CN1854169A - Production of polyaniline micro/nanometer fibre - Google Patents
Production of polyaniline micro/nanometer fibre Download PDFInfo
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- CN1854169A CN1854169A CN 200510046285 CN200510046285A CN1854169A CN 1854169 A CN1854169 A CN 1854169A CN 200510046285 CN200510046285 CN 200510046285 CN 200510046285 A CN200510046285 A CN 200510046285A CN 1854169 A CN1854169 A CN 1854169A
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Abstract
Production of polyphenyl micro/nanometer fiber is carried out by polymerizing by oil/water two-phase interface in proportion of oxidant concentration: monomer concentration>=2:4, reactive medium in water phase can be organic acid or organic benzenesulfonic acid and reactive medium concentration is >=0.5mol/L. It has standard production and more yield.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to material technology, a kind of new preparation technology of polyaniline micro/nano-fibre of high yield is provided especially.
Background technology:
Conductive polymers is because it gathers the chemistry of compound and mechanical characteristics and metal and semi-conductive light, electricity, magnetic property in one, thereby is called as " synthesizing metal " (Synthetic Metals).A large amount of research has shown that intrinsic conducting polymer is the macromolecular chain with conjugated link(age), and by the new technology of chemistry or electrochemical doping, its specific conductivity can change (10 in the broad range of isolator semiconductor one metallic conductor
-9～10
5S/cm), this is that present any material is incomparable.Development through surplus 20 years, remove after the polyacetylene, the better conductive polymers of a series of chemical stabilities is found and is systematically studied, as polyaniline (PAni), polypyrrole (PPy), Polythiophene (PT), poly-to vinylbenzene (PPV) and their derivative.It is compared with inorganic conductive material, have excellent physics and chemical property, but as the adjustability of specific conductivity, structure diversity processing forming etc., thereby make it demonstrate the application prospect that has potentiality in fields such as physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, electronics, the energy and military defenses, therefore the research to conduction high polymer not only has great value in theory, and has huge using value.
In numerous conducting polymer composites, the research of polyacetylene the earliest, and is and the most deep.Yet because its preparation condition is relatively harsh, and resistance of oxidation and environmental stability are poor, bring difficulty to practicability.For other conjugated polymers, polyaniline (polyaniline) is one of the fastest conductive polymers of present progress.Its reason is that polyaniline has following tempting unique advantage: raw material is easy to get, and synthetic simple, productive rate is higher; Good environmental stability; Unique doping phenomenon; Excellent electrochemical properties, electromagnetic microwave absorptive character and optical property; Potential solution and melt-processable, the easily soft and good electrochromism ability of film forming and film.Therefore although PAni exploitation ground is later, suddenly become one of the focus of conducting polymer research and impellent, having become at present has most one of the conducting polymer of application prospect kind
[1-3]
Recently, Huang (J.Huang, S.Virji, B.H.Weiller, R.B.Kaner.Polyanilinenanofibers:facile synthesis and chemical sensors.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2003,125,314-315; ) wait employing oil/water termination polymerization (aqueous/organic interfacialpolymerization:IP) to synthesize polyaniline nano fiber.Interesting is that the PAni nanofiber for preparing with this method just can form uniform and stable dispersion liquid and the dedoping reaction does not take place in water, be a kind of environment amenable New Machining Technology therefore; Simultaneously, with the film of its casting with compare with the film of traditional water solution new technology synthetic PAni casting, in gas phase, have faster dopings/dedoping time response, be expected on transmitter, to obtain application.But the productive rate of they synthetic nanometer fibrous PAni has only 6～10%, and this has limited its large-scale application to a certain extent.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of new preparation technology of polyaniline micro/nano-fibre of high yield, it is characterized in that: adopt oil/water two-phase interface polymerization to prepare polyaniline; Oxidant concentration: monomer concentration 〉=2: 4.With respect to prior art, oxidant concentration obviously improves.
The preparation method of polyaniline micro/nano-fibre of the present invention is characterized in that: the concentration 〉=0.5mol/L of the reaction medium acid of aqueous phase.The reaction medium acid of aqueous phase can be organic acid, the acid of especially organic Phenylsulfonic acid class macromole.
The preparation method of polyaniline micro/nano-fibre of the present invention is characterized in that: the polyreaction of described oil/water two-phase interface polymerization is carried out in immiscible two-phase system: aniline is dissolved in the oil phase (organic phase); During oxygenant and sour doping agent then are soluble in the aqueous phase.Aniline is dissolved in the oil phase (organic phase), and the solvent of employing can be CHCl
3Oxygenant in being soluble in the aqueous phase can be ammonium persulphate.Sour doping agent in being soluble in the aqueous phase can be following: p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid TSA, camphorsulfonic acid CSA, Witco 1298 Soft Acid DBSA, organic Phenylsulfonic acid class doping agents such as beta-naphthalenesulfonic-acid NSA.
The preparation method of polyaniline micro/nano-fibre provided by the invention, the reactor that adopts oil/water termination polymerization to prepare polyaniline fiber is a separating funnel.
Polyphenyl fiber preparation method provided by the invention, the material polymerization degree that obtains by oil/water termination polymerization is 300～3000; The polyaniline fiber mean diameter of preparing is 50～200nm, and the room-temperature conductivity of briquetting sample does not reduce, and still is 1～5S/cm.When in the organic acid medium, adopting oil/water termination polymerization synthesized polyaniline fiber, can be by improving the oxidant concentration of aqueous phase, its productive rate is increased to more than 25%, than document (J.Huang, S.Virji, B.H.Weiller, R.B.Kaner.Polyaniline nanofibers:facile synthesis and chemical sensors.J.Am.Chem.Soc.2003,125,314-315; ) in adopt oil/water termination polymerization (aqueous/organic interfacialpolymerization:IP) synthetic polyaniline nano fiber high 3～6 times.
Advantage of the present invention is the productive rate that has obviously improved the polyaniline micro/nano-fibre, prepares more stdn!
Description of drawings:
Reaction process Figure 10 photo in second of Fig. 1 oil/water termination method synthesized polyaniline;
Reaction process Fig. 1 .5 minute photo of Fig. 2 oil/water termination method synthesized polyaniline;
Reaction process Fig. 2 minute photo of Fig. 3 oil/water termination method synthesized polyaniline;
Reaction process Fig. 3 minute photo of Fig. 4 oil/water termination method synthesized polyaniline;
Reaction process Fig. 4 minute photo of Fig. 5 oil/water termination method synthesized polyaniline;
Reaction process Figure 40 minute photo of Fig. 6 oil/water termination method synthesized polyaniline;
Fig. 7 nanometer (diameter) yardstick polyaniline fiber material synoptic diagram;
Fig. 8 oil/water termination polymerization method synthetic doping attitude PAni-TSA product shape appearance figure one;
Fig. 9 oil/water termination polymerization method synthetic doping attitude PAni-TSA product shape appearance figure two.
Embodiment:
Picture specification: Fig. 1～6th, the reaction process photo of oil/water termination polymerization synthesized polyaniline, its reaction conditions is referring to specific embodiment; Fig. 7～9th, oil/water termination polymerization method synthetic doping attitude PAni-TSA product shape appearance figure, wherein Fig. 9 is the enlarged view of Fig. 8.
Embodiment 1
Accompanying drawing 7 is depicted as homemade nanometer (diameter) yardstick polyaniline fiber material.
The experiment of oil/water two-phase interface polymerization synthesis of nano PAni fiber is to carry out in immiscible two-phase system, and second distillation purification aniline is dissolved in the organic phase, and the solvent of employing is CHCl
3And during oxygenant (ammonium persulphate APS) and organic Phenylsulfonic acid class doping agent (as p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid TSA, camphorsulfonic acid CSA, Witco 1298 Soft Acid DBSA etc.) then be soluble in the aqueous phase.With the p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid is example, and synthesis condition is as follows: add the CHCl that 100ml contains the 0.4mol/L aniline monomer in the separating funnel of 250ml
3In, 100ml contains careful the adding in the above-mentioned organic phase ([APS]/[An]=1: 2) of the 1mol/L p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid aqueous solution of 0.2mol/L oxygenant APS.React 16h under the room temperature.The organism that separates lower floor's salmon, dispersion liquid with 500ml distilled water and 300ml washing with alcohol upper strata water China and Mexico green, 60 ℃ of oven dry down, promptly get blackish green powdery product, be doping attitude PAni-TSA, it is nanofiber pattern (seeing accompanying drawing 7) that scanning electron microscope (Philips, XL-30 FEG) is observed its pattern, and its mean diameter is 60～80nm.
Embodiment 2
Accompanying drawing 8～9 is depicted as oil/water termination polymerization method synthetic doping attitude PAni-TSA product shape appearance figure.
In the separating funnel (annotate: beaker is done reactor in separating funnel replacement document, more helps the separated and collected of product) of 250ml, add the CHCl that 100ml contains the 0.04mol aniline monomer
3, again 100ml is contained that the 1mol/L TSA solution of 9.2g oxygenant APS is careful and add in the above-mentioned organic phase ([APS]: [An]=1: 1), the upper strata is a water, lower floor is an oil phase.React 16h under the room temperature.The organism that separates lower floor's salmon is used the dispersion liquid of a certain amount of distilled water and washing with alcohol upper strata water China and Mexico green respectively, and 60 ℃ of oven dry down promptly get blackish green powdery product, note by abridging to be PAni-TSA, place vacuum atmosphere to preserve.The PAni-TSA of doping attitude is after 10% ammonia soln is handled 12h, and filtration washing places 60 ℃ baking oven to dry to neutral, promptly gets the PAni of eigenstate, takes by weighing weight, and measuring productive rate is 30%.
Embodiment 3
In the separating funnel of 250ml, add the CHCl that 100ml contains the 0.04mol aniline monomer
3, the 1.5mol/L TSA solution that again 100ml is contained 4.6g oxygenant APS carefully adds in the above-mentioned organic phase ([APS]/[An]=1: 2), and the upper strata is a water, and lower floor is an oil phase.React 16h under the room temperature.The organism that separates lower floor's salmon is used the dispersion liquid of a certain amount of distilled water and washing with alcohol upper strata water China and Mexico green respectively, and 60 ℃ of oven dry down promptly get blackish green powdery product, note by abridging to be PAni-TSA, place vacuum atmosphere to preserve.The PAni-TSA of doping attitude is after 10% ammonia soln is handled 12h, and filtration washing places 60 ℃ baking oven to dry to neutral, promptly gets the PAni of eigenstate, takes by weighing weight, measures productive rate 30%.
Embodiment 4
In the separating funnel of 250ml, add the CHCl that 100ml contains the 0.4mol/L aniline monomer
3In, 100ml contains careful the adding in the above-mentioned organic phase ([APS]/[An]=1: 2) of the 1mol/L camphorsulfonic acid CSA aqueous solution of 0.2mol/L oxygenant APS.React 16h under the room temperature.The organism that separates lower floor's salmon, with the dispersion liquid of 500ml distilled water and 300ml washing with alcohol upper strata water China and Mexico green, 60 ℃ of oven dry down promptly get blackish green powdery product, are doping attitude PAni-CSA.The PAni-CSA of doping attitude is after 10% ammonia soln is handled 12h, and filtration washing places 60 ℃ baking oven to dry to neutral, promptly gets the PAni of eigenstate, takes by weighing weight, and measuring productive rate is 28%.
Embodiment 5
In the separating funnel of 250ml, add the CHCl that 100ml contains the 0.4mol/L aniline monomer
3In, 100ml contains careful the adding in the above-mentioned organic phase ([APS]/[An]=1: 2) of the 1mol/L Witco 1298 Soft Acid DBSA aqueous solution of 0.2mol/L oxygenant APS.React 16h under the room temperature.The organism that separates lower floor's salmon, with the dispersion liquid of 500ml distilled water and 300ml washing with alcohol upper strata water China and Mexico green, 60 ℃ of oven dry down promptly get blackish green powdery product, are doping attitude PAni-CSA.The PAni-CSA of doping attitude is after 10% ammonia soln is handled 12h, and filtration washing places 60 ℃ baking oven to dry to neutral, promptly gets the PAni of eigenstate, takes by weighing weight, and measuring productive rate is 30%.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of preparation method of polyaniline micro/nano-fibre is characterized in that: adopt oil/water two-phase interface polymerization to prepare polyaniline; Oxidant concentration: monomer concentration 〉=2: 4.
2, according to the preparation method of the described polyaniline micro/nano-fibre of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concentration 〉=0.5mol/L of the reaction medium acid of aqueous phase.
3, according to the preparation method of the described polyaniline micro/nano-fibre of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the reaction medium acid of aqueous phase is organic acid.
4, according to the preparation method of claim 2 or 3 described polyaniline micro/nano-fibres, it is characterized in that: the reaction medium acid of aqueous phase is the acid of organic Phenylsulfonic acid class macromole.
5, according to the preparation method of the described polyaniline micro/nano-fibre of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the polyaniline fiber mean diameter of preparing is 50～200nm.
6, according to the preparation method of the described polyaniline micro/nano-fibre of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the room-temperature conductivity of the polyaniline fiber briquetting sample of preparing is 1～5S/cm.
7, according to the preparation method of claim 1～3,5～6 one of them described polyaniline micro/nano-fibre, it is characterized in that: the reactor that adopts oil/water termination polymerization to prepare polyaniline fiber is a separating funnel.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100410295C (en) * | 2007-02-13 | 2008-08-13 | 同济大学 | High temperature reflux oxidation process for preparing poly-o-phenylenediamine |
| CN102532892A (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2012-07-04 | 北京师范大学 | Conductive polymer film and preparation method thereof |
| CN102127223B (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2012-10-17 | 北京化工大学 | Preparation method of micro/nano polyaniline |
| CN103265700A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-08-28 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Polyfluoroaniline nano-wire preparation method |
| CN103570944A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-02-12 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Mercapto polyaniline and preparation method thereof |
| CN103936983A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-07-23 | 东华大学 | Method for preparing polyaniline micron/nano structure by using polylactic acid regulation and control |
| CN108252136A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-07-06 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of preparation method of the wooden nanofiber of wheat stalk |
| CN110452379A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-11-15 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of ferroso-ferric oxide/polyaniline composite material and preparation method |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1056163C (en) * | 1997-01-30 | 2000-09-06 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Prepn. of ultra-low molecular polyphenyl amine |
| CN1313351A (en) * | 2000-03-14 | 2001-09-19 | 鏮铂锂科技股份有限公司 | Aniline contained solution and its preparing process |
| US6586565B2 (en) * | 2000-11-17 | 2003-07-01 | Council Of Scientific & Industrial Research | Process for the preparation of a polyaniline salt |
| KR100858839B1 (en) * | 2003-03-20 | 2008-09-17 | 주식회사 동진쎄미켐 | Method for preparing rod-shaped polyaniline nanoparticles having high conductivity using low-temperature micro-emulsion polymerization |
| CN1276940C (en) * | 2004-05-27 | 2006-09-27 | 西北核技术研究所 | Method for direct preparation of polyaniline solution from aniline monomer |
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2005
- 2005-04-19 CN CNB2005100462853A patent/CN100497440C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100410295C (en) * | 2007-02-13 | 2008-08-13 | 同济大学 | High temperature reflux oxidation process for preparing poly-o-phenylenediamine |
| CN102127223B (en) * | 2010-01-15 | 2012-10-17 | 北京化工大学 | Preparation method of micro/nano polyaniline |
| CN102532892A (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2012-07-04 | 北京师范大学 | Conductive polymer film and preparation method thereof |
| CN102532892B (en) * | 2012-01-20 | 2013-07-24 | 北京师范大学 | Conductive polymer film and preparation method thereof |
| CN103265700A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-08-28 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Polyfluoroaniline nano-wire preparation method |
| CN103265700B (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2016-09-28 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of polyfluoroaniline nano-wire |
| CN103570944A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-02-12 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Mercapto polyaniline and preparation method thereof |
| CN103570944B (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2016-01-13 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Polyaniline containing sulfydryl and preparation method thereof |
| CN103936983A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-07-23 | 东华大学 | Method for preparing polyaniline micron/nano structure by using polylactic acid regulation and control |
| CN108252136A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-07-06 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of preparation method of the wooden nanofiber of wheat stalk |
| CN110452379A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-11-15 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of ferroso-ferric oxide/polyaniline composite material and preparation method |
| CN110452379B (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2021-09-24 | 南昌航空大学 | Ferroferric oxide/polyaniline composite material and preparation method thereof |
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