CN1866620B - Method for adaptively regulating intelligent antenna wave beam width - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-adjusting method of intelligent antenna beam breadth, which comprises the following steps: A. setting at least one descending beam breadth for base station intelligent antenna; B. affirming moving angle frequency corresponding to base station for user equipment; C. selecting descending beam shape for the descending beam breadth to satisfy the descending beam breadthmore than or equal the product of angle frequency and intelligent antenna beam direction adjusting time gap. The invention guarantees intelligent antenna beam to trace user equipment, when the angle frequency is large.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the intelligent antenna technology of time division duplex-S-CDMA (TD-SCDMA) mobile communication system, specially refer to the method for adaptively regulating intelligent antenna wave beam width.
Background technology
At present, the smart antenna that the TD-SCDMA system base-station adopts can generate two kinds of wave beams, and a kind of is omni-beam, is mainly used in descending pilot frequency or broadcast channel, and this wave beam does not need to generate the wave beam with directivity according to the current position of user, as shown in Figure 1a; Another kind is the business beam with directivity, is mainly used in subscriber equipment (UE) to carry out normal service communication, shown in Fig. 1 b.
When using above-mentioned smart antenna in the base station and different UE carrying out normal service communication, the base station will generate different business beams respectively for each UE, and these business beams will point to UE separately respectively, as shown in Figure 2.Under normal conditions, the smart antenna of existing TD-SCDMA system employing all is identical to the business beam width that all UE produce.
Those of ordinary skill in the art are appreciated that by adopting business beam as shown in Figure 2, that point to UE can effectively reduce the interference of wireless communication system.As shown in Figure 3, when base station and user UE_1 communicate, the business beam that it produces will point to UE_1, like this, for other users in the system, for example UE_2 and UE_3 and since these users with respect to the position deviation of base station the direction of UE_1 business beam, the interference signal energy that they can receive will reduce greatly.Therefore, the employing intelligent antenna technology can reduce the interference between same cells and the neighbor cell user effectively.In addition, because the reduction that signal disturbs between the UE, the capacity of system has just obtained corresponding raising.
In the system of existing employing smart antenna, in order to effectively reduce interference, the width that business beam is set usually is enough little.For example, for the linear smart antenna of 8 array elements that fan antenna adopts, half of the width of its business beam is about 7 °.In this case, nearer apart from the base station as UE, and with respect to the base station tangentially during rapid movement, just when UE is big with respect to the angular frequency of base station motion, the base station needs conversion beam direction fast enough could follow the tracks of the motion of UE.Stipulate according to agreement, the length of a subframe of TD-SCDMA system is fixed as 5ms, promptly in the time of 5ms, can realize one time data transmit-receive, in addition, consider smart antenna to received signal Base-Band Processing to producing the wave beam forming factor, and the whole process of using on down direction needs the time of 3～4 subframes usually, be about about 20ms, therefore, the TD-SCDMA system will reach 20ms usually to the adjustment time interval of beam direction, if reserve enough redundancy times for the adjustment of beam direction again, the described beam direction adjustment time interval will reach 40ms.In this case, if UE in the distance base station 50 meters during with interior position high-speed motion will cause the wave beam of smart antenna cannot aim at UE, thereby the situation of call drop will take place.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of method of adaptively regulating intelligent antenna wave beam width, make that the business beam that smart antenna generated still can be aimed at UE, thereby improves the reliability of TD-SCDMA system when UE is big with respect to the angular frequency of base station motion.
The method of adaptively regulating intelligent antenna wave beam width of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
A, more than one downlink wave beam width is set for the smart antenna of base station;
B, determine the angular frequency that subscriber equipment moves with respect to the base station;
The angular frequency that the subscriber equipment that C, basis are determined moves with respect to the base station, select a downlink wave beam width to carry out down beam shaping, satisfy the angular frequency and the product in the intelligent antenna beam direction adjustment time interval that selected downlink wave beam width moves with respect to the base station more than or equal to described subscriber equipment.
The angular frequency that the described subscriber equipment of step B moves with respect to the base station is a subscriber equipment with respect to the tangential component of base station rate travel and this subscriber equipment merchant to the distance of base station.
The angular frequency that the described subscriber equipment of step B moves with respect to the base station be subscriber equipment can mobile maximum rate in this sub-district and this subscriber equipment to the merchant of the distance of base station.
Of the present invention can mobile maximum rate be the maximum rate that subscriber equipment can move in its environment of living in.
The method of the invention further comprises: the figuration factor to the wave beam of base station intelligent antenna different in width is organized into groups, and makes the corresponding a kind of beamwidth of each figuration factor set;
The described down beam shaping of step C is: use corresponding figuration factor set to carry out down beam shaping according to selected downlink wave beam width.
The method of adaptively regulating intelligent antenna wave beam width of the present invention can also may further comprise the steps:
A, more than one downlink wave beam width is set for the smart antenna of base station;
B, the following formula of employing calculate the switching distance:
Wherein, N is the sum of set beamwidth, and θ i is i the beamwidth that described beamwidth is arranged in order from small to large, R
iBe described and switch i that distance is arranged in order from big to small and switch distance that V is that subscriber equipment can mobile maximum rate, T is the time interval that the beam direction adjustment is carried out in the base station;
And the described switching distance that will determine is arranged in order from big to small; The area dividing that described sub-district is covered is to switch the beamwidth zone of distance, the beamwidth zone that is less than or equal to minimum switching distance and the some beamwidths zone between adjacent switching distance greater than maximum, wherein, each beamwidth zone is corresponding with the beamwidth of a setting, and the beamwidth of the beamwidth zone correspondence far away more apart from the base station is narrow more;
C, determine the actual range of subscriber equipment apart from the base station, actual range and the described switching distance determined are compared, if described actual range is greater than the switching distance of described maximum, then described subscriber equipment is positioned at the beamwidth zone of switching distance greater than maximum; If described actual range is less than or equal to the switching distance of described minimum, then described subscriber equipment is positioned at and is less than or equal to minimum beamwidth zone of switching distance; If described actual range is between two adjacent switching distances, then described subscriber equipment is positioned at by these two beamwidth zones that the switching distance is determined, and selects the beamwidth corresponding with this subscriber equipment beamwidth of living in zone to carry out down beam shaping.
The method of the invention further comprises: the figuration factor to the wave beam of base station intelligent antenna different in width is organized into groups, and makes the corresponding a kind of beamwidth of each figuration factor set;
The described down beam shaping of step c is: use corresponding figuration factor set to carry out down beam shaping according to selected downlink wave beam width.
The method of the invention further comprises: between adjacent beamwidth zone transition region is set;
When subscriber equipment when a beamwidth zone moves to transition region, the downlink wave beam width that use the base station remains unchanged, when the user again when transition region moves to another beamwidth zone, the base station uses the described corresponding beamwidth in beamwidth zone that moves to carry out down beam shaping.
This shows, method of the present invention can dynamically be adjusted the downlink wave beam width of smart antenna according to UE with respect to the base station angular frequency, thereby when effectively having avoided angular frequency in UE motion big, the problem that existing intelligent antenna beam is not followed the tracks of UE.
In addition, though adopt the wave beam broad of adaptive beam width adjustment method of the present invention to generating at broad beam district UE, but because this region distance base station is nearer, therefore the transmitting power that needs is less, interference to other UE is also little, and is so finally also very little to the influence of the interference of whole TD-SCDMA network and capacity.
Fig. 1 a is the omni-beam that smart antenna generates;
Fig. 1 b is the business beam with directivity that smart antenna generates;
Fig. 2 is the business beam that different user generates for smart antenna;
Description of drawings
Fig. 3 is that the business beam of certain UE and the position of other UE of this sub-district concern schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 a is the described broad beam schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 b is the described narrow beam schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is that the described beamwidth of another preferred embodiment of the present invention switches the transition region schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is the described beamwidth area schematic of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
For the purpose, technical scheme and the advantage that make invention is clearer, below with reference to the accompanying drawing embodiment that develops simultaneously, the present invention is described in further detail.
In order to solve the angular frequency that moves at UE when big, downlink wave beam can't be followed the tracks of user's problem, the expectation base station can be adjusted the downlink wave beam width of smart antenna according to UE with respect to the size adaptation of base station traveling angle frequencies omega, when promptly the angular frequency that moves at UE is big, adopt the downlink wave beam of wider width to send data, and the angular frequency that moves at UE hour, adopts the narrower downlink wave beam of width to send data.Therefore, the method for the invention mainly may further comprise the steps:
A, more than one downlink wave beam width is set for the smart antenna of base station;
Can determine according to the smart antenna parameters of the actual employing of TD-SCDMA system at a plurality of downlink wave beam width that this step is set.
B, determine the angular frequency that UE moves with respect to the base station;
The angular frequency that the UE that C, basis are determined moves with respect to the base station selects a downlink wave beam width to carry out down beam shaping.
For the wave beam that makes the base station generation can cover UE, beamwidth, the time interval of intelligent antenna beam direction adjustment and the angular frequency that UE moves with respect to the base station that this UE needs need satisfy following requirement: the beamwidth that smart antenna generates is greater than or equals UE and amasss with adjustment time interval T is with respect to base station traveling angle frequencies omega.
Because in the application of reality, translational speed and the direction of UE change, and the base station is difficult to know the translational speed parameter of UE, therefore, the base station can't be known the angular frequency that UE moves in advance, thereby cause in the beamwidth adjustment process of reality, the base station is difficult to realize according to UE traveling angle frequency the beamwidth of smart antenna being adjusted.
Consider angular frequency that UE moves with respect to the base station for this UE with respect to the tangential component of base station rate travel and this UE merchant to the distance of base station.To calculate in order further simplifying, can in the sub-district, can to replace the tangential component of above-mentioned UE by mobile maximum rate with UE with respect to the base station rate travel.Therefore,, just can calculate the maximum angular frequencies omega m that this UE moves with respect to the base station if known UE can mobile maximum rate V in the sub-district to the distance L of base station and UE,
。Wherein, UE can mobile maximum rate V can be according to the surrounding enviroment of base station, for example, road speed limit of base station periphery or the like condition is determined.At this moment, the method for dynamically adjusting intelligent antenna wave beam width to the distance of base station according to UE will be equivalent to the method that the angular frequency that moves with respect to the base station according to UE is adjusted the beamwidth of smart antenna, and the former is more simple.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, smart antenna is set has wide and narrow two kinds of beamwidths, shown in Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b, wherein, the concrete width of these two kinds of wave beams can be determined according to the smart antenna parameters of the actual employing of TD-SCDMA system.Simultaneously, preestablish distance R between a UE and the base station, be called the switching distance as the distance of switching between wide, the narrow beam.In the present embodiment, described switching distance R is that the assurance base station uses narrow beam still can effectively follow the tracks of the minimum range of the UE of UE moving direction apart from the base station, R can mobile maximum rate V according to beamwidth θ 1, the UE of narrow beam, and time interval T that beam direction adjusts is carried out in the base station, and (about 20～40ms) determine that its computing formula is usually
。Therefore, during greater than R, have to the distance L of base station at UE
Obtain through deriving satisfying this moment
, so the time narrow beam can cover UE.This shows, in the above-described embodiments with UE to the distance of base station with switch relation between the distance as the Rule of judgment of beamwidth adjustment and above-mentioned to carry out according to the UE angular frequency that beamwidth is adjusted on the principle be consistent.
To the TD-SCDMA system, all users in sub-district are uplink synchronous, and the base station will be by controlling the transmitting time lead T that each user sends business datum
AdvMake the upstream data of each user in this sub-district arrive the base station simultaneously, therefore, the base station can be according to the transmitting time lead T of each UE
AdvCalculate the distance L of each UE to the base station, its computing formula is: L=T
Adv* C, wherein, C is the light velocity.
Determining UE after the distance of base station, the base station just can be carried out beamwidth with the size of switching distance R according to the distance L of determining and switched.The concrete grammar that described beamwidth switches is: when UE when the distance L of base station is less than or equal to R, broad beam transmission data are used in the base station; And when UE to the distance L of base station during greater than R, the base station uses narrow beam to send data.
In order to prevent the switching of frequent beamwidth, in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, near described switching distance, be provided with a transition region as shown in Figure 5, the interior ring radius R 1 of transition region, outer shroud radius R 2, and make R1≤R＜R2.Zone in interior ring radius R 1 inside is called the broad beam district, is called the narrow beam district in the zone of outer shroud radius R 2 outsides, and the zone between R1 and R2 is called transition region.
When UE moves away the broad beam district, when entering transition region, be UE to the distance of base station greater than R11 during less than R2, the wave beam of this UE of aligning that the base station generates will keep broad beam constant, leave transition region up to UE and arrive the narrow beam district, be UE to the distance of base station greater than R2 after, the downlink wave beam that this UE just will be aimed in the base station switches to narrow beam.Otherwise, leave the narrow beam district at UE, when entering into transition region, be UE to the distance of base station less than R2 during greater than R1, the base station will keep narrow beam constant, when UE enters the broad beam district, be UE to the distance of base station during less than R1, just the downlink wave beam with this UE changes broad beam into.This shows, when UE is mobile in the edge in broad beam district, narrow beam district and transition region, will can not brings the change of beamwidth, thereby can effectively avoid the frequent switching of beamwidth.
In order to adapt to more complex environment, the wave beam of multiple width can also be set according to the situation of smart antenna, and determine the switching distance between described beamwidth, switched according to set beamwidth, the zone that the sub-district is covered according to the switching distance of determining is divided into more than one beamwidth zone according to the distance of distance base station again, wherein, each beamwidth zone is corresponding with the beamwidth of a setting, guarantees that the corresponding beamwidth in the beamwidth zone far away more apart from the base station is narrow more; And after definite UE arrives the actual range of base station, actual range and the described switching distance of determining compared, determine the beamwidth zone at UE place, select corresponding beamwidth to carry out down beam shaping again.
Specifically, determine the method for described switching distance and above-mentioned that the method for switching distance R is set is basic identical, following formula is adopted in described calculating:
Wherein, N is the number of set beamwidth, θ
iBe i the beamwidth of described beamwidth after being arranged in order from small to large, R
iFor described after switching distance and being arranged in order from big to small i switched distance, V is that subscriber equipment can mobile maximum rate, and T is the time interval that the beam direction adjustment is carried out in the base station.
The N-1 that aforementioned calculation obtains switches distance and is followed successively by R from big to small
1, R
2..., R
N-1This N-1 switch scope division that distance covers this sub-district be N regional, be called the beamwidth zone, and the beamwidth with a setting is corresponding respectively in each beamwidth zone.As shown in Figure 6, apart from the base station greater than R
1The zone be beamwidth zone 1, with the narrowest beamwidth θ
1Corresponding; Be less than or equal to R apart from the base station
1, greater than R
2The zone be beamwidth zone 2, with beamwidth time narrow θ
2Corresponding; ...; Be less than or equal to R apart from the base station
N-1The zone be beamwidth zone N, with the wideest beamwidth θ
NCorresponding.
Send the transmitting time lead T of business datum by each UE in the base station
AdvAfter calculating the actual range of each UE, just each UE actual range and described switching distance can be compared apart from the base station, thus the beamwidth zone at definite each UE place.For example, through calculating the actual range L of a UE, as L＞R to the base station
1The time, can determine that this UE is positioned at beamwidth zone 1, should use beamwidth θ
1Carry out down beam shaping; Work as R
J+1＜L≤R
j, j=1～N-2 can determine that then this UE is positioned at beamwidth zone j+1, should use beamwidth θ
J+1Carry out down beam shaping; And as L≤R
N-1The time, can determine that this UE is positioned at beamwidth zone N, should use beamwidth θ
NCarry out down beam shaping.
Equally, switch for fear of frequent beamwidth, have under the situation of a plurality of beamwidths, also can between adjacent beamwidth zone, transition region be set, guarantee when subscriber equipment when a beamwidth zone moves to transition region, the downlink wave beam width that use the base station remains unchanged, and when the user again when transition region moves to another beamwidth zone, the base station uses the beamwidth of the described beamwidth zone correspondence that moves to carry out down beam shaping.
For smart antenna, the change of downlink wave beam width can promptly only simply change its figuration factor and just can change the beamwidth that smart antenna generates by different phase place and the amplitudes of each antenna element input in the smart antenna array realized.Therefore, in actual mechanical process, can organize into groups the figuration factor of the wave beam of smart antenna different in width, the corresponding a kind of beamwidth of each figuration factor set, then new figuration factor set is handed down to the performance element of down beam shaping, the performance element of down beam shaping will select the figuration factor set of corresponding beamwidth to carry out down beam shaping according to current beamwidth.
This shows, method of the present invention can according to UE to the base station apart from the adaptive regulating down beamwidth, thereby when effectively having avoided angular frequency in UE motion big, the problem that existing intelligent antenna beam is not followed the tracks of UE.In addition, though adopt the wave beam broad of adaptive beam width adjustment method of the present invention to generating at broad beam district UE, but because this region distance base station is nearer, therefore the transmitting power that needs is less, therefore, interference to other UE is very little, and is so finally also very little to the influence of the interference of whole TD-SCDMA network and capacity.
Claims (8)
1. the method for an adaptively regulating intelligent antenna wave beam width is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A, more than one downlink wave beam width is set for the smart antenna of base station;
B, determine the angular frequency that subscriber equipment moves with respect to the base station;
The angular frequency that the subscriber equipment that C, basis are determined moves with respect to the base station, select a downlink wave beam width to carry out down beam shaping, satisfy the angular frequency and the product in the intelligent antenna beam direction adjustment time interval that selected downlink wave beam width moves with respect to the base station more than or equal to described subscriber equipment.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the angular frequency that the described subscriber equipment of step B moves with respect to the base station be subscriber equipment can mobile maximum rate in this sub-district and this subscriber equipment to the merchant of the distance of base station.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described can mobile maximum rate be the maximum rate that subscriber equipment can move in its environment of living in.
4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, described method further comprises: the figuration factor to the wave beam of base station intelligent antenna different in width is organized into groups, and makes the corresponding a kind of beamwidth of each figuration factor set;
The described down beam shaping of step C is: use corresponding figuration factor set to carry out down beam shaping according to selected downlink wave beam width.
5. the method for an adaptively regulating intelligent antenna wave beam width is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A, more than one downlink wave beam width is set for the smart antenna of base station;
B, the following formula of employing calculate the switching distance:
Wherein, N is the sum of set beamwidth, θ
iBe i the beamwidth that described beamwidth is arranged in order from small to large, R
iBe described and switch i that distance is arranged in order from big to small and switch distance that V is that subscriber equipment can mobile maximum rate, T is the time interval that the beam direction adjustment is carried out in the base station;
And the described switching distance that will determine is arranged in order from big to small; The area dividing that described sub-district is covered is to switch the beamwidth zone of distance, the beamwidth zone that is less than or equal to minimum switching distance and the some beamwidths zone between adjacent switching distance greater than maximum, wherein, each beamwidth zone is corresponding with the beamwidth of a setting, and the beamwidth of the beamwidth zone correspondence far away more apart from the base station is narrow more;
C, determine the actual range of subscriber equipment apart from the base station, actual range and the described switching distance determined are compared, if described actual range is greater than the switching distance of described maximum, then described subscriber equipment is positioned at the beamwidth zone of switching distance greater than maximum; If described actual range is less than or equal to the switching distance of described minimum, then described subscriber equipment is positioned at and is less than or equal to minimum beamwidth zone of switching distance; If described actual range is between two adjacent switching distances, then described subscriber equipment is positioned at by these two beamwidth zones that the switching distance is determined, and selects the beamwidth corresponding with this subscriber equipment beamwidth of living in zone to carry out down beam shaping.
6. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described can mobile maximum rate be the maximum rate that subscriber equipment can move in its environment of living in.
7. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described method further comprises: the figuration factor to the wave beam of base station intelligent antenna different in width is organized into groups, and makes the corresponding a kind of beamwidth of each figuration factor set;
The described down beam shaping of step c is: use corresponding figuration factor set to carry out down beam shaping according to selected downlink wave beam width.
8. method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described method further comprises: between adjacent beamwidth zone transition region is set;
When subscriber equipment when a beamwidth zone moves to transition region, the downlink wave beam width that use the base station remains unchanged, when the user again when transition region moves to another beamwidth zone, the base station uses the described corresponding beamwidth in beamwidth zone that moves to carry out down beam shaping.
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| CN101442757B (en) * | 2007-11-21 | 2013-01-23 | ***通信集团公司 | Method for setting intelligent antenna system and apparatus and system thereof |
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| US11582756B2 (en) | 2018-09-24 | 2023-02-14 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | System and method for beam management |
| CN112511278B (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2022-08-09 | 上海华为技术有限公司 | Data transmission method and device |
| CN111465026B (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2023-04-14 | 北京拓明科技有限公司 | Antenna weight parameter adjusting method |
| CN112188392B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-10-25 | 上海物骐微电子有限公司 | Wireless equipment beam adjusting method |
| CN116781115B (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2024-03-26 | 南方科技大学 | Method and device for tracking dynamic beam of extended target and terminal equipment |
| CN115361676B (en) * | 2022-10-19 | 2023-01-03 | 天地信息网络研究院(安徽)有限公司 | Directional ad hoc network neighbor discovery method based on self-adaptive adjustment of beam width |
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| Tuan Do-Hong, Peter Russer.Signal processing for wideband smart antenna arrayapplications.IEEE Microwave Magazine5 1.2004,57-67. |
| Tuan Do-Hong, Peter Russer.Signal processing for wideband smart antenna arrayapplications.IEEE Microwave Magazine5 1.2004,57-67. * |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1866620A (en) | 2006-11-22 |
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