CN1875718A - Application of rhabditelliasis axei in white grub control - Google Patents
Application of rhabditelliasis axei in white grub control Download PDFInfo
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- CN1875718A CN1875718A CN 200610011920 CN200610011920A CN1875718A CN 1875718 A CN1875718 A CN 1875718A CN 200610011920 CN200610011920 CN 200610011920 CN 200610011920 A CN200610011920 A CN 200610011920A CN 1875718 A CN1875718 A CN 1875718A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the use of Rhabditis(Oscheius)spp. in the control of grub, field test results show that, the effect of Rhabditis(Oscheius)spp. in controlling peanut field grub can reach over 96%, the output can also be increased by over 91%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the biotechnology prevention and control field, particularly relate to the application of rhabditis axei Rhabditis (Oscheius) spp in control of grubs.
Technical background
Chafer larva---the under ground portion of grub main harm plant as root, stem and fruit, is the important pests on various crop such as peanut, soybean, sweet potato, potato, beet, strawberry, nectarine, citrus, ginkgo, fruit tree, lawn etc.Usually cause crop failure about 20%, the severe patient total crop failure.
Peanut is a pulse family fixed nitrogen crop, and the development of peanut cultivation industry has significant ecological environment benefit, more has an economic benefit.The important oil crop of China are peanuts, and to having clear superiority along yellow 8 provinces and regions peanut productions, its gross yield accounts for the No. 1 in the world from Xinjiang.According to Chinese agriculture Information Network message, calendar year 2001, national peanut cultivation area is 6,946 ten thousand mu, and gross yield is 1458.3 ten thousand tons, accounts for 42% of Gross World Product.2005, the peanut cultivation area was estimated 8,000 ten thousand mu, and gross yield is about 1,700 ten thousand tons.China's peanut average yield per mu is about 210 kilograms, be 2.3 times of world average level, and the average yield per mu of world's peanut cultivation area maximum, the deputy India of gross yield is 50 kilograms, and the average yield per mu of the U.S. is 183 kilograms.The data show that customs provides, 2000～2002 years, China exported 400,000 tons of peanuts, 490,000 tons and 670,000 tons respectively, all ranks first in the world.
Yet the first insect of peanut---causing harm of grub increases the weight of in recent years year by year, often has several grubs such as black dull cockchafer, the big dark fund tortoise in North China, the yellow gill cockchafer of hair and anomala corpulenta to take place simultaneously.Generally speaking, make peanut underproduction 20-30%, severe patient reaches more than 50%, even the total crop failure of part plot.Causing harm of grub, had a strong impact on the output of peanut, influenced peasant's direct income and country's foreign exchange earning.According to incompletely statistics, 93.3 ten thousand hm of Henan Province's plantation in 2002
2Peanut suffers ten thousand hm surplus the area about 40 of grub serious harm
2, the rate of being injured is more than 40%.Press 210 kilograms of peanut per mu yields, the underproduction 20%, 3.2 yuan of/kilogram calculating of wholesale price, every mu about 70 yuan of the losses that grub is caused, only this year, a province (Henan Province), annual because the peanut yield loss that grub is caused just reaches 800,000,000 yuans, reduce foreign exchange earning and can reach 250,000 tons.
At present a lot of grubs main method of seed or soil treatment that adopts in area of being injured is prevented and treated, and is most with control chafer larva---grubs such as chemical pesticide 1605 (parathion), phoxim, the different willow of methyl (sulphur) phosphorus, Mi Leer; With control chafer adults such as chemical pesticide Imidacloprid, sevin, Mi Leer, flolimat, cyfluthrin, chlopyrifos.
Parathion, parathion-methyl, the different willow of methyl (sulphur) phosphorus, chlorination Rogor etc. all are the chemical pesticide kinds of forbidding on all crops in non-polluted farm product is produced, and the reason of forbidding is high poison.No. the 274th, The Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China, MOA bulletin clearly regulation " ... from December 31st, 2003, cancel all registrations that contain the mixture preparation of acephatemet, parathion, parathion-methyl, nuvacron and 5 kinds of high malicious organophosphorous pesticides of phosphamidon (concrete list is announced by The Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals of the Ministry of Agriculture,PRC).From on June 30th, 2004, must not on market, sell the mixture preparation that contains above 5 kinds of high malicious organophosphorous pesticides ...”
Think that traditionally it is food bacterium class nematode that little bar belongs to Rhabditis (Oscheius) nematode, do not see that as yet rhabditis axei has the report of deadly crop pest both at home and abroad, more do not see report with rhabditis axei Rhabditis spp control soil insect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the blank in above-mentioned field, the application of rhabditis axei in control of grubs is provided,, widen the biological control approach to solve the difficult problem on producing.
The application of rhabditis axei in control of grubs.
Described application is that the rhabditis axei preparation is imposed on killed plant root in the plant root growth puberty.
Described plant is a peanut.
Described rhabditis axei preparation amount of application is ten thousand/square metre of 3-50, and better dosage is ten thousand/square metre of 20-30.
The invention provides a kind of method of new control of grubs, adopt rhabditis axei to make preparation and be applied to peanut Tanaka, the result shows that rhabditis axei control peanut field grub has special effect, vermins-proof effect all reaches more than 96%, make the pod hazard ratio be reduced to 2% and 2.8%, intact pod remains on 97%-98%, makes 242 kilograms of every mu of volume increase of peanut, rate of growth is prevented and treated rate of growth raising 20% than using phoxim more than 91%.
The rhabditis axei that the present invention will collect in Henan and ground, Gansu is suspended in No. 1, No. 2 preparations of making rhabditis axei the water respectively, is used for the peanut field and uses, and the result shows and uses quality and the output that rhabditis axei control peanut field grub has been improved peanut pod.No. 2 preparations of rhabditis axei (Gansu strain) are though the pod quantity of handling is less, and it has demonstrated fully Henan and has spent No. 10 feature, and three persons are in the majority in its good fruit, and pod is full, and single cave pod is weighed as 24.3g, surpasses other three processing, and output is the highest to making.Contrast is because not plump fruit is more, and weighing and have only 12.7g in single cave, causes cell production minimum.
Rhabditis (Oscheius) sp distributes very extensive, and aboundresources is easy to obtain, and it is numerous to be easy to the cultivation expansion, in case use in the field, sets up population at natural world easily.It has the chemical pesticide incomparable advantage, and it is free from environmental pollution, to vertebrate safety such as people and animals; Insect can not produce resistance; Can use with most of chemical pesticides; It can initiatively seek the host; Can prevent and treat brill moth property, disguised insect that chemical pesticide is difficult to prove effective.In a single day it enter in the pest body, just can breed, provide new phase of infecting nematode and seek new host in a large number.The big polyphagy of phytophagy grub is extremely assorted, with a kind of grub seed and seedling that dicotyledonous and unifacial leaf cereal crops, various vegetables, oil plant, taro, cotton, herbage and flowers and fruit, woods etc. sow of often can causing harm.Therefore rhabditis axei is used for control of grubs than the easier Pest Control population quantity of chemical pesticide, and rhabditis axei is easy to use, and the residual hazard of no chemical pesticide can be used as biological novel pesticide, is a class biological control preparation that has potentiality to be exploited.
Embodiment
Now the present invention is described in further detail in conjunction with the embodiments.
Though the embodiment of the invention just is applied to the control of peanut field grub, but concerning the grub and soil insect (as mole cricket, black cutworm etc.) that endanger other crop, based on same principle, rhabditis axei is equally applicable to other plot that grub harm and soil insect are taken place.
Embodiment
1 materials and methods
1.1 test material
Reagent agent: No. 1 preparation of rhabditis axei Rhabditis (Oscheius) spp (Henan strain), No. 2 preparations (Gansu strain); 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate (Lianyun Harbour insecticide factory).
1, No. 2 preparations of rhabditis axei are lured collection, separate, expand numerous gained with the greater wax moth mature larva from greenhouse cucumber and land for growing field crops wheat rhizosphere soil respectively by the insect nematode laboratory member of China Agricultural University, can externally openly provide.Nematode after the collection is suspended in the aqueous solution, 4 ℃ of preservations, uses in 20 days.280,000/ml of nematode application concentration.
1.2 test method
Test is located at Kaifeng City Agriculture and Forest Science Inst. experimental field, preceding stubble wheat, and the soil texture becomes silted up native, and grub is taken place serious.On May 13rd, 2005, wheat ridge point was cultivated peanut, and kind is that planting density 10000 caves/667m are spent in Henan No. 10
2
Four processing are established in test: handle 1 and execute No. 1 preparation of rhabditis axei, handle 2 and execute No. 2 preparations of rhabditis axei, spraying medicine concentration is ten thousand/m of 22.5-30
2, handle 3 and execute 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 1.5kg/667m
2, handle 4 for contrast, do not execute any agricultural chemicals.Every processing triplicate, sub-district area 30m
2, establish walking passageway 0.8m between repetition, establish guard row 1m all around.
Application method: (June 20) medication behind the peanut initial bloom stage.The nematode preparation is used preceding 280,000/ml of microscopy nematode levels, guarantees that every cave peanut uses ten thousand of nematode 1.5-2, reaches ten thousand/m of 22.5-30
2, after 1500 times of preparation dilutions, every cave peanut waters dispenser liquid 100ml; Water after the dispenser, keep humidity.Phoxim emulsifiable concentrate is pressed 1.5kg/667m
2500 times of consumption dilutions, the back imposes in the sub-district with irrigation.Contrast not medication.
1.3 sampling survey method
Carried out field investigation on September before harvesting peanut 15.Every sub-district investigation 1m
2(15 cave), " Z " type of employing sampling method to the cave, is distinguished grub survival number in the every cave of investigation records with peanut strain band soil mud, peanut number of results, the fruit number (seed be injured 70% above person) of being injured, good fruit number (pod is a good fruit calculating with two a kind of fruit, such as apple, pear, etc.s, and two fruits of simple grain person are counted a fruit).Then to 15 cave peanuts well fruit dry the statistics output of weighing, calculate grub go down rate, pod be injured rate, cell production gradient at last.
Grub the be injured rate, cell production gradient of rate, pod that go down calculated by following formula:
Grub rate=(check plot grub survival number-treatment region grub survival number)/check plot grub survival number * 100% that goes down
Pod be injured rate=sub-district be injured the fruit number/sub-district overall result number * 100%
Sub-district rate of growth=(treatment region output-check plot output)/check plot output * 100%
2 results and analysis
The rate 2.1 the different disposal grub is gone down
As can be seen from Table 1, the processing of No. 1, rhabditis axei and No. 2, the quantity of its grub is less than the check plot greatly.Repeat among the I, No. 1 treatment region of rhabditis axei even is not found grub when sampling survey; Repeat among the II, 1/m of grub is also only found in rhabditic No. 1 and No. 2 processing when sampling survey
2, other sub-district grub amount has 2-4 head/m
2Three sub-district grub quantity that phoxim is handled are 6-9 head/m
2Three sub-district grub quantity of contrast reach 49-53 head/m
2It is 1.7/m that rhabditis axei is handled the par that repeats for three times No. 1 and No. 2
2With 2.0/m
2, all be lower than 2-3 head/m
2The standard of preventing and treating, the grub rate that goes down is respectively 96.6% and 96.1%.The average grub quantity of phoxim is 7.7/m
2, contrast goes down 84.8%.50.7/the m of grub quantity average out to of contrast
2, surpassed peanut field grub and prevented and treated standard.
The table 1 different disposal grub quantity that goes down
| Handle | Grub survival number (head/m 2) | The grub rate (%) that goes down | The significance of difference is analyzed | ||||
| I | II | III | On average | 5％ | 1％ | ||
| 1. No. 2 3. phoxims of No. 1 2. nematode of nematode 4. contrasts | 0 2 9 50 | 1 1 6 49 | 4 3 8 53 | 1.7 2.0 7.7 50.7 | 96.6 96.1 84.8 - | a a b c | A A B C |
2.2 different disposal is to the influence of peanut pod
Different disposal sees Table 2 to the influence of peanut pod.
Table 2 different disposal is to the influence of peanut pod
| Handle | The average result number is (individual/m 2) | The fruit number of being injured is (individual/m 2) | The pod rate (%) of being injured | Good fruit number is (individual/m 2) | Good fruit rate (%) | Heavy (the g/ m of good fruit 2) | ||||||
| I | II | III | On average | I | II | III | On average | |||||
| 1 | 237.7 | 0 | 5 | 9 | 4.7 | 2.0 | 234.5 | 239 | 232.5 | 233.0 | 98.0 | 365.3 |
| 23 contrasts | 204.0 256.2 246.5 | 6 19 120 | 3 19 91 | 8 22 134 | 5.7 20.0 115.0 | 2.8 7.8 46.7 | 213 253 124 | 190 230.5 115 | 192 225 155.5 | 198.3 236.2 131.5 | 97.2 92.2 53.3 | 364.0 325.3 190.0 |
Respectively handle the number of results of every square metre of peanut as can be seen from Table 2, except that second processing was less, the quantity as a result of other processing was equally matched, but it suffers the harm situation of grub to differ bigger.It is 4.7 and 5.7 that No. 1, rhabditis axei and nematode are handled every square metre of pod that is endangered for No. 2, it is 20 for every square metre that phoxim is handled the pod of being injured, and contrast reaches 115 unexpectedly, accounts for 46.7% of overall result number, and first three pod rate of being injured of handling is respectively 2.0%, 2.8% and 7.8%.Obviously, the difference of the pod quantity of being injured has influenced quantity and the weight of good fruit.233 of the good fruit quantity that No. 1 processing of rhabditis axei is average every square metre, good fruit rate accounts for 98%, weighs 365.3 grams; Rhabditis axei is handled 198.3 of average good fruit quantity for No. 2, and good fruit rate 97.2% weighs 364 grams; 236.2 of the average good fruit quantity that phoxim is handled, good fruit rate 92.2% weighs 325.3 grams; The average good fruit number of contrast is 131.5, and good fruit rate 53.3% weighs 190 grams.
2.3 different disposal is to the influence of peanut yield
By table 3 as seen, sub-district peanut pod dry weight, the output that No. 1, rhabditis axei and nematode are handled for No. 2 are all above 10kg, and two processing cell productions all reach 11.22kg among the highest repetition I, and its sub-district average yield is respectively 10.90kg and 10.92kg.It is 9.76kg that phoxim is handled the sub-district average yield, handles with rhabditis axei and compares, rate of growth low 20%.Contrast is because good really few, and not plump fruit is more, and its cell production only has 5.16-6.30kg, average 5.70kg.By calculating as can be known, rhabditis axei is handled for 1, No. 2 than phoxim processing and contrast and is increased production respectively more than 20% and 90%, amounts to into per mu yield and is respectively 242.2 kilograms and 242.8 kilograms, and comparison is according to (126.7kg/667m
2) increase production 115.5kg/667m respectively
2And 116.1kg/667m
2, through variance analysis, difference is extremely remarkable.
Table 3 different disposal is to the influence of peanut yield
| Handle | Cell production (kg/30m 2) | Amount to output (kg/667m 2) | Rate of growth (%) | The significance of difference is analyzed | ||||
| I | II | III | On average | 5％ | 1％ | |||
| 123 contrasts | 11.22 11.22 9.30 5.16 | 10.68 10.74 11.28 5.64 | 10.80 10.80 8.70 6.30 | 10.90 10.92 9.76 5.70 | 242.2 242.8 217.0 126.7 | 91.2 91.6 71.3 - | a a b c | A A B C |
3 brief summaries and discussion
This result of study shows that rhabditis axei control peanut field grub has special effect, vermins-proof effect all reaches more than 96%, make the pod hazard ratio be reduced to 2% and 2.8%, intact pod remains on 97%-98%, make 242 kilograms of every mu of volume increase of peanut, rate of growth is prevented and treated rate of growth raising 20% than using phoxim more than 91%.
Use quality and output that rhabditis axei control peanut field grub has been improved peanut pod.Though the pod quantity that nematode is handled for No. 2 is less, it has demonstrated fully Henan and has spent No. 10 feature, and three persons are in the majority in its good fruit, and pod is full, and single cave pod is weighed as 24.3g, surpasses other three processing, and output is the highest to making.Contrast is because not plump fruit is more, and weighing and have only 12.7g in single cave, causes cell production minimum.
This result of study shows that also Rhabditis (Oscheius) sp is easy to use, and the residual hazard of no chemical pesticide can be used as biological novel pesticide.In addition, that rhabditis axei has is widely distributed, aboundresources, in natural world advantage such as acquisitions easily, these characteristics are particularly important as the biological control preparation, think that thus rhabditis axei has exploitation value and promotion prospect.
Claims (5)
1. the application of rhabditis axei in control of grubs.
2. application according to claim 1 is characterized in that the rhabditis axei preparation is imposed on killed plant root in the plant root growth puberty.
3. application according to claim 2, described plant are peanut.
4. application according to claim 3, described rhabditis axei preparation amount of application is ten thousand/square metre of 3-50.
5. application according to claim 4, described rhabditis axei preparation amount of application is ten thousand/square metre of 20-30.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104855341A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-08-26 | 中国农业大学 | Application of rhabditidae in preventing and controlling walnut batocera horsfieldi |
| CN105028387A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-11-11 | 中国农业大学 | Insect nematode humectant and insect nematode preservation method |
| CN111543437A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-08-18 | 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Parasitic nematode preparation, preparation method and application |
-
2006
- 2006-05-17 CN CNB2006100119209A patent/CN100563445C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104855341A (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2015-08-26 | 中国农业大学 | Application of rhabditidae in preventing and controlling walnut batocera horsfieldi |
| CN104855341B (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2017-08-29 | 中国农业大学 | Application of the rhabditis axei in preventing and treating walnut batocera horsfieldi |
| CN105028387A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-11-11 | 中国农业大学 | Insect nematode humectant and insect nematode preservation method |
| CN105028387B (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2017-04-05 | 中国农业大学 | Insectivorous nematode NMF and Insectivorous nematode store method |
| CN111543437A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-08-18 | 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Parasitic nematode preparation, preparation method and application |
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| CN100563445C (en) | 2009-12-02 |
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