of expectation.
(5) driving frequency by making vibrating body 20A can increase the amplitude of extensional vibration and flexural vibrations between the resonance frequency of the resonance frequency of extensional vibration and flexural vibrations, and vibration efficiency is improved.
And under the situation of so utilizing resonance, the narrow range of driving frequency is difficult to the controlling and driving frequency, so control piezo-activators 20 by the driving control device 50 of present embodiment, the effect that obtains thus is remarkable.
In addition, driving control device 50 also can be widely used as the piezoelectric actuator drive control device of utilizing resonance except piezo-activator 20.
(6) in addition, usually the driver element of the hour hands 4 in the electronic watch 1, minute hand 5, second hand 6 etc. is a stepping motor, but this stepping motor can be replaced into piezo-activator 20, can realize the further slimming of electronic watch 1 thus, simultaneously, compare with stepping motor, piezo-activator 20 is not easy to be subjected to the influence of magnetic, so also can realize the high anti-magnetization of electronic watch 1.
[the 2nd execution mode]
Below, the 2nd execution mode of the present invention is described.
In the following description, to the additional same-sign of the structure the same, omit or simplified illustration with the execution mode that has illustrated.
Fig. 9 is the block diagram of structure of the driving control device 50A of the piezo-activator 20 of expression in the present embodiment.
In the driving control device 50 of described the 1st execution mode, select either party in the 1st pulse duration, the 2nd pulse duration as the pulse duration of drive pulse signal, but in the driving control device 50A of present embodiment, with control wave 3 values, select either party in the 1st pulse duration, the 2nd pulse duration, the 3rd pulse duration as the pulse duration of drive pulse signal, this point is different with the 1st execution mode.
In pulse control circuit 52, except the 1st pulse duration, the 2nd pulse duration, also set these 3 settings of the 3rd pulse duration pulse duration, with the either party's output reference pulse signal in these setting pulse durations for the roughly median between these the 1st pulse durations and the 2nd pulse duration.
Particularly, in the present embodiment, the 1st pulse duration is the same with the 1st execution mode with the 3rd pulse duration, and duty ratio is that the duty ratio of 12.5% and 95%, the 3 pulse duration is 50%.
Here, the 1st pulse duration as shown in figure 26, for making the 1st driving condition d1 of rotor 30 low speed rotation, the 2nd pulse duration is the 2nd driving condition d2 that makes rotor 30 high speed rotating, and the 3rd pulse duration is to make the 3rd driving condition d3 of rotor 30 with near the rotation of the high speed the 2100rpm.
Figure 10 is the sequential chart of the drive controlling of driving control device 50A.
In the present embodiment, the control signal B of pwm signal source 66 outputs has except Hi (voltage height), Lo (voltage is low) these 3 states of high impedance (Hiz).When this control signal B is Lo, the pulse duration of drive pulse signal I is selected the 1st pulse duration Nr (Narrow), when control signal B is Hiz, selects the 3rd pulse duration Md (Medium), when control signal B is Hi, select the 2nd pulse duration Wd (Wide).
In addition, control signal B can switch respectively between Lo and Hiz, Hiz and Hi.
The action of the driving control device 50A of present embodiment is described.
Among Figure 10, at first pwm signal source 66 is the 1st pattern M1, and control signal B is switched between Lo and Hiz.With regard to control signal B, (among Figure 10, be changed to after 30%, 60%) if reach more than 50% as the ratio during the Hiz among the t (Lo+Hiz) during certain, the 2nd pattern M2 is transferred in pwm signal source 66, and control signal B is switched between Hiz and Hi.Under the 2nd pattern M2, be illustrated as 30% during certain among the t (Hiz+Hi) as the ratio during the Hi.
By the switching controls of this control signal B, when the pattern of control signal B is the 1st pattern M1, select the 1st pulse duration Nr and the 3rd pulse duration Md as the pulse duration of drive pulse signal I respectively during the ratio of t-n, t-m variable.
In addition, when the pattern of control signal B is the 2nd pattern M2, select the 3rd pulse duration Md and the 2nd pulse duration Wd as the pulse duration of drive pulse signal I respectively during the ratio of t-m, t-w variable.
In addition, the duty ratio of control signal B shown in above-mentioned Fig. 8 in the present embodiment (here in each pattern of finger print formula M1, M2, ratio during the Hiz during certain among the t and ratio during the Hi among the t during certain), with the rotating speed of rotor 30, with the relation that flows through the current value of piezoelectric element 22.The rotating speed of rotor 30 and the current value that flows through piezo-activator 20 become substantial linear to change with respect to the duty ratio of control signal B, described in the present embodiment situation about controlling based on 3 values of the 1st～the 3rd pulse duration, compare based on the situation that 2 values of the 1st, the 2nd pulse duration are controlled like that with the 1st execution mode, can realize more being similar to linear drive characteristic.
According to present embodiment, except aforementioned effect, also be achieved as follows effect.
(7) pulse duration 3 values with drive pulse signal I are the 1st, the 2nd, the 3rd pulse duration, utilize the switching of control signal B, the ratio of t-w was variable respectively during t-m and the 2nd pulse duration were selected during the ratio of t-m and the 3rd pulse duration were selected during t-n and the 3rd pulse duration were selected during the 1st pulse duration was selected, so can improve resolution.Thus, can make drive characteristic further be similar to linearity, can carry out more suitable drive controlling.
(8) in addition,, adopt low-voltage, high voltage, these 3 states of high impedance status, so can make a signal output have 3 states as the signal condition of control signal B.
[the 3rd execution mode]
Below, with reference to Figure 11 the 3rd execution mode of the present invention is described.
In the 1st execution mode and the 2nd execution mode, execution comes the drive controlling of drive pressure electric actuator 20 with maximal efficiency, but drive controlling is by the driving amount of the driven member of piezo-activator 20 drivings adjustably in the present embodiment, and this point is different with described each execution mode.
Figure 11 represents the driving control device 50B of present embodiment.
Driving control device 50B also possesses except the structure of described driving control device 50 (Fig. 4): the current detector 71 that detects the electric current that flows through piezo-activator 20 parts; The current instruction value source 72 of output current command value; With current controller 73, this current controller 73 is according to the current instruction value of current detector 71 detected current values and 72 outputs from the current instruction value source, to pwm signal source 66 output control signals.
In addition, according to output signal, in pwm signal source 66, determine the pulse duration of control wave from current controller 73.That is, in the present embodiment, carry out FEEDBACK CONTROL based on the current value of piezo-activator 20.
In this present embodiment, except above-mentioned effect, also obtain following effect.(9) since the pulse duration of the control wave of pwm signal source 66 output can adjust according to the current value of piezo-activator 20, so can control the vibrational state of piezo-activator 20 by the adjustment of these pulse durations, thus driving amount of may command driven member (being rotating speed) etc. under the situation of rotor.Therefore, also can be with the drive source of piezo-activator 20 as the driven member that needs speed adjustment (speed control) or torque control.In addition, the control of the speed (or torque) by this piezo-activator 20 also can suppress when actuating force being delivered to gear 41,42, gear is engaged with each other and the sound that produces helps quietization.
In addition, can utilize the feedback of this current value to come drive controlling piezo-activator 20 stably.
[the 4th execution mode]
Below with reference to Figure 12 the 4th execution mode of the present invention is described.
In the present embodiment, utilize the unit different with the 3rd execution mode, with the much the same ground of the 3rd execution mode, drive controlling is as the rotating speed of the rotor of the driven member of piezo-activator 20 adjustably.
Figure 12 represents the driving control device 50C of present embodiment.
Driving control device 50C also possesses except the structure of described driving control device 50 (Fig. 4): the revolution detector 81 of the rotating speed of detection rotor; The rotary speed instruction value source 82 of output speed command value; With rotational speed governor 83, this rotational speed governor 83 is according to the rotary speed instruction value by revolution detector 81 detected rotating speeds and 82 outputs from rotary speed instruction value source, to pwm signal source 66 output control signals.
In this present embodiment, except the effect that described the 1st, the 2nd execution mode obtains, also obtain following effect.
(10) in described the 3rd execution mode, according to the current value that flows through piezo-activator 20, control is carried out in pwm signal source 66, but because piezo-activator 20 utilizes friction that rotor 30 is rotated driving, so might produce slip etc., worry only can produce some errors by the control of current value.On the contrary, according to the structure of present embodiment, owing to can directly detect the rotating speed of rotor 30 or gear 41, so can carry out drive controlling more accurately.
[the 5th execution mode]
Below, with reference to Figure 13 the 5th execution mode of the present invention is described.
The driving control device 50D of present embodiment made up the 3rd execution mode based on the drive controlling of current value and the drive controlling based on rotating speed of the 4th execution mode.
That is, driving control device 50D possesses current detector 71, current controller 73, revolution detector 81, rotary speed instruction value source 82, rotational speed governor 83.
Therefore, in the FEEDBACK CONTROL of present embodiment, will be made as major loop, will be made as time loop based on the control loop of current value based on the control loop of rotor speed.
In this present embodiment, except the effect that the described the 1st～4 each execution mode obtains, also obtain following effect.
(11) because basis is rotated the rotating speed and these two parameters of current value that flow through piezo-activator 20 of the rotor 30 of driving by piezo-activator 20, control the vibrational state in the piezo-activator 20, so can control the rotating speed (rotary speed) of rotor more accurately.
[the 6th execution mode]
Below, the 6th execution mode of the present invention is described.
Figure 14 represents the driving control device 50E of present embodiment.
Driving control device 50E does not possess described phase shifter, phase comparator, low pass filter etc., and the driving control device 50 of other structure and the 1st execution mode constitutes in the same manner.
In the present embodiment, do not carry out the phase control of described each execution mode, to be input to pulse control circuit 52 from the control wave B in pwm signal source 66 by via controller 65, make selection respectively set pulse duration during the ratio of t-n, t-w etc. variable, the current value of piezo-activator and the driving condition of rotor can be made as free position, these are different with described each execution mode.
According to present embodiment, obtain and the same effect of the described effect of the 1st, the 2nd execution mode.
In addition, can further simplify the circuit structure of driving control device.
[the 7th execution mode]
Below, the 7th execution mode of the present invention is described.In aforementioned each execution mode, the drive controlling that is assembled in the piezo-activator in the clock and watch has been described, but in the present embodiment, the drive controlling that is assembled in the piezo-activator in the printer has been described.
Figure 15 is the skeleton diagram of the printer 8 of present embodiment.Printer 8 possesses: the drawer type paper pallet 8A that takes in printing paper; Receive the output pallet 8B of the paper PP after printing; With the roller 80 that is arranged on housing 8C inside, formation paper feed unit.
The driving mechanism of drive roller 80 has the piezo-activator unit 10 shown in the 1st execution mode (Fig. 2, Fig. 3), and the actuating force of piezo-activator 20 is delivered to gear 80A on the rotating shaft that is fixed on roller 80.In the present embodiment, constitute train of reduction gears 40 ' by the gear in the piezo-activator unit 10 41 with gear 80A.
The same with aforementioned each execution mode, by optionally using the drive electrode 221,222,223 that is arranged in the piezoelectric element 22, bi-directional drive rotor 30 can be to forward and reverse both direction paper feeding.
The driving control device 50F of present embodiment shown in Figure 16 also implements the Position Control of rotor 30 except the drive controlling based on current value and rotating speed of driving control device 50D (Figure 13) execution of the 5th execution mode.
Driving control device 50F possesses: the position detector 91 of the position of detection rotor as the structure relevant with Position Control; The position command value source 92 of outgoing position command value; With the position command values of basis, to the positioner 93 of rotational speed governor 83 output control signals by the position of position detector 91 detected rotors and 92 inputs from position command value source.
Provide paper feeding amount from the printing indication informations of the outside input of printer 8 through not shown print drive control part to position command value source 92, position command value source 92 as command value, outputs to positioner 93 with this paper feeding amount.In not shown print drive control part, the paper feeding amount in the printing indication information is converted to the output valve (Count) of position detector 91.
In the present embodiment, will be input to positioner 93 from the command value in command value source, position 92 and position by position detector 91 detected rotors 30, positioner 93 will output to rotational speed governor 83 corresponding to the Position Control amount of these inputs.Afterwards, rotational speed governor 83 will output to current controller 73 with the Position Control amount of positioner 93 with by the corresponding spin rate control quantity of current controller 73 detected electric currents, and current controller 73 will output to pwm signal source 66 with spin rate control quantity with by the corresponding Current Control amount of current detector 71 detected electric currents.Pwm signal source 66 is input to controller 65 according to the Current Control amount of current controller 73 with control wave B.
Figure 17 illustrates the output (dotted line Figure 17) that outputs to the operation signal of controller 65 from positioner 93, as the example of the paper feeding control of the printer 8 of present embodiment.Among Figure 17, transverse axis is the response time that control has begun, and the longitudinal axis is the position of rotor 30.Shown in this curve chart, when having imported paper feeding amount command value (here for 60Count, the chain-dotted line of Figure 17), the output of positioner 93 (Duty%) is roughly maximum, along with rotor 30 from control starting position X
0Near target location X
2, the output of positioner 93 reduces, and makes rotor 30 stop at target location X
2
Here, by utilizing the position feedback of rotor 30, switch t-n, t-m during each of selection shown in Figure 10 the 1st pulse duration Nr, the 2nd pulse duration Md, the 3rd pulse duration Wd, t-w ratio among the t during certain corresponding to pattern M1, M2, thus the output of control position controller 93 changeably.
Specifically observe the output of this positioner 93 with the example of Figure 17, when the duty ratio before the control beginning is 0% a state when beginning the input instruction value, is about to duty ratio and is set at roughly 100%, high-speed starting piezo-activator 20.Afterwards, slowly duty ratio is reduced near 0%, the rotary speed of rotor 30 is become low speed, at target location X
2Near position X
1Reduce the inertia force of rotor 30, prevent vibration, make rotor 30 on this basis near position X this
1With for example duty ratio is about 10% to send the shift position, stops at target location X
2By implementing this speed control, can suppress the generation of the sound that the tooth of the gear 41 of piezo-activator unit 10 or the gear 80A of paper-feed roll 80 etc. is engaged with each other.
According to present embodiment, except the described effect of above-mentioned the 1st～the 5th execution mode, also can be achieved as follows effect.
(12) since according to being driven by piezo-activator 20 position of rotating speed, the rotor 30 of rotor rotated 30 and flow through these three parameters of current value of piezo-activator 20, control the vibrational state of piezo-activator 20, so can further implement the speed control of rotor 30 exactly.
(13) because driving control device 50F has realized speed control, so applicable to the paper advance mechanism of the printer 8 that requires positioning accuracy.In addition, owing to 10 slimmings of piezo-activator unit, miniaturization, circuit structure is simple, so realized the miniaturization and the cost degradation of printer.
(14) and, utilize drive controlling based on 3 values of the 1st～the 3rd pulse duration, drive characteristic further is similar to linearity, execution speed control more accurately is so in the response and positioning accuracy that improve paper feeding, also can improve quietness.
[variation of the present invention]
In addition, the invention is not restricted to above-mentioned execution mode, the distortion in the scope that can realize the object of the invention, improvement etc. all are contained among the present invention.
[the 1st variation]
In the respective embodiments described above, piezo-activator 20 is constituted piezo-activator unit 10, by being assembled in the rotor 30 in the unit 10, the rotation of gear 41, drive timing code table second hand 7A or paper-feed roll 80, but also can directly drive them by piezo-activator 20.
Figure 18 illustrates piezo-activator 20 is assembled in the printer 8, makes the example of side of rotating shaft 80B of the projection 25 direct butt rollers 80 of piezo-activator 20.Utilize the characteristic of the high torque (HT) of piezo-activator, also can directly drive without rotor 30 as described above or train of reduction gears 40 etc.In addition, aforesaid piezo-activator 20 is respectively to paste the 3-tier architecture of a piezoelectric element 22 on the table back of the body two sides of stiffener 21, but is not limited thereto, and also can only paste a piezoelectric element 22 on the single face of stiffener 21.In addition, have by use and to paste about 2～10 respectively or the piezo-activator of the vibrating body of the sandwich construction of the piezoelectric element 22 more than 10 on the table of stiffener 21 back of the body two sides, can realize higher torqueization, utilize this direct driving, become more suitable.Under the situation of this direct driving, because without gear etc., quietness improves.
[the 2nd variation]
Above example have the piezo-activator of planar rectangular shape vibrating body, and the structure of piezo-activator is not limited thereto, driving control device of the present invention and drive controlling method also are applicable to for example have the roughly piezo-activator of circular vibrating body.In the piezo-activator of the circular piezoelectric element of this use and since the electromechanical coupling factor of piezoelectric element than piezoelectric element is formed rectangle etc. have under the situation of shape of length direction big, so obtain comparing big output with size.
Figure 19 illustrates roughly circular piezo-activator 120 is assembled in example in the printer 8, and Figure 20, Figure 21 are stereogram, the vertical views of piezo-activator 120.Piezo-activator 120 is for central authorities have the circular of hole 120C, possesses the stacked vibrating body 120A of piezoelectric element 121,122 on the table back of the body two sides of stiffener 123.
For piezo-activator 120, as the zone that is provided drive signal respectively, be the boundary with equinoctial line L1 (Figure 21) along diameter with prescribed phases difference, be arranged to the 1st vibration area R1 and the 2nd vibration area R2 roughly semicircle respectively.
On the surface of piezoelectric element 121,122, in the 1st vibration area R1, the circular-arc drive electrode 251 be provided drive signal is set and than the more inner all sides of drive electrode 251, detect the detecting electrode 261 of the vibrational state of vibrating body 120A.On the other hand, in the 2nd vibration area R2, also clip equinoctial line L1 and drive electrode 251 and detecting electrode 261 lines symmetrically, be provided with drive electrode 252 and detecting electrode 262.
Among Figure 20, the piezoelectric element 122 of the rear side also piezoelectric element 121 with face side is the same, be provided with the 1st, the 2nd vibration area R1, R2, drive electrode 251 and detecting electrode 261 are set in the 1st vibration area R1, drive electrode 252 and detecting electrode 262 are set in the 2nd vibration area R2.In addition, the electrode of the electrode of piezoelectric element 22 sides and piezoelectric element 22 sides utilizes conductings each other such as lead.For example, in the rear side of drive electrode 251, configuration driven electrode 251 makes their conductings each other, and is all flexible simultaneously according to identical drive signals.
The lead 280,281,282,283 that these drive electrodes 251,252 and detecting electrode 261,262 utilize by hole 120C is connected on the driving control device 50G (Figure 22).
In the equinoctial line L1 of main body 1231 both end sides, form outstanding projection 1231A, 1231B respectively along equinoctial line L1, projection 1231A is connected on the side of rotating shaft 80B of paper-feed roll 80.At this moment, projection 1231A, 1231B are disposed on the normal to rotating shaft 80B periphery.
Figure 22 represents the structure of the driving control device 50G of this variation.Driving control device 50G constitutes, generate offer respectively drive electrode 251 and drive electrode 252, have two drive signals of phase difference each other, and this two drive signals are provided respectively, be provided with (terminal 22A) the 1st gate drivers 53A of being connected on the stiffener 123, be connected in (terminal 22B) the 2nd gate drivers 53B on the drive electrode 251, be connected in (terminal 22C) the 3rd gate drivers 53C on the drive electrode 252.On these the 1st, the 2nd, the 3rd gate drivers 53A, 53B, 53C, be respectively arranged with switch 551,554, switch 552,553, switch 555,556.In addition, the power supply 545,546 that is provided with when just the changeing of paper feeding and uses when reversing.
These switches 551～554 (or switch 551,555,556,554) are by the 1st gate drivers 53A, the 2nd gate drivers 53B and the 3rd gate drivers 53C, with piezoelectric element 121,122 bridge joints.Disconnect control to alternately connecting by the switching circuit of the pair of switches on the diagonal angle that is positioned at this electric bridge 551,553 (or switch 551,556) formation with by another switching circuit that switch 552,554 (or switch 555,554) is constituted.Thus, will be converted to square-wave voltage alternately, put on the piezo-activator 20 by the regulation supply voltage that power supply 54 applies.That is, utilize power supply 545,546, between drive electrode 251,252 and stiffener 123, apply alternating voltage, drive rotor 30 to piezoelectric element 121,122.
In addition, driving control device 50G possesses: the phase converter 522A that the phase place of the reference pulse signal that is input to the 3rd gate drivers 53C from pulse control circuit 52 is carried out phase shift; With when carrying out the vibration detection of piezo-activator 20, select the selector 58 of the side in detecting electrode 261 and the detecting electrode 262.
Other structure of driving control device 50G and the driving control device 50 of the 1st execution mode are much the same.
Here, will be input to the 1st gate drivers 53A from the signal former state of pulse control circuit 52 outputs, the signal after will voltage level being reversed by inverter IV is input to the 2nd gate drivers 53B.On the other hand, will be input to the 3rd gate drivers 53C through phase converter 522A from the signal of pulse control circuit 52, by phase converter 522A to phase place change predetermined angular from the signal of pulse control circuit 52 output.
The amount of phase shift of phase converter 522A is 90 ° in the present embodiment, is used to the control signal from just contrary rotation circuit 522, switches the positive and negative of this amount of phase shift.
If imported the command value of expression to the operation of positive direction paper feeding, it is that the control signal of positive direction is input to phase converter 522A and selector 58 that then just contrary rotation circuit 522 will make the direction of rotation of rotor 30, if imported the command value of expression to the operation of contrary direction paper feeding, it is that backward control signal is input to phase converter 522A and selector 58 that then just contrary rotation circuit 522 will make the direction of rotation of rotor 30.
Figure 23 (A) expression is timing, is input to the signal D1 and the signal D2 (+) that is input to the 3rd gate drivers 53C of the 1st, the 2nd gate drivers 53A, 53B when the direction of rotation of rotor 30, when the phase place of signal D1 was 0 °, the amount of phase shift of phase converter 522A was+90 °.
On the other hand, Figure 23 (B) expression when the direction of rotation of rotor 30 when negative, be input to the signal D1 of the 1st, the 2nd gate drivers 53A, 53B and be input to the signal D2 (-) of the 3rd gate drivers 53C, when the phase place of signal D1 was 0 °, the amount of phase shift of phase converter 522A was-90 °.
That is, provide between signal D1 and signal D2 (+or-)+the driving phase difference θ of 90 ° or-90 °, the oscillating movement of the 1st, the 2nd vibration area R1, R2 of piezo-activator 20 that is provided these signals D1, D2 is also based on this driving phase difference θ.
When the control signal of basis from just contrary rotation circuit 522 inputs, between the 1st, the 2nd vibration area R1, R2, when carrying out just commentaries on classics that the phase difference of the 1st vibration area R1 postpones, selector 58 outputs to band pass filter 56 from detecting electrode 261 with detection signal S1, when reverse that the phase difference that carries out the 2nd vibration area R2 postpones, selector 58 outputs to band pass filter 56 from detecting electrode 262 with detection signal S2.
Below, the action of piezo-activator 20 is described with reference to Figure 24.Piezo-activator 20 starts when paper feeding is instructed, and by driving control device 50G, provides drive signal D1, the D2 (+) with positive phase difference or the D1 with negative phase difference, D2 (-) (with reference to Figure 23) respectively to the 1st, the 2nd vibration area R1, R2.Thus, on the thickness direction of each piezoelectric element 121,122, produce electric field, piezoelectric element 121,122 is with as elastomeric stiffener 123, encouraged along with the direction of direction of an electric field quadrature, be the so-called breathing vibration of the radial expansion of piezoelectric element 121,122.The abdomen of this breathing vibration is the circumferential peripheral part integral body along vibrating body 120A.
Here, because drive signal D1, D2 (+or-) there is phase difference, thus shown in chain-dotted line, double dot dash line respectively among Fig. 9, the oscillating movement among oscillating movement among the 1st vibration area R1 and the 2nd vibration area R2 becomes asymmetric.
Utilize the phase difference of the breathing vibration between this 1st, the 2nd vibration area R1, R2, the center of circle O off-centre of the 1st, the 2nd vibration area R1, the relative piezo-activator 20 of R2.That is, utilize to the roughly bending displacement of the direction of quadrature of equinoctial line L1, as shown in figure 24, the position of the hole 120C of piezo-activator 20 central authorities is reciprocal in the equinoctial line L1 both sides by center of circle O.
Like this, piezo-activator 20 encourages under the mixed mode of breathing vibration and flexural vibrations, with the state vibration near resonance condition.
Here, when drive signal D1, the D2 (+) of positive phase difference are provided to the 1st, the 2nd vibration area R1, R2, promptly, when the leading drive signal D1 of phase place is provided in the 1st vibration area R1, when in the 2nd vibration area R2, providing the drive signal D2 (+) of phase lag, the oscillation trajectory of projection 1231A becomes among Figure 24+shown in, the roughly elliptoid track that tilts of equinoctial line L1 relatively.Intermittently drive rotor 30 along the tangential direction with this oscillation trajectory, projection 1231A carries out elliptic motion continuously with the driving frequency of regulation, thereby the rotating shaft 80B of paper-feed roll 80 rotates with fixing speed along forward.
On the contrary, when drive signal D1, the D2 (-) of negative phase difference are provided to the 1st, the 2nd vibration area R1, R2, promptly, when the drive signal that phase lag is provided in the 1st vibration area R1, when the leading drive signal of phase place is provided in the 2nd vibration area R2, the oscillation trajectory of projection 1231A as among Figure 24-shown in, become the direction that tilts with relative equinoctial line L1 for+the different roughly elliptoid track of track.Should-shown in track with described+shown in the relative equinoctial line L1 of track substantial line symmetry, and be reverse rotation each other.Thus, rotating shaft 80B is along counter-rotating.
Present embodiment also obtains the effect the same with the respective embodiments described above.
In addition, in the present embodiment, directly drive rotating shaft 80B, but be not limited thereto, also can with piezo-activator 120 and blocking such as rotor 30, train of reduction gears 40, actuating force be delivered to the gear that is arranged in the paper-feed roll 80 as the piezo-activator unit 10 of the 7th execution mode.In addition, the piezo-activator shown in the present embodiment 120 also can be used for the driving of the pointer in the electronic watch 1 shown in the 1st execution mode.
More than with regard to the drive controlling of piezo-activator of the present invention the various examples that are applicable to piezo-activator and electronic equipment are shown, but be not limited to situation shown in described each execution mode at the current value of the vibrational state of determining to select driving amount, regulation piezo-activator etc. as the driven member of the setting pulse duration time institute reference of the pulse duration of drive pulse signal.Thus, the concrete numerical value of the 1st pulse duration, the 2nd pulse duration, the 3rd pulse duration also is not limited to described each execution mode.
In addition, in described each execution mode, by make certain during among the t, select drive pulse signal respectively set pulse duration during the ratio of t-n, t-w etc. variable, thereby freely adjust the rotating speed (speed control) of rotor 30, even if but utilize the ratio of t-n, t-w etc. during respectively the setting pulse duration and select of this drive pulse signal, make drive conditions such as temperature or load change, when making the frequency variation that is suitable for driving etc., also piezo-activator can be remained on the vibrational state of regulation, in addition, driven member is remained on the driving condition of regulation.
And, with regard to the quantity of setting pulse duration, in described each execution mode, be 2 values or 3 values, carry out many-valuedization but also can study by the voltage level of the control signal that will export from the control signal source, pulse duration be will set and 4 values, 5 values etc. will be made as.
In addition, in described each execution mode, in the concrete formation of piezo-activator 20 or driving control device 50, constitute the formation of major part of the present invention, for example can when implementing, suitably determine the formation of voltage-controlled oscillator 51 or each switch 551～558 etc.
In addition, in described each execution mode, the pulse duration selected cell generates the dead band, but pulse duration selected cell and the unit that generates the dead band also can be by independently circuit or software wait and constitutes respectively.
In addition, the invention is not restricted to be applied to the electronic watch of described execution mode, can be applicable to various electronic equipments, be particularly useful for the mobile electronic apparatus of requirement miniaturization.
Here, as various electronic equipments, but example possesses phone, portable phone, contactless IC card, computer, portable information terminal (PDA), camera of clock function etc.
In addition, also applicable to the electronic equipments such as portable phone of the camera that does not possess clock function, digital camera, video camera, band camera-enabled.Under the situation that is applied to these electronic equipments that possess camera-enabled, can in the driving of the Focusing mechanism of camera lens or zoom mechanism, aperture adjusting mechanism etc., use driver element of the present invention.
And, also driver element of the present invention can be used for the driving mechanism, piezoelectric buzzer, the ink gun of printer, the paper advance mechanism of printer, the driving mechanism of taking toys such as toy or doll, supersonic motor etc. of gauge pointer of panel board (instrumental panel) of the driving mechanism, automobile etc. of the driving mechanism of gauge pointer of instrumentation equipment or touchable toy.
In addition, in described each execution mode, the moment that piezo-activator is used for electronic watch 1 shows the driving of pin (pointer), but is not limited thereto, and also can be used in the driving of date indication mechanism of electronic watch 1.
In addition, the kind of clock and watch is not limited to wrist-watch, also can apply the present invention to pocket-watch, pocket watch, desk clock etc.With regard to these various clock and watch, also can be used as the mechanism that for example drives cuckoo clock etc.
In above record, disclose and be used to implement optimum structure of the present invention, method etc., but the invention is not restricted to this.Promptly, the present invention has mainly carried out special diagram with regard to specific execution mode, and be illustrated, but in the scope that does not break away from technological thought of the present invention and purpose, those skilled in the art can carry out various distortion with regard to shape, material, quantity and other detailed structure to above-described execution mode.
Therefore, the record of above-mentioned disclosed qualification shape, material etc. is for easy to understand example record of the present invention, but be not used in qualification the present invention, so the record of the component names beyond part or all of the qualification of these shapes, material etc. limits is contained among the present invention.
Claims (11)
1, a kind of piezoelectric actuator drive control device, this piezo-activator possesses vibrating body, and this vibrating body has piezoelectric element, by providing drive pulse signal to vibrate to this piezoelectric element, the vibration of described vibrating body is passed to driven member, it is characterized in that
This piezoelectric actuator drive control device possesses the pulse duration selected cell, and this pulse duration selected cell is from predefined a plurality of setting pulse durations, and the pulse duration when to select to make described drive pulse signal be the frequency of constant is switched,
In described a plurality of setting pulse durations, comprise that to make described driven member and either party in the described piezo-activator be the 1st pulse duration of the 1st driving condition and be the 2nd pulse duration of 2nd driving condition different with described the 1st driving condition with either party in making described driven member and described piezo-activator
Utilize described pulse duration selected cell, make certain during in ratio during selecting with the 2nd pulse duration of selecting described the 2nd pulse duration during selecting the 1st pulse duration of described the 1st pulse duration to select variable.
2, piezoelectric actuator drive control device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Comprise the 3rd pulse duration in described a plurality of setting pulse durations, the 3rd pulse duration makes the either party in described driven member and the described piezo-activator be 3rd driving condition different with described the 2nd driving condition with described the 1st driving condition,
Utilize described pulse duration selected cell, switch described the 1st pulse duration and described the 3rd pulse duration in during certain, and described the 2nd pulse duration of switching and described the 3rd pulse duration in during necessarily,
Make respectively certain during in described the 1st pulse duration during selecting with the 3rd pulse duration of selecting described the 3rd pulse duration during selecting ratio and certain during in the ratio of described the 2nd pulse duration during selecting with the 3rd pulse duration of selecting described the 3rd pulse duration during selecting variable.
3, piezoelectric actuator drive control device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,
This driving control device possesses the control signal source, and it is to described pulse duration selected cell input control signal,
Described control signal utilizes a plurality of voltages to generate,
Described setting pulse duration is selected according to the voltage of described control signal.
4, according to each described piezoelectric actuator drive control device in the claim 1～3, it is characterized in that,
This driving control device possesses:
Be connected in terminal of described piezoelectric element and the 1st switch element between the high voltage portion;
Be connected in another terminal of described piezoelectric element and the 2nd switch element between the high voltage portion;
Be connected in another terminal of described piezoelectric element and the 3rd switch element between the low-voltage portion;
Be connected in terminal of described piezoelectric element and the 4th switch element between the low-voltage portion; And
Control the gate drivers of described the 1st～the 4th switch element,
Described gate drivers is by switching following two states, apply driven voltage to described piezoelectric element, wherein one of state is connected for making the 1st and the 4th switch element, the the 2nd and the 3rd switch element is disconnected, apply the electric charge of the 1st direction to described piezoelectric element, state two for the 1st and the 4th switch element is disconnected, the 2nd and the 3rd switch element is connected, apply electric charge with rightabout the 2nd direction of described the 1st direction to described piezoelectric element
Described pulse duration setup unit is in order to suppress the perforation electric current that described the 1st switch element and the 4th switch element are switched on to a terminal of described piezoelectric element simultaneously, with suppress described the 2nd switch element and the 3rd switch element simultaneously to the perforation electric current of another terminal energising of described piezoelectric element, generate the dead band in the cycle of inserting described drive pulse signal, make this dead band variable, so that described drive pulse signal becomes described setting pulse duration.
5, according to each described piezoelectric actuator drive control device in the claim 1～4, it is characterized in that,
Described vibrating body encourages the elliptical vibration based on the mixing of two vibration modes,
Described drive signal is single-phase.
6, a kind of electronic equipment is characterized in that, this electronic equipment possesses: piezo-activator; Driven member by this piezo-activator driving; And each described piezoelectric actuator drive control device in the claim 1～5.
7, electronic equipment according to claim 6 is characterized in that, this electronic equipment is clock and watch, and these clock and watch possess: timing portion: and clocking information display part, it shows the clocking information by the timing of described timing portion.
8, a kind of drive controlling method of piezo-activator, described piezo-activator possesses vibrating body, and this vibrating body has piezoelectric element, by providing drive pulse signal to vibrate to this piezoelectric element, the vibration of described vibrating body is passed to driven member, it is characterized in that
From predefined a plurality of setting pulse durations, the pulse duration when to select to make described drive pulse signal be the frequency of constant is switched,
In described a plurality of setting pulse durations, comprise that to make described driven member and either party in the described piezo-activator be the 1st pulse duration of the 1st driving condition and be the 2nd pulse duration of 2nd driving condition different with described the 1st driving condition with either party in making described driven member and described piezo-activator
Make certain during in ratio during selecting with the 2nd pulse duration of selecting described the 2nd pulse duration during selecting the 1st pulse duration of described the 1st pulse duration to select variable.
9, the drive controlling method of piezo-activator according to claim 8 is characterized in that,
Comprise the 3rd pulse duration in described a plurality of setting pulse durations, the 3rd pulse duration makes the either party in described driven member and the described piezo-activator be 3rd driving condition different with described the 2nd driving condition with described the 1st driving condition,
Switch described the 1st pulse duration and described the 3rd pulse duration in during certain, and switch described the 2nd pulse duration and described the 3rd pulse duration in during certain,
Make respectively certain during in described the 1st pulse duration during selecting with the 3rd pulse duration of selecting described the 3rd pulse duration during selecting ratio and certain during in the ratio of described the 2nd pulse duration during selecting with the 3rd pulse duration of selecting described the 3rd pulse duration during selecting variable.
10, according to Claim 8 or the drive controlling method of 9 described piezo-activators, it is characterized in that,
According to the corresponding voltage of the control signal of utilizing a plurality of voltages to generate, select described setting pulse duration.
11, according to Claim 8 the drive controlling method of each described piezo-activator is characterized in that～10,
This drive controlling method is provided with:
Be connected in terminal of described piezoelectric element and the 1st switch element between the high voltage portion;
Be connected in another terminal of described piezoelectric element and the 2nd switch element between the high voltage portion;
Be connected in another terminal of described piezoelectric element and the 3rd switch element between the low-voltage portion;
Be connected in terminal of described piezoelectric element and the 4th switch element between the low-voltage portion; And
Control the gate drivers of described the 1st～the 4th switch element,
Described gate drivers is by switching following two states, apply driven voltage to described piezoelectric element, wherein one of state is connected for making the 1st and the 4th switch element, the the 2nd and the 3rd switch element is disconnected, apply the electric charge of the 1st direction to described piezoelectric element, state two for the 1st and the 4th switch element is disconnected, the 2nd and the 3rd switch element is connected, apply electric charge with rightabout the 2nd direction of described the 1st direction to described piezoelectric element
In order to suppress the perforation electric current that described the 1st switch element and the 4th switch element are switched on to a terminal of described piezoelectric element simultaneously, with suppress described the 2nd switch element and the 3rd switch element simultaneously to the perforation electric current of another terminal energising of described piezoelectric element, when the dead band that generates in the cycle of inserting described drive pulse signal, generate this dead band changeably, so that described drive pulse signal becomes described setting pulse duration.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2005240013 | 2005-08-22 | ||
| JP2005240013 | 2005-08-22 | ||
| JP2006140248 | 2006-05-19 |
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| CN1921282A true CN1921282A (en) | 2007-02-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200610115974 Pending CN1921282A (en) | 2005-08-22 | 2006-08-22 | Drive control device for a piezoelectric actuator, electronic device, and drive control method for a piezoelectric actuator |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102742144A (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2012-10-17 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method for reducing the starting current of a polyphase machine operated by block commutation |
| CN102918761A (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2013-02-06 | 船井电机株式会社 | Drive apparatus for ultrasonic motor, and ultrasonic motor unit |
| CN103838133A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2014-06-04 | 伊塔瑞士钟表制造股份有限公司 | Mechanism for driving hands of electromechanical watch, provided with locking device |
| CN108136442A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2018-06-08 | 新日本无线株式会社 | Piezo actuator driving circuit |
| CN113014134A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-06-22 | 佳能株式会社 | Drive control apparatus, drive apparatus, and drive control method |
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2006
- 2006-08-22 CN CN 200610115974 patent/CN1921282A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102742144A (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2012-10-17 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method for reducing the starting current of a polyphase machine operated by block commutation |
| US8975837B2 (en) | 2010-02-10 | 2015-03-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for reducing the starting current of a multi-phase machine operated by block commutation |
| CN102742144B (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2015-08-05 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | For reducing the method for the starting current of the polyphase machine utilizing block commutation to run |
| CN102918761A (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2013-02-06 | 船井电机株式会社 | Drive apparatus for ultrasonic motor, and ultrasonic motor unit |
| CN102918761B (en) * | 2010-06-02 | 2015-09-16 | 船井电机株式会社 | The drive unit of ultrasonic motor and ultrasonic motor unit |
| CN103838133A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2014-06-04 | 伊塔瑞士钟表制造股份有限公司 | Mechanism for driving hands of electromechanical watch, provided with locking device |
| CN108136442A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2018-06-08 | 新日本无线株式会社 | Piezo actuator driving circuit |
| CN108136442B (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2019-08-23 | 新日本无线株式会社 | Piezo actuator driving circuit |
| CN113014134A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-06-22 | 佳能株式会社 | Drive control apparatus, drive apparatus, and drive control method |
| CN113014134B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2024-03-26 | 佳能株式会社 | Drive control apparatus, drive apparatus, and drive control method |
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