CN1916490B - Smokeless burning technique and equipment with fire fontanel being setup inside furnace - Google Patents
Smokeless burning technique and equipment with fire fontanel being setup inside furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN1916490B CN1916490B CN2006101158696A CN200610115869A CN1916490B CN 1916490 B CN1916490 B CN 1916490B CN 2006101158696 A CN2006101158696 A CN 2006101158696A CN 200610115869 A CN200610115869 A CN 200610115869A CN 1916490 B CN1916490 B CN 1916490B
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Abstract
A smokeless combustion device with fire stack in furnace consists of destructive distillation gasification combustion chamber, the second combustion chamber, top fire grate, bottom fire grate, fire stack in furnace, firepot, heated surface and fender. The extensive fuel materials such as raw coal, bulk coal, section coal, wood, straw and agricultural wastes can be used as fuel material of said device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to solid-fuelled combustion apparatus, particularly is civilian boiler, water heater, boiler of organic heat carrier, steam boiler, the kiln of fuel with coal, living beings.
Background technology
In the energy resource structure of China, coal is first energy, mainly as boiler oil.For a long time, the burning of coal combustion equipment ubiquity is insufficient, the thermal efficiency is low, the coal resources waste is serious, the phenomenon of major polluting atmosphere environment.Environmental pollution has become the developing significant problem of current China, has proposed two objective in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan of China, is exactly at 5 years from now on, the growth of per GDP, and energy resource consumption will reduce by 20%, and the discharging of pollutant will reduce by 10%.The Premier Wen Jiabao delivers in the 6th national environment protection conference in the Leading Speaches and stresses: " the protection environment is related to the overall situation and the long term growth of China's modernization construction, is the cause of benefiting the present age, benefiting the descendants.We must fully realize the sternness property and the complexity of China's environment situation; Fully realize the importance and the urgency of strengthen environmental protection work; Environmental protection pendulum in strategic location more importantly; With to country, to national, highly responsible spirit to the descendants, carry out environmental protection work conscientiously, promote the economic society All-round, Coordinated and Sustainable Development.”
Coal and biomass fuel burn in general boiler and be prone to produce coal smoke, flying dust contaminated environment, and the coal smoke hydrocarbon fuel generates in dehydrogenation, polymerization or the condensation at burning initial stage, and in general equipment, coal smoke is in case form it is burnt again and be difficulty very.Because the flue dust of discharged from coal-fired boiler destroys environment, in the city, have been prohibited or limit use, force the operator to use the boiler plant of fuel oil or combustion gas instead.And oil price continue raise up, the mistake high cost of fuel oil or gas-fired equipment makes that the operator is difficult to bear.Day by day exhausted along with the increasingly serious and fossil fuel of environmental protection situation, human " the increasing income and decreasing expenditure " that must realize the energy, that is: one is to improve the efficient of fuel combustion with the minimizing resource consumption, and realizes that simultaneously clean burning is with the pollution of minimizing to environment; The 2nd, tap a new source of energy, and actively utilize regenerative resource.Biomass energy is that solar energy is transformed through photosynthesis, and mainly the form with farm-forestry crop exists, and is a kind of unique reproducible carbon source.China's biomass resource is very abundant; There is the wooden matrix rubbish in a large amount of agriculture and forestry organic waste materials, fuel wood woods, wood-curing waste, architectural decoration building site available; Only the agricultural wastes of stalk, husk and so on just have more than 700,000,000 ton every year; Amount to more than 300,000,000 ton of standard coal, and other more biomass resources are still not included in.Coal is a kind of energy comparatively cheap in the conventional energy resource; The fuel cost of coal-burning boiler has only 1/4th of oil burning boiler or gas fired-boiler, promotes the use of fire coal, the biomass equipment of no flue dust, realizes the technology and the technology of clean burning and energy-saving combustion; Not only can protect environment; But also can reduce production costs, to increase economic efficiency, more positive meaning is the pressure that can extenuate oil demand.
In the existing small-sized civil equipment; The combustion thermal efficiency of double-grate boiler reaches the boiler that the pollution level of environment all is superior to other combustion system, and the coal of double-layer grate is through second-time burning, and gas heat loss due to incomplete combustion and heat loss of imperfect solid combustion are all less; The thermal efficiency is high; When normal combustion, smoke abatement and dust control is better, helps environmental protection.But it is bad that the shortcoming of this type boiler is an ignition condition, and it is slower to catch fire and burn, and coal is suitable for narrower.
The objective of the invention is to solve the efficiency of combustion of the also positive applying biological matter fuel of coal combustion equipment pollutant atmosphere problem, raising fuel; Realize that clean combustion is to reduce pollution and the minimizing resource consumption to environment; Increase economic efficiency, alleviate the energy-intensive situation.
Summary of the invention
In order to realize above-mentioned goal of the invention; The present invention takes in stove, to be provided with the measure of fiery chimney, makes the physics stroke of combustion flame increase, and flue gas prolongs residence time in the hot environment of combustion zone; Swabbing action because of fiery chimney in the stove forms strong turbulent flow simultaneously; Make air and fuel better mixing, improve ignition condition, and reach the elimination coal smoke.Apparatus body of the present invention mainly is made up of fiery chimney, burner hearth, heating surface, fender body in destructive gasifying combustion chamber, second combustion chamber, upper fire-grating, lower fire grating, the stove; Wherein: the destructive gasifying combustion chamber is made up of baking top, side wall, upper fire-grating, upper furnace door; Upper fire-grating constitutes the end of destructive gasifying combustion chamber; During the equipment operation; Scorching hot fuel bed on the upper grate constitutes the physical isolation band between the destructive gasifying combustion chamber and second combustion chamber, and destructive gasifying combustion chamber and burner hearth are isolated, and the heat energy that destructive gasifying combustion chamber internal combustion produces transmits in burner hearth with the mode of radiant heat transfer; Second combustion chamber is made up of side wall, fiery chimney suction burner, lower fire grating, middle fire door, and second combustion chamber is below the destructive gasifying combustion chamber, and the fuel that second combustion chamber is accepted to fall from the destructive gasifying combustion chamber burns away; Fiery chimney is in fender body in the described stove, and fiery chimney is made up of flame introducing section, the venturi section of putting a chimney on the stove and make the fire draw, the flame section of drawing in the stove, and the suction burner of fiery chimney is in second combustion chamber, and internal heat exports in burner hearth; In the destructive gasifying combustion chamber, in second combustion chamber, all do not establish metal heated in the fiery chimney, so that heat up very soon in the combustion chamber and accumulation of heat.Fuel and air enter into the destructive gasifying combustion chamber through upper furnace door or by machinery-blast table spreader; In the destructive gasifying combustion chamber, accomplish preheating, oven dry, volatile matter effusion, gasification, burning; The scorching hot fuel bed that the flue gas that burning produces passes upper fire-grating enters into second combustion chamber; The scorching hot fuel of upper fire-grating is also left out by mistake on the lower fire grating of second combustion chamber and burn away simultaneously; After the red-hot flame flow that destructive gasifying combustion chamber and second combustion chamber produce converged, the sucking action through fiery chimney in the stove entered in the burner hearth, and the red-hot flame flow that enters in the burner hearth is given the heating surface in the burner hearth thermal energy transfer; Descend because of density increases after exchanging out heat energy, waste gas is discharged by outlet.
Described upper fire-grating comprises water-cooled fire grate, air-cooled fire grate, shake wherein a kind of of fire grate, vibrating-grate stoker; Described lower fire grating comprises fixed grate, manual wherein a kind of of fire grate, mechanical chain fire grate, mechanical reciprocal grate.
Described fuel comprises raw coal, loose coal, living beings, ature of coal moulded coal, biomass coal, and wherein: described raw coal, the coal that looses, ature of coal moulded coal comprise the coal of anthracite and bituminous coal; Described living beings comprise fuel wood, husk and agriculture and forestry organic waste material; Described biomass coal comprise that wherein one or more of stalk, husk, coal add that additives are pressed into to a certain degree with the goods fuel of shape.
The present invention also is provided with steam spray nozzle in the destructive gasifying combustion chamber, sends into water vapour in the destructive gasifying combustion chamber as gasifying agent, is used for suppressing the generation of coal smoke and carries out chemical reaction with red-hot charcoal, generates gaseous fuel, realizes the increment burning.
The present invention also in stove the flame section of drawing of fiery chimney be provided with three ports, tertiary air hole; The remaining imflammable gas and the carbon particle that do not burn are further burnt; Avoid gas heat loss due to incomplete combustion and heat loss of imperfect solid combustion, improve the efficiency of combustion of equipment.Three times intake adit is arranged on the tube wall of fiery chimney in the stove, comes the preheating tertiary air with the heat of fiery chimney tube wall, makes three ports reach smooth combustion.
An air feed of the present invention is on the fuel bed top of destructive gasifying combustion chamber; When equipment moves; Fresh fuel is shed equably on the scorching hot fuel combustion layer of destructive gasifying combustion chamber; Fire burns is overflowed, gasified, to initiate fuel through preheating, oven dry, volatile matter; The glowing combustion layer that the high-temperature flue gas that burning is produced passes on the upper grate enters into second combustion chamber, and water vapour (comprising the water vapour that is dried by the fire in the fuel) and the volatile matter that does not burn also pass scorching hot fuel bed with high-temperature flue gas, and wherein chemistry takes place for water vapour and red-hot charcoal; Generate gaseous reduction thing-hydrogen and carbon monoxide, the volatile matter, tar, the C that do not burn in the destructive gasifying combustion chamber
nH
m, coal smoke and generation the gaseous reduction thing in second combustion chamber, carry out second-time burning and burn, coal-fired also being left out by mistake on lower floor's fire grate by the gap of upper grate simultaneously of destructive distillation burns away until burning.After the red-hot flame flow that the destructive gasifying combustion chamber and second combustion chamber produce converges, be inhaled into fiery chimney in the stove, in fiery chimney, burn away; Because the existence of fiery chimney in the stove makes the physics stroke of combustion flame increase, flue gas prolonged in the residence time of combustion zone; Because of not having metal heated hot environment that brings up in the combustion chamber and in the fiery chimney, the swabbing action of fiery chimney forms strong turbulent flow in the stove, makes air and fuel better mixing simultaneously; These three aspects make ignition condition be greatly improved; Not only fuel has obtained sufficient burning and has burnt, and has eliminated coal smoke simultaneously, has reduced the pollution to environment.The present invention can make air well mix with fuel through the swabbing action of fiery chimney in the stove, therefore can realize low oxygen combustion, to reduce nuisance NO
xGeneration.The present invention can directly use the biomass fuel of fuel wood, husk and so on, can not produce black smoke.
Equipment of the present invention comprises boiler, water heater, boiler of organic heat carrier, steam boiler, kiln.It is characterized in that apparatus body mainly introduced section (14), the venturi section of putting a chimney on the stove and make the fire draw (13), the flame section of drawing (10), burner hearth internal heating surface, upper fire-grating (20), lower fire grating (21), grey chamber (22), is incubated fender body (34) and forms by destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27), second combustion chamber (24), burner hearth (40), flame; Wherein: flame is introduced section (14), the venturi section of putting a chimney on the stove and make the fire draw (13), the flame section of drawing (10) constitutes fiery chimney in the stove; The suction burner of fire chimney is in second combustion chamber (24), and internal heat exports in burner hearth (40); Described destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27) isolates with burner hearth (40), and destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27) are made up of side wall (29), top (30), upper fire-grating (20), upper furnace door (26), and upper fire-grating (20) becomes the end of destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27); Described second combustion chamber (24) is made up of side wall, lower fire grating (21), middle fire door (25), and second combustion chamber (24) under destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27), upper fire-grating (20) becomes the top of second combustion chamber (24).
When equipment is water heater or boiler of organic heat carrier or steam boiler; Described burner hearth internal heating surface mainly by hot water outlet collection case/or drum (4), thermal-collecting tube (11), water-cooling wall (12) constitute; Hot water outlet collection case/or drum (4) be connected to the next part case (18) of water-cooling wall (12) and the diversion box of thermal-collecting tube (11) through down-comer (8); The upper collecting chamber (5) of water-cooling wall (12) is connected to hot water outlet collection case/or drum (4), and the header tank (6) of thermal-collecting tube (11) is connected to hot water outlet collection case/or drum (4).
When equipment is boiler; Described burner hearth internal heating surface is made up of boiled water tank (54), thermal-collecting tube (11) at least, and wherein, thermal-collecting tube (11) is directly connected to boiled water tank (54); Or thermal-collecting tube (11) is connected to boiled water tank (54) through diversion box and header tank; Diaphragm (55) is arranged in the boiled water tank (54), can avoid water by boiled repeatedly, therefore nitrous acid content is uprised and influence the healthy of people; When in burner hearth (40), water-cooling wall being set, the bottom of boiled water tank (54) is connected to the next part case of water-cooling wall through down-comer, and the upper collecting chamber of water-cooling wall is connected to the top of boiled water tank (54).
When equipment is kiln; Described burner hearth (40) both had been the kiln road; Heating surface in the kiln road is mainly by water-cooling wall (12) and product composition to be fired; Hot water outlet collection case/or drum (4) be connected to the next part case (18) of water-cooling wall (12) through down-comer (8), the upper collecting chamber (5) of water-cooling wall (12) is connected to hot water outlet collection case/or drum (4) through pipeline.
Thermal-collecting tube of the present invention comprises light pipe or the extended surface tube or the finned tube of horizontal straight tube, inclination straight tube, coiled pipe, coil pipe; Described water-cooling wall comprises bare-tube wall, fin water-cooling wall, fin panel casing, water jacket.
Above-mentioned equipment is when being designed to mechanically actuated, and equipment is formed and comprised that also fire grate gearbox (63), upper fire-grating shake controller (64), machinery-blast table spreader (65).
The feasible efficiency of combustion that solves coal combustion equipment pollutant atmosphere problem and applying biological matter fuel, improves fuel of above-mentioned measure of the present invention; Realize that clean combustion is to reduce pollution and the minimizing resource consumption to environment; Increase economic efficiency, the purpose of alleviating the energy-intensive situation is achieved.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the measure of taking fiery chimney is set in stove improves ignition condition, has eliminated coal smoke effectively, has realized the clean combustion of solid fuel; Reduced the pollution to environment, fuel has been avoided gas heat loss due to incomplete combustion and heat loss of imperfect solid combustion through three burnings; Improve the efficient of fuel combustion; Reduced resource consumption, reduced the fuel cost burden, enterprise is increased economic efficiency.
Description of drawings
The present invention provides attached drawings to be further described, but the specific embodiment of each accompanying drawing and the following stated all is not construed as limiting the invention:
Fig. 1 is a burning process flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the equipment structure chart of water heater of the present invention, boiler of organic heat carrier.
Fig. 3 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a steam boiler equipment structure chart of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a boiler equipment structure chart of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a mechanically operated boiler plant structure chart of the present invention.
Among the figure: 1. pressure gauge connection, 2. hot water/steam output interface, 3. relief valve connection, 4. hot water outlet collection case/drum, the 5. upper collecting chamber of flank water-cooling wall, the 6. header tank of thermal-collecting tube; 7. the perpendicular header of thermal-collecting tube, 8. down-comer, the 9. internal heat of fiery chimney outlet, the 10. flame section of drawing of fiery chimney, 11. thermal-collecting tubes, the water-cooling wall of 12. flanks; 13. the venturi section of putting a chimney on the stove and make the fire draw of fiery chimney, the flame of 14. fiery chimney is introduced section, the suction burner of 15. fiery chimney, 16. waste gas decline passwaies, 17. waste gas outlets, the next part case of 18. flank water-cooling walls; 19. base, 20. upper fire-gratings, 21. lower fire gratings, 22. grey chamber/air compartments, 23. lower furnace doors/damper, 24. second combustion chambers; 25. middle fire door, 26. upper furnace doors, 27. destructive gasifying combustion chambers, 28. steam spray nozzles, the side wall of 29. destructive gasifying combustion chambers, the dome of 30. destructive gasifying combustion chambers; 31. tedge, the next part case of 32. preceding side walls, 33. preceding side walls, 34. insulation fender bodies, 35. shells, the upper collecting chamber of 36. preceding side walls; 37. lance door, the branch water transverse tube of 38. top side water-cooling walls, 39. top side water-cooling walls, 40. burner hearths, 41a. communicating pipe, 41b. communicating pipe; 42. communicating pipe, 43. backwater/moisturizing interface, 44. manholes, 45. 3 ports, 46. tertiary air holes, 47. tertiary chambers; 48. three air inlets, 49. hand hole covers, 50. circulation water service pipes, 51. logical steam pipes, 52. expansion tanks, 53. moisturizing interfaces; 54. the diaphragm in the boiled water tank, 55. boiled water tanks, 56. thermometers, 57. boiling water output interfaces, 58. waterlines, 59. blast pipes; 60. inspection door, 61. dreg cooling chamber, 62. slag notches, 63. fire grate gearboxes, 64. upper fire-gratings shake controller, 65. machineries-blast table spreader.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment shown in Figure 2 is the apparatus body of water heater of the present invention, boiler of organic heat carrier; Mainly by the flame of destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27), second combustion chamber (24), burner hearth (40), fiery chimney introduce next part case (18), down-comer (8), the tedge (31) of upper collecting chamber (5), the water-cooling wall of header tank (6), water-cooling wall (12), the water-cooling wall of perpendicular header (7), the thermal-collecting tube of the flame section of drawing (10), upper fire-grating (20), lower fire grating (21), hot water outlet collection case (4), thermal-collecting tube (11), the thermal-collecting tube of section (14), the venturi section of putting a chimney on the stove and make the fire draw (13) of fiery chimney, fiery chimney, the next part case (32) of preceding side wall, preceding side wall (33), preceding side wall upper collecting chamber (36), top side water-cooling wall (39), grey chamber (22), waste gas decline passway (16), be incubated fender body (34), shell (35) is formed; Wherein: flame is introduced section (14), the venturi section of putting a chimney on the stove and make the fire draw (13), the flame section of drawing (10) constitutes fiery chimney in the stove; The suction burner (15) of fire chimney is in second combustion chamber (24), and internal heat outlet (9) is in burner hearth (40); Destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27) isolates with burner hearth (40), and destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27) are made up of side wall (29), top (30), upper fire-grating (20), upper furnace door (26), and upper fire-grating (20) becomes the end of destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27); Second combustion chamber (24) is made up of side wall, lower fire grating (21), middle fire door (25), and second combustion chamber (24) under destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27), upper fire-grating (20) becomes the top of second combustion chamber (24).Hot water outlet collection case (4) is connected to the next part case (18) of flank water-cooling wall through down-comer (8); The next part case (18) of flank water-cooling wall is connected to the water-cooling wall (12) of flank; The water-cooling wall of flank (12) is connected to the upper collecting chamber (5) of flank water-cooling wall, and the upper collecting chamber of flank water-cooling wall (5) is connected to hot water outlet collection case (4) through communicating pipe (41a); The water-cooling wall of flank (12) is connected to thermal-collecting tube (11) as the distributive pipe of thermal-collecting tube again, and thermal-collecting tube (11) is connected to header tank (6) through perpendicular header (7), and the header tank of thermal-collecting tube (6) is connected to hot water outlet collection case (4) through communicating pipe (41b); The next part case (18) of flank water-cooling wall is connected to preceding side wall (33) through the next part case (32) of tedge (31), preceding side wall again; The upper collecting chamber (36) of preceding side wall is connected to the upper end of tedge (31); The upper end of tedge (31) is connected to the distributive pipe (38) of top side water-cooling wall, and top side water-cooling wall (39) is connected to hot water outlet collection case (4); Pressure gauge connection (1), hot water output interface (2), relief valve connection (3) are arranged on the hot water outlet collection case (4).When natural circulation mode is adopted in the stove in the circulation of the stove water of present embodiment, need carry out insulation to down-comer (8); During the natural circulation mode operation, down-comer (8) is not carried out thermal insulation outside with body of heater, at this moment down-comer (8) plays the effect of tedge; When the forced circulation mode is moved outside the water circulation employing body of heater of equipment, down-comer is not set in the water circulation system in stove.
In the embodiment of embodiment shown in Figure 2 and the following stated; When the equipment black furnace starts; Be spread in fuel equably on the upper fire-grating (20) earlier, go up charcoal that spreading is not fuming or coke as pilot fuel, light a fire through the middle fire door (25) of second combustion chamber (24) then at lower fire grating (21); Make the pilot fuel on the lower fire grating (21) fire burns; Carry out preheating in the stove, the thermal current that burning produces makes and is attracted to fiery chimney generation exhausting graviational interaction the heat energy of second combustion chamber (24) burning generation in the burner hearth (40); The combustion heat energy of second combustion chamber (24) heats the fuel bed on the upper fire-grating (20) simultaneously, and makes the fuel fire burning on the upper fire-grating (20), heating destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27).When equipment normally moves; Open the upper furnace door (26) of destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27); Air also enters in the destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27) through upper furnace door (26); Shed fresh fuel equably on the scorching hot fuel combustion layer of destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27) by phased manner, fire burns is overflowed, gasified, to initiate fuel through preheating, oven dry, volatile matter, and the glowing combustion layer that the high-temperature flue gas that burning is produced passes on the upper grate (20) enters into second combustion chamber (24); The volatile matter that is dried by the fire the water vapour that in the fuel and do not burn also enters into second combustion chamber (24) with the scorching hot fuel bed that high-temperature flue gas passes upper fire-grating (20); Wherein chemistry takes place in water vapour and red-hot charcoal, generates gaseous reduction thing-hydrogen and carbon monoxide, the volatile matter that does not burn, tar, C
nH
m, coal smoke and generation the gaseous reduction thing in second combustion chamber (24), carry out second-time burning and burn, coal-fired also being left out by mistake on the lower fire grating (21) by the gap of upper fire-grating (20) simultaneously after the destructive distillation burns away until burning.After the red-hot flame flow that destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27) and second combustion chamber (24) produce converges; Inhale burner (15) by fiery chimney and get into fiery chimney in the stove; Introduce section (14), the venturi section of putting a chimney on the stove and make the fire draw (13), the flame section of drawing (10) through fire, entered in the burner hearth (40) by internal heat outlet (9), the red-hot flame flow that enters in the burner hearth (40) is given the heating surface in the burner hearth thermal energy transfer; Descend because of density increases after exchanging out heat energy, waste gas is discharged by outlet (17).
Embodiment shown in Figure 4 is the equipment of wherein a kind of steam boiler of the present invention; Mainly by the flame of destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27), second combustion chamber (24), fiery chimney introduce next part case (18), the water-cooling wall of perpendicular header (7), the water-cooling wall of the flame section of drawing (10), burner hearth (40), drum (4), down-comer (8), thermal-collecting tube (11), the thermal-collecting tube of section (14), the venturi section of putting a chimney on the stove and make the fire draw (13) of fiery chimney, fiery chimney upper collecting chamber (5), flank water-cooling wall (12), tedge (31), the next part case (32) of preceding side wall, preceding side wall (33), top side water-cooling wall (39), upper fire-grating (20), lower fire grating (21), grey chamber (22), waste gas decline passway (16), be incubated fender body (34), shell (35) is formed; Wherein: flame is introduced section (14), the venturi section of putting a chimney on the stove and make the fire draw (13), the flame section of drawing (10) constitutes fiery chimney in the stove; The suction burner (15) of fire chimney is in second combustion chamber (24), and internal heat outlet (9) is in burner hearth (40); Destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27) isolates with burner hearth (40), and destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27) are made up of side wall (29), top (30), upper fire-grating (20), upper furnace door (26), and upper fire-grating (20) becomes the end of destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27); Second combustion chamber (24) is made up of side wall, lower fire grating (21), middle fire door (25), and second combustion chamber (24) under destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27), upper fire-grating (20) becomes the top of second combustion chamber (24); In destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27) steam spray nozzle (28) is arranged, in burning just often, spray into the generation of water vapour, and make water vapour and scorching hot charcoal generation chemical reaction generate imflammable gas, realize the increment burning with the inhibition coal smoke; The flame section of drawing (10) at fiery chimney has three ports (45) and tertiary air hole (46), and tertiary chamber (47) is arranged on the tube wall of fiery chimney; Manhole (44), pressure gauge connection (1), steam output interface (2), relief valve connection (3) are arranged on the drum (4).Drum (4) is connected to the next part case (18) of flank water-cooling wall (12) through down-comer (8), and the upper collecting chamber (5) of flank water-cooling wall (12) is connected to drum (4); The next part case (32) of side wall before the next part case (18) of water-cooling wall is connected to through tedge (31) again; Preceding side wall (33) is connected to thermal-collecting tube (11) as the distributive pipe of thermal-collecting tube, and thermal-collecting tube (11) is connected with drum (4) with logical steam pipe (52) through perpendicular header (7), circulation water service pipe (51); Top side water-cooling wall (39) is connected between preceding side wall (33) and the drum (4).
Embodiment shown in Figure 5 is a boiler equipment of the present invention; Mainly form by the flame section of drawing (10), burner hearth (40), upper fire-grating (20), lower fire grating (21), boiled water tank (54), thermal-collecting tube (11), water-cooling wall (12), the upper collecting chamber (5) of water-cooling wall, the next part case (18) of water-cooling wall, down-comer (8), waste gas decline passway (16), insulation fender body (34), shell (35), thermometer (56), the blast pipe (59) of flame introducing section (14), the venturi section of putting a chimney on the stove and make the fire draw (13) of fiery chimney of destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27), second combustion chamber (24), grey chamber (22), fiery chimney, fiery chimney; Wherein: flame is introduced section (14), the venturi section of putting a chimney on the stove and make the fire draw (13), the flame section of drawing (10) constitutes fiery chimney in the stove; The suction burner (15) of fire chimney is in second combustion chamber (24), and internal heat outlet (9) is in burner hearth (40); Destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27) isolates with burner hearth (40), and destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27) are made up of side wall (29), top (30), upper fire-grating (20), upper furnace door (26), and upper fire-grating (20) becomes the end of destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27); Second combustion chamber (24) is made up of side wall, lower fire grating (21), middle fire door (25), and second combustion chamber (24) under destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27), upper fire-grating (20) becomes the top of second combustion chamber (24); The flame section of drawing (10) at fiery chimney has three ports (45) and tertiary air hole (46), and tertiary chamber (47) is arranged on the tube wall of fiery chimney; Diaphragm (55) is arranged in boiled water tank (54).In the present embodiment, the weldering of an end of thermal-collecting tube (11) is stifled, and the other end is directly connected to boiled water tank (54), is connected to the next part case (18) of water-cooling wall again through down-comer (8) in the bottom of boiled water tank (54), and the upper collecting chamber of water-cooling wall (5) is connected to the top of boiled water tank (54); Running water enters into expansion tank (52) by moisturizing interface (53), is entered into the bottom of boiled water tank (54) again by expansion tank (52).There is ball-cock assembly to control water level automatically in the expansion tank (52), makes the waterline (58) in the boiled water tank (54) keep constant.Present embodiment goes out boiling water in the high position of boiled water tank, and low level advances cold water, and boiled water can not mix with the new cold water that gets into, and can guarantee to go out continuously boiling water, and can avoid water by boiled repeatedly phenomenon.
Embodiment shown in Figure 6 is a mechanically operated boiler plant of the present invention; Mainly by the flame of destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27), second combustion chamber (24), the venturi section of putting a chimney on the stove and make the fire draw (13) of fiery chimney, fiery chimney introduce upper collecting chamber (5), the water-cooling wall of water-cooling wall (12), the water-cooling wall of perpendicular header (7) that section (14), the flame section of drawing (10) of fiery chimney, burner hearth (40), upper fire-grating (20), lower fire grating (21), lower fire grating gearbox (63), upper fire-grating shake controller (64), drum (4), down-comer (8), thermal-collecting tube (11), thermal-collecting tube, flank next part case (18), tedge (31), the next part case (32) of preceding side wall, preceding side wall (33), top side water-cooling wall (39), waste gas decline passway (16), grey chamber (22), dreg cooling chamber (61), be incubated fender body (34), shell (35), machinery-blast table spreader (65) and form; Wherein: flame is introduced section (14), the venturi section of putting a chimney on the stove and make the fire draw (13), the flame section of drawing (10) constitutes fiery chimney in the stove; The suction burner (15) of fire chimney is in second combustion chamber (24), and internal heat outlet (9) is in burner hearth (40); Destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27) isolates with burner hearth (40), and destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27) are made up of side wall (29), top (30), upper fire-grating (20), upper furnace door (26), and upper fire-grating (20) becomes the end of destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27); Second combustion chamber (24) is made up of side wall, lower fire grating (21), middle fire door (25), and second combustion chamber (24) under destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27), upper fire-grating (20) becomes the top of second combustion chamber (24); The flame section of drawing (10) at fiery chimney has three ports (45) and tertiary air hole (46), and tertiary chamber (47) is arranged on the tube wall of fiery chimney; Manhole (44), pressure gauge connection (1), steam output interface (2), relief valve connection (3) are arranged on the drum (4).Drum (4) is connected to the next part case (18) of flank water-cooling wall (12) through down-comer (8), and the upper collecting chamber (5) of flank water-cooling wall (12) is connected to drum (4); The next part case (32) of side wall before the next part case (18) of water-cooling wall is connected to through tedge (31) again; Preceding side wall (33) is connected to thermal-collecting tube (11) as the distributive pipe of thermal-collecting tube, and thermal-collecting tube (11) is connected with drum (4) with logical steam pipe (52) through perpendicular header (7), circulation water service pipe (51); The upper end of preceding side wall (33) is connected to top side water-cooling wall (39), and top side water-cooling wall (39) is connected to drum (4).The lower fire grating of present embodiment (21) is mechanical reciprocal grate, drives through fire grate gearbox (63), and lower fire grating (21) also can be a traveling-grate stoker; Upper fire-grating (20) is for machinery shakes fire grate, shakes controller (64) by upper fire-grating and carries out discontinuity and shake, and upper fire-grating (20) also can be the mechanical oscillation fire grate.Fuel and air enter into destructive gasifying combustion chamber (27) by machinery-blast table spreader (65), and the lime-ash that burns in dreg cooling chamber (61) cooling, is transported by mucking machine from slag notch (62) earlier again.
In Fig. 2 of the present invention, 4,6 embodiment, as heat collector is not set in burner hearth, offer into/discharge door, shown embodiment had both become kiln, was used for the firing ceramics product.
Boiler plant of the present invention is when carrying out product design, manufacturing; The rules that should meet national departments concerned require water level meter, safety valve, Pressure gauge, thermometer, manhole or a hole, hand hole, ash handling equipment, explosion proof door, inspection door etc. are set, and design and make by the rules of national departments concerned.
Claims (4)
1. the smokeless combustion equipment of fiery chimney is set in the stove; It is characterized in that the measure of taking fiery chimney is set improves ignition condition in stove; Eliminate coal smoke, equipment mainly is made up of fiery chimney, burner hearth, heating surface and fender body in destructive gasifying combustion chamber, second combustion chamber, upper fire-grating, lower fire grating, the stove, and fuel and air enter into the destructive gasifying combustion chamber; In the destructive gasifying combustion chamber, accomplish preheating oven dry, gasification and burning; The scorching hot fuel bed that the flue gas that burning produces passes upper fire-grating enters into second combustion chamber, and the scorching hot fuel of upper fire-grating is also left out by mistake on the lower fire grating of second combustion chamber and burnt away, after the red-hot flame flow that the destructive gasifying combustion chamber and second combustion chamber produce converges; Sucking action through fiery chimney in the stove enters in the burner hearth; The red-hot flame flow that enters in the burner hearth is given the heating surface in the burner hearth thermal energy transfer, descends because of density increases after exchanging out heat energy, and waste gas is discharged by outlet;
Described destructive gasifying combustion chamber is made up of side wall, vault, upper fire-grating and upper furnace door; Upper fire-grating constitutes the end of destructive gasifying combustion chamber; Destructive gasifying combustion chamber and burner hearth are isolated, and the heat energy that destructive gasifying combustion chamber internal combustion produces transmits in burner hearth with the mode of radiant heat transfer simultaneously;
Described second combustion chamber is inhaled burner, lower fire grating and middle fire door by side wall, fiery chimney and is formed below the destructive gasifying combustion chamber, and the fuel that second combustion chamber is accepted to fall from the destructive gasifying combustion chamber burns away;
Described fiery chimney is inhaled burner in second combustion chamber, and internal heat exports in burner hearth;
Described upper fire-grating comprises wherein a kind of of water-cooled fire grate, air-cooled fire grate;
Described lower fire grating comprises fixed grate, manual wherein a kind of of fire grate, mechanical reciprocal grate.
2. the smokeless combustion equipment of fiery chimney is set in the stove according to claim 1, it is characterized in that fiery chimney is made up of flame introducing section, the venturi section of putting a chimney on the stove and make the fire draw and the flame section of drawing in the stove.
3. the smokeless combustion equipment of fiery chimney is set in the stove according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the destructive gasifying combustion chamber also has steam spray nozzle, send into water vapour in the destructive gasifying combustion chamber as gasifying agent, be used for suppressing the generation of coal smoke.
4. the smokeless combustion equipment of fiery chimney is set in the stove according to claim 2, it is characterized in that also having three ports, tertiary air hole in the flame section of drawing of fiery chimney, tertiary chamber is on the tube wall of fiery chimney.
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| CN2006101158696A CN1916490B (en) | 2006-08-15 | 2006-08-15 | Smokeless burning technique and equipment with fire fontanel being setup inside furnace |
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| CN2006101158696A CN1916490B (en) | 2006-08-15 | 2006-08-15 | Smokeless burning technique and equipment with fire fontanel being setup inside furnace |
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| CN1916490B true CN1916490B (en) | 2012-07-04 |
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| CN1916490A (en) | 2007-02-21 |
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