CN1917395B - Method of selecting array antenna - Google Patents

Method of selecting array antenna Download PDF

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CN1917395B
CN1917395B CN2005100908900A CN200510090890A CN1917395B CN 1917395 B CN1917395 B CN 1917395B CN 2005100908900 A CN2005100908900 A CN 2005100908900A CN 200510090890 A CN200510090890 A CN 200510090890A CN 1917395 B CN1917395 B CN 1917395B
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column vector
matrix
antenna
norm
channel transmission
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CN1917395A (en
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陆晓峰
许航
王强
王剑
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ZTE Corp
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Abstract

The method comprises: initializing, and selecting the vector with maximum norm from channel transmitting matrix; constructing a selected vector matrix, and calculating its pseudo-inverse; calculating the projection of the unselected vector in the channel transmitting matrix on the selected vector matrix; calculating the vertical component norm of the unselected vector in the channel transmitting matrix, and selecting the vector corresponding to maximum vertical component norm; if the maximum vertical component norm doesn't reach the threshold, then ending the process; otherwise, renewing the selected vector matrix, and renewing its pseudo-inverse; if all vectors in the channel transmitting matrix are processed, then ending the process.

Description

The method that a kind of array antenna is selected
Technical field
The present invention relates to the reception/lift-off technology of array antenna in a kind of digital radio communication, particularly be the method for the sky line options in a kind of multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) wireless telecommunication system.
Background technology
At moving communicating field, receive increasing concern in recent years with the efficient utilization of frequency, the multiple-input and multiple-output that rises to purpose (MIMO) The Application of Technology of communication quality.For MIMO wireless (MIMO) communication system, by on different antennae, launching separate signal simultaneously, be space multiplexing technique (Spatial Multiplexing), make full use of the disperse characteristic of space channel, both can realize the High Data Rate and the high spectrum utilization of mimo system.
For the traditional single output of single input (SISO) system, adopt a plurality of antennas at transmitting terminal and receiving terminal, can make mimo system under the prerequisite that does not increase extra bandwidth, obtain diversity gain and the spatial multiplexing gain more much higher than SISO system.Wherein, diversity gain also exists in SIMO and MISO system, but the spatial reuse gain but is the exclusive characteristics of mimo channel.By suitable signal processing when empty, can obtain diversity gain and spatial multiplexing gain simultaneously, but the advantage of space multiplexing technique is mainly reflected in the channel capacity of raising system, so the two is conflicting to a certain extent, needs to carry out balance in actual applications.The information theory capacity has disclosed mimo system can obtain huge capacity, but how near or reach the signal processing algorithm that theoretical capacity depends on receiver.The MIMO technology will successfully apply in the wireless communication system, must take all factors into consideration trading off between maximum data rates and maximum diversity gain, and transmitter carries out the self adaptation emissivities by feedback information.Be to realize maximum diversity gain and spatial multiplexing gain, perhaps realize diversity and multiplexing comprehensive, its a kind of solution is exactly to adopt a day line options at transmitting terminal and receiving terminal, according to channel information, utilizes the part antenna to reach the performance of optimum.
No matter be to adopt spatial reuse or diversity technique, the main problem that mimo system faces is how to reduce the complexity and the cost of system.Prior art proves, selects K≤M transmitting antenna may make power system capacity become big from M transmitting antenna, but the always total C of such selection M KPlant possible combination.Optimum selection way is exactly to all possible C M KPlant and be combined into line search, and calculate corresponding power system capacity one by one, with maximum that a kind of combination of capacity as final selection.But, when the antenna number increases, the required calculation resources of this system of selection is very many, realize very difficulty, because will may be combined into line search to all, but also to calculate corresponding determinant of a matrix, and on fixed-point processor, also to control the dynamic range in each step during computing, its amount of calculation is appreciable.For example, work as M=8, during K=4, will carry out at least C 8 4 = 70 Inferior search.
The Chinese patent of Royal Philips Electronics Co., Ltd: " in diversity system, selecting the method for subclass " from a plurality of antennas, inventor: A. dagger-axe Roc Hough, open day: on 02 16th, 2005, publication number: CN1582541A, the applying date: on October 24th, 2002, application number: CN02822041.2 has described a kind of method of selecting a subclass from antenna, this method is run the beginning jointly from a hypothesis set of antenna, from this hypothesis set, repeatedly remove antenna, make the capacity of removing the hypothesis set behind the antenna have maximum.But the shortcoming of this patent is: this method still needs in the hypothesis set all possible combination of antennas to be searched for and the computing system capacity at every turn, when the antenna number increases, this method still needs to calculate corresponding determinant of a matrix, and required calculation resources is bigger, realizes comparatively difficulty.
The Chinese patent of LG Electronics Inc.: " transmission diversity apparatus in the mobile communication system and method ", inventor: Huang Rentai, open day: on 02 09th, 2005, publication number: CN 1578192A, the applying date: 2004.7.8, application number: CN200410063629.7 has described a kind of antenna selecting method, and this method is used the forward channel feature that channel state estimator is assessed, and generates the information that is used for carrying out from many transmit antennas day line options.But the shortcoming of this method is: the antenna that uses this method to select can't guarantee the power system capacity maximum, and this method is based on the selected antenna of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) estimation of restituted signal, additionally increase the operand of estimated snr, and do not consider the isolation between space channel, select poor-performing.
Therefore, still there is defective in prior art, and awaits improving and development.
Summary of the invention
The method that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of array antenna to select, big in view of prior art sky line options technology operand, realize comparatively complicated, and do not consider isolation between space channel, select the weak point of poor-performing, a kind of antenna selecting method of layering is provided, can avoid a large amount of complex calculation such as determinant calculating, realize complexity, have higher selection performance simultaneously significantly to reduce.
Further purpose of the present invention provides a kind of technology of calculating emission side to recipient's Channel Transmission matrix H pseudoinverse, to be used for further carrying out input.
For reaching above purpose, the invention provides the method that a kind of array antenna is selected, it comprises step:
A, the column vector of norm maximum in the Channel Transmission matrix is chosen in initialization;
B constructs selected column vector matrix, and calculates its pseudoinverse;
C does not select the projection of column vector on selected column vector matrix in the calculating channel transmission matrix;
D does not select the vertical component norm of column vector in the calculating channel transmission matrix, and chooses the column vector of maximum vertical component norm correspondence;
E if the maximum vertical component norm is not more than threshold value, then constructs the pairing transmitting antenna of selected column vector matrix column vector as the combination of antennas that can make mimo system capacity maximum with being used in the Channel Transmission matrix, and method finishes; Otherwise continue;
F upgrades selected column vector matrix, and upgrades its pseudoinverse; If all column vectors of Channel Transmission matrix dispose, then with all transmitting antennas as the combination of antennas that can make mimo system capacity maximum, method finishes; Otherwise to described steps d.
Described method wherein, also comprises: the antenna number of establishing emission side is M, and recipient's antenna number is N, and emission side is H to recipient's Channel Transmission matrix, and satisfies 2≤M≤N, and emission side is H to recipient's Channel Transmission matrix N * M, matrix H N * MElement h IjBe transfer function from transmitting antenna j to reception antenna i, being initialized as among the described step a: i=1, k1=arg max j‖ h j‖ 2, h wherein jJ the column vector of expression H; K1=arg max j‖ h j‖ 2, be illustrated in a column vector selecting the norm maximum in M the column vector of H, and give k1 the row ordinal number of this column vector.
Described method wherein, also comprises: make H among the described step b iExpression is by [h K1..., h Ki] submatrix formed, be called selected column vector matrix, then H 1=h K1, and calculate its pseudoinverse ( H 1 ) + = ( h k 1 ) + = ( 1 / | | h k 1 | | 2 ) h k 1 H .
Described method wherein, also comprises: all remaining column vector h of difference calculating channel transmission matrix H among the described step c j, j ∈ 1 ..., M}, j ∉ { k 1 , k 2 , · · · , ki } , Be and do not select column vector, in selected column vector matrix H iOpen into projection components d on the space j=H i(H i) +h j, the wherein set formed by sequence number of { } expression.
Described method wherein, also comprises: do not select in the column vector at all in the described steps d and pick out at H iOn the normalization of vertical component norm after maximum column vector:
t＝argmax j(‖v j‖ 2/‖h j‖ 2)，v j＝h j-d j。
Described method, wherein, described method also comprises: in described step e, if (‖ v t‖ 2/ ‖ h t‖ 2)≤T, wherein T is a pre-set threshold, then flow process finishes; Otherwise continue to carry out described step f.
Described method, wherein, described method also comprises: in described step f, make i=i+1, and ki=t, upgrade selected column vector matrix H i=[h K1..., h Ki], and calculate its pseudoinverse:
( H i ) + = ( H i - 1 ) + - ( H i - 1 ) + h ki ( 1 / | | v ki | | 2 ) v ki H ( 1 / | | v ki | | 2 ) v ki H ,
If i=M then flow process finish; Otherwise return described steps d.
Described method, wherein, described method also comprises: the recipient carries out transmit power allocations according to the execution result of sky line options to selected antenna, adopts the constant power method of salary distribution.
Described method, wherein, described method also comprises: the recipient carries out transmit power allocations according to the execution result of sky line options to selected antenna, adopts selected antenna according to its corresponding h KiThe vector norm size is carried out power division in proportion.
Described method, wherein, described method also comprises: the recipient carries out transmit power allocations according to the execution result of sky line options to selected antenna, adopts according to each vertical component v KiNorm ‖ v after the normalization Ki‖ 2/ ‖ h Ki‖ 2Size selected antenna is carried out power division in proportion, wherein, v K1=h K1
The method that a kind of array antenna provided by the present invention is selected, owing to adopted tier antenna system of selection based on geometric projection, for the mimo system that M transmitting antenna arranged, need to calculate M-1 geometric projection at the most, can correctly select the combination of antennas that can make mimo system capacity maximum, compare with existing mimo system antenna selecting method, avoided a large amount of determinant calculating and all possible combination of antennas has been carried out global search, it is little to have operand, realizes simple obviously advantage.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the method for array antenna selection of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, will carry out comparatively detailed explanation to preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The method that array antenna of the present invention is selected is the antenna layered system of selection of a kind of MIMO, and wherein the antenna number of emission side is M, and recipient's antenna number is N, and emission side is H to recipient's Channel Transmission matrix, and satisfies 2≤M≤N, and described method comprises:
The first step, the column vector of norm maximum in the Channel Transmission matrix is chosen in initialization;
In second step, construct selected column vector matrix, and calculate its pseudoinverse;
In the 3rd step, do not select the projection of column vector on selected column vector matrix in the calculating channel transmission matrix;
In the 4th step, do not select the vertical component norm of column vector in the calculating channel transmission matrix, and choose the column vector of maximum vertical component norm correspondence;
In the 5th step, if the maximum vertical component norm is not more than threshold value, then method finishes; Otherwise to the 6th step;
In the 6th step, upgrade selected column vector matrix, and upgrade its pseudoinverse.If all column vectors of Channel Transmission matrix dispose, then method finishes; Otherwise to the 4th step.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, emission side is H to recipient's Channel Transmission matrix N * M, matrix H N * MElement h IjBe the transfer function from transmitting antenna j to reception antenna i, wherein the antenna number of emission side is M, and recipient's antenna number is N, and satisfies 2≤M≤N.
In above-mentioned steps one, the inventive method is carried out initialization: i=1, k1=arg max j‖ h j‖ 2, h wherein jJ the column vector of expression H; K1=arg max j‖ h j‖ 2, be illustrated in a column vector selecting the norm maximum in M the column vector of H, and give k1 the row ordinal number of this column vector.
In above-mentioned steps two, make H iExpression is by [h K1..., h Ki] submatrix formed, be called selected column vector matrix, then H 1=h K1, and calculate its pseudoinverse ( H 1 ) + = ( h k 1 ) + = ( 1 / | | h k 1 | | 2 ) h k 1 H .
In above-mentioned steps three, all remaining column vector h of difference calculating channel transmission matrix H j, j ∈ 1 ..., M}, j ∉ { k 1 , k 2 , · · · , ki } Be and do not select column vector, in selected column vector matrix matrix H iOpen into projection components d on the space j=H i(H i) +h j, the wherein set formed by sequence number of { } expression.
In above-mentioned steps four, do not select in the column vector at all and to pick out at H iOn the normalization of vertical component norm after maximum column vector:
t＝argmax j(‖v j‖ 2/‖h j‖ 2)，v j＝h j-d j。
In above-mentioned steps five, if (‖ v t‖ 2/ ‖ h t‖ 2)≤T, wherein T is a pre-set threshold, then this method finishes; Otherwise continued to carry out the 6th step.
In above-mentioned steps six, at first make i=i+1, next makes ki=t, upgrades selected column vector matrix H i=[h K1..., h Ki], and calculate its pseudoinverse:
( H i ) + = ( H i - 1 ) + - ( H i - 1 ) + h ki ( 1 / | | v ki | | 2 ) v ki H ( 1 / | | v ki | | 2 ) v ki H
If i=M then this method finish; Otherwise return step 4.
Execute above-mentioned steps, after promptly this method finished, the antenna number of choosing was i, and chooses the ordinal number of antenna to be respectively k1 ..., ki, selected column vector matrix is H i=[h K1..., h Ki], the pseudoinverse of selected column vector matrix is (H i) +, its row ordinal number is respectively k1 ..., ki.
The recipient can carry out transmit power allocations to selected antenna according to of the present invention day line options execution result, can adopt three kinds of power distribution methods in an embodiment: first kind, selected antenna constant power distributes; Second kind, because selected column vector matrix H iEach column vector corresponds respectively to selected antenna, so can be to selected antenna according to its corresponding h KiThe vector norm size is carried out power division in proportion; The third can be according to each vertical component v KiNorm ‖ v after the normalization Ki‖ 2/ ‖ h Ki‖ 2Size selected antenna is carried out power division in proportion, wherein, v K1=h K1
Tier antenna system of selection based on geometric projection disclosed in this invention, compare with traditional mimo system antenna selecting method and to have following characteristics:
The first, for the mimo system that M transmitting antenna arranged, need at the most to calculate M-1 geometric projection, can correctly select the antenna combination that can make mimo system capacity maximum, the traditional antenna system of selection then needs institute might antenna sets be closed carries out CM KInferior search. The inventive method has improved the selection speed of algorithm greatly with respect to the traditional antenna system of selection.
The second, do not need Computing Determinants based on the tier antenna system of selection of geometric projection, when selecting antenna, directly obtain HiPseudoinverse, comparing needs the system of selection of a large amount of determinant computation traditional antenna, this method greatly reduces the requirement to calculation resources, has simplified the realization complexity.
In a word, adopt method provided by the invention to realize a day line options, system is consisted of simplify, technical difficulty and operand reduce greatly, are convenient to very much the fixed point digital signal treating apparatus and realize.
Should be understood that protection domain of the present invention is illustrated in the appended claims, and can not be with the foregoing description of specification as restriction, every apparent modification within aim of the present invention is also due within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. the method selected of an array antenna, it comprises step:
A, the column vector of norm maximum in the Channel Transmission matrix is chosen in initialization;
B constructs selected column vector matrix, and calculates its pseudoinverse;
C does not select the projection of column vector on selected column vector matrix in the calculating channel transmission matrix;
D does not select the vertical component norm of column vector in the calculating channel transmission matrix, and chooses the column vector of maximum vertical component norm correspondence;
E if the maximum vertical component norm is not more than threshold value, then constructs the pairing transmitting antenna of selected column vector matrix column vector as the combination of antennas that can make mimo system capacity maximum with being used in the Channel Transmission matrix, and method finishes; Otherwise continue;
F upgrades selected column vector matrix, and upgrades its pseudoinverse; If all column vectors of Channel Transmission matrix dispose, then with all transmitting antennas as the combination of antennas that can make mimo system capacity maximum, method finishes; Otherwise to described steps d.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described method also comprises: the antenna number of establishing emission side is M, recipient's antenna number is N, emission side is H to recipient's Channel Transmission matrix, and satisfies 2≤M≤N, and emission side is H to recipient's Channel Transmission matrix N * M, matrix H N * MElement h IjBe transfer function from transmitting antenna j to reception antenna i, being initialized as among the described step a: i=1, k1=arg max j|| h j|| 2, h wherein jJ the column vector of expression H; K1=arg max j|| h j|| 2, be illustrated in a column vector selecting the norm maximum in M the column vector of H, and give k1 the row ordinal number of this column vector.
3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described method also comprises: make H among the described step b iExpression is by [h K1..., h Ki] submatrix formed, be called selected column vector matrix, then H 1=h K1, and calculate its pseudoinverse
Figure RE-FA20174800200510090890001C00011
4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described method also comprises: all remaining column vector h of difference calculating channel transmission matrix H among the described step c j, j ∈ 1 ..., M}, Be and do not select column vector, in selected column vector matrix H iOpen into projection components d on the space j=H i(H i) +h j, the wherein set formed by sequence number of { } expression.
5. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described method also comprises: do not select in the column vector at all in the described steps d and pick out at H iOn the normalization of vertical component norm after maximum column vector:
t＝arg?max j(‖v j‖ 2/‖h j‖ 2)，v j＝h j-d j。
6. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described method also comprises: in described step e, if (‖ v t‖ 2/ ‖ h t‖ 2)≤T, wherein T is a pre-set threshold, then flow process finishes; Otherwise continue to carry out described step f.
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described method also comprises: in described step f, make i=i+1, and ki=t, upgrade selected column vector matrix H i=[h K1..., h Ki], and calculate its pseudoinverse:
Figure S05190890020050823C000021
If i=M then flow process finish; Otherwise return described steps d.
8. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described method also comprises: the recipient carries out transmit power allocations according to the execution result of sky line options to selected antenna, adopts the constant power method of salary distribution.
9. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described method also comprises: the recipient carries out transmit power allocations according to the execution result of sky line options to selected antenna, adopts selected antenna according to its corresponding h KiThe vector norm size is carried out power division in proportion.
10. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described method also comprises: the recipient carries out transmit power allocations according to the execution result of sky line options to selected antenna, adopts according to each vertical component v KiNorm ‖ v after the normalization Ki‖ 2/ ‖ h Ki‖ 2) size selected antenna is carried out power division in proportion, wherein, v K1=h K1
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CN102215498A (en) * 2010-04-02 2011-10-12 上海交通大学 Relay node and antenna selection device and selection method
CN103017728B (en) * 2012-12-31 2014-11-26 电子科技大学 Method for determining direction vector of antenna array in interference environment

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1337838A (en) * 2000-07-21 2002-02-27 三星电子株式会社 Transmitting antenna diversity method and base-station apparatus and mobile station apparatus using said method
JP2005130016A (en) * 2003-10-21 2005-05-19 Samsung Yokohama Research Institute Co Ltd Mimo array antenna evaluation apparatus, method, and program
CN1653721A (en) * 2002-02-26 2005-08-10 高通股份有限公司 Multiple-input, multiple-output (mimo) systems with multiple transmission modes

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1337838A (en) * 2000-07-21 2002-02-27 三星电子株式会社 Transmitting antenna diversity method and base-station apparatus and mobile station apparatus using said method
CN1653721A (en) * 2002-02-26 2005-08-10 高通股份有限公司 Multiple-input, multiple-output (mimo) systems with multiple transmission modes
JP2005130016A (en) * 2003-10-21 2005-05-19 Samsung Yokohama Research Institute Co Ltd Mimo array antenna evaluation apparatus, method, and program

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