CN1858638A - 光学补偿双折射模式液晶显示装置 - Google Patents
光学补偿双折射模式液晶显示装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种OCB模式LCD装置。该OCB模式LCD装置包括:置于基板之间的液晶单元,其在预定方向上被摩擦;上相位延迟膜,其设置在该液晶单元上;上圆偏振板,其设置在该上相位延迟膜下;下相位延迟膜,其与该上相位延迟膜对称地设置;以及下圆偏振板,其与该上圆偏振板对称地设置且包括与该上圆偏振板的光轴垂直的光轴。所述偏振板的该光轴方向与所述液晶单元的摩擦方向相同,从而补偿由具有弯曲结构的液晶分子导致的相位延迟且实现全黑状态同时确保宽视角特性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及液晶显示(LCD)装置。更具体地,本发明涉及具有宽视角特性、快的响应速度和高分辨率功能的OCB(光学补偿双折射)模式LCD装置。
背景技术
如本领域所普遍公知的,LCD装置可以以紧凑的尺寸制造,其具有轻的重量、低电压驱动和低能耗功能。由于上述优点,LCD装置代替阴极射线管(CRT)而被广泛开发。特别地,薄膜晶体管(TFT)LCD装置能提供大尺寸显示屏幕同时实现类似CTR的良好图像质量和优异色彩,因此TFT LCD装置已经在各种信息和技术领域受到关注。
这样的LCD装置主要包括形成有TFT和象素电极的阵列基板、形成有滤色器(color filter)和对电极(counter electrode)的滤色器基板、以及设置在阵列基板和滤色器基板之间的液晶层。通常主要将扭转向列(TN)模式液晶用于LCD装置。
然而,尽管TN模式LCD装置具有高对比度,但是它表现出低的响应速度和窄的视角特性。为此,已经提出了具有改进的视角特性和快的响应速度的OCB(optically compensated bend:光学补偿弯曲)模式LCD装置。
图1示出传统OCB模式LCD装置的结构。
参照图1,传统OCB模式LCD装置包括上基板12a、下基板12b、置于上和下基板12a和12b之间的液晶单元(liquid crystal cell)10、对称地设置在液晶单元10的上部和下部的上和下偏振板(polarizing plate)14a和14b、以及分别置于上和下偏振板14a和14b与液晶单元10之间的相位补偿膜13a和13b。
液晶单元10沿预定方向被摩擦且液晶单元10中包含的液晶分子11根据液晶单元10的该摩擦方向排列。
当电压施加到液晶单元10时,液晶分子11以弯曲结构重新排列且光透过液晶分子11。
上和下偏振板14a和14b是线性偏振板,其中上偏振板14a的光轴(optical axis)垂直于下偏振板14b的光轴取向。
另外,如图2所示,上和下偏振板14a和14b的光轴(a和b)分别从摩擦方向(c)倾斜45°角。
提供相位补偿膜13a和13b从而补偿LCD装置中产生的相位延迟。即,当通过施加电压到液晶单元10而以弯曲结构的形式重新排列液晶分子11时,相位补偿膜13a和13b可补偿由在上和下基板12a和12b附近未垂直排列的液晶分子11导致的相位延迟。换言之,如果偏振态由于未垂直排列的液晶分子11而变化,则不能在LCD装置正面获得全黑状态(completely darkstate)。在这种情况下,相位补偿膜13a和13b补偿由未垂直排列的液晶分子11导致的相位延迟。
根据具有上述结构的传统OCB模式LCD装置,通过施加电压到液晶单元10来以弯曲结构的形式排列液晶分子11,使得光可通过液晶分子11,且由在上和下基板12a和12b附近未垂直排列的液晶分子11导致的相位延迟借助于相位补偿膜13a和13b被补偿,从而获得全黑状态。
这样的全黑状态可通过利用相位补偿膜13a和13b完全补偿相位延迟来实现。为此,必需精确设计相位补偿膜13a和13b,使得它们能够完全补偿液晶分子的相位延迟。
然而,很难精确设计相位补偿膜13a和13b,因而难以得到全黑状态。
发明内容
因此,本发明致力于解决现有技术中存在的上述问题,本发明的一个目的是提供能够通过仅补偿相位延迟实现全黑状态的OCB模式LCD装置。
为了达到上述目的,根据本发明,提供一种OCB模式LCD装置,包括:置于一对基板之间的液晶单元,所述一对基板彼此间隔开且其相对表面被摩擦;设置在该液晶单元的上部的上相位延迟膜;设置在该上相位延迟膜的上部的上圆偏振板;与该上相位延迟膜对称地设置在该液晶单元的下部的下相位延迟膜;以及与该上圆偏振板对称地设置在该下相位延迟膜的下部且包括与该上圆偏振板的光轴垂直地取向的光轴的下圆偏振板。
根据本发明的优选实施例,该上圆偏振板包括上线性偏振板和堆叠在该上线性偏振板上并同时面对该液晶单元的上λ/4相位延迟板,且该下圆偏振板包括下线性偏振板和堆叠在该下线性偏振板上并同时面对该液晶单元的下λ/4相位延迟板。
该上和下线性偏振板的光轴之一取向在与该基板的摩擦方向相同的方向上。
该上和下λ/4相位延迟板的光轴之一相对于该基板的摩擦方向倾斜45°角。
优选地,该上和下相位延迟膜在其正面方向(front direction)上具有约20至100nm的相位延迟范围且在其厚度方向上具有约200至400nm的相位延迟范围。
另外,对应于可见光的波长范围,该上和下λ/4相位延迟板具有λ/4相位延迟值。
根据本发明,该上和下相位延迟膜分别包括正面相位延迟膜和斜向相位延迟膜。
优选地,该上和下相位延迟膜分别可用双轴膜替代。
附图说明
结合附图,本发明的上述和其它目的、特征和优点将从下面的详细描述中更加明显,附图中:
图1是分解透视图,示出传统OCB模式LCD装置;
图2是示出图1所示的偏振板的光轴和液晶单元的摩擦方向的视图;
图3是分解透视图,示出根据本发明一实施例的OCB模式LCD装置;
图4A是示出当使用或不使用正面相位延迟膜时作为电压的函数的透射率的模拟结果的曲线图;
图4B是示出当使用或不使用正面相位延迟膜时作为电压的函数的透射率的实际测量结果的曲线图;
图5是示出图3所示的线性偏振板的光轴和液晶单元的摩擦方向的视图;
图6A是示出表示图1所示的传统OCB模式LCD装置的视角特性的模拟值的等高线图;
图6B是示出表示图3所示的OCB模式LCD装置的视角特性的模拟值的等高线图;以及
图7是透视图,示出根据本发明另一实施例的相位延迟膜。
具体实施方式
下面,将参照附图描述本发明。
图3是分解透视图,示出根据本发明一实施例的OCB模式LCD装置。
参照图3,本发明的OCB模式LCD装置包括液晶单元110、相位延迟膜120和130、以及圆偏振板140和150。
液晶单元110包括液晶分子111且置于沿预定方向被摩擦的一对基板170之间。液晶分子111沿摩擦方向排列。此处,该预定方向定义为X轴方向。
相位延迟膜120和130包括上相位延迟膜120和下相位延迟膜130。另外,上和下相位延迟膜120和130分别包括上和下正面相位延迟膜(frontphase delay film)121和131以及上和下斜向相位延迟膜(inclined phase delayfilm)122和132。
上和下相位延迟膜120和130对称地设置在液晶单元110的上部和下部。
另外,上和下正面相位延迟膜121和131面对液晶单元110的同时分别堆叠在上和下斜向相位延迟膜122和132上。
提供上和下正面相位延迟膜121和131从而补偿在OCB模式LCD装置正面的相位延迟,所以它们具有与液晶单元110的摩擦方向垂直的光轴。为了实现足够的亮度,上和下正面相位延迟膜121和131在OCB模式LCD装置的开启状态(On-state)具有与延迟值对应的补偿值。
图4A和4B是示出当使用或不使用上和下正面相位延迟膜121和131时作为电压的函数的透射率的模拟结果和实际测量结果的曲线图。
在图4A和4B中,“(m)”表示当未使用上和下正面相位延迟膜121和131时的模拟结果和实际测量结果,“(n)”表示当使用上和下正面相位延迟膜121和131时的模拟结果和实际测量结果。
参照图4A和4B,该模拟结果和实际测量结果显示采用上和下正面相位延迟膜121和131得到的透射率值比未使用上和下正面相位延迟膜121和131得到的透射率值更接近地收敛到“0”。即,当使用上和下正面相位延迟膜121和131时可实现全黑状态。
圆偏振板140和150包括上圆偏振板140和下圆偏振板150。上圆偏振板140包括上λ/4相位延迟板142和上线性偏振板141,下圆偏振板150包括下λ/4相位延迟板152和下线性偏振板151。
上和下圆偏振板140和150分别设置在上和下相位延迟膜120和130的上部和下部。
另外,上和下λ/4相位延迟板142和152面对液晶单元110的同时分别堆叠在上和下线性偏振板141和151上。
上和下线性偏振板141和151的光轴彼此垂直设置。根据本发明,上线性偏振板141的光轴沿X轴方向延伸且下线性偏振板151的光轴沿Y轴方向延伸。然而,也可以将上和下线性偏振板141和151的光轴分别沿Y轴和X轴方向设置。
此处,如图5所示,上和下线性偏振板141和151的光轴之一,例如光轴(e)设置在与液晶单元110的摩擦方向(d)相同的方向上。
根据传统OCB模式LCD装置,在上和下线性偏振板的光轴方向上可得到宽视角。然而,视角会在上和下线性偏振板的光轴之间倾斜,因此上线性偏振板可相对于下线性偏振板不维持正交,使得液晶分子的排列偏离上和下线性偏振板的光轴方向。
因此,会发生光泄漏,使得在上和下线性偏振板的光轴方向上不能得到全黑状态。
根据本发明,为了防止光泄漏,上和下线性偏振板141和151的光轴之一(例如光轴(e))排列在与液晶单元110的摩擦方向(d)相同的方向上。因此,即使视角倾斜时液晶分子111也与该光轴方向对应地排列,从而实现全黑状态且最大化视角。
上和下λ/4相位延迟板142和152的光轴彼此垂直。此时,上和下λ/4相位延迟板142和152的光轴(f)可相对于液晶单元110的摩擦方向(d)分别形成45°和-45°角。上述角对于液晶单元110的开启(on)/关闭(off)操作是优选的。
另外,相位延迟膜120和130在其正面方向(front direction)上具有约20至100nm的相位延迟范围且在其厚度方向(thickness direction)上具有约200至400nm的相位延迟范围。
即,相位延迟膜120和130在正面方向上具有(nx-ny)×d=20~100nm的相位延迟值且在厚度方向上具有{(nx+ny)/2-nz}×d=200~400nm的相位延迟值,其中n是折射率且d是单元间隙(cell gap)。
另外,为了最小化取决于波长的特性变化,上和下λ/4相位延迟板142和152在与可见光的波长范围对应的约400至800nm的范围内具有λ/4相位延迟值。
图6A和6B是分别示出表示传统OCB模式LCD装置和根据本发明的OCB模式LCD装置的视角特性的模拟值的等高线图,其中液晶的Δn和Δε分别是0.159和10,沿正面方向和厚度方向的相位延迟值分别是31nm和350nm。
从图6A和6B可知,根据本发明的OCB模式LCD装置的视角比传统OCB模式LCD装置的视角宽。这意味着根据本发明的OCB模式LCD装置的视角特性优于传统OCB模式LCD装置的视角特性。
另外,根据本发明另一实施例,如图7所示,双轴膜160可用于上和下相位延迟膜。即,包括斜向相位延迟膜122和132以及正面相位延迟膜121和131的上和下相位延迟膜120和130可由双轴膜160代替。
根据具有上述结构的OCB模式LCD装置,上和下线性偏振板的光轴之一设置在与液晶单元的摩擦方向相同的方向上,λ/4相位延迟板分别堆叠在上和下线性偏振板上,从而补偿当电压施加到液晶单元时引起的相位延迟。因此,OCB模式LCD装置可具有改进的光学视角特性和快的响应速度。
如上所述,根据本发明的OCB模式LCD装置,偏振板的光轴方向设置在与液晶单元的摩擦方向相同的方向上,从而容易地补偿具有弯曲结构的液晶分子导致的相位延迟。因此,可以实现全黑状态同时确保宽视角特性。
尽管用于示例目的而描述了本发明的优选实施例,但是本领域技术人员将明白,在不偏离所附权利要求公开的本发明的范围和思想的情况下,各种修改、附加和替换是可行的。
Claims (8)
1.一种OCB模式LCD装置,包括:
液晶单元,其置于一对基板之间,所述一对基板彼此间隔开且其相对的表面被摩擦;
上相位延迟膜,其设置在该液晶单元的上部;
上圆偏振板,其设置在该上相位延迟膜的上部;
下相位延迟膜,其与该上相位延迟膜对称地设置在该液晶单元的下部;以及
下圆偏振板,其与该上圆偏振板对称地设置在该下相位延迟膜的下部且包括与该上圆偏振板的光轴垂直地设置的光轴。
2.如权利要求1所述的OCB模式LCD装置,其中所述上圆偏振板包括上线性偏振板和堆叠在该上线性偏振板上同时面对该液晶单元的上λ/4相位延迟板,且所述下圆偏振板包括下线性偏振板和堆叠在该下线性偏振板上同时面对该液晶单元的下λ/4相位延迟板。
3.如权利要求2所述的OCB模式LCD装置,其中所述上和下线性偏振板的光轴中的一个设置在与所述基板的摩擦方向相同的方向上。
4.如权利要求2所述的OCB模式LCD装置,其中所述上和下λ/4相位延迟板的光轴中的一个相对于所述基板的摩擦方向倾斜45°角。
5.如权利要求2所述的OCB模式LCD装置,其中所述上和下相位延迟膜在其正面方向上具有约20至100nm的相位延迟范围且在其厚度方向上具有约200至400nm的相位延迟范围。
6.如权利要求2所述的OCB模式LCD装置,其中所述上和下λ/4相位延迟板在与可见光的波长范围对应的约400至800nm的范围内具有λ/4相位延迟值。
7.如权利要求1所述的OCB模式LCD装置,其中所述上和下相位延迟膜分别包括正面相位延迟膜和斜向相位延迟膜。
8.如权利要求1所述的OCB模式LCD装置,其中所述上和下相位延迟膜分别由双轴膜代替。
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CN112698527A (zh) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-23 | 天马微电子股份有限公司 | 液晶显示面板及显示装置 |
CN113490881A (zh) * | 2019-04-12 | 2021-10-08 | 脸谱科技有限责任公司 | 具有π单元的宽带和宽视角波片 |
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US20090002609A1 (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2009-01-01 | Mitsutaka Okita | Liquid crystal display device |
RU2444034C1 (ru) * | 2008-04-07 | 2012-02-27 | Шарп Кабусики Кайся | Устройство жидкокристаллического дисплея |
KR20090119450A (ko) * | 2008-05-16 | 2009-11-19 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 액정 표시 장치 및 그 제조 방법 |
JP2020085931A (ja) * | 2018-11-15 | 2020-06-04 | シャープ株式会社 | 液晶表示装置 |
CN112255794B (zh) * | 2020-10-28 | 2022-07-19 | 上海悠睿光学有限公司 | 光学模组、近眼显示装置和光投射方法 |
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CN1143164C (zh) * | 1997-04-23 | 2004-03-24 | 夏普公司 | 反射型液晶显示装置及由其构成的触摸板一体式反射型液晶显示装置 |
KR100735272B1 (ko) * | 2000-12-05 | 2007-07-03 | 비오이 하이디스 테크놀로지 주식회사 | 광학적으로 보상된 밴드 모드 액정 표시 장치 |
EP1421138A1 (en) * | 2001-08-29 | 2004-05-26 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Method for producing optical compensating film, optical compensating film, circularly polarizing plate, and liquid crystal display |
DE60205942T2 (de) * | 2001-12-12 | 2006-05-18 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Biaxial film |
KR20040061343A (ko) * | 2002-12-30 | 2004-07-07 | 엘지.필립스 엘시디 주식회사 | 오. 씨. 비 모드 액정표시장치 |
JP4228973B2 (ja) * | 2004-04-08 | 2009-02-25 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 液晶表示装置および電子機器 |
JP3901172B2 (ja) * | 2004-05-28 | 2007-04-04 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 液晶表示装置および電子機器 |
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CN113490881A (zh) * | 2019-04-12 | 2021-10-08 | 脸谱科技有限责任公司 | 具有π单元的宽带和宽视角波片 |
CN112698527A (zh) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-23 | 天马微电子股份有限公司 | 液晶显示面板及显示装置 |
CN112698527B (zh) * | 2020-12-30 | 2023-04-18 | 天马微电子股份有限公司 | 液晶显示面板及显示装置 |
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US20060250547A1 (en) | 2006-11-09 |
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KR100762034B1 (ko) | 2007-09-28 |
TW200639534A (en) | 2006-11-16 |
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