CN1845843A - Rail road car truck and fittings therefor - Google Patents
Rail road car truck and fittings therefor Download PDFInfo
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- CN1845843A CN1845843A CNA2004800256440A CN200480025644A CN1845843A CN 1845843 A CN1845843 A CN 1845843A CN A2004800256440 A CNA2004800256440 A CN A2004800256440A CN 200480025644 A CN200480025644 A CN 200480025644A CN 1845843 A CN1845843 A CN 1845843A
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- side frame
- bogie side
- bogie
- wheel set
- furniture
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Images
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- Handcart (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
- Bearings For Parts Moving Linearly (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
A rail road freight car truck has a truck bolster and a pair of side frames, the truck bolster being mounted transversely relative to the side frames. The mounting interface between the ends of the axles and the sideframe pedestals allows lateral rocking motion of the sideframes in the manner of a swing motion truck. The lateral swinging motion is combined with a longitudinal self steering capability. The self steering capability may be obtained by use of a longitudinally oriented rocker that may tend to permit resistance to deflection that is proportional to the weight carried across the interface. The truck may have auxiliary centering elements mounted in the pedestal seats, and those auxiliary centering elements may be made of resilient elastomeric material. The truck may also have friction dampers that have a disinclination to stick-slip behaviour. The friction dampers may operate to yield upward and downward friction forces that are not overly unequal. The friction dampers may be mounted in a four-cornered arrangement at each end of the truck bolster. The spring groups may include sub-groups of springs of different heights.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the railway carriage field, and relate more particularly to be used for the three-member type steering rack for train carriage field of railway carriage.
Background technology
The railway carriage of North America generally uses two axletree pivoted bogies of being known as " three-member type bogie truck " so that it rolls along one group of rail.Described term " three-member type " is meant that truck bolster and first and second bogie side frames are right.In the three-member type bogie truck, truck bolster is with respect to the bogie side frame horizontal expansion, and the end of described truck bolster is given prominence to and passed described bogie side frame window.By being installed in the spring assembly transfer function power between described truck bolster and described bogie side frame in the spring perch in the bogie side frame.Described bogie side frame sends application force to described side frame guide.Described pedestal is installed on the bearing seat, and application force passes to bearing, axletree, wheel successively, and passes to track at last." 1980 compartments and locomotive cyc " (1980 Car ﹠amp; Locomotive Cyclopedia) the 669th page of record, the three-member type bogie truck brings " interchangeability, structural reliability and low original cost, but this to be the high maintenance cost with relatively poor ride quality and compartment and track be cost ".
Ride quality can be judged with many different standards.For the longitudinal driving quality, usually limit situation is to travel rapidly or level road is shunt (flat switching) or slowly the maximum longitudinal acceleration of the expection that is stood during (run-out) is sailed in test run and slide.For vertical ride quality, be crucial decisive factor by the vertical force transmission that hangs.For the cross running quality, it relates to the transverse response of suspension.Also should consider other phenomenon, for example, bogie truck swing, bogie truck turn to ability certainly, and no matter be any input disturbance, bogie truck attenuates the ability of undesirable motion.These phenomenons are mutually related often, and at a phenomenon suspension are optimized the system that is produced and differ and be decided to be other phenomenons and bring best performance.
Optimizing the bogie truck aspect of performance, advantageously can obtain,, and can keep drag diamonding (or parallelogramming deflection) with the measurement of realization to turning to certainly to the horizontal and vertical relative soft dynamic response of disturbance.Diamonding or parallelogramming deflection be as mentioned above truck bolster with respect to the non-square distortion of the bogie side frame of described bogie truck.Rotation is to desirable often, and reason is that it can reduce resistance and often can reduce wearing and tearing to wheel and track, and can obtain the overall ride quality of pulsation-free more.
The bogie truck type of being discussed in present patent application is the hunting motion bogie truck.The early patent of hunting motion bogie truck is people's such as Weber a US Patent 3,670,660, is issued on June 20th, 1972.The lateral cross that this bogie truck has nonelastic support supports, the crossbeam of its essence for bogie side frame is linked together.On the contrary, ensuing explanation has been put down in writing and has not been used laterally several embodiment of the bogie truck of no spring intersecting member, but bogie truck can be to use the shock absorber member that is installed in each end of truck bolster with four angle apparatus.The patent early of shock absorber is the US Patent 3,714,905 of Barber, is issued on February 6th, 1973.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of in its each side and has carried out the double-swing steering rack for train carriage at side frame guide to wheel set axletree end interface place.The present invention also provides a kind of to have from the bogie truck that turns to, described from turning to the weight with described bogie truck carrying proportional.The present invention can also have vertical goods of furniture for display rather than for use at bogie side frame to axletree end interface place.In addition, the present invention can provide the hunting motion bogie truck that has from turning to.The present invention also provides the hunting motion bogie truck of the combination with the horizontal goods of furniture for display rather than for use of hunting motion and neoprene bearing seat cushion.
In one aspect of the invention, has a kind of wheel set of steering rack for train carriage that is used for to the bogie side frame interface module.Described interface module has bearing seat and cooperates the drawing strickle guide seat.Described bearing seat has first and second ends, and described first and second ends form the interlocking insert between a pair of drawing strickle guide fixing device of railway carriage bogie side frame.Described bearing seat has first oscillating structural member.Described drawing strickle guide seat has second oscillating structural member.Described first and second oscillating structural members can engage ordinatedly to realize horizontal and vertical swing therebetween.Between described bearing seat and described drawing strickle guide seat, has elastic component.Described elastic component has the described first end engaging portion that forms with described bearing seat.Described elastic component has accommodating chamber, and it forms the engage that allows described first and second oscillating structural members.
In the feature aspect described of the present invention, described elastic component has first and second ends, and it forms with between the described drawing strickle guide fixing device that is interposed in described bearing seat and described bogie side frame.In another feature, described elastic component has the shape of Pennsy pad, and described Pennsy spacer has the groove that forms the qualification accommodating chamber.In another feature, described elastic component is the neoprene member.In another feature, described neoprene member is made by elastomeric material.In another feature, described neoprene member is made by polyurethane.In another feature, described accommodating chamber form by described tartan and the described first oscillating structural member projection at least local path pass described accommodating chamber to contact described second oscillating structural member.In additional features, described bearing seat is a bearing block assembly, and it comprises the described first oscillating structural member position bearing seat thereon.In other additional features, described first oscillating structural member is formed by the material that is different from described bearing body.In another additional features, described first oscillating structural member is an insert.
In another additional features, described first oscillating structural member has coverage zone, and described coverage zone has the profile consistent with described accommodating chamber.In another additional features, described profile and described accommodating chamber are demarcated mutually to stop described first oscillating structural member with respect to described bearing seat location of mistake.In another additional features, described body and described first oscillating structural member are locked to stop location of mistake therebetween.In another feature, described accommodating chamber is formed by described elastic component and the outstanding local path at least of described second oscillating structural member passes described accommodating chamber to contact described first oscillating structural member.In another feature, described drawing strickle guide seat is included in the insert that wherein is formed with described second oscillating structural member.In another feature, described second oscillating structural member has coverage zone, and described coverage zone has the profile consistent with described accommodating chamber.
In another feature, form and the described part of the described elastic component that described first termination of described bearing seat is closed comprises that when mounted described first end and the member between the described drawing strickle guide fixing device that are interposed in described bearing seat move with respect to the horizontal and vertical of described fixing device to stop described bearing seat.
In another feature of the present invention, each end of described bearing seat comprises the end wall that is connect boundary's support by a pair of turning.Described end wall and turning connect boundary's formation groove and are slidably inserted between the described drawing strickle guide fixing device of described bogie side frame to allow described bearing seat.It is first end that described elastic component forms the described part of closing with described first termination of described bearing seat.Described elastic component has and forms the second end that closes with described second termination of described bearing seat.Described elastic component has the pars intermedia that extends between described first and second ends.Described accommodating chamber is formed on the described pars intermedia of described elastic component.In another feature, described elastic component has the form of Pennsy pad, and described Pennsy pad is formed with central opening to limit described accommodating chamber.
In another aspect of this invention, wheel set to the bogie side frame interface module that is used on the steering rack for train carriage has interface module, and described interface module has bearing seat, drawing strickle guide seat and elastic component.Described bearing seat has first end and second end, and described first end and second end respectively have the end wall that is connect boundary's support by a pair of turning.Described end wall and turning connect boundary's cooperation to form groove, and this groove allows described bearing seat to be slidably inserted between a pair of thrust ear of side frame guide.Described bearing seat has first oscillating structural member.Described drawing strickle guide seat has second oscillating structural member to engage with described first oscillating structural member.Described first and second oscillating structural members are used for when engaging with respect to described bogie side frame longitudinal oscillation so that described steering rack for train carriage turns to.Described elastic component has the first end that can close with described first termination of described bearing seat, between described first end and the described first drawing strickle guide fixing device thrust ear that are interposed in described bearing seat.Described elastic component has the second end that can close with described second termination of described bearing seat, between described second end and the described second drawing strickle guide fixing device thrust ear that are interposed in described bearing seat.Described elastic component has the pars intermedia between described first and second ends.Described pars intermedia forms the cooperation swing that adapts to described first and second oscillating structural members and engages.
In another feature, have the cushion that uses with described bearing seat, described bearing seat has the oscillating structural member that cooperates and swing joint with the described oscillating structural member of described drawing strickle guide seat.Described elastic component has and described first termination of described bearing seat is closed first one, and described second termination of described bearing seat second one and the pars intermedia between described first and second ends closing.Described pars intermedia forms the engage that adapts to described oscillating structural member.
In the feature aspect described of the present invention, have wheel set to the bogie side frame assembly set, described assembly set has the drawing strickle guide seat at the top that is used for being installed in the steering rack for train carriage side frame guide.Have the bearing seat on the bearing of the wheel set that is installed to steering rack for train carriage and be installed to elastic component on the described bearing seat.Described bearing seat has first oscillating structural member that engages with the swing relation with described drawing strickle guide seat.Described bearing seat has first end and second end, and the butt joint circle that described two ends have end wall and support described end wall is to form groove, and it allows described bearing seat to be slidably inserted between a pair of side frame guide fixing device thrust ear.Described elastic component have consistent with described first end of described bearing seat first one to be interposed between described bearing seat and the thrust ear.Elastic component has and second one of described first bonded assembly, and described second one covers at least partly when mounted and put on described bearing seat.
In another feature, described wheel set to bogie side frame assembly set has second one of described elastic component, described second edge with its external surface to described first oscillating structural member.Described first oscillating structural member be configured as be positioned at described profile near.In another feature, wheel set to bogie side frame assembly set has the bearing seat and described first oscillating structural member that comprise body can be separated with described body.In another feature, described wheel set to bogie side frame assembly set has second one of described elastic component, described second edge, described first component forming with its external surface to described first member be positioned at described profile near.In another feature, described wheel set to bogie side frame assembly set has the profile and first oscillating structural member, and described first oscillating structural member is configured as the location of mistake that stops described first oscillating structural member when mounted.In another feature, described wheel set to bogie side frame assembly set has first oscillating structural member that has body, and described body is reciprocally locked to help described first oscillating structural member location when mounted.In another feature, described wheel set to bogie side frame assembly set has first oscillating structural member and has the body of the feature that is bonded with each other.Described feature is locked to stop the location of mistake when mounted of described oscillating structural member mutually.
In another feature, described assembly has second elastic component, and described second elastic component is consistent with second end of described bearing seat.In another feature, described wheel set to bogie side frame assembly set comprises that the drawing strickle guide seated connection closes parts, and it is used for described elastic component with respect to the described drawing strickle guide seat location on the described assembly.In another feature, described elastic component comprises the second end, and described the second end is consistent with described second end of described bearing seat.
In additional features, has the bearing seat of transmission load between described side frame guide of taking turns supplementary bearing and steering rack for train carriage.Described bearing seat has at least the first and second platforms that engage with described bearing and is formed on groove between described first and second platforms.Described groove mainly extends axially with respect to described bearing edge.In another additional features, described platform is set to the summit that the array consistent with described bearing and described groove are formed on described array.In another additional features, described bearing seat comprises second groove, and described second groove circumferentially extends with respect to described bearing.In another additional features, the groove of described groove that radially extends and described circumferential extension extends along second axis of symmetry of described bearing seat.
In another feature, described radially extending flute extends and described circumferential extending flute extends along second axis of symmetry of described bearing seat along first axis of symmetry of described bearing seat.In another feature, described bearing seat has the platform on the circumference arc of being formed on.In another feature, described bearing seat has oscillating structural member, and described oscillating structural member has right upward swing surface.In another feature, described bearing seat has body, and described body has the oscillating structural member that can separate with it.
In another aspect of this invention, has the bearing seat that is installed in the steering rack for train carriage side frame guide.Described bearing seat has the top that can close with the drawing strickle guide seated connection and the bottom that can engage with the bearing shell.Described bottom has the summit.Described bottom comprise with first platform of first joint of described bearing shell and with second second platform area that combines of described bearing shell.Described first platform is positioned at a side on described summit.Described second platform is positioned at the opposite side on described summit.At least one groove is between described first and second platforms.
In additional features, described groove has main dimension, and described main dimension is orientated as when installing and begun to extend on the described summit, direction upper edge that extends axially with respect to bearing.In another feature, described groove is positioned at described summit.In another feature, have at least two grooves, described two grooves are positioned at the either side of cross-over connection member, and described cross-over connection member extends between described first and second platforms.
In another aspect of this invention, the assembly that is used to improve steering rack for train carriage has the neoprene member that is installed on the bearing seat.Described assembly comprises fitted shaft bearing and the pairing of drawing strickle guide seat.Described bearing seat and described drawing strickle guide seat have the bidirectional swinging member that can cooperate.Described drawing strickle guide seat has about 1/2 inch section depth.
In another aspect of this invention, steering rack for train carriage has the bogie side frame of bolster and a pair of cooperation, is installed in the operation to roll along railroad track on the wheel set.Bogie truck has the goods of furniture for display rather than for use that is installed between the described bogie side frame to allow described bogie side frame teeter.Described bogie truck does not use laterally no spring supporting traverse between described bogie side frame.Described bogie side frame respectively has the high L of lateral oscillations, and the high L of described pendulum measures in mass loading and passes between the upper position of the lower position at described bogie side frame place and the described goods of furniture for display rather than for use that vertical antagonistic force passes to described bogie side frame place.Described goods of furniture for display rather than for use comprises male member, and described male member has radius of curvature r
1, and r
1With the ratio of L less than 3.
In another feature aspect described, described goods of furniture for display rather than for use has the female member with the male member engage.Described female member has greater than r
1Radius of curvature R
1, and factor [(1/L)/((1/r
1)-(1/R
1))] less than 3.In another feature, R
1Be at least r
14/3, and r
1Greater than 15 inches.
In one aspect of the invention, have a kind of steering rack for train carriage, it has from turning to ability and friction shock absorber, and in described friction shock absorber, described static friction coefficient and dynamic friction coefficient are substantially the same.It can be included in the teeter feature that side frame guide adds to wheel set axletree end interface place.It can comprise with the weight of bogie truck carrying proportional from turning to.Described bogie truck can also be included in the vertical goods of furniture for display rather than for use of bogie side frame to the axletree end interface.In addition, it can provide the bogie truck that has from the hunting motion that turns to.It can also provide the hunting motion bogie truck of the combination with the horizontal goods of furniture for display rather than for use of hunting motion and neoprene bearing seat cushion.In another feature, described bogie truck can have the shock absorber of placing along the longitudinal centerline of the spring assembly of bogie truck suspension.In another feature, it can comprise with four jiaos arranges the shock absorber of installing.In another feature, it can comprise shock absorber, and described shock absorber all has the improvement friction surface on the friction support face with on the shock absorber oblique angle face that is placed in the bolster running-on.
In one aspect of the invention, the three-member type steering rack for train carriage has the truck bolster that laterally is installed between a pair of bogie side frame.Described truck bolster has the end, and each described end flexibly is installed on corresponding one of them described bogie side frame.Described bogie truck has one group of shock absorber, and its mode of arranging with four jiaos of shock absorbers is installed between the corresponding bogie side frame with it in each described bolster end.Each shock absorber has stayed surface, and described stayed surface is mounted to be sentenced sliding relation at frictional interface and act on the mating surfaces when described bolster moves with respect to described bogie side frame.Each shock absorber has the seat portion that is mounted with bias unit thereon, and described bias unit is used for described stayed surface is resisted against described mating surfaces.The described bearing surface of described shock absorber has dynamic friction coefficient and static friction coefficient as the time spent on described mating surfaces.Described static state and dynamic friction coefficient have essentially identical size.
In another feature aspect described of the present invention, the size of described each friction coefficient be each other size 10% within.In another feature, described each friction coefficient equates basically.In another feature, described each friction coefficient is positioned at 0.1 to 0.4 scope.In another feature, described each friction coefficient is positioned at 0.2 to 0.35 scope.In another feature, described each friction coefficient is about 0.30 (+/-10%).In another feature, described shock absorber comprises friction member mounted thereto, and described stayed surface is the surface of described friction member.In another feature, described friction member is the composite surface member that comprises polymeric material.
In another feature aspect described of the present invention, described bogie truck is for from turning to bogie truck.In another feature, described bogie truck comprises bearing seat to the side frame guide interface, and described interface comprises from turning to device.In another feature, described from turning to device to comprise goods of furniture for display rather than for use.In another feature, described bogie truck comprises bearing seat to the side frame guide interface, and described interface comprises from turning to device, the described application force-deflection feature that changes from turning to device to have the function of the vertical load of conduct.In another feature, described bogie truck has bearing seat to the side frame guide interface, and described interface comprises two-way goods of furniture for display rather than for use, and described goods of furniture for display rather than for use is used to realize the teeter of described bogie side frame and realizes turning to certainly of described bogie truck.
In another feature of described invention of the present invention, each shock absorber has the inclined-plane in the shock absorber running-on of the truck bolster that is encased in steering rack for train carriage, described bearing surface is the basic vertical plane of the bogie side frame post worn-out surface that support to cooperate, and described drawing strickle guide seat is orientated as basically in use and faced down.In another feature, described inclined-plane slides with respect to described shock absorber running-on to promote described inclined-plane through surface treatment.In another feature, described inclined-plane has static friction coefficient and dynamic friction coefficient, and the described static state on described inclined-plane is equal basically with dynamic friction coefficient.In another feature, described inclined-plane and described bearing surface all have the slidingsurface member, and two described slidingsurface members are made by the material with component of polymer.In another feature, described inclined-plane has with respect to described surface-supported first jiao and horizontal second jiao.
In another aspect of this invention, have a kind of three-member type steering rack for train carriage, it has the bolster that laterally is installed between a pair of bogie side frame and is installed in wheel set on the described bogie side frame at wheel set to bogie side frame interface module place.Described wheel set to bogie side frame interface module is used for permitting from turning to, and it comprises a device, and this device is used for pushing wheel set to respect to described bogie side frame minimum potential along the longitudinal direction with respect to described bogie side frame.Described oneself turns to device to have application force-deflection feature, the described function that is characterized as vertical load.
In another feature of the present invention, has a kind of bearing seat that is used for steering rack for train carriage.Described bearing seat has the goods of furniture for display rather than for use that is used to be placed in the body of railway bogie wheel supplementary bearing and is used to be installed on described body.Described goods of furniture for display rather than for use has the swing surface, described swing surface described dorsad body when described goods of furniture for display rather than for use is installed on described body, and described goods of furniture for display rather than for use is made by being different from the material of making described body.
In another feature aspect described, described goods of furniture for display rather than for use is made by tool steel.In another feature aspect described of the present invention, described goods of furniture for display rather than for use is made by the metal grade that is used to make ball bearing of main shaft.In another feature, described body is made by cast iron.In another feature, described goods of furniture for display rather than for use is two-way goods of furniture for display rather than for use.In another feature, the swing surface of described goods of furniture for display rather than for use forms the part of spherical surface.
In one aspect of the invention, have a kind of three-member type steering rack for train carriage, it has the goods of furniture for display rather than for use that is used for from turning to.In another feature, have a kind of steering rack for train carriage, its have bogie side frame, Axle bearing and be installed in described bogie side frame and described Axle bearing between goods of furniture for display rather than for use.Described goods of furniture for display rather than for use have axis of pitch so that bearing with respect to described bogie side frame longitudinal oscillation.
In another aspect of this invention, have a kind of three-member type steering rack for train carriage, it has the bolster that laterally is installed on a pair of bogie side frame.Described bogie side frame has drawing strickle guide parts and the wheel set that is installed in the described drawing strickle guide parts.Described drawing strickle guide parts comprise goods of furniture for display rather than for use.Each goods of furniture for display rather than for use has axis of pitch to allow along the longitudinal direction with respect to described bogie side frame swing.
In another aspect of this invention, have a kind of three-member type steering rack for train carriage, it has the truck bolster that laterally is installed on a pair of bogie side frame, and each bogie side frame has vertical drawing strickle guide seated connection mouthpiece, and a pair of wheel set that is installed on the described drawing strickle guide seated connection mouthpiece.Described drawing strickle guide seated connection mouthpiece comprises goods of furniture for display rather than for use, and described goods of furniture for display rather than for use is used to allow described bogie truck from turning to.
In another aspect of this invention, have a kind of three-member type steering rack for train carriage, its have bogie side frame, Axle bearing and be installed in described bogie side frame and described Axle bearing between two-way goods of furniture for display rather than for use.In still another aspect of the invention, have a kind of steering rack for train carriage, it has the truck bolster that laterally is installed between a pair of bogie side frame, and be installed on the described bogie side frame wheel set so that described bogie truck along one group of railroad track rolling-operation.Described bogie truck comprises the goods of furniture for display rather than for use that is installed between described bogie side frame and the described wheel set.Described goods of furniture for display rather than for use is used to allow described bogie side frame teeter and allows described bogie truck from turning to.
In another aspect of this invention, have a kind of steering rack for train carriage, it has a pair of bogie side frame, a pair of its end and is installed to wheel set on the described bogie side frame and bogie side frame to the wheel set interface unit.Described bogie side frame to wheel set interface unit comprises goods of furniture for display rather than for use, and described goods of furniture for display rather than for use has first degree of freedom and second degree of freedom that allow described wheel set end with respect to described bogie side frame longitudinal oscillation of the described bogie side frame of permission with respect to described wheel set teeter.
In another aspect of this invention, have a kind of steering rack for train carriage, it has the goods of furniture for display rather than for use that is formed on the composite curvature, and described goods of furniture for display rather than for use is used for allowing turning to certainly of teeter in the described bogie truck and described bogie truck.In still another aspect of the invention, have a kind of steering rack for train carriage, it has a pair of bogie side frame, a pair of wheel set, and described wheel set has the end that is installed on the described bogie side frame, and bogie side frame is to the wheel set interface unit.Described bogie side frame to wheel set interface unit comprises goods of furniture for display rather than for use, and described goods of furniture for display rather than for use has first degree of freedom and the longitudinal oscillation that allow described wheel set end with respect to described bogie side frame of the described bogie side frame of permission with respect to described wheel set teeter.Described bogie side frame to wheel set interface unit reverses submissive around main vertical axes.
In one aspect of the invention, have a kind of swing steering rack for train carriage, it is improved to and comprises goods of furniture for display rather than for use, and described goods of furniture for display rather than for use is mounted to allow from turning to.In aspect another, have a kind of hunting motion steering rack for train carriage, it has by the horizontal bolster of resilient mounting between a pair of bogie side frame, and is installed to a pair of wheel set on the described bogie side frame at wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit place.Described wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit comprise the swing goods of furniture for display rather than for use and the neoprene member installed continuously with described swing goods of furniture for display rather than for use to allow described bogie truck from turning to.
In another aspect of this invention, have a kind of steering rack for train carriage, it has the truck bolster that laterally is installed between a pair of bogie side frame and is installed to wheel set on the described bogie side frame at wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit place.Described wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit comprises the goods of furniture for display rather than for use that allows described bogie side frame teeter.Described goods of furniture for display rather than for use has the female member of male member and cooperation.Described protruding and recessed goods of furniture for display rather than for use engages to realize the swing operation of cooperation.Described female member has the radius of curvature of the teeter direction that is not less than 25 inches.Described wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit is used for allowing from turning to equally.
In still another aspect of the invention, have a kind of steering rack for train carriage, it has the truck bolster that laterally is installed between a pair of bogie side frame and is installed to wheel set on the described bogie side frame at wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit place.Described wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit comprises the goods of furniture for display rather than for use that allows described bogie side frame teeter.Described goods of furniture for display rather than for use has the female member of male member and cooperation.Described protruding and recessed goods of furniture for display rather than for use engages to realize the swing operation of cooperation.Described bogie side frame has equal pendulum length L
Eq, in the time of on being installed in described goods of furniture for display rather than for use, it is greater than 6 inches.Described wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit comprises that the neoprene member of installing continuously with described goods of furniture for display rather than for use is to allow from turning to.
In still another aspect of the invention, have a kind of steering rack for train carriage, it has the truck bolster that laterally is installed between a pair of bogie side frame and is installed to wheel set on the described bogie side frame at wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit place.Described wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit comprises the goods of furniture for display rather than for use that allows described bogie side frame teeter.Described goods of furniture for display rather than for use has the female member of male member and cooperation.The swing that described protruding and recessed goods of furniture for display rather than for use engages to realize cooperation moves, and described wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit comprises the neoprene member of installing continuously with described goods of furniture for display rather than for use.
In still another aspect of the invention, has a kind of steering rack for train carriage, it has the horizontal bolster of resilient mounting between side frames, and be installed to wheel set on the described bogie side frame at wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit place, described bogie truck has spring assembly and shock absorber, described shock absorber pack in the described bolster and by described spring assembly bias voltage to act on the described bogie side frame.Described spring assembly comprises the first shock absorber biasing spring, and first shock absorber of described shock absorber is placed on the described first shock absorber biasing spring.The described first shock absorber biasing spring has coil diameter.Described first shock absorber has 150% width greater than described coil diameter.
In still another aspect of the invention, have a kind of steering rack for train carriage, it has bolster, and described bolster has the end of resilient mounting on a pair of bogie side frame, and is installed in the wheel set on the described bogie side frame at wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit place.Described wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit comprises two-way goods of furniture for display rather than for use, and described two-way goods of furniture for display rather than for use allows the teeter of described bogie side frame and allows turning to certainly of described wheel set.Described bogie truck has the arrangement of four jiaos of shock absorbers of each end that is installed in described bolster.In another feature aspect described of the present invention, described interface unit has the torsional compliance around main vertical axes.
In another aspect, have a kind of steering rack for train carriage, it has and laterally is installed in the truck bolster between a pair of bogie side frame and is installed to wheel set on the described bogie side frame.Described steering rack for train carriage has the vertical and horizontal beidirectional swing surface between each bogie side frame and the wheel set, and is installed in four jiaos of shock absorber groups between each bogie side frame and the described truck bolster.In the additional features aspect described of the present invention, described swing surface around main vertical axis be reverse submissive.In another additional features, described swing surface with reverse submissive member and install continuously.
In still another aspect of the invention, have a kind of rotation to steering rack for train carriage, it has resilient mounting at the horizontal installation bolster between the side frames be installed in wheel set on the described bogie side frame.Described bogie side frame is mounted to respect to described wheel set teeter.Described bogie truck has the friction shock absorber that is installed between described bolster and the described bogie side frame.Described friction shock absorber has static state and dynamic friction coefficient.Described static state and dynamic friction coefficient equate basically.
In aspect another, have a kind of rotation to steering rack for train carriage, it has resilient mounting at the horizontal installation bolster between the side frames be installed in wheel set on the described bogie side frame.Described bogie side frame is mounted to respect to described wheel set teeter.Described bogie truck has the friction shock absorber that is installed between described bolster and the described bogie side frame.Described friction shock absorber has static state and dynamic friction coefficient.Described static state and dynamic friction coefficient differ less than 10%.In other words, described friction shock absorber has static friction coefficient μ
sWith dynamic friction coefficient μ
k, and μ
s/ μ
kRatio be positioned at 1.0 to 1.1 scope.In another aspect of this invention, described bogie truck has friction shock absorber, and described friction shock absorber is installed between described bolster and the described bogie side frame with the cliding friction relation of essentially no stick-slip feature.In another feature aspect described of the present invention, described friction shock absorber comprises the friction shock absorber wedge, and described friction shock absorber wedge has first of engaging with one of them described bogie side frame and second inclined-plane that engages with the bolster running-on.Described inclined-plane is installed in the described bolster running-on with the cliding friction relation of essentially no stick-slip feature.
In another aspect of this invention, have a kind of rotation to steering rack for train carriage, it has to be installed in the bolster between a pair of bogie side frame and to be installed on the described bogie side frame and is used for along the wheel set of railroad track rolling movement.Described wheel set is installed on the described bogie side frame at wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit place.Described wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit is used for allowing described bogie truck teeter.Described bogie truck has one group of friction shock absorber that is installed between described bolster and each the described bogie side frame.Described friction shock absorber has second in the bolster running-on that keeps first of cliding friction relation with described bogie side frame and be disposed into described bolster.Described first when having static friction coefficient and dynamic friction coefficient as the time spent with engaging with described bogie side frame, described static state and dynamic friction coefficient differ less than 10%.Described second has static friction coefficient and dynamic friction coefficient in being installed in described bolster running-on the time, and described static state and dynamic friction coefficient differ less than 10%.
In still another aspect of the invention, have a kind of rotation to steering rack for train carriage, it has to be installed in the bolster between a pair of bogie side frame and to be installed on the described bogie side frame and is used for along the wheel set of railroad track rolling movement.Described wheel set is installed on the described bogie side frame at wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit place.Described wheel set is used for allowing the teeter of described bogie truck to the bogie side frame interface unit.Described bogie truck has one group of friction shock absorber that is installed between described bolster and each the described bogie side frame.Described friction shock absorber has second in the bolster running-on that keeps first of friction law slidably with described bogie side frame and be placed in described bolster.Essentially no stick slip behavior can be cooperated and be positioned to described first and described bogie side frame.Described second and described bolster running-on are similarly essentially no stick slip behavior.
In another aspect of this invention, has the goods of furniture for display rather than for use on a kind of bearing seat that is used for steering rack for train carriage.Described goods of furniture for display rather than for use has the swing surface, and described swing surface engages with the mating surfaces of the drawing strickle guide seat of the bogie side frame of steering rack for train carriage.Described swing surface has permission not only vertically but also the composite curvature of teeter.Of the present invention additional aspect, have a kind of goods of furniture for display rather than for use of drawing strickle guide seat of the bogie side frame that is used for steering rack for train carriage.Described goods of furniture for display rather than for use has the swing surface, and described swing surface engages with the mating surfaces of the bearing seat of steering rack for train carriage.Described swing surface has permission not only vertically but also the composite curvature of teeter.
In one aspect of the invention, have a kind of side frame guide seat that is used for the three-member type steering rack for train carriage to the Axle bearing interface module, described interface module have be used for horizontal and vertical all the swing interface unit.
In the additional features aspect described of the present invention, described assembly comprises the mating surfaces with composite curvature, and described composite curvature comprises the curvature of horizontal and horizontal both direction.In another feature, described assembly comprises at least one goods of furniture for display rather than for use and mating component, and described goods of furniture for display rather than for use contacts with a mating component point with mating component, described some contact member be movably during the rolling point of described mating component contacts.In another feature, described some contact member be not only laterally but also vertically movably during the rolling point of described mating component contacts.In another feature, described parts comprise the saddle surface that can swing cooperation.
In another feature, described parts comprise nonreentrant surface with first curvature of space and the recessed surface with second curvature of space, and joint is swung on described nonreentrant surface and recessed surface mutually, and one of them described surface comprises globular part at least.In another feature, described parts comprise the non-center of oscillation portion of at least one direction.In another feature, described parts are located away from the teeter of described parts with reversing with respect to the longitudinal oscillation of vertical S. A..In another feature, described parts comprise the force transmission interface, and described force transmission interface is reversed submissive with respect to the twist moment around vertical axes.In another feature, described assembly comprises the neoprene member.
In another aspect of this invention, have a kind of swing three-member type steering rack for train carriage, it has the truck bolster of horizontal expansion, a pair of longitudinal extension bogie side frame, described truck bolster flexibly is installed on described bogie side frame, and described bogie side frame wheel set mounted thereto.The shock absorber group is installed between described bolster and each the described bogie side frame.The described shock absorber group quadrangular shock absorber of tool separately arranges, and wheel set to side frame guide interface module is used to permit the teeter of described bogie side frame and described wheel set vertically from turning to.
In another aspect, have a kind of steering rack for train carriage, it has the truck bolster that is installed between the bogie side frame, and described bogie side frame wheel set mounted thereto, and wheel set is to the bogie side frame interface module, and described bogie side frame is installed on the described wheel set by described wheel set to bogie side frame interface module.Described bogie side frame to wheel set interface module comprises the pendulous device that allows described bogie side frame teeter.Described pendulous device comprises first and second surfaces that swing engages.The part of described at least first surface has the first curvature radius less than 30 inches.Described bogie side frame to wheel set interface comprises from turning to device.
In the feature aspect of the present invention, described from turning to device to have the application force deflection feature of substantial linear.In another feature, described from turning to device to have the application force-deflection feature that changes with described bogie side frame to the vertical load of wheel set interface module.In another feature, described application force-deflection feature changes linearly with the vertical load of described bogie side frame to the wheel set interface module.In another feature, described from turning to device to comprise swinging gear.In another feature, described goods of furniture for display rather than for use is included in the goods of furniture for display rather than for use that has angular transposition on the direction of the axis of pitch of one of them described bogie side frame.
In another feature, described oneself turns to device to comprise protruding and recessed goods of furniture for display rather than for use, and the part of described at least protruding goods of furniture for display rather than for use has the radius of curvature less than 45 inches.In another feature, described oneself turns to device to comprise protruding and recessed goods of furniture for display rather than for use, and the part of described at least recessed goods of furniture for display rather than for use has the radius of curvature less than 60 inches.In another feature, described turning to certainly is characterized as automatic centering.In another feature, described from turning to device to be biased to the center.
In another feature, described from turning to device to comprise elastic component.In another feature of described another feature, described elastic component comprises the neoprene member.In another feature, described elastic component is the neoprene cushion assembly.In another feature, described elastic component is the neoprene holder assembly with horizontal force-displacement characteristic and longitudinal force-displacement characteristic, and described longitudinal force-displacement characteristic is different from described horizontal force-displacement characteristic.In another feature, the lateral shear rigidity of described neoprene holder assembly is greater than longitudinal shear rigidity.In another feature, goods of furniture for display rather than for use is installed on the described neoprene cushion assembly.In another feature, goods of furniture for display rather than for use is directly installed on the described neoprene cushion assembly.In another feature, described neoprene cushion assembly comprises whole goods of furniture for display rather than for use.In another feature, described three-member type sample bogie truck is a hunting motion bogie truck and described from turning to device to comprise neoprene bearing seat cushion.
In another feature, described wheel set has axletree, and described axletree has pivot center and the end that is installed under the described bogie side frame, an and end of a described axletree therein, described from turning to device to have application force deflection feature, at least one described feature is by selected in the group of following application force-deflection feature:
(a) at 3000 pounds/inch and 10, vertical deflection linearity feature between 000 pound/inch, it is for bearing size 45,000 and 70 when the described device that turns to certainly, 1/8 o'clock of vertical load between 000 pound, the result who measures at the pivot center place of the end of described axletree;
(b) the vertical deflection linearity feature between 16,000 pounds/inch and 60,000 pounds/inch, it is for bearing size 263 when the described device that turns to certainly, 1/8 o'clock of vertical load between 000 and 315,000 pound, the result who measures at the pivot center place of the end of described axletree; And
(c) the vertical departs from linear feature between 0.3 and 2.0 pound/inch, it is for when every pound vertical loading transfer during to the described end of a described axletree, in the result of the pivot center place measurement of the end of described axletree.
In another aspect of this invention, have a kind of three-member type railroad freight car bogie truck, it has from turning to device, and wherein, described passive steering hardware comprises at least one vertical goods of furniture for display rather than for use.
In another aspect of this invention, has a kind of three-member type railroad freight car bogie truck, it has passive from turning to device, and is described passive from turning to device to have linear force-deflection feature, and described application force-deflection feature changes as the function of the vertical load of described bogie truck.
In the additional features aspect described of the present invention, described application force-displacement characteristic changes linearly along with the vertical load of described bogie truck.In another feature, described from turning to device to comprise swinging gear.In another Te Tezheng, described swinging gear can leave the minimal energy state under the effect that is applied to the resistance on the wheel of one of them described wheel set.In another feature, in the scope of described application force-deflection feature between the amount of deflection of about 0.4 pound and 2.0 pounds/inch, this value in the center of an end of the axletree of the wheel set of described bogie truck when every pound vertical loading transfer is given the described end of described axletree of described wheel set the measurement gained.In another feature, described application force deflection feature 0.5 to 1.8 pound/inch/pass in the scope between the poundage of vertical load of described end of described axletree of described wheel set.
In still another aspect of the invention, have a kind of three-member type railroad freight car bogie truck, it has the truck bolster of horizontal expansion, the bogie side frame on a pair of opposed end that is installed in and flexibly is connected described truck bolster, and wheel set.Described bogie side frame is installed on the described wheel set at bogie side frame to wheel set interface module place.At least one described bogie side frame is installed in to the wheel set interface module between first drawing strickle guide of first bogie side frame of first end of axletree of one of them described wheel set and described bogie side frame.Described wheel set to bogie side frame interface module comprises that first line contact goods of furniture for display rather than for use device contacts the goods of furniture for display rather than for use device with second line, the described first line contact device is used to permit the described first bogie side frame teeter, and the described second line contact device is used to permit described first end the vertically moving with respect to described first bogie side frame of described axletree.
In the feature aspect described of the present invention, described first and second goods of furniture for display rather than for use devices and torsional compliance member are installed continuously, and described torsional compliance member is submissive for the twist moment that applies around vertical axes.In another feature, the torsional compliance member is installed between the described first and second goods of furniture for display rather than for use devices, and described torsional compliance member reverses submissive around vertical axes.
In another aspect of this invention, have a kind of three-member type railroad freight car bogie truck, described bearing seat has the swing mating surfaces that engages with the mating surfaces swing of side frame guide parts, and the described swing mating surfaces of described bearing seat has composite curvature.
In the another feature aspect described invention described, described composite curvature be formed on the first convex curvature radius and with the second convex curvature radius of its located lateral on.In another feature, described composite curvature is a saddle type.In another feature, the described curvature of space is an oval shape.In another feature, described curvature is spherical.
In another feature, have a kind of steering rack for train carriage, it has the truck bolster of horizontal expansion.Described truck bolster has first and second ends.The bogie side frame of first and second longitudinal extensions flexibly is installed in described first and second ends of described bolster respectively.Described bogie side frame is installed on the wheel set at bogie side frame to wheel set mounting interface assembly place.Four jiaos of shock absorber groups are installed between the corresponding bogie side frame that each is held and this end is mounted thereto of described truck bolster.Described bogie side frame to wheel set mounting interface assembly reverses submissive around vertical axes.
In the feature aspect described of the present invention, described bogie truck does not have unsprung horizontal cross member between described bogie side frame.In another feature, described bogie side frame is mounted to teeter.In another feature, described bogie side frame to wheel set mounting interface assembly comprises from turning to device.
In another aspect of this invention, have a kind of railroad freight car bogie truck, it has the wheel set that is installed in a pair of bogie side frame, and described bogie side frame has the side frame guide that holds described wheel set.Described drawing strickle guide has the side frame guide fixing device.Described side frame guide fixing device comprises side frame guide fixing device thrust block seat.Described wheel set has mounted thereto to be installed in the bearing seat between the described fixing device.Described side frame guide has the seat of the drawing strickle guide separately member that swingingly can cooperate with described bearing seat.Described bogie truck has the member that is installed between described fixing device and the described bearing seat described bearing seat is pushed to the position with respect to described drawing strickle guide seat centering.In another feature, connect at the described end wall of the thrust ear of railway carriage side frame guide fixing device and bearing and turning and to be placed with member between the boundary, described member is used for pushing described bearing seat to respect to described bogie side frame off-position.
In another aspect of this invention, have and a kind ofly be used for side frame guide on the three-member type steering rack for train carriage to the Axle bearing interface module.Described interface module has and had been used for not only laterally but also the parts of longitudinal oscillation, and described interface module comprises bearing assembly, and described bearing assembly has one of them the swing surface that is integrally formed on it.
In the additional features aspect described of the present invention, described bearing assembly comprises the swing surface with composite curvature.In another feature, described parts comprise the saddle surface that can swing cooperation.In another feature, described parts comprise the nonreentrant surface with first composite curvature and have the recessed surface of cooperation of second composite curvature that described nonreentrant surface and the recessed surface of cooperation swingingly engage mutually.One of them described surface comprises globular part at least.In another feature, described parts are located away from the teeter of described parts with reversing with respect to the longitudinal oscillation of vertical turning cylinder.In another feature, described parts comprise the force transmission interface, and described force transmission interface has torsional compliance with respect to the twist moment around vertical axes.In another feature, described assembly comprises the elastic biasing member.
In another aspect of this invention, have and a kind ofly be used for side frame guide on the three-member type steering rack for train carriage to the Axle bearing interface module.Described interface module has and had been used for not only laterally but also the parts of longitudinal oscillation, and described interface module comprises bearing assembly, and described bearing assembly has one of them the swing surface that is integrally formed on it.
In the additional features aspect described of the present invention, described bearing assembly comprises the swing surface with composite curvature.In another feature, described parts comprise the saddle surface that can swing cooperation.In another feature, described parts comprise nonreentrant surface with first composite curvature and the recessed surface of cooperation with second composite curvature, and described nonreentrant surface and the recessed surface of cooperation swingingly engage mutually, and one of them described surface comprises globular part at least.In another feature, described parts are located away from the teeter of described parts with reversing with respect to the longitudinal oscillation of vertical turning cylinder.In another feature, described parts comprise the force transmission interface, and described force transmission interface has torsional compliance with respect to the twist moment around vertical axes.In another feature, described assembly comprises the elastic biasing member.
In another aspect of this invention, have and a kind ofly be used for side frame guide on the three-member type steering rack for train carriage to the Axle bearing interface module.Described interface module has the swing surface of cooperation.Described assembly comprises the bearing on the end that is installed to the wheel set axletree.Described bearing has outer shroud, and one of them swing surface with respect to described bearing rigidity fix.
In still another aspect of the invention, has a kind of bearing of an end of the wheel countershaft that is installed in the three-member type steering rack for train carriage.Described bearing has external member, described external member is installed in the position that rotate with respect to this external member the end that allows described axletree, and described external member has formation swing surface thereon to engage with the rolling contact surfaces that cooperates of the drawing strickle guide seat member of the bogie side frame of described three-member type bogie truck.In the additional features aspect described of the present invention, described bearing has the pivot center consistent with the centerline axis of described axletree, and described surface have from the radial distance of described center of turn for minimum zone and described zone and its either side angle be adjacent to positive derivative dr/d θ between this regional each point.
In another feature, described surface is a column.In another feature, described surface has constant radius of curvature.In another feature, described column has the axis of the described pivot center that is parallel to described bearing.In another feature, described surface has local minimum potential energy position in being installed in the three-member type bogie truck time, and described minimum potential energy position is between big potential energy position.In another feature, described surface is the surface with composite curvature.In another feature, described surface has the shape of saddle.In another feature, described surface has radius of curvature.Described bearing has pivot center and from the zone of described pivot center radial distance minimum.Described radius of curvature is greater than described minimum radial distance.
In another feature, has the combination of a kind of bearing and drawing strickle guide seat.In additional features, described bearing has pivot center.The described lip-deep primary importance of described bearing all radially more approaches described pivot center than other any positions on it, and first distance L is defined as the distance between described pivot center and the described primary importance.The described surface of described bearing and the described surface of described drawing strickle guide seat have radius of curvature separately and cooperate with protruding and recessed relation.A radius of curvature is the convex curvature radius r
1Another radius of curvature is recessed radius of curvature R
2r
1Greater than L, R
2Greater than r
1, and L, r
1And R
2Defer to formula L
-1-(r
1 -1-R
2 -1)＞0.In another additional features, can cooperate to allow from turning in described swing surface.
With reference to following detailed description of the invention and accompanying drawing, be appreciated that above-mentioned and other aspect and feature of the present invention.
Description of drawings
With reference to the accompanying drawing that is provided, and by one exemplary embodiment of the present invention or embodiment, combination principle and various aspects are described, principle of the present invention can be understood better, and wherein:
Fig. 1 a show steering rack for train carriage according to an aspect of the present invention embodiment example wait axonometric drawing;
Fig. 1 b shows the birds-eye view of the steering rack for train carriage of Fig. 1 a;
Fig. 1 c shows the lateral plan of the steering rack for train carriage of Fig. 1 a;
Fig. 1 d shows the exploded drawings of the part of bogie truck, and described bogie truck is similar to the bogie truck of Fig. 1 a;
Fig. 1 e shows the decomposition section of example of alternative three-member type bogie truck of the bogie truck of Fig. 1 a, and this alternative three-member type bogie truck has the shock absorber of installing along the spring assembly line of centers;
Fig. 1 f shows the axonometric drawing such as grade of the examples Example of the steering rack for train carriage of content according to an aspect of the present invention;
Fig. 1 g shows the lateral plan of the steering rack for train carriage of Fig. 1 f;
Fig. 1 h shows the birds-eye view of the steering rack for train carriage of Fig. 1 f;
Fig. 1 i is a cutaway view, its half show the end elevation of the bogie truck of Fig. 1 f, second half shows along the cross section of bogie pivot center intercepting;
Fig. 1 j shows the layout of spring of the bogie truck of Fig. 1 f;
Fig. 2 a is the amplification details of the lateral plan of for example bogie truck of Fig. 1 a, 1b, 1c or 1e, and it intercepts at side frame guide to bearing seat interface;
Fig. 2 b shows the lateral cross section of passing side frame guide (wheelset) shaft centre line intercepting to the bearing seat interface along wheel set of Fig. 2 a;
Cross section when Fig. 2 c shows Fig. 2 b and is positioned at the lateral deflection state;
Fig. 2 d is that the drawing strickle guide seat of Fig. 2 a is to the longitudinal cross-section of bearing seat interface on vertical symmetrical plane of described bearing seat;
Fig. 2 e shows the longitudinal cross-section of Fig. 2 d when vertically departing from;
Fig. 2 f shows the birds-eye view of the details of Fig. 2 a;
Fig. 2 g shows the staggered cross section of bearing seat on the hatching ' 2g-2g ' of Fig. 2 a of Fig. 2 a;
The exploded isometric view of the side frame guide that Fig. 3 a shows Fig. 2 a to the alternative side frame guide of bearing seat interface to the bearing seat interface;
The bearing seat that Fig. 3 b shows Fig. 3 a to the alternative bearing seat of drawing strickle guide seated connection mouth to drawing strickle guide seated connection mouth;
Fig. 3 c shows the section drawing of the assembly of Fig. 3 b along its vertical-vertical summetry planar interception;
Fig. 3 d shows along the trapezoid cross section figure of the details of the assembly of Fig. 3 b of the 3d-3d ' intercepting of Fig. 3 c;
The exploded drawings of the bearing seat that Fig. 3 e shows Fig. 3 a to another alternative bearing seat of the embodiment of drawing strickle guide seated connection mouth to drawing strickle guide seated connection mouth embodiment;
Fig. 4 a show above the fixed bolster of the assembly of Fig. 3 a and an angle observe previously wait axonometric drawing;
Fig. 4 b be above the fixed bolster of Fig. 4 a and observe later wait axonometric drawing;
Fig. 4 c is the upward view of the fixed bolster of Fig. 4 a;
Fig. 4 d is the front elevation of the fixed bolster of Fig. 4 a;
Fig. 4 e is the section drawing of fixed bolster on ' 4e-4e ' of Fig. 4 d of Fig. 4 a;
Fig. 5 shows the alternative bolster similar to the bolster of Fig. 4 d, and described alternative bolster has a pair of separated bolster running-on and has the insert of first and second key grooves;
Fig. 6 a is the section-drawing that can use the alternative shock absorber in the bolster of for example bogie truck of Fig. 1 a, 1b, 1c, 1d and 1f;
Fig. 6 b shows the shock absorber after the friction adjustment pad is disassembled among Fig. 6 a;
Fig. 6 c is the reverse view of friction adjustment pad of the shock absorber of Fig. 6 a;
Fig. 7 a is the front elevation that is used for the friction shock absorber on the bogie truck of Fig. 1 a for example;
Fig. 7 b shows the lateral plan of the shock absorber of Fig. 7 a;
Fig. 7 c shows the back view of the shock absorber of Fig. 7 b;
Fig. 7 d shows the upward view of the shock absorber of Fig. 7 a;
Fig. 7 e shows at the cross section of Fig. 7 c ' 7e-7e ' and goes up section-drawing on the line of centers at the shock absorber of Fig. 7 a of intercepting;
Fig. 7 f is that the shock absorber of Fig. 7 a is gone up the section-drawing of intercepting in the cross section of Fig. 7 e ' 7f-7f ';
Fig. 7 g show Fig. 7 a shock absorber alternative shock absorber wait axonometric drawing, described alternative shock absorber has friction adjustment side pad;
Fig. 7 h show Fig. 7 a shock absorber another alternative shock absorber wait axonometric drawing, described alternative shock absorber have " around " the friction adjustment pad;
Fig. 8 a shows the axle mounting views such as decomposition of alternative bearing block assembly of the bearing block assembly of Fig. 3 a;
Fig. 8 b shows axle assembled view such as the bearing block assembly of Fig. 8 a;
Fig. 8 c shows the view of assembly when its goods of furniture for display rather than for use is disassembled of Fig. 8 b;
Longitudinal cross-section when the assembly that Fig. 8 d shows Fig. 8 b is mounted;
Fig. 8 e is the installation view of assembly on the cross section of Fig. 8 d ' 8e-8e ' of Fig. 8 b;
Lateral cross section when the assembly that Fig. 8 f shows Fig. 8 b is mounted;
Fig. 9 a shows the exploded isometric view of alternative assembly of the assembly of Fig. 3 a;
Fig. 9 b shows the exploded isometric view that is similar to Fig. 9 a view, and shown bearing block assembly is combined with the neoprene pad;
Figure 10 a shows the exploded isometric view of alternative assembly of the assembly of Fig. 3 a;
Figure 10 b shows by the top and observes the transparent view of bearing seat of the assembly of Figure 10 a facing to an angular direction;
Figure 10 c shows the transparent view by the bearing seat of beneath Figure 10 b;
Figure 10 d shows the upward view of the bearing seat of Figure 10 b;
Figure 10 e shows the longitudinal cross-section of bearing seat on the cross section of Figure 10 d ' 10e-10e ' of Figure 10 b;
Figure 10 f shows the lateral cross section of bearing seat on the cross section of Figure 10 d ' 10f-10f ' of Figure 10 b;
Figure 11 a is the exploded drawings of alternative bearing block assembly of the bearing block assembly of Fig. 3 a;
Figure 11 b shows the view of the bearing seat of Figure 11 a that observes by the below with facing to an angular direction;
Figure 11 c is the birds-eye view of the bearing seat of Figure 11 b;
Figure 11 d is the longitdinal cross-section diagram of bearing seat on ' 11d-11d ' of Figure 11 c;
Figure 11 e is the view in transverse section of bearing seat on ' 11e-11e ' of Figure 11 c;
Figure 11 f is one group of view of cushion member of the assembly of Figure 11 a;
Figure 11 g shows by the top and faces toward the view that the bearing seat of Figure 11 a is observed in an angular direction;
The exploded isometric view of the bearing seat that Figure 12 a shows Fig. 3 a to the alternative bearing seat of drawing strickle guide holder assembly to the drawing strickle guide holder assembly;
Figure 12 b shows the longitudinal center cross section of assembly after assembling of Figure 12 a;
Figure 12 c shows the cross section on ' 12c-12c ' of Figure 12 b; And
Figure 12 d shows the cross section on ' 12d-12d ' of Figure 12 b;
Figure 13 a shows the birds-eye view of the embodiment of bearing seat and drawing strickle guide seat, described bearing seat and drawing strickle guide seat can use in the side frame guide that is similar to Fig. 2 a, described drawing strickle guide seat is squeezed with demonstration and is formed on wherein recess, and described recess is used for combining with described bearing seat;
Figure 13 b shows the bearing seat of Figure 13 a and the lateral plan of drawing strickle guide seat;
Figure 13 c shows the bearing seat of Figure 13 a and goes up the longitudinal cross-section that intercepts at Figure 13 d ' 13c-13c ';
Figure 13 d shows the bearing seat of Figure 13 a and the end elevation of drawing strickle guide seat;
Figure 13 e shows the lateral cross section that the bearing seat of Figure 13 a intercepts on the wheel set shaft centre line;
Figure 13 f is the right cross section along the lateral symmetry plane of bearing seat and drawing strickle guide seat group, and described bearing seat and drawing strickle guide seat group are right to bearing seat and the drawing strickle guide seat group that is similar to Figure 13 e, and it has the goods of furniture for display rather than for use of inversion and seat portion;
Figure 13 g shows the bearing seat of Figure 13 f and drawing strickle guide seat group to the cross section on vertical symmetrical plane;
Figure 14 a show the bearing seat of Figure 13 a and drawing strickle guide seat alternative etc. axonometric drawing, it has complete curved upper surface;
Figure 14 b shows the bearing seat of Figure 14 a and the lateral plan of drawing strickle guide seat;
Figure 14 c shows the bearing seat of Figure 14 a and the end elevation of drawing strickle guide seat;
Figure 14 d shows the bearing seat of Figure 14 a that intercepts and the cross section of drawing strickle guide seat on vertical symmetrical plane;
Figure 14 e shows the cross section of bearing seat and the drawing strickle guide seat of Figure 14 a that intercepts on the lateral symmetry plane;
Figure 15 a shows the birds-eye view of alternative bearing seat of the bearing seat of Figure 13 a and drawing strickle guide seat and the inverted view of alternative recessed drawing strickle guide seat;
Figure 15 b shows the longitudinal cross-section of the bearing seat of Figure 15 a;
Figure 15 c shows the bearing seat of Figure 15 a and the end elevation of drawing strickle guide seat;
Figure 16 a show the bearing seat of Figure 13 a and the combination of drawing strickle guide seat another embodiment etc. axonometric drawing, wherein, the combination interface that described bearing seat and drawing strickle guide seat have saddle;
Figure 16 b shows the bearing seat of Figure 16 a and the end elevation of drawing strickle guide seat;
Figure 16 c shows the bearing seat of Figure 16 a and the lateral plan of drawing strickle guide seat;
Figure 16 d is the lateral cross section of bearing seat and the drawing strickle guide seat of Figure 16 a;
Figure 16 e is the longitudinal cross-section of bearing seat and the drawing strickle guide seat of Figure 16 a;
Figure 16 f shows bearing seat and the right lateral cross section of drawing strickle guide seat group, and described bearing seat and drawing strickle guide seat group are to having with respect to the bearing seat of Figure 16 a and drawing strickle guide seat group inverted interface;
Figure 16 g shows bearing seat and the right longitudinal cross-section of drawing strickle guide seat group of Figure 16 f;
Figure 17 a shows bearing seat and another the alternative bearing seat of drawing strickle guide seat combination and the decomposition side view of seat portion combination of Figure 13 a, and described alternative bearing seat and the combination of seat portion have a pair of cylindricality goods of furniture for display rather than for use and therebetween pivot bindiny mechanism;
Figure 17 b shows the exploded end view of bearing seat and the drawing strickle guide seat of Figure 17 a;
Bearing seat and drawing strickle guide seat that Figure 17 c shows Figure 17 a are assembled the cross section that the back intercepts on its longitudinal centerline;
Bearing seat and drawing strickle guide seat that Figure 17 d shows Figure 17 a are assembled the cross section that the back intercepts on its cross central line;
Figure 17 e shows the possible arrangement of the assembly of Figure 17 a;
Figure 18 a is bearing seat and the alternative bearing seat of drawing strickle guide holder assembly and the exploded end view of seat parts of Figure 17 a, and described alternative bearing seat and drawing strickle guide holder assembly have the neoprene intermediate member;
Figure 18 b shows the decomposition side view of the assembly of Figure 18 a;
Figure 19 a is the lateral plan of alternative assembly of the assembly of Figure 13 a or 16a, and described alternative assembly uses neoprene shear pad and horizontal goods of furniture for display rather than for use;
Figure 19 b shows the lateral cross section that the assembly of Figure 19 b intercepts on its axle centerline;
Figure 19 c shows the cross section that the assembly of Figure 19 a intercepts on vertical symmetrical plane of described bearing seat;
The alternative assembly that Figure 19 d shows Figure 19 a as ' 19d-19d ' trapezoid cross section of being indicated on the cross sectional view of observing by the top that intercepts;
Figure 19 e shows the end elevation of alternative goods of furniture for display rather than for use combination of the goods of furniture for display rather than for use combination of Figure 19 a, and it has used the neoprene pad;
Figure 19 f shows the transparent view of alternative pad combination of the pad combination of Figure 19 e;
Figure 20 a is to use the view of the bearing seat in the assembly of Figure 19 a;
Figure 20 b shows the birds-eye view of the bearing seat of Figure 20 a;
Figure 20 c shows the longitudinal cross-section of Figure 20 a bearing seat;
Figure 21 a shows the axonometric drawing such as grade of the base of the assembly that is used for Figure 19 a;
Figure 21 b shows the birds-eye view of the base of Figure 21 a;
Figure 21 c shows the lateral plan of the base of Figure 21 a;
Figure 21 d shows the half section of the base of Figure 21 a;
Figure 21 e shows the axonometric drawing such as grade of the goods of furniture for display rather than for use of the base that is used for Figure 21 a;
Figure 21 f shows the birds-eye view of the goods of furniture for display rather than for use of Figure 21 a;
Figure 21 g shows the end elevation of the goods of furniture for display rather than for use of Figure 21 a;
Figure 22 a shows the alternative means of the wheel set of Fig. 2 a to drawing strickle guide interface module device, and described device has the two-way arc goods of furniture for display rather than for use of cooperation, and a described goods of furniture for display rather than for use integrally forms the outside of bearing;
Figure 22 b shows the assembly of Figure 22 a and goes up the cross section that intercepts at Figure 22 a ' 22b-22b ';
Figure 22 c shows the section drawing of the assembly of Figure 22 a along arrow ' 22c-22c ' the direction observation of Figure 22 b;
Figure 23 a shows the end elevation of alternative assembly of the assembly of Figure 22 a, and described alternative assembly is combined with folk prescription to vertical goods of furniture for display rather than for use;
Figure 23 b shows the cross section of going up intercepting at Figure 23 a at ' 23b-23b ';
Figure 24 a show Fig. 1 a the three-member type bogie truck alternative three-member type bogie truck wait axonometric drawing;
Figure 24 b shows the lateral plan of the three-member type bogie truck of Figure 24 a;
Figure 24 c shows half birds-eye view of the three-member type bogie truck of Figure 24 b;
Figure 24 d shows the bogie truck of Figure 24 b and goes up the partial view of intercepting at ' 24d-24d ';
Figure 24 e shows the axonometric drawings such as part of truck bolster of the three-member type bogie truck of Figure 24 a, and it shows friction damper hold;
Figure 24 f usually shows for example force diagram of four jiaos of damper means in the bogie truck of Fig. 1 a, 1f and Figure 24 a;
Figure 25 a shows the lateral plan of alternative three-member type bogie truck of the three-member type bogie truck of Figure 24 a;
Figure 25 b shows half birds-eye view of the three-member type bogie truck of Figure 25 a; And
Figure 25 c shows the bogie truck of Figure 25 a and goes up the partial cross section that intercepts at ' 25c-25c ';
Figure 25 d shows the exploded isometric view of bolster and the bogie side frame assembly of Figure 25 a, and wherein, the spring of horizontal force drives the constant force shock absorber;
Figure 26 a shows the alterative version of the bolster of Figure 24 e, and it has the shock absorber running-on of double size, and described running-on is used to install the big single wedge with welding insert;
Figure 26 b shows the alternative folding wedge that is used on the truck bolster that is similar to Figure 26 a;
Figure 27 a shows the alternative bolster device of the bolster device that is similar to Fig. 5, but it has separating wedge;
Figure 27 b shows the bolster of the bolster that is similar to Figure 24 b, and it has cover of wedge mouth and the separating wedge device that is used in the described cover of wedge mouth with first and second jiaos;
Figure 27 c shows the single wedge of alternative scalariform on the bolster that is used in Figure 27 b;
Figure 28 a shows the bolster of Figure 17 b and the alternative bolster and the wedge device of wedge device, and described alternative bolster and wedge device have second angle of wedge;
Figure 28 b shows the alternative separating wedge device on the bolster that is used in Figure 28 a;
The specific embodiment
Describe description and the wherein said embodiment that provides following by example or each example to the specific embodiment of the principle of the invention.It is for explaining rather than limit those principles and purpose of the present invention that these examples are provided.In this specification sheets, similarly part in whole specification sheets and accompanying drawing with the identical sign of Reference numeral separately.Described accompanying drawing is not necessarily drawn in proportion and may be exaggerated ratio in some cases so that more clearly describe some feature of the present invention.
Aspect total orientation and directional terminology, for wherein said each railroad train wagon bogies (truck), longitudinal direction is defined as and railway carriage or the railway carriage unit rotating direction unanimity when being positioned between the linearity sector on (that is, straight) track.Under the situation of the railway carriage with central sill, longitudinal direction is parallel to central sill, and if when curb girder was arranged, it was parallel to curb girder.Unless otherwise noted, " vertical " or " making progress " and " downward " are to use the term of rail top as datum line.Term " horizontal " or " lateral outer side " are used for representing distance or the orientation with respect to the longitudinal centerline of train or unit, compartment.Term " longitudinal medial " or " vertical outside " are with respect to the gained distance of striding lateral cross section in compartment or the unit, compartment.Luffing is that the railway carriage unit winds the angular motion perpendicular to the horizontal shaft of described longitudinal direction.Deflection is the angular motion around vertical axis.Rolling is the angular motion around described longitudinal axis.
This specification sheets relates to steering rack for train carriage and truck components.Several A AR standard rotation frame size is listed in " 1997 compartments and locomotive cyc " (1997 Car﹠amp; Locomotive Cyclopedia) in 711 pages.As shown, for the single unit train compartment with two bogie trucks, " 40 tons " bogie truck level is equivalent to 142,000 pounds of total carriage weight (GWR) of the maximum on rail.Similarly, " 50 tons " are equivalent to 177,000 pounds, and " 70 tons " are equivalent to 220,000 pounds, and " 100 tons " are equivalent to 263,000 pounds, and " 125 tons " are equivalent to 315,000 pounds.In each case, so the load limit of every bogie truck is half of maximum total carriage weight on the rail.The bogie truck of two kinds of other types be used to have 286,000 pounds of GWR railway carriage " 110 tons " bogie truck and use " 70 tons of special uses " unnoticed bogie truck on the automatic supporter compartment sometimes.If said steering rack for train carriage tends to not only have vertical axis of symmetry but also have the lateral symmetry axle, in the difference of considering between right side and the left part, second half can also be used for describing usually to half explanation of carrying out of assembly.
This application relates to the friction shock absorber that is used for steering rack for train carriage, and multiple friction shock absorber system.The damper means that has some types, some dampening arrangements are illustrated in 715 to 716 pages in " 1997 compartments and locomotive cyc ".Dual damper means illustrates and is described among the US patent application publication No.US2003/0041772 A1 on March 6th, 2003, is entitled as " the train freight compartment with vibration damping suspension ", and introduces by reference at this.715 to 716 pages each damper means that is illustrated in " 1997 compartments or locomotive cyc " can be modified to using the damper means four jiaos, inside and outside dual shock absorber of the principle of abideing by each side of the present invention.
The shock absorber wedge will be discussed at this.Aspect general terms, each wedge can be installed in angled " the bolster running-on " that is formed in the truck bolster end.On cross-sectional plane, each wedge can have the general triangular shape, one side leg-of-muttonly be or have bearing surface, second limit that can be called bottom or base forms spring perch, and the 3rd limit is the hypotenuse between hypotenuse or other both sides.Described first limit can have the bearing surface of substantially flat, and it is used for vertically being combined in slidably the relative bearing surface of one of them bogie side frame post.Described second can not be such plane, but the form that can have a socket is in order to the upper end of one of them spring of holding spring assembly.Though described the 3rd, or hypotenuse can present the shape of substantially flat, it can have radius of curvature probably is 60 " slight sagitta.Described sagitta can and can extend through hypotenuse along the hypotenuse extension.The end face of each wedge can be straight substantially and can also have coating, surface treatment, shim liner or low friction pad so that it combines with the side of bolster running-on or with another independent slidably adjacent side face (if there is) smooth sliding of shock absorber wedge.
At the railway carriage run duration, bogie side frame may around the end of truck bolster rotate or among a small circle the angular deflection of pivoting to produce the wheel-borne load balance.Slight sagitta on the inclined-plane of shock absorber can be held this pivoting action in the following way, that is, when the flat support face keeps plane contact with the scuff panel of bogie side frame post shock absorber is swung a little with respect to the basic dip plane of bolster running-on.Though described inclined-plane can have slight sagitta, for purposes of illustration, it will be illustrated as the inclined-plane or as hypotenuse, and it will roughly be considered to straight substantially face approx.
In this term, each wedge has first jiao of α, and it is installed to shock absorber running-on inclined-plane and (b) angle between the bogie side frame cylinder on the truck bolster by the bolster end to bogie pivot center observed (a).In certain embodiments, in the plane that second jiao can be defined in angle α, promptly in the plane perpendicular to the vertical longitudinal plane of (not deflection) bogie side frame, from tilt first jiao size of vertical surface.That is to say that this plane parallel is in the major axis of (not deflection) truck bolster, and observed as the back side (hypotenuse) along shock absorber.Described second jiao of β is defined as when watching the viewed superelevation angle of shock absorber that is parallel to α plane, angle.Work in response to the rail disturbance owing to hanging, acting on second jiao of wedging action power on the β can push shock absorber to inboard or push the outside to according to selected angle.
The general description of bogie truck feature
Fig. 1 a and 1f provide and have embodied bogie truck 20 of one aspect of the invention and 22 example.The bogie truck 20 of Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 f and 22 can have same or basic similarly feature and similar structure, although they are different aspect pendulum length, spring hardness, wheelspan, window width and height and shock attenuation unit.That is to say that the bogie truck 20 of Fig. 1 f can have bigger wheelspan, and (for bogie truck 20, wheelspan is from 73 inches to 86 inches, can be between the 80-84 inch; And for bogie truck 22, wheelspan is the 63-73 inch), can have the main spring group of littler uprighting spring rate of strain, and four jiaos of shock absorber groups, described four jiaos of shock absorber groups can have different first and second jiaos on the shock absorber wedge.Bogie truck 20 can have 5 * 3 springs to be arranged, and bogie truck 22 can have 3 * 3 arrangements.Though arbitrary bogie truck can be suitable for multiple general-use, bogie truck 20 for example can be most suited to transport automobile or the relative low-gravity of the consumables, the goods of high value, and bogie truck 22 can be suitable for transporting the bigger half-blank industrial goods of proportion most, and for example it can be carried on the paper roll to be used for transporting in the train freight compartment.Each feature of described two type bogie trucks can be exchanged, and intention is to illustrate the bogie truck type of broad range.Although the possible difference in size aspect is arranged, basic similarly feature provides with identical part Reference numeral.Bogie truck 20 and 22 around its vertical and horizontal centerline axis all the symmetry.In each case, the place relating to bogie side frame is understandable that, bogie truck has first and second bogie side frames, first and second spring assembly, by that analogy.
Bogie truck 20 and 22 has truck bolster 24 and bogie side frame 26 separately.Each bogie side frame 26 has the window 28 of essentially rectangular, and described window holds an end 30 of bolster 24.The coboundary of window 28 is limited by bogie side frame arch or the compression element that is denoted as chord member 32, and the bottom of window 28 is by the tensile member definition that is denoted as bottom chord 34.The vertically vertical side of window 28 is limited by bogie side frame post 36.The terminal bending extension of each of tensile member is to combine with compression element.Each bent back ends place at bogie side frame 26 has side frame guide device or drawing strickle guide seat 38.Each installs 38, and to hold can be the last device of goods of furniture for display rather than for use or bearing, and it is in following explanation and discussion.Should go up device, no matter it is goods of furniture for display rather than for use or bearing, and what it was general is denoted as 40.Device 40 engages with the adapting device 42 of bearing seat 44 upper surfaces.Bearing seat 44 engage bearings 46, described bearing installation with the wherein end of contiguous one of them bogie axle 48 of one of them wheel 50 on.Device 40 is positioned on each vertical drawing strickle guide device 38, and described device 40 end wises are aimed at so that bogie side frame can laterally be swung with respect to the rotating direction of bogie truck.
Adapting device 40 and 42 pass tie up to the following more detailed description of doing.The relation of these devices is determined one of them the tip of the axis of one of them wheel set and a part of overall relation between the side frame guide.That is to say, when determining global response, axle head is installed in the dynamic socket that degree of freedom in the side frame guide relates to assembly parts, described assembly parts for example can be called wheel set to the bogie side frame interface module, and it can comprise bearing, bearing seat, neoprene (if use), goods of furniture for display rather than for use (if use) and be installed in drawing strickle guide seat in the side frame guide top.Described wheel set to the several different embodiment of bogie side frame interface module in following explanation.Have one degree of freedom with regard to bearing 46, promptly rotate around wheel shaft, to the analysis of described assembly can concentrate on bearing to drawing strickle guide seated connection mouth assembly or bearing seat to drawing strickle guide seated connection mouth assembly.The come in and go out purpose of this specification sheets, device 40 and 42 usually is used for representing the characteristics combination of bearing seat and drawing strickle guide holder assembly, this assembly limits the interface between side frame guide top and the bearing seat, and the six degrees of freedom of motion on this interface, promptly in response to dynamic input vertical, longitudinally with horizontal moving (i.e. moving in z, x and y direction) and pitching, rotate and wave (rotatablely moving around y, x and z axle respectively).
The bottom chord of bogie side frame 26 or tensile member can have basket plate mounted thereto rigidly or lower spring cup 52.Though can not having the unsprung lateral cross of crossbeam or cross bar character, supports bogie truck 22, if " hunting motion " bogie truck that adopts bogie truck 22 representatives to have cross bar or other spanner, can be on goods of furniture for display rather than for use the bottom goods of furniture for display rather than for use platform of mounting spring seat 52 to allow teeter with respect to bogie side frame 26.Spring perch 52 can have seat ring, and it is internal boss or peripheral flange, and described seat ring engages with the spring 54 of spring assembly 56 to hinder the effusion of spring bottom.Spring assembly 56 is interposed between the far-end 30 and spring perch 52 of bolster 24, and described spring assembly is positioned under the pressure of weight of railway carriage body and goods, and described goods is exerted pressure to bolster 24 by last.
Bolster 24 has the bolster running-on 60 and 62 (that is, each bolster always has 8 bolster running-ons, and every end has 4) in two inboards and the outside on each face of bolster external side end.That bolster running-on 60,62 holds respectively is vertically double-type first and second, the horizontal friction shock absorber wedge 64,66 and 68,70 of inboard or lateral outer side.Each bolster running-on 60,62 has inclined-plane or damper base 72, and it matches with the similar hypotenuse face 74 of shock absorber wedge 64,66,68 and 70. Wedge 64,66 is positioned at first separately, on the medial angle spring 76,78 and wedge 68,70 is positioned at second separately, on the lateral angle spring 80,82. Wedge 64,66 and 68,70 inclined-plane 74 are against each inclined-plane of 72.
Middle terminal spring 96 is supported on the bottom surface of platform 98, and described platform 98 is positioned at the centre of bolster running-on 60 and 62.The upper end of central row spring 100 is supported on the main central part 102 of bolster 24 ends.In this four-corner structure, each shock absorber is supported separately by one of them or another spring of spring assembly.The static pressure of the spring under the weight of car body or goods tends to work with spring load and makes the shock absorber bias voltage, thus along the ramp effect of bolster running-on so that friction face is pushed against on the bogie side frame.When the vertical sliding surface 90 of friction shock absorber wedge 64,66 and 68,70 moves up and down on skimming wear plate 92, friction damping is provided, described skimming wear plate be installed on bogie side frame post 36 on the in-to-in surface.Like this, the kinetic energy of motion changes into heat by friction more or less.This friction can attenuate the motion of bolster with respect to bogie side frame.When horizontal disturbance passes to wheel 50 by rail, rigidity axletree 48 can make side frames 26 deflection in the same direction.The reaction of bogie side frame 26 is as the swing of pendulum on last goods of furniture for display rather than for use.The weight of swing and can will impel bogie side frame to get back to its initial position subsequently by the antagonistic force that the distortion of spring causes.Consistent-vibration owing to orbit perturbation can fall by the frictional attenuation of shock absorber on scuff panel 92.
With for example shown in Fig. 1 e, can be installed in bolster on the bogie side frame line of centers, that have single shock absorber and compare, use the double-shock absorber of for example separating double-type shock absorber 64,68 can obtain bigger moment arm to resist the parallelogramming deflection of bogie truck 22 more at large, as being indicated with size " 2M " among Fig. 1 d.Use double-shock absorber to get back to " squarely " restitution power in square orientation than using single shock absorber to produce the bigger bogie truck that makes, described single shock absorber only has the recovery bias force, i.e. squarely application force, and its increase with deflection increases.That is to say, when parallelogramming deflection or diamonding, a pair of diagonal angle spring (promptly, inboard spring 76 and outside spring 82 can be compressed more significantly) can produce the recovery couple that acts on the bogie side frame scuff panel with respect to the different compressive forces of other a pair of diagonal angle spring (that is, inboard spring 78 and outside spring 80 can be compressed with 82 than spring 76) more not obviously.This couple can turn to bogie side frame the direction (that is, bolster is perpendicular to the position of bogie side frame or " squarely ") that makes the bogie truck squarely.Like this, bogie truck can be crooked, and when bogie truck was crooked, each shock absorber cooperation was taken on as the biasing member between bolster and the bogie side frame with the opposing bogie side frame with respect to the parallelogram of truck bolster or diamonding and impel bogie truck to get back to non-inflection point.
Bogie truck 20 and 22 has carried out above-mentioned explanation, and bogie truck 20 and 22 has spring assembly separately, and described spring assembly has three row's springs towards the bogie side frame post.The recovery couple that four jiaos of shock absorbers are arranged can be equally describes in the bogie truck of the spring assembly of shock absorber layout having 2 rows, in the bogie truck 400 as Figure 14 a to 14e.For notional intuitive, normal force on the friction face of any shock absorber can be represented that the effect of described normal force is similar to the point load on the barycenter that acts on pressure field and the size of described normal force equals the integrated value of described pressure field on its area by pressure field.Central role of this distribution application force is on the inner friction surface of the wedge 440 of post 428, and can be considered to point load with respect to diagonal angle outer friction surface lateral excursion one distance against the wedge 443 of post 430, this distance is the demarcation twice that is illustrated in the size ' L ' in the notion sketch map of Fig. 1 k.In the example of Figure 14 a, this approximately is the length of whole diameters of big spring coil in the spring assembly apart from 2L.Countermoment conceptive is in this case, M
R=[(F
1+ F
3)-(F
2+ F
4)] L.This can be expressed as M
R=4k
cTan (ε) Tan (θ) L, wherein, θ is first jiao (being expressed as α at this usually) of shock absorber, and k
cIt is the uprighting spring constant of the residing and coil that is biased of shock absorber.
In the different layout of spring assembly 2 * 4,3 * 3,3: 2: 2 or 3 * 5 groups, each shock absorber can be installed on each of 4 jiaos of positions.For the spring with phase constant characteristic, the part that acting force of the spring acts on the shock absorber wedge is in the scope of 25-50%.If spring does not have equal rigidity, acting force of the spring acts on the scope of the part on the shock absorber can be in the scope of about 20-35%.If when not using interior loop if use interior loop in some spring in other spring or when using the spring of different spring constants, coil assembly can have unequal rigidity.
It seems that from the present inventor possible is to promote bolster to the enhancing of bogie side frame interface (that is, by using four jiaos of shock absorber groups) this trend of squarely often can reduce at drawing strickle guide to the dependence of wheel set axial interface place to squarely.This can provide again and use a chance to the drawing strickle guide interface module of reversing ground flexible (around vertical axes), and allows to measure turning to certainly.
Stay bearing plate, promptly (Fig. 1 a) is wider than the integral thickness of bogie side frame to scuff panel 92 significantly, and described thickness more generally for example measures at the drawing strickle guide place, and described scuff panel can be wideer than traditional common scuff panel.This additional width adds above-mentioned infeed stroke corresponding to across crossing the extra overall shock absorber span width of shock absorber to abundant measurement, typically allow bolster with respect to bogie side frame to 1 of any side of deflection center not
1/
2(+/-) inch infeed stroke.That is to say that the width of plate 92 is not that a coil adds the up stroke surplus, but three coils add and hold 1 of any relatively side
1/
2(+/-) surplus of inch stroke, the double amount stroke 3 altogether " (+/-)).Bolster 24 has inboard and the outside flat 106,108 respectively, and its restriction bolster 24 is with respect to the cross motion of bogie side frame post 36.This motion surplus can+/-1
1/
8To 1
3/
4In the scope of inch, and can be 1
3/
16To 1
9/
16In the scope of inch, and can with respect to bogie side frame not the infeed stroke of the midway location during deflection for example be set in 1
1/
2Or 1
1/
4Inch.
The lower end that usually is denoted as each spring of 58 whole spring assembly is arranged in lower spring cup 52.On can being arranged as and having, lower spring cup 52 turns over the chassis on rectangular periphery limit.Though bogie truck 22 uses the spring assembly of arranging with 3 * 3, this is for general purpose, and is in order to represent different categories.They can be represented 3 * 5,2 * 4, arrange in 3: 2: 3 or 2: 3: 2, perhaps some other layout, and can comprise hydraulic damper, perhaps other layouts of these of spring go for this bogie truck will be with the given service of thereon railway carriage.
Fig. 2 a-2g
The bogie truck of similar hunting motion class, the swing interface surface of bearing seat can have protuberance or concave curvature, and the rolling touch spare on the goods of furniture for display rather than for use allows the teeter of bogie side frame by convex curvature or concave curvature.Bearing seat to drawing strickle guide seated connection mouth can have protruding or recessed vertical curvature and equally for given vertical load, and this protruding or concave curvature can present the linear resistance of out-of-position along the longitudinal direction more or less, and is about the same with spring or neoprene role.
For this illustrate and illustrate on the surface that complex curve face (that is, having the curvature at both direction) is gone up rolling touch, vertically rigidity can be approximated to be infinite (that is, compare with other rigidity very big); Suppose that described surface do not slide, also can think infinite at the translation longitudinal rigidity of contact point; Suppose that described surface do not slide, also can think infinite at the translation lateral stiffness of contact point.Can be considered to zero or approximately be zero around the rotational stiffness of vertical axis.To recently saying, not inappreciable around the angular rigidity of vertical and horizontal axis.Lateral angle rigidity can more generally be determined the rigidity of the cooresponding pendulum (pendulum) of survey frame.
The rigidity of pendulum is directly proportional with the weight of pendulum.Similarly, the friction that acts on the resistance on the railway carriage wheel and act on lower floor's track structure is the function of the wheel weight of bearing.Therefore, preferably wish to have from turning to, and along with the increase of lade, the general proportions between the weight that wheel carried or the rigidity of self-steering mechanism can be kept by swing for fully loaded compartment.
The bogie truck performance can change along with the frictional behavior of damper surface.Tend to adopt dynamically significantly different shock absorbers to produce not exclusively useful stick-slip phenomenon with static friction coefficient.Useful is that the feature of rotation to performance combined with the shock absorber that reduces the stick-slip tendency of operation.
In addition, although bearing seat can be formed by the material quite cheaply of for example cast iron, in certain embodiments, the insertion of different materials can be used in the goods of furniture for display rather than for use.In addition, can adopt valuably and can make distant bar centering and can realize auxiliary centering function when mounted so that the member that goods of furniture for display rather than for use is operated from the least energy position of expectation.
Fig. 2 a-2g shows the embodiment of bearing seat and drawing strickle guide holder assembly.Bearing seat 44 has bottom 112, and described bottom forms to hold and to be placed on the bearing 46, and described bearing itself is installed in the tip of the axis, i.e. the end of axletree 48.Bearing seat 44 has top 114, the parts that it has centralized positioning, projects upwards, promptly protruding bearing seat interface portion 116.Component, promptly recessed goods of furniture for display rather than for use seated connection oral area 118 is installed in the top 120 of side frame guide rigidly.For this purpose, heart is installed with respect to drawing strickle guide top 120 in the lug 122 of horizontal expansion.No matter which kind of type upper-part 40 is, it has the body of plate 126 forms, described plate has one group of upwardly extending lug or ear or lug boss 124 of being separated by notch at the lateral margin place along its longitudinal extension, described lug boss supports also tightly engagement lugs 122, thereby with upper-part 40 location, the back of the plate 126 of parts 40 is adjacent to the smooth load transmission plane at top 120.Upper-part 40 can be the drawing strickle guide base member with concave support surface, and promptly part 118.Shown in Fig. 2 g, when bogie side frame is lowered by to wheel set, connect end-grain cutting mouth between the boundary 132 or groove 128 at the bearing seat turning between side frame guide fixing device 130 separately.When bogie side frame was put into, therefore bearing seat 44 was fixed on the position of protruding and concave portion (116 and 118) when being in engage when the bearing seat interface.
Protuberance 116 (Fig. 2 d) forms to has roughly towards last surface 142, and described surface had both had first curvature r
1To allow the longitudinal direction swing, has second curvature r again
2(Fig. 2 c) is to allow horizontal direction swing (hunting motion of bogie side frame).Similarly, in general situation, recess 118 has the surface, and described surface has first curvature radius R along the longitudinal direction
1With second curvature radius R along horizontal direction
2r
1And R
1Joint can allow along the longitudinal direction swing, the weight that swing displacement and wheel bear is proportional.That is to say the proportional rather than spring constant that equals to fix of the resistance of angular variation and weight.This can all produce passive turning to certainly under the state in underloading compartment and fully loaded compartment.This relation is presented among Fig. 2 d and the 2e.Fig. 2 d shows longitudinal oscillation parts non-inflection point placed in the middle or that do not work.Fig. 2 e shows and is positioned at its maximum vertically tilting member of deflection state.Fig. 2 d represents the local minimum potential energy state of system.Fig. 2 e is expressed as follows system, in this system, vertically acts on the center C by axletree and bearing
BHorizontal plane on the merit done of directed force F cause the increase of potential energy, this will produce the rising of the height of drawing strickle guide.In other words, because described application force impels axle yaw,, and thereby increase its potential energy so hunting motion will make the compartment raise.
When one of the thrust block seat that extends in end face 134 that the turning connects the bearing seat 44 between the boundary and fixing device 130 or another stroke limitation adjacent surface 136 contacted, the travel limit of longitudinal direction was arrived.Usually, skew can be by the angular displacement of axle centerline
1Perhaps with as θ
2Shown goods of furniture for display rather than for use contact point is in radius r
1On angular transposition measure.The end face 134 of bearing seat 44 is planes, and it becomes the angle of inclination of η with vertical surface.Shown in Fig. 2 g, adjacent surface 136 can have circular cylindricality arc, and the major axis of described cylindricality extends vertically.The typical maximum radius R on this surface
3It is 34 inches.When bearing seat 44 fully was offset the η angle, end face 134 can contact with adjacent surface 136 lines.Like this, (part 116) convex surface is suppressed with respect to the further longitudinal oscillation campaign on (part 118) concave surface.Therefore, fixing device 130 is suppressed to limited scope with the arc deflection of bearing seat 44.The typical range of η can be about 3 radians.δ
VerticallyTypical maxim can be with respect to any side of static vertical line of centers approximately+/-3/16 ".
Similarly, shown in Fig. 2 b and 2c, at horizontal direction, r
2With R
2Joint can allow teeter, promptly can adopt the mode of hunting motion bogie truck.Fig. 2 b shows placed in the middle, the static minimum potential of teeter system.Fig. 2 c shows the identical systems that is positioned at the lateral deflection state.In this case, δ
2Approximate (L greatly
Pendulum-r
2) Sin , wherein, for little angle, Sin approximates greatly.L
PendulumThe static height that can be considered between the center of spring pedestal 52 and protruding and recess 116 and 118 s' the contact interface is poor.
Be applied to when horizontal force on the center plate of truck bolster, produce antagonistic force at wheel and rail contact position the most at last.Horizontal force is delivered to the main spring group by bolster, and next be converted in the spring perch horizontal force so that the pendulum bottom deflection.Described antagonistic force sends bearing seat to, and therefore sends the top of pendulum to.Described pendulum will be with post deflection, till the moment arm that described weight of laying out multiply by institute's deflection pendulum is enough to make the moment balance that acts on described horizontal couple of laying out.
This bearing seat to drawing strickle guide seated connection mouth assembly is applied in the position of described gravity biased of laying out to center or " static ", wherein has minimum local potential energy in system.Complete inflection point shown in Fig. 2 c can be spent (preferably less than 5 degree) less than 10 corresponding to being changeed approximately to any lateral deviation at center by vertical plane, and actual maxim is determined with respect to the spacing of plate 104 by flat 106 and 108.Though common R
1And R
2Can be different, so concave surface is the outside of anchor ring, but can preferably make R
1And R
2Value identical, that is, make the bearing surface of described female component form a part of spherical, neither have major axis and also do not have minor axis, but only be formed on the radius of a ball.R
1And R
2Trend with automatic centering.This trend can be quite mild.In addition, in normal conditions, minimum R
1And R
2Can be equal to or greater than maximum r
1And r
1Value.If like this, described contact point may have the ability of very little (if having) and will be at the contact point place transmit around the moment of torsion perpendicular to the axis effect of plane of oscillation, so horizontal and vertical hunting motion tendency is separated with reversing, therefore we can say, with respect to this degree of freedom (around perpendicular to swing contact interface surface vertically or the rotation carried out of vertical basically axle), described interface have the compliance of reversing (that is, be centered around contact point pass described surface axle reverse the resistance that departs from can ratio such as the resistance that departs from of lateral angles much smaller).Depart from for low-angle, be centered around the torsional stiffness of the vertical axis at contact point place, even when the smaller value of described recessed radius during less than the convexity radius of maximum, this condition also can satisfy sometimes.Though can make r
1And r
1Identical so that the bearing seat of value (if relation put upside down, itself or be the drawing strickle guide seat) convex surface be the part of spherical, under normal conditions, r
1And r
1Value can be different, r
1May be inclined to greater than or significantly greater than r
2Value.Usually, no matter r
1And r
1Whether equate R
1And R
2Can be identical or different.Work as r
1And r
1Not simultaneously, the female part faying face can not be the part on anchor ring surface.It is pointed out that equally the situation of the limit is R if local minimum energy state (that is, normal operation return to form automatically) will be got back to by system
1And R
2Any one or both can be infinity, so that or form cylindrical portion or can form the plane when both are infinity.In another embodiment, can be r
1=r
1And R
1=R
2In an embodiment, r
1Can with r
1Identical, and can be about 40 inches (+/-5 "), and R
1Can with R
2Identical, and both all can be for very big so that concave surface be flat.
Can consider other embodiment of goods of furniture for display rather than for use geometric configuration.In an embodiment, R
1=R
2=15 inches, r
1=8
5/
8Inch and r
2=5 ".In another embodiment, R
1=R
2=15 inches, and r
1=10 " and r
2=8
5/
8" (+/-).In another embodiment, r
1=8
5/
8, r
2=5 ", R
1=R
2=12 ".In another embodiment, r
1=12
1/
2", r
2=8
5/
8And R
1=R
2=15 ".In another embodiment, R
1=R
2=∞ and r
1=r
2=40 ".
The radius of curvature r of protruding vertical goods of furniture for display rather than for use
1Can be less than 60 inches, and be positioned at 5 to 50 inches scope, can be positioned at 8 to 40 scope, can be about 15 inches.R
1Can be for greatly, perhaps less than 100 inches, and can be in 10 to 60 scope, perhaps 12 to 40 than close limit in, and can be at r
1In 11/10 to 4 times the scope of size.
The radius of curvature r of protruding horizontal goods of furniture for display rather than for use
2Can be between 30 to 50 inches.Selectively, in the bogie truck of another type, r
2Can be less than about 25 or 30 inches, and can be positioned at about 5 to 20 inches scope.r
2Can be in about 8 to 16 inches scope, and can be about 10 inches.When using line contact hunting motion, r
2Value that can be when not using line contact hunting motion is smaller approximately a little, big in 3 to 10 inches scope, and may equal about 5 inches.
R
2Can be less than 60 inches, and can be less than about 25 or 30 inches, thereby less than half of 60 inches of above-mentioned convexity radiuses.Selectively, R
2Can be in 6 to 40 inches scope, and can be in 5 to 15 inches scope under the situation of rolling wire contact.R
2Can be in r
21
1/
2Doubly between 4 times.In an embodiment, R
2Can be r
2About 2 times (
+/-20%).When using the line contact, R
2Can be in 5 to 20 inches scope, perhaps narrower range, 8 to 14 inches.
Be used in the situation that spherical female covers at the spherical male goods of furniture for display rather than for use, in certain embodiments, convexity radius can be in 8 to 13 inches scope, and can be about 9 inches; Recessed radius can be in 11 to 16 scope, and can be about 12 inches.When using anchor ring or oval surface, in an embodiment, laterally convexity radius can be about 7 inches, and vertically convexity radius can be about 10 inches, and horizontal recessed radius can be about 12 inches, and vertical recessed radius can be about 15 inches.When using flat recessed goods of furniture for display rather than for use surface and using protruding spherical surface, the convex curvature radius can arrive in about 50 inches scope about 20, and can be positioned at 30 to 40 narrower ranges.
Depend on that carrying capacity, intended purpose and goods of furniture for display rather than for use material can have many combinations.In each situation, according to the load histories of predetermined carrying capacity, expection and running life can selective fit protruding and recessed goods of furniture for display rather than for use surface to produce the suitable pairing of entity.These pairings can change.
Goods of furniture for display rather than for use described here surface can be formed by hard relatively material, and described hard material can be the metal or metal alloy material, for example steel or have comparable rigidity and the material of toughness.This material is being swung position contacting to be similar to the mode generation elastic deformation of journal bearing and ball bearing of main shaft.However, described goods of furniture for display rather than for use can think that the ideal rolling point or the line of approaching infinite rigid member contact (can be).This is different from following material, and in this material, the neoprene element is no matter be that to pay somebody's debt and expect repayment later be block any shape, its deflection can be used for determining this element dynamically and the steady-error coefficient feature.
In an embodiment, the scope of the teeter constant in underloading compartment can be about 48,000 to 130, in the angular deflection radian of 000in-lbs/ bogie side frame pendulum, or for fully loaded compartment scope 260,000 to 700, in the 000in-lbs/ radian, or more generally, scope is greatly in 0.95 to the 2.6in-lbs/ pound weight that radian/pendulum bore.Selectively, for underloading (for example, sky) compartment, the rigidity of pendulum can be 3,200 to 15, in 000 pound/inch the scope, and for 110 tonnes of bogie trucks of fully loaded, the rigidity of pendulum is 22,000 to 61, in 000 pound/inch the scope, perhaps more generally, in the pound weight range that inch/pendulum bore of 0.06 to 0.160 pound measured/lateral deflection of spring pedestal.
Recessed and nonreentrant surface can be inverted that recessed face of joint is formed on the drawing strickle guide seat so that recessed face of joint is formed on the bearing seat.This is the actual term problems that are " seat " which parts for " goods of furniture for display rather than for use " of which parts.Sometimes, seat can be assumed to the parts that have than long radius, and it is considered to fixed reference, and goods of furniture for display rather than for use is considered to have the parts of small radii, and it is " swing " on described fixed reference.Yet, be not always like this.Constitutionally, no matter component is protruding or recessed, there is interrelation in it, no matter and described parts be known as " seat " or " goods of furniture for display rather than for use ", have relative motion between described parts or the part.Described parts cooperate on the force transmission interface.Move along with moving of described parts at described force transmission interface, and the swing interface of described parts cooperation to determine to go up each other is no matter it is female part or male part nominally.One of them of component or surface is the part of described bearing seat, and another is the part of described drawing strickle guide.Two mating surfacess can only be arranged, total or assembly in plural mating surfaces can be arranged, described mating surfaces is determined the dynamic interface between described bearing seat and described drawing strickle guide parts or the drawing strickle guide seat (no matter it is called in which way).
Recessed radius R
1And R
2All can be not on same parts, and r
1And r
1All can be not on same parts.That is to say that they can be combined and form the saddle type parts, in described saddle type parts, described bearing seat has upper surface, and described upper surface has male part, and this male part is the vertical convex surface that has the horizontal expansion turning cylinder, and it has radius of curvature r
1, and described bearing seat has female part, and it is to have chordwise curvature radius R
2The longitudinal extension groove.Similarly, described drawing strickle guide base member can have prone surface, and this surface has the horizontal expansion groove, and this groove has the radius of curvature R of longitudinal register
1, with the r of the convex surface of described bearing seat
1In conjunction with; And have longitudinal extension, to the convex surface of lower process, described convex surface has chordwise curvature radius r
2, with the R of the groove of described bearing seat
2In conjunction with.
In some sense, saddle shaped surface be the seat be again goods of furniture for display rather than for use, be seat in one direction, on another direction, be goods of furniture for display rather than for use.As mentioned above, essence is to have two minor radius and two big (or can or even greatly) radius, and described surface forms all cooperation of rolling touch pairings in the horizontal and vertical directions, and described assembly is biased the potential energy position of the local minimum at the center of getting back to.It may be noted that equally described saddle shaped surface can be squeezed so that described bearing seat has r
2And R
1And described drawing strickle guide base member has r
1And R
2In arbitrary situation, R
1And R
2Minimum value can be more than or equal to r
1And r
2Maxim, and described cooperation saddle shaped surface tendency separated with reversing, as mentioned above.
Fig. 3 a
Fig. 3 a shows the alternative of wheel set to the bogie side frame interface module, more generally is denoted as 150.It in this example, is understandable that the drawing strickle guide zone of the bogie side frame 151 shown in Fig. 3 a is similar to drawing strickle guide zone described in the former example substantially, unless and outside indicating, can think identical.Similarly, bearing 152 can be considered to more generally represent the position of wheel set end, and described wheel set to bogie side frame interface module comprises those parts, member or the parts that are installed between bearing 152 and the bogie side frame 151.Be installed in aspect on the bearing 152 with regard to the bottom section of bearing seat 154, it usually is similar to bearing seat 44.With the same at the body of these other illustrated bearing seats, the body of bearing seat 154 can be foundry goods or forging, or machined components, and can make by the relatively low cost material of for example cast iron or steel, and can be to make with the essentially identical mode of making bearing seat before this.Bearing seat 154 has two-way goods of furniture for display rather than for use 153, and described goods of furniture for display rather than for use has adopted basis one or another composite curvature with first and second radiuss of curvature that may make up at the protruding or recessed radius of curvature of this discussion.Bearing seat 154 can be different with above-mentioned bearing seat, it is vertically shorter that its difference is that the central body 155 of bearing seat is trimmed to, and the internal interval that the turning connects between the boundary portion is widened a little to adapt to the installation that auxiliary aligning gear or centering member or center-biased recover member, and these members have the form of the neoprene cushion rubber that for example is denoted as cushion or member 156.Member 156 can be considered to have the form of recovering aligning parts, and can be called " energy disperser " or " buffering " pad.Have the swing of cooperation surface and be denoted as 158 with the drawing strickle guide base member of permitting horizontal and vertical swing.The same with other drawing strickle guide base members in this demonstration and explanation, parts 158 can be made by hard metallic material, and described hard metallic material can be a certain other steel of level.In addition, the joint on swing surface can be to having low resistance around obvious vertical torque by contact point.
Fig. 3 b
In Fig. 3 b, bearing seat 160 is similar to bearing 154 substantially, but different are that it has and usually are denoted as 161 central recess, recess, cavity or holding portion that described central recess, recess, cavity or device are used to hold and are denoted as first or the insert of bottom goods of furniture for display rather than for use member 162.The same with bearing seat 154, the main or middle body of the body 159 of bearing seat 160 is compared with other situation can have shorter longitudinal length, its by brachymemma or dismounting to hold elastic component 156.
Holding portion 161 can have plan view shape, and the edge of plan view shape comprises one or more fit keys, mark, part or parts, and its sharp head 163 is representative.Tip 163 can hold fit key, mark, part or the parts of goods of furniture for display rather than for use member 162, and among cooperation retainingf key, mark, part or the parts of goods of furniture for display rather than for use member 162, blade 164 can be considered to representative example.Tip 163 and blade 164 can be fixed the angle orientation of the described bottom or the first goods of furniture for display rather than for use member 162 so that present suitable radius of curvature on horizontal and vertical all directions.For example, tip 163 can be centered on holding portion 161 (blade 164 correspondingly is spaced apart around the edge that inserts member 162) with the specific separation mode mistake (for example, 90 degree out-phase) to avoid installation position spaced apart unevenly.For example, a tip can be spent at the interval of adjacent tip with another 80 around the edge, the interval of adjacent tip with another 100 degree around the edge, and form the rectangle style by that analogy.Many variations can be arranged.
The body 159 of bearing seat 160 can be made by cast iron or steel, and insert, promptly the first goods of furniture for display rather than for use member 162 can be made by different materials.This different material can present for example can be by the goods of furniture for display rather than for use surface, hardening metal of different process manufacturing.For example, insert, member 162 can be by tool steel or the steel that for example can be used to produce ball bearing of main shaft make.In addition, the upper surface 165 that inserts member 162 comprises and the part that cooperates 168 swings of drawing strickle guide seat to combine, the upper surface that inserts member 162 can form high-grade smoothness by machinework or in other mode, be similar to the ball bearing of main shaft surface, and can be by heat treatment to obtain smooth support section.
Similarly, drawing strickle guide seat 168 can be made by for example tool steel or the hardening of steel material of making bearing, forming high-grade smoothness, and its through the heat treatment that is fit to form the surface that cooperates with the surface 165 of goods of furniture for display rather than for use 162.Selectively, drawing strickle guide seat 168 can have be similar to holding portion 161 and insert member 162 with 167 holding portions that indicate and the insertion member that indicates with the top or second goods of furniture for display rather than for use 166, it for example has retainingf key or mark so that parts can be installed on the correct orientation.Member 166 can be formed by hard material in the mode that is similar to member 162, and can have prone swing surface 157, described swing surface can be formed high-grade smoothness by machinework or in other mode, be similar to ball or cylindrical bearing surface, and it can be by heat treatment to obtain to be used for cooperating, swinging with surface 165 the smooth support member surfaces of joint.When goods of furniture for display rather than for use 162 has two convexity radiuses, and recessed radius of curvature is greatly so that recessed surface is when being the plane, and for example having, the abrasion member on the plane of spring clip can be installed in the drawing strickle guide top in the mode of spring interference fit to replace drawing strickle guide seat 168.In an embodiment, spring clip can be " Dyna-Clip " that for example provided by TransDyne Inc. (t.m.) clip on the scuff panel of drawing strickle guide top.This clip is illustrated in waiting in the axonometric drawing among Fig. 8 a with part 354.
Fig. 3 e
Fig. 3 e shows the alternative embodiment of wheel set to the bogie side frame interface module, usually is denoted as 170.Assembly 170 can comprise bearing seat 171, and a pair of elastic component 156, wobble component, described wobble component comprise the collar, resilient ring or guard ring 172, first goods of furniture for display rather than for use 173 and second goods of furniture for display rather than for use 174.The drawing strickle guide seat can be as the above-mentioned top that is installed in drawing strickle guide, and perhaps second goods of furniture for display rather than for use 174 can be directly installed on the drawing strickle guide top.
Bearing seat 171 is used to be installed in bottom section aspect on the bearing 152 with regard to it, usually is similar to bearing seat 44 or 154.The body of bearing seat 171 can be foundry goods or forging, or machined components, and it can be made by the material of the relatively low cost of for example cast iron or steel.Bearing seat 171 can have usually central recess, recess, cavity or the holding portions that indicate by 176, and it is used to hold goods of furniture for display rather than for use 173 and goods of furniture for display rather than for use 174 and guard ring 172.The end of the main portion of bearing seat 171 bodies has short relatively width to hold elastic component 156.Holding portion 176 can have the shape of circular open, and described circular open can have the flange 177 that extends radially inwardly, described flange be defined for the platform of settling first goods of furniture for display rather than for use 173 thereon towards last surface 178.Flange 177 also can be to comprising discharge orifice 178, and for example it can be 4 holes with the interval formation of 90 degree.Goods of furniture for display rather than for use 173 has the pillow joint face.First goods of furniture for display rather than for use 173 can comprise the central part of thickening and thin radially distal edge portion, and described edge part has bottom longitudinal edge or edge or platform, so that it is installed to and makes vertical loading transfer to flange 177.In alternative, can use on the flange under the platform 177 by suitable brass, bronze, copper or the no rubbed surface of making by other materials, soft relatively annular gasket or shim liner no matter be.First goods of furniture for display rather than for use 173 can more generally be made by being different from the material of making bearing seat 156 bodies.That is to say that goods of furniture for display rather than for use 173 can be made by hard or hardened material, tool steel or for example can be used in steel in the bearing for example, it can more generally be ground to than the precision of bearing seat 156 higher categorys and thinner other roughness of surface of level.This material can be suitable for rolling touch running under high contact pressure.
Second goods of furniture for display rather than for use 174 can have round-shaped (in planar view) or other suitable shapes, its have in the drawing strickle guide seat 168 that is used to pack into upper surface or, if do not use drawing strickle guide seat member, described upper surface thereby directly be formed and have the whole drawing strickle guide top that forms seat portion and cooperate.First goods of furniture for display rather than for use 173 can have top, swing surface 175, described swing surface for example have with cooperate second or go up the profile that can obtain the horizontal and vertical hunting motion of beidirectional when goods of furniture for display rather than for use 174 uses.Second goods of furniture for display rather than for use 174 can more generally be made by being different from the material of making bearing seat 171 or drawing strickle guide seat.Second goods of furniture for display rather than for use 174 can be made by for example tool steel or the hard or hardened material that can be used on steel in the bearing, and these materials can more generally be ground to than the precision of the common higher category of body of bogie side frame 151 and thinner other roughness of surface of level.Such material can be suitable for rolling touch running under high contact pressure, and is special when turning round with first goods of furniture for display rather than for use 173.When use had the insert of different materials, what this material may be than the cast iron of making bearing seat in addition or soft relatively steel costliness was many.In addition, when the insert with this specific character was worn based on predetermined rotation or the needs that produced, it can be disassembled or replace.
Fig. 4 a-4e
Shown in Fig. 4 a-4e, elastic component 156 general shape can be grooves, and it has the center or the back or laterally or web portion 181, and an a pair of left side and right arm, flank section 182,183.Alar part 182,183 can have downward and outwardly directed end, and described end can have the arc lower edge that for example can be placed on the bearing shell.The insied width of alar part 182,183 can closely be installed around the side of thrust block seat 180.The horizontal expansion lobes 185 of extending along the upper limb of web portion 181 can be packed in the fillet notch 184 between the end of the upper limb of thrust block seat 180 and drawing strickle guide seat 168.The inner transverse edge 186 of lobes 185 can be cut into the inclined-plane or be thrown off to hold and to press close to be installed on the end of drawing strickle guide seat 168.
It is desirable to, itself is maintained position in fixed in wheel set to the wobble component of bogie side frame interface tendency.As mentioned above, disclosed hereinly reverse separately that the bidirectional swinging device can have and the proportional swing rigidity of weight that is placed on this goods of furniture for display rather than for use.When using the longitudinal oscillation surface to allow from turning to, and the wheel weight that bogie truck stands to reduce (for example can near lift of wheel), when perhaps the compartment moves under the underloading situation, useful is to adopt the auxiliary fixed middle parts that recover, it can comprise that trend pushes bearing seat to respect to vertical centering position at drawing strickle guide top bias component, and recovery tendency of parts can be independent of the gravity that wheel bears in should be fixed.That is to say, when bearing seat bears less than fully loaded load or its when unloading, it is desirable to keep bias force the center.Above-mentioned elastic component 156 can work and finish this centering.
Fig. 3 c and 3d explanation are by (a) bearing seat, and for example bearing seat 154; (b) centering member, for example elastic component 156; And (c) spatial relationship of the sandwich structure that forms of drawing strickle guide fixing device thrust block seat 180.For purpose clearly, Fig. 3 c and 3d have omitted discharge orifice for example or have been used to show the auxiliary details of the dotted line of hiding parts.When elastic component 156 was placed into, bearing seat 154 (maybe can be 171) can be with respect to fixing device 180 centerings.Energy disperser (member 156) is when being mounted, and it can closely be installed around drawing strickle guide fixing device thrust block seat, and can press close to the bearing seat end wall and connect between the boundary at the bearing seat turning to install in small interference fit mode.Described energy disperser can be interposed between thrust block seat and the bearing seat and set up the interval relative position of thrust block seat and bearing seat, and the initial center location that cooperates tilting member can be provided and the recovery bias force is provided.Though bearing seat 154 can be still with respect to the bogie side frame swing, this swing can make the part distortion (typically, compression partly) of member 156, and, because member 156 has elasticity, it can push bearing seat 154 to center, no matter whether goods of furniture for display rather than for use bears weight.Elastic component 156 can have the application force-deflection characteristic of recovery in a longitudinal direction, this characteristic is basically than the rigidity of the application force deflection characteristic of the vertical goods of furniture for display rather than for use of fully loaded little (approximately little one to two order of magnitude), therefore, under the state in fully loaded compartment, member 156 may not can change the swing feature significantly.In an embodiment, member 156 can be about 6 by the yang type modulus size, and the polyurethane of 500p.s.i is made.In another embodiment, yang type modulus can be for about 13,000p.s.i.The yang type modulus of tartan can be in the scope of 4-20k.p.s.i.Can make goods of furniture for display rather than for use centering during installation when placing elastic component 156.In an embodiment, in the underloading compartment (for example, the unloading back) under the state, make the application force of one of them energy disperser deflection can be less than 20% of the application force that makes the corresponding size of goods of furniture for display rather than for use deflection, and for little deflection, the application force of one of them energy disperser deflection can be had can be less than suitable application force/deflection curve slope of 10% of the application force deflection feature of vertical goods of furniture for display rather than for use.
Fig. 5
First angle of wedge only has been discussed up to now.Fig. 5 shows the axonometric drawing such as grade of the end of truck bolster 210.With identical this illustrate with all truck bolsters of discussing, vertical perpendicular symmetry is (promptly along its center for bolster 210, usually with respect to bogie truck laterally) and stride cross section symmetry (that is, normally vertical symmetrical plane of bogie truck is consistent with the railway carriage longitudinal centerline) in vertically along it.Bolster 210 has a pair of isolated bolster running-on 212,214, and it is used to hold shock absorber wedge 216,218.Running-on 212 more generally is the horizontal inboard running-on 214 with respect to truck side frame.Scuff panel insert 220,222 is installed in the running-on 212,214 along angled wedge surface.
Can see that wedge 216,218 has the first jiao of α that measures between the angled summit dorsad 228 of vertical surface and lateral surface 230.For the embodiment in this discussion, first jiao of α can be positioned at the scope of 35 to 55 degree, also can be at about 40 to 50 degree.This same angular α is mated by the opposite face of bolster running-on 212 or 214.Second jiao of β provides (or outside) gradient of inboard on the inclined-plane 224 (or 226) of wedge 216 (or 218).Actual angle of slope can by observe and measure along described inclined-plane described inclined-plane and outside angle between the side plane 230 obtain.Described angle of slope equals the complementary angle of measured angle.Described angle of slope can tend to greater than 5 the degree, can 5 to 20 the degree scopes in, and be preferably about 10 to 15 the degree.Desirable is the angle of slope of appropriateness.
When the bogie truck suspension was worked in response to orbit perturbation, the shock absorber wedge can be worked in its running-on.Described gradient produces the component on the relative lateral surface that trend outwards is biased in the lateral surface 230 of outside wedge 218 bolster running-on 214.Similarly, the medial surface of wedge 216 can tend to be biased to the inner side plane of the inboard running-on 212 of bolster.These inboards of bolster running-on and lateral surface stud with and usually are denoted as 232 low friction face pad.The left side of described wedge and right side bias force can tend to described friction shim is kept separating with the sufficient moment arm spacing of generation expection, and stop shock absorber reversing in the running-on separately on the opposite planar wall by described friction shim is held against.
Bolster 210 is included in the belly board 234 between the running-on 212,214, and another spring 236 can be worked being pressed against on the described belly board.Belly board 234 can for example be used in the spring assembly with three (or more a plurality of) coil widths.Yet, no matter be to have two, three coil widths, still the width that has more a plurality of coils, and no matter be to adopt central platform or do not adopt central platform, the bolster running-on can all have as at first and second jiaos as shown in Fig. 5 the example embodiment, and it can have or not have the wearing and tearing insert.
When the central platform of for example platform 234 separated the situation of two shock absorber running-ons, relative bogie side frame post scuff panel is unnecessary to be all-in-one-piece.That is to say, two scuff panel zones can be provided, zone is inboard relative with outside shock absorber with each, thereby provides described shock absorber can support thereon plane.These regional normal vectors can be parallel to each other, and described surface can be coplanar and perpendicular to the major axis of bogie side frame, and can present to the friction face of shock absorber clearly, unbroken surface.
Fig. 1 e
Fig. 1 e shows the example that usually is denoted as 250 three-member type steering rack for train carriage.Bogie truck 250 has truck bolster 252 and a pair of bogie side frame 254.The spring assembly of bogie truck 250 is denoted as 256.Spring assembly 256 is to have three springs 258 (inboard spring) that the most closely are adjacent to bogie side frame post 254, the spring assembly of 260 (central spring) and 262 (outside spring).Have friction shock absorber 264,266 character the motion vibration damping, the kinetic energy consumable part is installed on each central spring 260.
Friction shock absorber 264,266 has the friction face 268 on basic plane, and described friction face regards to and is engaged in the mode of bogie side frame abrasion member and installs with plane earth, and described bogie side frame abrasion member has scuff panel 270 character that are installed on the bogie side frame post 254.Spring perch is formed on the bottom of shock absorber 264,266, or socket 272, packs in the described socket in the upper end of central spring 260.Shock absorber 264,266 has the 3rd, and it is inclined-plane or hypotenuse face 274, its be used for inclination bolster running-on 278 in inclined-plane 276 engage.The pressure of the spring 260 truck bolster end of bearing can tend to make shock absorber 264 or 266 carryings, owing to be such, so friction face 268 is biased the relative bearing surface to bogie side frame post 280.Bogie truck 250 also has wheel set, and the bearing installation of described wheel set is in the drawing strickle guide 284 of any end of bogie side frame 254.The bogie side frame that each drawing strickle guide can hold above-mentioned one or another is to the bearing seat interface module and can therefore measure from turning to.
In this embodiment, can to have static friction coefficient be μ to the vertical plane 268 of friction shock absorber 264
sAnd dynamic or dynamic friction coefficient is μ
kBearing surface, this can make described vertical plane when the wearing and tearing general work that leans against scuff panel 270, tend to represent seldom or do not represent " stick-slip " feature.In an embodiment, friction coefficient be in separately 10% in.In another embodiment, friction coefficient equates substantially and can essentially no stick-slip feature.In an embodiment, when dry status, friction coefficient can be in 0.10 to 0.45 scope, can be in 0.15 to 0.35 narrower range, and can be about 0.30.Friction shock absorber 264,266 can have the friction face coat, or adhesive pad 286, and described bonding coat has above-mentioned frictional behaviour, and corresponding at insertion parts and pad described in Fig. 6 a to 6c and Fig. 7 a to 7h.Adhesive pad 286 can be polymerization pad or coat.Low friction or controlled friction shim or coat 288 can use on the inclined-plane of shock absorber equally.In an embodiment, coat or pad 288 can have static state and the dynamic friction coefficient in 20%, perhaps ground in the close limit more, separately 10% in.In another embodiment, static equal substantially with dynamic friction coefficient.Dynamic friction coefficient can be in 0.10 to 0.30 scope, and can be about 0.20.
Fig. 6 a is to 6c
The body of shock absorber wedge self can be made by the common relatively material of for example mild steel or cast iron.Wedge can have the rubbed surface member that exists with shoe, wearing and tearing insert or other abrasion member forms, and it can be defined as consumable product.In Fig. 6 a, the shock absorber wedge usually is denoted as 300.Interchangeable friction improvement can consume abrasion member and be denoted as 302,304.Wedge and abrasion member can have the convex and the mechanically interconnected shape of spill of cooperation, for example are formed on first edged surface of wedge 300 and the cross groove 303 in the vertical plane, and it is used for cooperating with the cooresponding protruding cross shaped head of abrasion member 302,304.Skimming wear member 302 can be made by the material with specific frictional behaviour, and can be from the manufacturer of for example braking and clutch bushing and similar material, and for example railroad friction Products Co., Ltd (Railway FrictionProducts) obtains.Described material can comprise the material that is known as non-metal, low-friction material, and can comprise the UHMW poly-mer.
Have the consumed insert that scuff panel is abrasion member 302 and 304 character though Fig. 6 a and 6c show, whole bolster running-on can be made for interchangeable parts.The bolster running-on can be the high precision foundry goods, maybe can comprise the sinter powder metal assembly with suitable physical.So the parts that form can be welded in the position of bolster end subsequently.
The downside of said wedge 300 can typically have seat or socket 307, and it is used for combining with the top of spring coil, and no matter which spring it can be, shown spring 262 is typically representative.The expection approximate centre position under the wedge is left in the top skew that socket 307 is used for hindering spring.Be used for hindering base or the boss that the spring bottom transverse departs from and be illustrated in Fig. 1 e with part 308.It is pointed out that wedge 300 has first jiao, but do not have second angle of slope.On this one side, wedge 300 can use the shock absorber 264,266 into the bogie truck 250 of for example Fig. 1 e, and can provide seldom the friction damping that is with or without " stick-slip " feature, but more properly, static and dynamic friction coefficient equal or only differ the friction damping of very little (difference less than about 20%, may less than 10%).Wedge 300 can use in bogie truck 250 with the two-way bearing seat of any said embodiment.Wedge 300 can also use during four jiaos of vibration dampings in bogie truck 22 for example arrange, wherein can use does not have second jiao wedge.
Fig. 7 a is to 7e
To 7e, it shows shock absorber 310 with reference to figure 7a, and described shock absorber for example can use in bogie truck 22 or in said any other double-shock absorber bogie truck, described bogie truck can have the cooperation bolster running-on that for example suitably forms.Shock absorber 310 can at random be called right side shock absorber wedge.Fig. 7 a is defined as general to 7e, therefore be appreciated that the left side mirror image that cooperates shock absorber that it also represents to form with shock absorber 310 pairing.
In the alternative of Fig. 7 g, shock absorber wedge 332 is similar to shock absorber wedge 310, but, shock absorber wedge 332 can improve on the friction surface or controlled frictional behavior and the pad or the insert that engage with the bogie side frame post and have from the teeth outwards the pad or insert with the diagonal cut miter joint of bolster running-on except having to be used to provide, shock absorber wedge 332 can also have the pad or the insert of for example pad 334 on its side, combines with the side with the bolster running-on.In this, it is desirable to, pad 334 has low-friction coefficient and trend does not have the stick-slip feature.Friction material can be by cast-in-place or on-the-spot bonding, and can comprise for example mechanical interlock shown in Fig. 6 a, maybe can be used for the boss, groove, projection of identical purpose etc.Similarly, provide shock absorber wedge 336 in the alternative of Fig. 7 h, wherein, dip plane insert or pad and sidewall insert or pad form and are denoted as 338 continuous or all-in-one-piece parts.The material of described insert or pad also can be by cast-in-place, and can comprise mechanical interlock.
Fig. 8 a is to Fig. 8 f
Fig. 8 a shows the alternative bearing block assembly of the bearing block assembly of Fig. 3 a to Fig. 8 f.This assembly usually is denoted as 350, it can be different from the assembly of Fig. 3 a, difference is, bearing seat 344 can have upper surface 346, described upper surface can be the load support interface surface with service area, this surface can be basically the plane with level, so it can take on goods of furniture for display rather than for use 348 bottom mounted thereto.That goods of furniture for display rather than for use 348 can have top or swing surface 352, described surface has suitable configuration, for example has the composite curvature of horizontal and vertical radius of curvature, with the corresponding swing composition surface cooperation of drawing strickle guide seat pad cover 354.As mentioned above, under normal conditions, each of two swing mating surfaces can all have horizontal and vertical radius of curvature, so that have the horizontal protruding and recessed radius of cooperation and the vertical protruding and recessed radius of cooperation.In an embodiment, two recessed radiuses can be greatly, so that the drawing strickle guide seat can have the plane engagement surface, and drawing strickle guide seat pad cover can be the wearing and tearing lining or similarly install.
Goods of furniture for display rather than for use 348 can also have and is used for being installed on the upper surface 346 it and the lower surface 356 that cooperates with upper surface 346, and described lower surface also is used for load is delivered to upper surface 346 on big relatively face area, and goods of furniture for display rather than for use 348 can have suitable integral thickness, this thickness makes vertical load be diffused into goods of furniture for display rather than for use 348 from the rolling touch district and goes up (promptly in the big zone of installed platform thereon, surface 346, perhaps its part).Lower surface 356 can also comprise retainingf key, the flag member with suitable shape, and comprise centering feature 360, described retainingf key, flag member and described aligning parts 360 help respectively to install and help makes its centering again when goods of furniture for display rather than for use 348 being ordered about between on-stream period under the situation of leaving the center.Flag member 358 can also comprise positioning element, and it is used to prevent the improper location of goods of furniture for display rather than for use 348.Flag member 358 can be groove 362 with suitable shape with the upper surface 346 that is formed on bearing seat 344 on relative fritter 364 cooperate.If this is shaped as non-circular, it can tend to admit the only orientation of a permission.Described positioning element can form the aspect of groove 362 and fritter 364.Under the chordwise curvature radius of goods of furniture for display rather than for use 348 situation different with the longitudinal curvature radius, acceptable is two positions of the out-phase of 180 degree, and cannot accept other orientation.Can be used for this purpose though have the ellipse of different major axis and minor axis, but the shape of groove 362 and fritter 364 can be selected from many possible schemes, and it can have criss-cross and leg-of-mutton shape, perhaps can comprise the more than one protruding features in the unsymmetric form for example.Described aligning parts can be respectively formed in the taper or bevelled side 368 and 370 of groove 362 and fritter 364, because, after in case side 368 and 370 is positioned, side 368 and 370 begins the other side's work against each other, and the vertical application force that acts on downwards on the described interface can order about described parts self centering.
Goods of furniture for display rather than for use 348 has the outward flange 372 that forms coverage zone.Elastic component 374 can be considered to elastic component 156 is identical as mentioned above, except, elastic component 374 can have sagging end, it is placed on around the thrust block seat of drawing strickle guide fixing device, with and can have horizontal-extending portion 376 significantly, it is stacked on the substantial part of cardinal principle upper area smooth or level of bearing seat 344.That is to say, the external zone on the surface 346 of bearing seat 344 is general planar often, and described external zone can be forced to relative, the prone surperficial separated relation that keeps with the drawing strickle guide seat because of the gross thickness of goods of furniture for display rather than for use 348, described prone surface can be the exposed surface of the wearing and tearing lining of part 354 or part 168 for example, perhaps can be the exposed surface of other suitable components.Part 376 has the thickness that is suitable for being placed in the formed gap, and it is thinner not interfere the work of goods of furniture for display rather than for use than mean gap height.Horizontal-extending portion 376 can have the shape in skirt section, and it can comprise a for example a pair of left side and right arm or the wing 378 and 380, and the described arm or the wing have when the profile for the profile of the part at edge 372 is surrounded when planar view is observed.Elastic component 374 has the groove 382 that is formed in the interior edge.Have the outward extending projection that is similar to part 164, the situation of tip at goods of furniture for display rather than for use 348, groove 382 can play the function of mark or location feature.The rough relatively joint of goods of furniture for display rather than for use 348 can make the wing 378 and 380 that goods of furniture for display rather than for use 348 is pushed to respect to bearing seat 344 position of centering roughly.This rough centering can make groove 362 be engaged on the fritter 364, so that goods of furniture for display rather than for use 348 is shifted onto the centering position of expection subsequently by accurate aligning parts, promptly prism 368,370.The root of part 376 can discharge to prevent elastic component 372,374 interference in this position from the radius 384 that is adjacent to surface 346 and the binding site of bearing seat 348 end walls.
Under the situation that does not increase multiple accompanying drawing, should be noted that, goods of furniture for display rather than for use 348 can selectively be squeezed in the accommodation section that is formed on the drawing strickle guide top to pack into, its flat surface is to described drawing strickle guide top, and the swing surface is towards the bearing seat that cooperates, no matter described bearing seat is bearing seat 44 or other bearing seat.
Fig. 9 a and Fig. 9 b
Fig. 9 a shows the alternative means of the device of Fig. 3 a or Fig. 8 a.Be denoted as 400 wheel set to the bogie side frame interface module Fig. 9 a general, bearing seat 404 can be similar to bearing seat 344 substantially, and can have upper surface 406 and goods of furniture for display rather than for use 408, their interactional modes are identical (perhaps with surface 346 interactional modes with goods of furniture for display rather than for use 348, in inverted situation, the goods of furniture for display rather than for use drawing strickle guide top of can packing into, and bearing seat can have the right upward swing surface of cooperation).Described goods of furniture for display rather than for use can with drawing strickle guide base member 410 mutual actions, described drawing strickle guide base member can be the wearing and tearing lining in the drawing strickle guide top of packing into.The body of goods of furniture for display rather than for use 408 and bearing seat 404 can have at Fig. 8 a to the flag member that cooperates described in the 8e.
Assembly 400 is not to have for example two elastic components of part 374, but has single elastic component 412, it for example can be all-in-one-piece cast material, and described cast material can be that polyurethane or for example be used to is made the suitable rubbers of LC pad or Pennsy pad or as the material of rubber.The LC pad is the neoprene bearing seat cushion that can obtain from the Lord Corporation company of Erie Pennsylvania.The example of LC pad can be denoted as standard wagon bogies component part NO. SCT 5578.In this case, elastic component 412 has first and second ends 414,416, and they are interposed between the end 418 and 420 of the thrust block seat of drawing strickle guide fixing device and bearing seat.Can there be a spot of undersize end 414,416, in case so that the top lining puts in place, they can may slip into suitable position in the interference fit mode of appropriateness vertically on thrust block seat.Bearing seat can slip into suitable position thereafter, and goods of furniture for display rather than for use 408 with the mode band of small interference fit slides into the position together equally.
Elastic component 412 can also have center or the pars intermedia 422 that extends between end 414,416.Pars intermedia 422 can extend internally to approximate horizontal on the substantial part with the upper surface that is stacked in bearing seat 404.Elastic component 412 can have the accommodation section 424 that is formed on wherein, no matter the described accommodation section has the hole or the character of through hole, its circumference with suitable dimension is to hold goods of furniture for display rather than for use 408 and therefore to allow goods of furniture for display rather than for use 408 to extend through member 412 at least in part to engage with the cooperation goods of furniture for display rather than for use of drawing strickle guide seat.The circumference of accommodation section 422 can match with the shape at the coverage zone of mode described in Fig. 8 a to 8e and goods of furniture for display rather than for use 408, thereby helps to install and help the location of goods of furniture for display rather than for use 408 on bearing seat 404.In an embodiment, elastic component 412 can form with the style of Pennsy pad, and has the suitable centre hole that is formed on wherein.
Fig. 9 b shows the installation of Pennsy pad.In this was installed, bearing seat was denoted as 430, and for example can be that the neoprene member of Pennsy pad is denoted as 432.When installing, member 432 is installed between drawing strickle guide top and the bearing seat.Term " Penny pad " or " Penny inserts pad " (Penny Adapter Plus) refer to a kind of neoprene by the Pennsy Corporation exploitation of Westchester Pa.A case history of this pad is issued in the US Patent 5,562,045 on October 6th, 1996 (and it is incorporated herein by reference) in people such as Rudibaugh.Fig. 9 b can comprise with 5,562, explanation and the patent described are identical in essence or similarly fill up 432 and bearing seat 430 in 045 patent.The Pennsy pad can allow the passive measurement that turns to.The installation of the Pennsy pad of Fig. 9 b can combine in the bogie side frame that is installed in Fig. 1 a with four jiaos of damper means in being indicated in Fig. 1 a to 1d.In this embodiment, described bogie truck can be the Barber S2HD bogie truck that is modified to carry damper means, for example be four jiaos of damper means, for example when the non-square distortion of facing bogie truck, can have the recovery tendency of enhancing, have the shock absorber that can comprise above-mentioned friction surface.
Figure 10 a to 10e
Figure 10 a shows the wheel set of Fig. 3 a or Fig. 8 a another alternative to the bogie side frame interface module.In this example, bearing seat 444 can have the goods of furniture for display rather than for use that the swing surface maybe can have bearing seat 344 forms of going up of any above-mentioned profile.
The bottom surface of bearing seat 444 can not only have middle trough or the notch 446 that circumferentially extends, it has the summit on the lateral symmetry plane that is positioned at bearing seat 444, but also has the bottom surface notch 448 of horizontal expansion, this notch is parallel to the longitudinal axis of wheel countershaft of underlying and bearing axis (promptly, axial direction) extends, so that the bottom surface of bearing seat 444 has four jiaos of platforms or base 450 with arranged in arrays, it is used to be installed in the shell of bearing.In this example, each platform or base can be formed on the curved surface, and this curved surface has the consistent radius of swivel with for example bearing shell.Notch 448 can extend along the arc summit of bearing seat 444 bottom surfaces, and notch 446 and 448 intersects.Notch 448 can be relatively shallow, and can gently screw in around bearing seat in.The body of bearing seat 444 more or less not only about its longitudinal center's perpendicular symmetry (for example, when mounted, if this plane does not conform to the vertically vertical centre plane of bogie side frame, its perpendicular to and be parallel to the vertically vertically centre plane of bogie side frame), but also (for example about its transverse center plane, when mounted, this plane is vertically radially extended by the line of centers of bearing S. A. and wheel countershaft) symmetry.It is pointed out that axial notch 448 can tend to be placed on the cross section of smallest cross-section area of bearing seat 444.Viewpoint from the inventor, notch 446 and 448 can tend to will via the load that described goods of furniture for display rather than for use bears cut apart go up with the big zone that expands to the bearing shell and thereby compare with other situation, its can be more equably with distribution of load in bearing sub-assembly.This is considered to prolong the life-span of bearing.
In general situation, bearing seat 444 can have upper surface that convexity is arranged allowing from turning to, or bearing seat 444 can be formed can hold neoprene pad for example turn to device certainly, described neoprene pad for example is Pennsy pad or other pads.If use the swing surface, no matter be that it is by the mode of releasable insert or disk or by being integrally formed in the mode in the bearing seat body, the contact position in the position of packing into of goods of furniture for display rather than for use directly be positioned at bearing seat the center above, and thereby be located at the top of the point of crossing of the axial and circumferential notch in the bottom surface of bearing seat 444.
Figure 11 a to 11f
Figure 11 a to 11f shows the diagrammatic sketch that is inserted into bearing seat 452, drawing strickle guide seat insert 454 and neoprene shock absorber pad member 456 between bearing 46 and the bogie side frame 26 as assembly.Bearing seat 452 and pad member 456 usually are similar to bearing seat 171 and member 156 respectively.Its difference is that bearing seat 452 has the thrust block seat balance component 460,462 that is positioned at its each end, and the inferior horn of shock absorber 456 is correspondingly by brachymemma.To the skew in a certain scope, elastomeric response expectation can and can be enough to allow a high proportion of drive ability.Yet the skew that exceeds this deviation range can tend to cause to the damage of pad member 456 or to the shortening in its life-span.Balance component 460,462 can play the work of restriction slipper in order to limit the motion of above-mentioned scope.Balance component 460,462 can more generally have the shape of shelf or pillar or slipper 466,468, and it is installed to and the turning that is positioned at bearing seat 452 projectedly connects on the face of laterally inwardly facing of boundary portion 470,472.Slipper 466,468 is positioned at after installation below the toe 474,476 of member 456.Be noted that toe 474,476 compares with the toe of member 356, the outward appearance with brachymemma is not to contact with slipper 466,468 when mounted.Under static centering situation, slipper 466,468 can tend to leave a certain clearance distance of drawing strickle guide fixing device thrust block seat.When the elastomeric transversal displacement of member 456 reached above-mentioned clearance distance, thrust block seat can tend to base abuts slipper 466 or 468, depends on the circumstances.The protection width of slipper 466,468 (that is, the distance that its inner face that meets boundary portion 470,472 from the turning protrudes) can tend to for the wing 474,477 is provided with the standby pressure zone, and can thereby trend prevent that the wing 474,477 from exceedingly being pushed or shrink.Drawing strickle guide seat insert 454 can usually be similar to lining 354, but can include the salient 480,482 of fillet, and thicker central part 484.Bearing seat 452 can comprise the bidirectional swinging portion 486 at center, and it is used for combining with the swing surface engagement of facing the downwards swing of central part 484.Described mating surfaces can meet with any combination of said bidirectional swinging radius.Swing part 486 can be at flank 488,480 places of longitudinal extension by angle cam trimming to hold salient 480,482.
Bearing seat 452 can also have different bottom surface grooves 492, it comes down to bevelled lobate recess, groove or the groove 494,496 of a pair of horizontal expansion that is separated by center bridge zone 498, and described center bridge zone has dark cross section and is tapered to the flank of groove 494,496.Groove 494,496 can have major axis, and it is with respect to bearing seat self horizontal expansion, but after being mounted, described major axis extends axially with respect to the S. A. of underlying bearing.Lacking of the material of groove 494,496 can tend to stay the coverage zone of H shape substantially on peripheral surface 500, described peripheral surface is installed on the outside of bearing 46, wherein, the two side areas of H shape or shank form platform or base 502,504, described platform or base are by narrow relatively waist, and promptly bridge zone 498 connects.Meet with regard to the bottom face of bearing seat 452 and the arc profile phase that for example can hold the bearing seat shell, groove 494,496 can tend to extending between the base of either side or platform along the summit of profile.Therefore this configuration can tend to swing the rolling touch point load and propagate to base 502,504 and propagate and give bearing 46.Bearing life can be the function of the peak load in the roller.By leaving the space between the top center of the bottom surface of bearing seat and the bearing shell on the bearing race, groove 494,496 can tend to prevent that vertical load from being passed in the mode of significantly concentrating on the top roller in the bearing.Instead, can advantageously will propagate between several rollers of load in each seat ring.This can realize by using separated base or platform, for example be placed in the base 502,504 on the bearing shell.Center bridge zone 498 can be installed on no seat ring under the bearing shell that part of, rather than is directly installed on one of them seat ring.The effect of the circumferential concatenator in center or compression element, middle bearing bracket end arch 506,508 can be played in bridge zone 498, and it can tend to hinder base 502,504 and relative to each other outwards launch or separate when applying vertical load.
Figure 12 a to 12d
Figure 12 a to 12d shows the alternative assembly of the assembly of Figure 11 a, its general terrestrial reference be shown 510 and the bogie side frame 512 of packing in.Bearing 46 can be identical with aforesaid bearing and bearing seat with bearing seat 452.Assembly 510 can comprise top tilting member and the elastic component 516 that is denoted as drawing strickle guide seat member 514.Bogie side frame 512 can be that drawing strickle guide seat member 514 has the integral thickness t bigger than other situations so that go up tilting member
sThis thickness t
sCan be greater than the width W of drawing strickle guide seat member
s10% of size, and can be about 20 (+/-5) % of described width.In an embodiment, described thickness can be roughly the same with the thickness of " the LC pad " that obtain from Lord company.This thickness can be greater than 7/16 ", and this thickness can be 1 inch (+/-1/8 ").Drawing strickle guide seat member 514 can tend to have bigger thickness to strengthen the diffusion of swing contact load in bogie side frame 512.This can for example can be made to hold the LC pad before it also as the part of modifying device in the bogie side frame.
Drawing strickle guide seat member 514 can have the body 518 of substantitally planar, and described body has resupinate side margins 520, and described side margins supports and be installed on with centering on the lower edge of side frame guide top member 522.Main of the upper surface of body 518 can tend to cooperate contiguously with the prone surface plane of top member 522.Seat member 514 can have the end 524 of stretching out, and extend from main, the planar portions end wise of body 518 this end.End 524 can comprise more deep protrusion 526, and it is protruded downwards by both wings 528,530.The degree of depth of protrusion 526 can be consistent with total integral thickness degree of depth of member 514.The bottom of member 518, the surface that faces down (during installation) can form with the upper surface of bearing seat and cooperate, thereby obtain to have the bidirectional swinging interface that said protruding and recessed pendulum radius makes up.In an embodiment, described recessed swing surface can be the plane.
If setter is attempted under the situation that at first 512 of drawing strickle guide seat members is not placed into correct position bearing seat 452 is installed in the bogie side frame 512, the height of wedge angle 548,550 is enough to stop the swing surface of bearing seat 452 to engage with bogie side frame top member 522.That is to say that when wedge angle 548,550 contacted with slipper 466,468, the treble height of the convex surface on the swing surface 522 of bearing seat was less than the height of wedge angle 548,550 ends.Yet, when drawing strickle guide seat member 512 correctly is put into, extension 526 between the wing 536,538 and the wing 536,538 be locked in wedge angle 548,550 above.Like this, elastic component 514, particularly wedge angle 548,550 play the effect that installation error detection part or damage prevent parts.
The step of installing can comprise the steps, promptly dismantle the existing bearing seat, dismantle for example existing neoprene pad of LC pad, drawing strickle guide base member 514 is installed so that it engages with top 522, elastic component 514 is installed in the top of each thrust block seat 546 and plain bearing housing 452 between cushion member 514.Cushion member 514 is used for other positioning parts on the assembly subsequently these parts being remained on the position of work, and provides the centering bias force for the goods of furniture for display rather than for use that cooperates as mentioned above.
Figure 13 a to 13g
Figure 13 a to 13g shows 146 pairs of alternative bearing seat 144 and drawing strickle guide seats.Except bearing seat 44 has abundant curved upper surface 142 and bearing seat 144 has the straight central part 148 between the sidepiece 149 that raises a little, bearing seat 144 is identical with bearing seat 44 basically.Protruding support facial 147 is centrally located on the straight central part 148 and extends upward from here.The same with bearing seat 44, bearing seat 144 has first and second radius r that are respectively formed on the vertical and horizontal direction
1And r
2, so that the formed surface that raises up is an annular surface.Drawing strickle guide seat 146 is similar with drawing strickle guide base member 38 basically.Drawing strickle guide seat 146 has body, and described body has upper surface 145, and described top surface plane is installed on the prone surface at drawing strickle guide top 120 adjacent to each other, and upwardly extending tip 124, described tip such as the above-mentioned lug 122 that is engaged in.In general sense, recessed engaged fit portion, just form present 145 following in medium altitude groove, be formed on the vertical and horizontal radius R as mentioned above
1And R
2On, when equating, these two radiuses form spherical surface 143, obtain the circular flat figure of Figure 13 a.Figure 13 f and 13g are used to show that protruding and recessed surface can be inverted, so that recessed composition surface 560 is formed on the bearing seat 562, and umbo closes surface 544 and forms on present 566.
Figure 14 a to 14e
Figure 14 a to 14e shows the enlarged view of bearing seat 44 and drawing strickle guide base member 38.Complex curve towards last surface 142 fully extends to terminate in the side 570 of end face 134 and bearing seat 44.Described side shows the downward following mural margin 572 of bow circularly around the side 570 that bearing 46 is installed.Aspect all other, for purposes of illustration, it is identical with bearing seat 144 that bearing seat 44 can be thought.
Figure 15 a to 15c
Figure 15 a to 15c shows the bearing seat of the conceptive Figure 13 of being similar to a to 13g and the bearing seat and the combination of drawing strickle guide seat of drawing strickle guide seat combination, but it does not have by remainder of bearing seat and protrudes the interface portion that forms, and protuberance 574 is recessed in the top of bearing seat and surface 576 on every side is protruding.The recess 578 that cooperates surrounding structure from the drawing strickle guide seat when keeping its hollow shape protrudes so that corresponding mating surfaces to be provided.The dotted line of longitudinal extension indicates the discharge port that is used to prevent ponding.
Figure 16 a to 16e
Two recessed radius Rs
1And R
1Needn't be on same parts, and two convexity radius r
1And r
1Needn't be on same parts.In the saddle member of Figure 16 a to 16e, bearing seat 580 has and bearing seat 44 and 144 substantially the same structures, difference is, bearing seat 580 has upper surface 592, described upper surface has male part, it comes down to have the longitudinal extension convex surface 582 of horizontal expansion turning cylinder, and the radius of curvature of this convex surface is r
1, and described upper surface has female part, and it comes down to have chordwise curvature radius R
2The groove 584 of longitudinal extension.Similarly, be installed in drawing strickle guide parts 586 in the top 120 have substantially downwards towards surface 594, it is R that described surface has machine-direction oriented radius of curvature
1Horizontal expansion groove 588 with the r of convex surface 582
1Engage, and to have chordwise curvature radius be r
2Longitudinal extension, downwards outstanding convex surface 590 with the R of groove 584
2Engage.In Figure 16 f and 16g, the saddle surface is squeezed so that bearing seat 580 has r
1And R
2, and bearing seat 596 has r
2And R
1Similarly, drawing strickle guide parts 586 have r
2And R
1, and drawing strickle guide parts 598 have r
1And R
2In arbitrary situation, R
1And R
2Minimum value can be more than or equal to r
1And r
2Maxim, and in the range of movement of expection, the relative saddle surface of cooperation can tend to as bearing seat 44 and 144 to be separated with reversing.
Figure 17 a to 17d
What expect is that the vertical application force that is sent to bearing seat from the drawing strickle guide top should contact transmission rather than bidirectional rolling or the contact of swing point by line.Drawing strickle guide seat to bearing seat interface module with line contact swing interface is represented to 17d by Figure 17 a.Bearing seat 600 has the column upper surface 602 of hollow, and it plays and is formed on radius R
1On the effect of recessed engaged fit portion.Surface 602 can be that circular cylindrical shape section or its can be parabola or other column sections.
Corresponding drawing strickle guide base member 604 can have the female part or the groove 606 of longitudinal extension, and described female part or groove have the radius r of being formed on
1On cylinder surface 608.Equally, parts 604 are column, and can be the circular cylindrical shape sections, though it can be parabola, ellipse or some other shape that produce hunting motion.Be interposed between bearing seat 600 and the drawing strickle guide seat 604 is goods of furniture for display rather than for use 610.Goods of furniture for display rather than for use 610 has first or bottom 612, and it has the radius r of being formed on
1On outstanding projection shape swing surface 614 be engaged in contiguously with linearity and be formed on radius R
1On the surface 602 of bearing seat 600, r
1Less than R
1, and thereby allow longitudinal oscillation passive from turning to obtain.As mentioned above, swing and after this can to tend to the weight of bearing with goods of furniture for display rather than for use from the resistance that turns to proportional, and when compartment zero load or load, produce and proportionally turn to certainly.Bottom 612 also has low groove 616, and it can be machined as high-flatness.Low groove 612 also has centralized positioning, the integrally formed column protrusion 618 that extends upward, and it is vertically from surperficial 616 projectioies.Lining 620, it can be the press-fit lining, is installed on the protrusion 618.
Goods of furniture for display rather than for use 600 also has top 622, and it has the radius r of being formed on
2On second projection projection shape swing surface 624 be engaged in contiguously with linearity and be formed on radius R
2On the cylinder surface 608 of groove 606, thereby allow bogie side frame 26 to carry out teeter.Top 622 has low groove 626, and it is placed with respect to groove 606.Top 622 has the blind hole 628 of centralized positioning, its have with the size of lining 620 close fit engagement with obtain high tolerance, around being connected that axle pivots, thereby make top 622 with respect to bottom 612 around vertically or the pivoting action of z axle have good conformability.That is to say, very little around the resistance of the twisting motion of z axle, and can think zero for the purpose of analyzing.For this reason, bearing surface 630 can be installed and be placed between opposite face 606 and 616 to impel relatively rotating therebetween around protrusion 618 and lining 620.
In this embodiment, protrusion 618 can be formed in the top 622, and hole 618 can be formed in the bottom 612, perhaps selectively, hole 628 can be formed on top 612 and bottom 622 among both, and the protrusion 618 of free floating and lining 620 can be locked between the described upper and lower.Should be noted that top 622 can be quite little with respect to the angular transposition that bottom 612 centers on the z axle, be approximately 1 degree, and can often tend to even not have so big angle.
Bearing seat 600 can have the horizontal in abutting connection with sidewall 632 of longitudinal extension projection, and it stops the side travel of bottom 612 and leaves.Bottom 612 can have no rough surface, have the lateral wearing washer seat member 634 of low-friction coefficient relatively, and it is interposed between the end face and sidewall 632 of bottom 612.Bearing seat 600 can also have be formed on wherein can the center or the discharge orifice that is obliquely installed.Similarly, drawing strickle guide base member 604 can have the sagging end abutment wall 636 of horizontal expansion, and it stops moving longitudinally or leaving of top 622.Similar with the mode of washer seat member 634, no rough surface, the end wear washer seat member 638 with relative low-friction coefficient can be installed between the end face and end abutment wall 636 on top 622.
In the alternative of the foregoing description, vertically cylindrical slot can be formed on the bearing seat, and laterally cylindrical slot can be formed in the drawing strickle guide seat, and the goods of furniture for display rather than for use that is held correspondingly changes.In addition, protruding cylindrical portion needn't be the part of clamping goods of furniture for display rather than for use.On the contrary, one of them of described protuberance can be on bearing seat, and another described protuberance can be on the drawing strickle guide seat, and corresponding recess is formed on the goods of furniture for display rather than for use of clamping.In another alternative, goods of furniture for display rather than for use can comprise a male member and a female member, is formed on r
1(or r
2) on described male member be positioned on the bearing seat, and be formed on R
1(or R
2) on described female member be positioned at below the clamping goods of furniture for display rather than for use on, and be formed on r
2(or r
1) on described male member be formed on the upper surface of clamping goods of furniture for display rather than for use, and be formed on R
2(or R
1) on corresponding cooperation female member be formed on the lower surface of drawing strickle guide seat.In another alternative, the swing framework can comprise a male member and a female member, is formed on r
1(or r
2) on described male member be positioned on the drawing strickle guide seat, and be formed on R
1(or R
2) on described female member be positioned on the upper surface of clamping goods of furniture for display rather than for use, and be formed on r
2(or r
1) on described male member be formed on the lower surface of clamping goods of furniture for display rather than for use, and be formed on R
2(or R
1) on corresponding cooperation female member be formed on the upper surface of bearing seat.On this one side, there are at least eight combinations, described being combined among Figure 17 e by assembly 601,603,605,607,611,613,615 and 617 expressions.
The embodiment of Figure 17 a to Figure 17 d can tend to produce the line contact at the interface in force transmission, and in the swing of vertical and horizontal both direction, has the flexibility of reversing around vertical axes.That is to say that bearing seat to drawing strickle guide seated connection mouth assembly can tend to allow to center on the rotation of longitudinal axis to produce the teeter campaign of bogie side frame; Rotate to produce the longitudinal oscillation campaign around axis of pitch; Has torsional compliance around vertical axes.Can tend to stop side travel, and trend keeps the high rigidity of in the vertical direction.
Figure 18 a and 18b
The embodiment of Figure 18 a and 18b is substantially similar to the embodiment of Figure 17 a to 17d.Yet goods of furniture for display rather than for use 644 is not for example to adopt that the pivot of described hole, protrusion, lining and the bearing surface of Figure 17 a to 17d is connected, but it is between bearing seat 600 and drawing strickle guide seat 604.Goods of furniture for display rather than for use 644 has the twisting flexible member of being made by elastomeric material, its be denoted as neoprene member 646 and be bonded in the top 647 of goods of furniture for display rather than for use 644 and the opposite face of bottom 645 between.Though Figure 18 a and 18b show horizontal expansion groove in the bearing seat 600 and the longitudinal extension groove in the drawing strickle guide seat 604, can make the same arrangement among Figure 17 e.Generally speaking, when reverse component separates the mode of two cylindrical components when therebetween with trend with reversing, the neoprene pad is unnecessary to be installed between described two cylindrical components.For example, goods of furniture for display rather than for use 644 can be solid, and neoprene can be installed in bearing seat 600 upper surface following or drawing strickle guide seat member above so that reverse flexible member and described two goods of furniture for display rather than for uses put together continuously.
Can connect the described pivot of the example of Figure 17 a to 17d and do the explanation of same summary.That is, the top of bearing seat can more generally be pivoted on the body of bearing seat, or the drawing strickle guide seat can pivot and be mounted on the drawing strickle guide top, so that reverse flexible member and two goods of furniture for display rather than for uses are placed continuously.Yet as mentioned above, reversing flexible member can be between two goods of furniture for display rather than for use, separated from one another so that described two goods of furniture for display rather than for uses can tend to be reversed ground.Generally speaking, embodiment for Figure 17 a to 17d and 18a to 18b, if the radius that adopts produces the local physics appropriate combination of stablizing the minimal energy state of trend, bearing seat to the protuberance (having less radius of curvature) of drawing strickle guide seated connection mouth can be on the bearing seat or on the drawing strickle guide seat so, and the recess (having than larger radius of curvature) that cooperates can be on other parts, no matter which these parts are.Thus, though specific explanation can show protuberance on the bearing seat and the female part on the drawing strickle guide seat, generally speaking, these parts generally can be inverted.
Figure 19 a to 19c, 20a to 20c and 21a to 21g
Figure 19 a to 19c shows the combination of bearing seat 650, neoprene bearing seat cushion 652, goods of furniture for display rather than for use 654 and drawing strickle guide seat 656, to allow the bogie side frame teeter.Being illustrated in bearing seat 650 in three additional views of Figure 20 a to 20c is engaged at it and is substantially similar to bearing seat 44 (or 144) aspect geometric properties of bearing, but bearing seat 650 is that with bearing seat 44 differences bearing seat 650 has surface traditionally more or less.Upper surface 658 can be flat, can have maybe that big (about 60 ") radius convex surface 660, it for example can be used for engaging with the plane surface of drawing strickle guide seat.Convex surface 660 is separated into two longitudinal parts of the central flat portion that has horizontal expansion therebetween.As the side of described central flat portion, bearing seat 650 has a pair of horizontal protrusion, towards outer sidepiece platform 662 and 664, and has the sidepiece lug 666 that further extends beyond platform 662 and 664 among described platform.
Bearing seat cushion 652 can be the assembly that can obtain from market, for example can be the assembly of standard wagon bogies component part NO. SCT 5844 that is that Lord Corporation by EriePennsylvania makes or signable.Bearing seat cushion 652 has the bearing seat engagement member, and it is essentially lower panel 668, is installed on the convex surface 660 with non-swing juncture thereby the lower surface of this lower panel 670 is separated.Safe positioning tab that one row is curved down or pin or lug boss stop the horizontal and vertical of bearing seat cushion 652 to move, described safe positioning tab is essentially marking element or tip 672, it is orientated each side as and has double-type two described tips, the mode support ledge 666 that it extends downwards and engages with close installation.The holding state of lug 666 stops the longitudinal movement between bearing seat cushion 652 and the bearing seat 650.The horizontal inner face of tip 672 is close to the horizontal right to the outside surface of platform 662 and 664, and therefore trend stops the horizontal relative motion of bearing seat cushion 652 with respect to bearing seat 650.Bearing seat 650 vertical, horizontal and vertical positions can be considered to fix.
Bearing seat cushion 652 can also have upper board 674, and it can be used as the drawing strickle guide seated connection and close member under the situation of improving installation goods of furniture for display rather than for use 654 and seat 656.Under any circumstance, upper board 674 has the general shape of longitudinal extension groove member, that it has a center or rear portion 676 and upwardly extending left side and leg portion 678,680, and described left side and leg portion are adjacent to the side margins at rear portion 676.Shank 678 for example can have and to be fit to the size and dimension of direct mount to the side frame guide.
Between lower panel 668 and upper board 674, bearing seat cushion 652 has bonding elastic interlayer structure 680, described sandwich structure can comprise first elastic layer that is denoted as bottom synthetic rubber layer 683, its direct mount is to the upper surface of lower panel 668, bonding or be pressed into layer 682 upper surface in the middle of strengthen shear plate 684, and the top elastic layer, it is denoted as the top synthetic rubber layer 686 that is bonded on the plate 684.Layer 686 upper surface can be bonding or be overmolded to the lower surface of upper board 674.Can be very thin if the thickness of described elastic layer is compared with length with its width, described synthetic sandwich structure can tend to have the vertical rigidity than higher, have around vertically (x) and laterally (x) higher resistance of ratio that reverses, has the lower resistance that reverses around vertical (z) axle, and has a bigger general shearing resistance that equates on x or y direction, described shearing resistance can be 20,000 to 40, in 000 pound/inch the scope, perhaps for the less scope that departs from narrowlyer in about 30,000 pounds/inch scope.Bearing seat cushion 652 can tend to permit obtaining from the measurement that turns to when described neoprene member bears the longitudinal shear application force.
Goods of furniture for display rather than for use 654 (seeing other view 21e, 21f and 21g) has body, described body has the cross section of substantial constant, described cross section has lower surface 690, thereby its formation is installed in juncture smooth, that do not have swing basically on the upper surface of plate 674 of bearing seat cushion 652, and has the upper surface 692 that limits protruding swing surface.Upper surface 692 can have the central part 694 of the continuous one-tenth fillet between contiguous tangent line portion 696, and described contiguous tangent line portion has constant inclination angle.In an embodiment, described central part can extend the radian of 4 to 6 degree to its any side, and can be about 4 in an embodiment
1/
2To 5 degree.In the term of above use, described radius of rounding is " r
2", the convexity radius of promptly permitting bogie side frame 26 teeters.When the bearing seat with convex surface radius be installed in the bearing seat cushion below the time, the radius of goods of furniture for display rather than for use 654 is less than described convex surface radius, approximately less than half of described convex surface radius, and can be less than 1/3 of described convex surface radius.Goods of furniture for display rather than for use can be formed on size on the radius between 5 and 20 inches, or close limit ground more, is formed on big or small on the radius between 8 and 15 inches.The surface 692 can also be formed on parabolic profile, ellipse or the hyp profile, or on other the profile with the generation teeter.
Drawing strickle guide seat 656 (seeing Figure 21 a to 21d) has body, and described body has main portion 700, and the planar view of described main portion is the shape of rectangle basically.When an end was along the longitudinal direction watched, drawing strickle guide seat 656 had the substantially cross-sectional plane of groove shape, and wherein, main portion 700 is formed with the arm 704,706 of back 702 and two longitudinal extensions, and described arm from the lateral edges of main portion 700 upwards and laterally stretch out.Arm 704 and 706 has in-to-in or adjacent portion 708, and its lateral edges from main portion 700 makes progress at an angle and stretches out, and exterior or distal portion or toe 710, and its end from adjacent portion 708 extends along vertical substantially direction.The width of (that is, relatively toe between) is equivalent to the width at side frame guide top 712 between the relative fingers of described slot cross-section, and arm 704 and 706 closely cooperates, support engages is in described side frame guide top, shown in the cross-sectional plane of Figure 19 b.Arm 704 and 706 has otch, groove, notch or the marker characteristic of longitudinal center location, is denoted as notch 714.Notch 714 is installed (Figure 19 b) in the mode of close fit engagement around T shape lug 716, and described lug is welded on the either side at the drawing strickle guide top on the bogie side frame.This joint has been established the horizontal and vertical position of drawing strickle guide seat 657 with respect to bogie side frame 26.
Drawing strickle guide seat 656 also has four laterally projecting turning lugs or bonded block 718, and the horizontal expansion end face that turns over shank 678 on the upper board 674 of its surface of vertically inwardly facing and bearing seat cushion 652 is relative.That is to say that the turning bonded block 718 on each side of drawing strickle guide seat 656 is to turn over the end of shank 678 on the mode backup bearing seat cushion 652 of close fit engagement.This concerns that fixedly drawing strickle guide seat 656 is with respect to the lengthwise position of the upper board of bearing seat cushion 652.
Main 700 of drawing strickle guide seat 656 has the surface of facing 700 downwards, and it is processed to hollow to form recess, and described recess limits recessed swing composition surface 702.This surface is formed on the big a lot of recessed radius of radius of the central part 694 (Figure 21 f) than goods of furniture for display rather than for use 654, and (term according to above use is denoted as R
2) on, contact and allow bogie side frame 26 to close and tie up to teeter on the goods of furniture for display rather than for use 654 so that goods of furniture for display rather than for use 654 and drawing strickle guide seat 656 contact the mode that engages with rolling wire with teeter.The arcuate profile of recessed swing composition surface 702 can be impelled the horizontal automatic centering of goods of furniture for display rather than for use 654, and it can have from the central area radius of curvature that changes to adjacent domain, and described adjacent domain can be the tangential plane zone.When drawing strickle guide seat 656 and goods of furniture for display rather than for use 654 were mounted on the bearing seat with convex surface radius by improvement, the radius of curvature of drawing strickle guide seat can tend to be less than or equal to described convex surface radius.The curvature of centre radius R on surface 702
2Or general radius of curvature (if constant) can be in 6 to 60 inches scope, is preferably more than 10 inches and less than 40 inches.Its size can be at the radius of curvature r of goods of furniture for display rather than for use
211/10 to 4 times between.As mentioned above, the drawing strickle guide seat must not have recessed swing surface and goods of furniture for display rather than for use must not have protruding swing surface, and still, these surfaces can be put upside down, make nonreentrant surface on the drawing strickle guide seat and recessed surface on goods of furniture for display rather than for use.In improving installation, between the arm 704,706 that turns over shank 678 and drawing strickle guide seat 656 on the upper board 674, can there be very little interval relatively especially.This interval is illustrated among Figure 19 b with gap ' G ', and described gap ' G ' is preferably enough surpluses of the hunting motion between the described parts, and described hunting motion is limited by flat 106 of truck bolster, 108 spacing.
By the combination of horizontal goods of furniture for display rather than for use and shear pad is set, resulting assembly can provide the flexibility that increases substantially in a lateral direction, allows simultaneously to measure turning to certainly.The example of Figure 19 a can be set to initial installation, maybe can be set to improve install.Improving under the situation of installing, goods of furniture for display rather than for use 654 and drawing strickle guide seat 656 can be installed between existing neoprene pad and the existing drawing strickle guide seat, or can install with the replacement neoprene pad with thinner integral thickness, so that the height that bearing seat to the overall height of drawing strickle guide seated connection mouth can remain and improve before installing is roughly the same.
Figure 19 e and 19f represent the alternative embodiment of neoprene pad and goods of furniture for display rather than for use combination.Though the embodiment of Figure 19 a shows in the horizontal and vertical directions shearing is had the neoprene sandwich structure of response about equally, this needs not to be general situation.For example, in the embodiment of Figure 19 e and 19f, neoprene bearing seat pad assembly 720,731 has elasticity neoprene thin slice sandwich structure separately, and it is denoted as 722 and 723, and wherein, reinforcement 726,727 has the rill of longitudinal extension or wavy.At longitudinal direction, described sandwich structure can tend to as front mode counteraction with almost pure shear in the example of Figure 19 a.Yet departing from of horizontal direction not only needs shearing component now, and except shearing component, also needs perpendicular to the pressure of described neoprene member and draws and answer component.This can tend to produce the more transverse response of rigidity, and thereby generation anisotropy response.Anisotropy shear pad device with this character can be used among the embodiment of Figure 19 a, and in any one of the embodiment that can use at Figure 19 e and 19f of the plane device among the embodiment of Figure 19 a.With reference to figure 19e, base plate 728 and upper board 730 all usually have and the corresponding contoured of the contoured of sandwich structure 722.Goods of furniture for display rather than for use 732 has the lower surface that corresponding profile is arranged.Other aspects, the embodiment of this embodiment and Figure 19 a is basic identical.
With reference to figure 19f, neoprene bearing seat pad assembly 721 has base plate 734, and described base plate has with non-swing relation and is placed in lower surface on the bearing seat, and its mode is the same with the mode that bearing seat pad assembly 652 is placed on the bearing seat 650.The upper surface 735 of base plate 734 has rill or contoured, described rill such as above-mentioned longitudinal extension.The neoprene thin slice of first elastic layer 736, inner brace panel 737 and second elastic layer 738 is between the corresponding wavy basal surface of base plate 734 and upper board 740.Upper board 740 is not the surface plate that other goods of furniture for display rather than for use plates can be installed on it, but has upper surface 742, and described upper surface has integrally formed goods of furniture for display rather than for use profile, and this profile is corresponding with the profile of the upper surface of goods of furniture for display rather than for use 654.Therefore drawing strickle guide seat 744 does not need goods of furniture for display rather than for use separately, and it can keep the relation of teeter by direct mount to upper board 740 and with its tool.The combination of bearing seat cushion 721 and drawing strickle guide seat 742 can have interconnected bonded block 747, and it prevents face down surface 748 vertically move with given shape of goods of furniture for display rather than for use surface 742 with respect to drawing strickle guide seat 744.
Figure 22 a to 22c, 23a and 23b
Do not have among Figure 22 a to 22c to adopt and bearing seat that bearing separates, be installed in the wherein bearing 750 on the end of axletree and show.Bearing 750 has integrally formed arc rolling contact surfaces 754, and it is used for cooperating the point that rolls to contact with the cooperation rolling contact surfaces 756 of drawing strickle guide base member 758.The general geometric configuration of described rolling relation is according to r
1, R
1Be described with the possible relation of L, and as mentioned above, protruding and recessed rolling contact surfaces can be put upside down, described recessed surface is on the bearing so that described nonreentrant surface is on the drawing strickle guide seat, perhaps in addition, and under the situation of composite curvature, described surface can be a saddle, as mentioned above.The bearing of Figure 22 b and 23b represent in " 1997 compartments and locomotive cyc " 812 pages the bearing cross-sectional plane be illustrated as the basis.Described bearing cross-sectional illustration offers the Cyclopedia Courtesy of Brenco Inc. of the Petersburg of Fo Jiniya.
In more detail, bearing 750 is the assembly parts of parts, ring 760 in it comprises, and a pair of bevelled roller assembly 762, ring engages with axletree 752 in it, and outer ring element 764, and its inner truncated cone stayed surface engages with the roller of assembly 762.The whole assembly that comprises sealing member, liner and gasket ring is fixing by the end cap 766 of the end that is installed to axletree 752.Do not adopt the outer ring element of circular cylindrical shape in the assembly of Figure 22 a to 22c, on the contrary, ring element 764 has top 770, described top has general shape and the function identical with bearing seat 44 or 144, it comprises taper end wall 768, this wall as mentioned above near the surface of above-mentioned drawing strickle guide fixing device 130 carry out the oscillating stroke restriction.In addition, top 770 comprises and is used to support as mentioned above that the turning of fixing device 130 meets boundary 774.Therefore, bearing has integrally formed swing surface.Described swing surface is for good and all fixing with respect to the remainder of the bearing assembly of underlying.Like this, provide a kind of bearing shell to be suppressed the assembly that rotates with respect to the swing surface.
In Figure 23 a and Figure 23 b, single-piece bearing and bearing seat wobble component or wheel set to drawing strickle guide interface module is denoted as improved bearing 790.In this case, outer shroud 792 forms the horizontal expansion of nonreentrant surface for example (though its can be spill) as mentioned above, the shape on column goods of furniture for display rather than for use surface 794, laterally to engage on goods of furniture for display rather than for use surface 796 with the spill (though its can be convex) as mentioned above that cooperates of drawing strickle guide seat 798, this can tend to provide proportional from turning to weight as mentioned above.
Therefore, the embodiment of Figure 22 a and 23a all show be used for the three-member type steering rack for train carriage side frame guide to the Axle bearing interface module.The assembly of the embodiment of Figure 22 a has can be operated to realize the parts of horizontal and vertical swing.Two embodiment comprise bearing assembly, described bearing assembly has one and is shaped as saddle, is not spill or is exactly converx swing surface elements, its integral part that forms outer race is so that the position of swing mating surfaces is with respect to location, bearing rigidity ground (because in this example, the swing mating surfaces is the part of bearing).In the embodiment of Figure 22 a, described integrally formed surface is a composite surface, and in the embodiment of Figure 23 b, described rolling contact surfaces is a cylinder surface, and described cylinder surface is formed on the arc with constant radius of curvature.
May making up of surface type comprises two above-mentioned member interfaces (promptly, swing surface on the bearing top and the cooperation swing surface on the drawing strickle guide seat) or three member interfaces, in described three member interfaces, middle goods of furniture for display rather than for use is installed in (a) with respect to the surface of bearing race rigidity location with (b) between the surface of drawing strickle guide seat.As mentioned above, one or another surface can be formed on globular arc portion so that described parts have torsional compliance, perhaps in other words, separate with respect to rotating around vertical axes with reversing.Described combination can comprise the suitable cushion that uses member 156,374,412 for example or 456.
Each assembly of Figure 22 a and 23a has bearing, and it is installed on the end of wheel countershaft of three-member type steering rack for train carriage.Described bearing has external member, and described external member is installed to and makes the axletree end can be with respect to the position of its rotation, reason be described in ring can rotate with respect to described outer shroud.Described bearing has turning cylinder, and bearing collar and bearing are coaxial around described turning cylinder, and when described bearing collar and bearing installation, its axis trend is consistent with the longitudinal axis of wheel countershaft.In each situation, described external member has formation swing surface thereon to engage with the rolling contact surfaces that cooperates of the drawing strickle guide seat member of the bogie side frame of three-member type bogie truck.
When the rolling contact surfaces of described bearing was centered under the corresponding pedestal, it had the local minimum energy state, and preferably, cooperated rolling contact surfaces to have the radius that can tend to make the automatic centering of protruding rolling touch member.That is to say, from the least energy position (preferably, the centering position) removing the vertical distance of separation that can tend to cause between the wheel set shaft centre line (thereby line of centers of bearing turning cylinder) becomes further and separates with the side frame guide top, because wobbling action can tend to the end of bogie side frame is raise slightly, so stored potential energy is increased in the system.
This can illustrate with different modes.In cylindrical polar coordinates, the major axis of wheel countershaft can be considered to axial direction.Radial direction is measured perpendicular to described axial direction, and the angle circumferential direction is reciprocally perpendicular to described axial direction and described radial direction.On rolling contact surfaces, exist distance axis to forward the nearest position of moving axis, this location definition " static " or local minimum potential-energy balance position.Because the radius of curvature of described rolling contact surfaces is greater than the radical length L between bearing turning cylinder and the minimum radius, the every side of radial distance in the minimum radius position as circumferential angle theta function is increased (perhaps, in other words, have between the zone of big radial distance from the position of the minimum radial distance of bearing turning cylinder).Therefore, the slope of function r (θ), promptly dr/d θ is zero at minimum point, and leaves minimum point in any side angle displacement to minimum potential energy position, r increases.When described surface had the curvature of space, dr/d θ and dr/dL were zero at minimum point all, and leave every side of described minimal energy position or all sides of described minimal energy position, and r increases, and were zero at described minimum potential energy position r.No matter the described rolling contact surfaces on the bearing is a nonreentrant surface, still recessed surface, or saddle, no matter and center of curvature is positioned at the following of bearing center of turn or on rolling contact surfaces, and this can tend to for correctly.The curvature bending part of rolling contact surfaces can be sphere, ellipse, annular, parabola, parabola or column.Described rolling contact surfaces has radius of curvature, and it has a plurality of radiuss of curvature if adopt the curvature of space, described radius of curvature greater than from the distance apart from minimum position of turning cylinder, and described rolling contact surfaces and the different axle center of described bearing turning cylinder.
This can also illustrate with another kind of method,, has primary importance on the rolling contact surfaces of bearing that is, and described primary importance is than the turning cylinder of more close described bearing radially of other any positions on the described rolling contact surfaces.First distance L is defined as the distance between described turning cylinder and the described proximal most position.The surface of the surface of bearing and drawing strickle guide seat respectively has radius of curvature and cooperates with protruding and recessed relation, and a radius of curvature is the convex curvature radius r
1, the another one radius of curvature is recessed radius of curvature R
2(no matter its be which).r
1Greater than L, R
2Greater than r
1, and L, r
1And R
2Defer to formula L
-1-(r
1 -1-R
2 -1Can cooperate to allow from turning in)＞0, described goods of furniture for display rather than for use surface.
Figure 24 a to 24e
Figure 24 a to 24e relates to a kind of three-member type bogie truck 200.Bogie truck 200 has three major parts, and described parts are truck bolster 192 and a pair of 194 first and second bogie side frames that are denoted as, and described truck bolster is about bogie truck longitudinal centerline symmetry.Figure 24 c shows the symmetry of bogie truck 200, and it only shows a bogie side frame.The resilient suspension (first hangs) that is provided by spring assembly 195 is provided three-member type bogie truck 200, and described spring assembly is interposed between the end (that is lateral outer side) of truck bolster 192 and bogie side frame 194.
Truck bolster 192 be rigidity, the build-up type crossbeam, second end (two ends all are denoted as 193) that it has first end that engages with a bogie side frame assembly and engages with another one bogie side frame assembly.Center plate or center basin 190 are positioned at bogie pivot center.Extend between the upper limb 188 at both ends portions 194, it is narrow in center waist, outwards is deployed in the end 194 wideer lateral outer side end then.Truck bolster 192 also has lower edge 189 and two build-up type webs 191, and described two build-up type webs extend in and form fitfull, closed cross-section boxlike crossbeam between upper limb 188 and the lower edge 189.The place that additional web 197 is installed between the terminal part of flange 188 and 189, bolster 192 engages with one of them spring assembly 195.The transverse end areas of truck bolster 192 also has friction damper hold 196,198, and it is used to hold the friction shock absorber wedge.
In the embodiment of Figure 24 a, spring assembly 195 has two row's springs 193, horizontal inboard spring and lateral outer side spring.In an embodiment, every row can have big (8 inches+/-) diameter coil spring that four vertical rebound spring rate of strain constants are k, and the vertical rebound spring rate of strain constant of group 195 is less than 10,000 pounds/inch.In an embodiment, this spring rate constant can be 6000 to 10, in 000/ pound/inch the scope, and can be in 7000 to 9500 pounds/inch scope, the twice that this total vertical rebound spring rate of strain that draws described bogie truck is above-mentioned numerical value, greatly in 14,000 to 18,500 pounds/inch scope.Depend on the distribution of required total spring rate of spring assembly and rigidity, spring is arranged the nested coil that can comprise outer spring, inner spring and interior-inner spring.The quantity of spring, the interior and quantity of exterior loop and the spring rate of various springs can change.The spring rate of spring assembly coil increases the spring rate constant of spring assembly, typically is suitable for the designed carrying capacity of described bogie truck.
Each bogie side frame assembly also has four friction shock absorber wedges, and it is arranged as first and second pairs of laterally inboard and lateral outer side wedges 204,205,206 and 207, and they engage with socket or seat 196,198 in four jiaos of modes of arranging.Each turning spring-loaded friction shock absorber wedge 204,205,206 and 207 in the spring assembly 195.Each vertical post 36 has skimming wear plate 92, and the friction face that described friction plate has wedge 204,205,206 and 207 can support horizontal inboard and lateral outer side zone thereon respectively.Flat 106 of bolster, 108 lays respectively at the inboard and the outside of scuff panel 92.
In the explanation of Figure 24 e, damper base is depicted as by dividing plate 208 separately.If pass bogie truck 200 via the center of dividing plate 208 vertical perpendicular that draws, can see that inboard shock absorber is positioned at a side on plane 209, and outside shock absorber be positioned at the outside on described plane.In swing subsequently, to tend to mode effect by the vertical of damper action in swing with couple, wherein, the lip-deep application force of friction support that acts on inboard pad will act on the complete inboard on the plane of at one end going up all the time, and act in addition the complete outside that application force on the oblique friction face will act on described plane all the time.
In an embodiment, the size of the spring assembly embodiment of Figure 24 b can produce the bogie side frame fenestra, and the width of described opening is the width between the vertical post 36 of bogie side frame 194, and its size is about 33 inches.Described spring assembly is compared with existing spring assembly and is wanted relative big, and it is big more than 25% that its width is wanted.In the embodiment of Fig. 1 f, it respectively is 51/2 to hold diameter that bogie truck 20 can also have wide especially fenestra " 5 coils.Bogie truck 200 can have the relatively large wheelspan length that is denoted as WB.WB can be greater than 73 inches, perhaps to represent that with the ratio of gauge width they can be greater than 1.30 times of gauge width.WB can be greater than 80 inches, or greater than 1.4 times of gauge width, and in an embodiment, WB is equal to or greater than about 84 inches greater than 1.5 times of the gauge width.Similarly, the width of bogie side frame fenestra can be greater than height.The width that strides across scuff panel between the opposite side trestle 36 can be greater than 24 ", the ratio of width to height can be greater than 8: 7, and described width can be in the scope more than 28 " or 32 ", and corresponding the ratio of width to height is greater than 4: 3 with greater than 3: 2.The size of described spring perch can be extended to width, and transverse width is 151/2 " 17 " or bigger corresponding to the bogie side frame fenestra.
Figure 25 a to 25d
Figure 25 a to 25d shows alternative bogie truck embodiment.Bogie truck 800 has bolster 808, bogie side frame 807 and shock absorber 801,802 devices, it adopts inboard and outside constant force, vertical double-type friction shock absorber 801,802, described friction shock absorber is supported on the spring 803,804 of horizontal force, and described spring is enclosed in the running-on side by side 805,806 that is installed in truck bolster 808 ends.Though only have two shock absorbers 801,802 to be illustrated, this to shock absorber towards relative separately bogie side frame post.Shock absorber 801,802 can comprise block 809 separately and be installed to consumed abrasion member 810 on the face of described block 809.Described block and abrasion member have the protruding of cooperation and concave label feature 812 to keep its relative position.Spring has detouchable flat head screw parts 814 in the described spring compressor so that can be loaded and can be held in position during installation in advance.Spring 803,804 is shifted friction shock absorber 801,802 or be biased to onto on the cooresponding friction surface of described bogie side frame post.Spring 803,804 depart from the pressure that does not rely on main spring group 816, but the function of initial predetermined load.
Figure 26 a and 26b
Figure 26 a and 26b show the axonometric drawings such as part of truck bolster 820, the truck bolster 402 of described truck bolster and Figure 14 a is similar substantially, difference is that bolster running-on 822 does not have the web of similar central partition plate, but having continuous recess (bay), described groove extends across for example width of the underlying spring assembly of spring assembly 436.Single wide shock absorber wedge is denoted as 824.Shock absorber 824 has two springs 825,826 by described underlying spring assembly and supports and act on width on it.If bolster 400 can tend to be displaced to the non-perpendicular orientation with respect to the bogie side frame that is associated, parallelogram phenomenon for example, one side of wedge 824 can tend to be extruded more tightly than an other side, the turning cylinder that wedge 824 trend is wound in running-on perpendicular to angled (that is hypotenuse face) of described wedge is reversed.This reverses tendency and also tends to cause different pressures at spring 825,826, and reversing of wedge 824 and truck bolster 820 are all produced countermoment with respect to the non-square displacement of described truck side frame.Relative spring pairing on the post of the opposite side of described bogie side frame can tend to produce similar moment.Figure 26 b shows alternative a pair of shock absorber wedge 827,828.This folding wedge profile bolster running-on 822 of can packing into similarly, and in this case, each wedge 827,828 is installed on the spring separately.Wedge 827,828 along first jiao of the face of bolster running-on 822 relative to each other slidably.When described bogie truck moved to non-square situation, the differential displacement of wedge 827,828 can tend to produce differential pressure on it is associated spring, that is, spring 825,826 produces countermoments.In either case, described bolster running-on can have wear washer 494, and described running-on itself can be a part that is welded to the prefabricated insert 506 on the described bolster end, no matter be initial product or improvement product, it can comprise that the wideer bogie side frame post of installation selects with different spring assembly, described spring assembly selects to follow from single shock absorber to dual shock absorber (for example, four jiaos) to arrange to such an extent that improve conversion.
Figure 27 a and 27b
Figure 27 a shows the bolster 830 that is similar to bolster 210, and its difference is that bolster running-on 831 respectively holds the wedge 833,834 of pair of separated.Running-on 831,832 respectively has a pair of stayed surface 835,836, and described a pair of stayed surface not only tilted with first jiao of α but also with second jiao of β, and described second jiao of surface 835,836 is positioned at opposite side to produce above-mentioned shock absorber separation force.Surface 835,836 also has liner, and it is essentially the scuff panel 837,838 of low relatively friction.Each is installed on the single spring separating wedge.
The example of Figure 27 a shows bolster 840 and offset separation wedge 841,842.Bolster running-on 843,844 is the ladder running-on, wherein said ladder, and promptly part 845,846 has identical first jiao of α and second jiao of identical β, and all with identical direction biasing, is different from the plane of symmetry of the separating wedge on a left side and right side among Figure 27 a.Therefore, the double-type separating wedge 842 in the outside has first and second members 847,848, and it has first jiao of α and second jiao of β of same side separately, and two described members are all at the lateral direction upper offset.Similarly, inboard double-type separating wedge 841 has first and second members 849 and 850, and it has first jiao of α and second jiao of β, and difference is that the direction of second jiao of β makes member 849 and 850 trends at interior side direction upper offset.In the layout of Figure 27 c, single ladder wedge 851,852 can be used to replace described double-type separating wedge, i.e. member 847,848 or 849,850.The wedge of corresponding opposite side uses in another one bolster running-on.
Figure 28 a and 28b
In Figure 28 a, truck bolster 860 has the bolster running-on insert 861,862 of the welding that is positioned at opposite side, and it is welded in the accommodating chamber of its end.Each bolster running-on has inboard and outside portion 863,864, its total same first jiao of α, but have the second jiao of β that is positioned at opposite side.Corresponding inboard and outside wedge are denoted as 865,866, are installed in separately on the spring 867,868 of vertical location.In this case, bolster 860 does not have the bolster 820 that is similar to Figure 26 a aspect the interior and exterior flat-bed of bolster running-on separately.Bolster 860 is similar to the bolster 210 of Fig. 5 equally, and difference is, the bolster running-on of opposite side combines not interfering under the flat-bed situation.In Figure 28 b, separating wedge pairing 869,870 (inboards) and 871,872 (outsides) are used to replace single inboard and outside wedge 865 and 866.
Physical pendulum geom
This illustrate and the various goods of furniture for display rather than for uses that illustrate can adopt the goods of furniture for display rather than for use that forms physical pendulum, promptly protruding goods of furniture for display rather than for use radius is a non-zero, and suppose its roll with recessed goods of furniture for display rather than for use (with slide relative) engage.The embodiment of Fig. 2 a (and other) for example shows two-way physical pendulum.The performance of these pendulum can not only influence the lateral stiffness on vertical goods of furniture for display rather than for use but also influence turning to certainly on vertical goods of furniture for display rather than for use.
The lateral stiffness that hangs can tend to reflection (a) (i) bearing seat and the (ii) rigidity of the bogie side frame between the bottom spring seat (that is bogie side frame teeter); (b) (i) rigidity of the lateral runout of each spring between lower spring cup and the upper spring seat (ii) installed against truck bolster; (c) (i) bogie side frame be hit by a bullet spring abutment and the upper spring (ii) installed against truck bolster between the rigidity of moment.The lateral stiffness of described spring assembly can be about 1/2 of a uprighting spring rigidity.For the bogie truck that is 263,000 or 286,000 pounds of GWR design-calculateds 100 or 110 tons, suppose that each bogie truck has two spring assembly, there are two bogie trucks in each compartment, and given crossed strip rigidity is 13-16,000 pound/in., then uprighting spring group rigidity can be 25-30,000 pound/in..The teeter that the second component of rigidity relates to described bogie side frame departs from.Height between the convex surface of described bottom spring seat and described bearing seat can be about 15 inches (+/-).Described drawing strickle guide seat can have with the bearing seat convex surface of 60 inches radiuses and carries out the flat surfaces that line contacts.For load is 286,000 pounds compartment, and the surperficial rigidity of the described bogie side frame that is caused by this second component can be 18 in the observed reading of described bottom spring seat, 000-25,000 pound/in.Additional by the rigidity that the unbalanced pressure of three-component, described spring causes to bogie side frame rigidity.The rigidity value of each spring assembly can depend on the rigidity of described spring and the layout of described spring assembly for about 3000-3500 pound/in.Total lateral stiffness of a bogie side frame of 100 tons of bogie trucks of S2HD can be about 9200 pounds/inch/bogie side frame.
Alternative bogie truck is " swing " bogie truck, for example be illustrated in " 1980 compartments and locomotive cyc " (1980, Simmons-Boardman, in Omaha) 716 pages.In pivoted bogy, bogie side frame can be more as the pendulum action.Described bearing seat has radius and is approximately 10 inches recessed goods of furniture for display rather than for use.The protruding goods of furniture for display rather than for use that is installed in the cooperation at bogie side frame top can have about 5 inches radius.Depend on geom, this can produce size to lateral runout is that about 1/4 (or littler) of exemplary value arrived about 1/2 bogie side frame resistance.If the relative compliance of described pendulum combines with the rigidity of spring assembly, the relative compliance of described pendulum can have dominating role.Lateral stiffness can thereby less the influence that is subjected to uprighting spring rigidity.The use of swing lower spring cup can reduce or eliminate the lateral stiffness that is caused by the overbalance spring pressure.Pivoted bogy has used crossbeam to connect bogie side frame, and pins described crossbeam to prevent non-square distortion.Other bogie truck stiffening devices of rigidity have basically also been used, " frame supported " of for example horizontal unsprung bar or unsprung diagonal ligament.Laterally come spring-loaded support can increase the resistance of bogie side frame around the rotation of truck bolster major axis.This can not need strengthen the balanced of wheel weight or hinders the wheel rising.
Can use following formula to estimate the bogie truck lateral stiffness:
k
Bogie truck=2 * [(k
Bogie side frame)
-1+ (k
Spring is sheared)
-1]
-1
Wherein
k
Bogie side frame=[k
Pendulum+ k
Spring torque]
k
Spring is shearedThe crossed strip constant of=spring assembly when shearing.
k
Pendulum=measured required the application force of described pendulum deflection per unit amount of deflection at bottom spring seat center.
k
Spring torqueSpring perch opposing twist moment in=bottom is to the required application force of side-play amount of side deflection per unit, and described rotating torque is caused by the unbalanced pressure of inboard and outside spring.
In pendulum, general when the pass of weight and side-play amount ties up to low-angle for linear, be similar to the F=kx in spring.Laterally constant can be defined as k
Pendulum=W/L, wherein, W is a weight, and L is a pendulum length.Approximate equivalent pendulum length can be defined as L
Eq=W/k
PendulumThe weight that W supports for the bogie side frame upper spring.For L=15 and convex surface radius is 60 " bogie truck, L
EqCan be about 3 inches.For pivoted bogy, L
EqCan be greater than 2 times of this numerical value.
The formula of vertically (promptly from the turning to) goods of furniture for display rather than for use shown in Fig. 2 a can also be defined as:
F/ δ
Long=k
Long=(W/L) [[(1/L)/(1/r
1-1/R
1)]-1]
Wherein:
k
LongBe the longitudinal force of goods of furniture for display rather than for use and the vertical constant of proportionality between the vertical misalignment amount.
F is the unit longitudinal force that is applied on the axle centerline.
δ
LongUnit vertical misalignment amount for axle centerline.
The distance on L summit of 116 from the wheel center line to the protuberance.
R
1Longitudinal curvature radius for drawing strickle guide seat 38 middle concaves.
r
1Longitudinal curvature radius for the convex surface of the protuberance on the bearing seat 116.
In this relation, R
1Greater than r
1, and (1/L) greater than [(1/r
1-1/R
1)], and as shown in FIG., L is less than r
1Or R
1Among said some embodiment, the length L from the bearing seat surface vertices that is positioned at the central stationary position to axle center can typically be 5-
3/
4To 6 inches (+/-), and can be in the scope of 5-7 inch.Bearing seat, drawing strickle guide, bogie side frame and bolster typically are formed from steel.The inventor thinks that described rolling contact surfaces can preferably be made by tool steel or similar material.
What in a lateral direction, skew was carried out for low-angle is approximately:
k
Pendulum=(F
2/ δ
2)=(W/L
Pendulum) [[(1/L
Pendulum)/((1/R
Goods of furniture for display rather than for use)-(1/R
Seat))]+1]
Wherein,
k
PendulumThe lateral stiffness of=described pendulum
F
2=be applied to the application force of the per unit transversal displacement of bottom spring seat
δ
2=unit transversal displacement
The weight of the described pendulum carrying of W=
L
PendulumPendulum length at the bottom of=the pendulum from the bearing seat mating surfaces to spring perch when not departing from
R
Goods of furniture for display rather than for use=r
2The chordwise curvature radius on=goods of furniture for display rather than for use surface
R
Seat=R
2The chordwise curvature radius of=goods of furniture for display rather than for use seat
Wherein, R
SeatAnd R
Goods of furniture for display rather than for useHave similar size, and exceedingly not little with respect to L, and described pendulum can tend to have big relatively lateral excursion constant.Work as R
SeatWith L or R
Goods of furniture for display rather than for useOr both compare greatly, and when can be approximated to be greatly (that is, the plane), above-mentioned simplified formula is:
k
Pendulum=(F
Laterally/ δ
Laterally)=(W/L
Pendulum) [(R
Goods of furniture for display rather than for use/ L
Pendulum)+1]
Count as denominator with this, and obtain cooresponding pendulum length, L as molecule with design weight
Eq=W/k
Pendulum
Can be 12 and 20 inches from the rolling touch interface of last goods of furniture for display rather than for use seat to the vertical length of the measured described bogie side frame pendulum of bottom spring, can be between 14 and 18 inches.Depend on bogie truck size and goods of furniture for display rather than for use physical dimension, described cooresponding length L
EqCan greater than 4 inches and less than 15 inches scope in, and narrower ground is in the scope between 5 inches and 13 inches.Though bogie truck 20 or 22 can be 70 tons of special uses, 70 tons, 100 tons, 110 tons or 125 tons of bogie trucks, bogie truck 20 or 22 can be that wheel diameter is the bogie truck size of 33 inches or 36 or 38 inches.Among said some embodiment, protruding goods of furniture for display rather than for use R
Goods of furniture for display rather than for useTo pendulum length L
PendulumRatio can be equal to or less than 3, be equal to or less than 2 in some instances.Preferably in the bogie truck, this numerical value can be less than 1 in horizontal compliance.Factor [(1/L
Pendulum)/((1/R
Goods of furniture for display rather than for use)-(1/R
Seat))] can be less than 3, and in some instances can be less than 2
1/
2Preferably in the bogie truck, this factor can be less than 2 in horizontal compliance.In described various embodiment, can be with the lateral stiffness of bogie truck maximum load ability or the horizontal goods of furniture for display rather than for use pendulum that more generally calculated with railway carriage GWR limit less than the lateral shear rigidity of the spring assembly that is associated.In addition, in described various embodiment, described bogie truck can not use and laterally be unkitted spring support, no matter it is a crossbeam, and the parallel bar of horizontal expansion, or diagonal angle intersection frame support or other unsprung reinforcements.In described embodiment, described bogie truck can have four jiaos of shock absorber groups that driven by each spring assembly.
In the said bogie truck, under its fully loaded design condition, equivalent lateral stiffness at the measured described bogie side frame of described bottom spring seat, be the ratio of application force and transversal displacement, can be less than the horizontal shearing rigidity of described spring, described fully loaded design condition or according to the AAR of 70,100,110 or 125 tons of bogie trucks restriction is determined, perhaps when the low carrying capacity of selected expection, its uprighting spring load with 2 inches uprighting spring amount of deflections of generation in spring assembly is proportional.In certain embodiments, particularly frangible, high value lade, for example automobile, consumer goods etc., the equivalent lateral stiffness k of bogie side frame for relative lower density
Bogie side frameCan be less than 6000 pounds/in. and can be between about 3500 and 5500 pounds/in., and can be in the scope of 3700 to 4100 pounds/in..For example, in an embodiment, it is 8 inches spring that 2 * 4 spring assembly have diameter, and total vertically rigidity of each described spring assembly is 9600 pounds/in. and cooresponding lateral shear rigidity k
Spring is shearedBe 8200 pounds/in..Described bogie side frame has the lower spring cup that rigidity is installed.It can use in the bogie truck with 36 inches wheels.In another embodiment, spring diameter is 5
1/
23 * 5 spring assembly of inch are used in the bogie truck with 36 inches wheels, and described spring assembly has the vertical rigidity that is approximately 9600 pounds/in. equally.The uprighting spring rigidity of each spring assembly can be positioned in the scope less than 30,000 pounds/in., can be less than 20, in the scope of 000 pound/in., and can be 4,000 to 12, in the scope of 000 pound/in., and can be about 6000 to 10,000 pounds/in..The reversing of described spring can have scope in the rigidity of 750 to 1200 pounds/in. and its vertical shear rigidity in the scope of 3500 to 5500 pounds/in., total bogie side frame rigidity is in the scope of 2000 to 3500 pounds/in..
In having the embodiment of the fixing bogie truck of bottom spring seat, described bogie truck can have the lateral excursion rigidity part that the unbalanced pressure by described spring causes, its size is 600 to 1200 pounds/in., and described lateral excursion is measured the bottom of the spring perch on described bogie side frame.This numerical value can be less than 1000 pounds/in., and can be less than 900 pounds/in..The underloading compartment is with respect to fully loaded compartment, and the part of the restitution power that is caused by the unbalanced pressure of described spring can tend to bigger.
Comprise that some embodiment that can be called pivoted bogy can have one or more following features, promptly in the teeter direction, r/R.＜0.7; 3＜r＜30, or close limit ground more, 4＜r＜20; And 5＜R＜45, or close limit ground more, 8＜R＜30, and for lateral stiffness, 2,000 pounds/in.＜k
Pendulum＜10,000 pound/in., or expression by different way, be passed to the poundage of the lateral oscillations rigidity of the lateral excursion of the bottom spring seat place per inch at bogie side frame place in vertical load, by every pound weight of pendulum carrying, can be in 0.08 and 0.2 scope, or narrower ground, in 0.1 to 0.16 scope.
Friction surface
Dynamic response can be very responsive.The resistance that reduces to be out of shape is favourable, and helps in this respect from turning to.The tendency that reduces wheel rising generation is favourable.The stick-slip feature that reduces in the shock absorber can be improved performance in this respect.The shock absorber that use has friction force up and down about equally can stop wheel to raise.Described wheel raise to reverse between the bogie side frame bonded assembly reduce responsive, for example when crossbeam or frame support are disassembled.Though wish bogie side frame separates with reversing, but can wish equally the physics locking relation instead of the relation that can make described bogie truck with non-square mode bending, in the latter's relation, described bogie truck bears trend and makes its bias force that is back into square position, and this can adopt obtaining than the strong resistance couple of the double shock absorber compared with single shock absorber.Though use the lateral flexibility goods of furniture for display rather than for use, have the shock absorber that reduces the stick-slip feature, four jiaos of shock absorbers are arranged and from turning to can be in the mode of self useful effect, it seems that they can also be interrelated in mode trickle and not expectation.When having the stick-slip feature tendency that reduces in the described shock absorber, turn to certainly and can work better.When described shock absorber had the stick-slip feature tendency that reduces, the teeter with swing mode can be worked equally better.When described shock absorber was installed in four jiaos of modes of arranging, the teeter with swing mode can tend to turn round better.Oppositely consider, when the rigid locking of crossbeam or frame support relation (makes described bogie truck more flexible by four jiaos of shock absorbers significantly, rather than rigidity more) replace and described shock absorber when not too being easy to have the stick-slip feature, described bogie truck swing can not can worsen significantly.Described combination of features effect can connect each other together unusually.
In the said various bogie truck, between described bolster and described bogie side frame, has the friction damping interface.Described bogie side frame post or described shock absorber (or both) can have bottom or controlled friction support surface, described friction support surface can comprise the sclerosis scuff panel, if described sclerosis scuff panel is with old or damage and can change, or described friction support surface can comprise and can consume coat or abrasionproof spare or pad.The described bearing surface of described motion vibration damping, friction damping member can obtain by static state and the dynamic friction coefficient of described surface being handled to produce expection, and described processing can be utilization surface coating layer and insert, pad, braking abrasionproof spare or brake lining or other processing.Abrasionproof spare and liner can obtain from power-transfer clutch and brake lining manufacturer, and one of described manufacturer is railroad friction product (Railway FrictionProducts).This kind abrasionproof spare and liner can have polymer-matrix or matrix, and it is mounted with metal mixture or other material particle to produce specific frictional behaviour.
Described friction surface can have static friction coefficient μ when being used in combination with relative stayed surface
sWith dynamic or dynamic friction coefficient μ
kDescribed coefficient can change along with environmental aspect.For purposes of illustration, described friction coefficient will be regarded friction coefficient in situation on dry daytime of 70F as for thinking.In an embodiment, the described friction coefficient when dry can be in 0.15 to 0.45 scope, can 0.20 to 0.35 than close limit in, and in an embodiment, it can be about 0.30.In an embodiment, described coat or pad can produce relative to each other size within 20% on the frictional interface when being used in combination with the relative stayed surface of described bogie side frame post, or narrower ground, static state within 10% and dynamic friction coefficient.In another embodiment, described static state and dynamic friction coefficient equate basically.
The wedge surface
When using the shock absorber wedge, general low friction or controlled friction pad or coat can use on the skewed surface of described shock absorber, described skewed surface engages with the scuff panel (if using this scuff panel) of described bolster running-on, in described bolster running-on, the dynamic interaction of local slip, local swing can be arranged.The inventor thinks that it is useful using controlled frictional interface between the inclined-plane of the inclined-plane of described wedge and described bolster running-on, and in described bolster running-on, the combination of scuff panel and friction member can advantageously tend to produce the friction coefficient with known properties.In certain embodiments, described friction coefficient can be for identical or much at one, and can have the tendency that seldom or not presents the stick-slip feature, or compare with cast iron or steel and can have the stick-slip tendency that reduces.In addition, use brake lining with known friction characteristic or cast material insert can tend to allow described performance be controlled in narrower, more can predict and more repeatably in the scope, this can produce the running continuity of reasonable level.Described coat or pad or liner can be polymeric member, perhaps for the poly-mer or the complex matrix member of suitable frictional material are housed.It can be from acquisitions such as braking or clutch bushing makers.The company that can supply with this friction material is the railroad friction product (Railway FrictionProducts) of the 13601 Laurinburg Maxton Ai of MaxtonNC; Another company is the Quadrant EPPUSA Inc. of the 2120 Fairmont Ave. of Reading PA.In an embodiment, described material can with use by standard wagon bogies company (StandardCar Truck Company) that (t.m.) material on the shock absorber wedge is identical at " Barber Twin Guard " with polymer-coated layer.In an embodiment, described material can be such coat or pad, described coat or pad can produce relative to each other size within 20% on the frictional interface when using together with the relative stayed surface of described bogie side frame post, or narrower ground, each other 10% within.In another embodiment, described static state and dynamic friction coefficient equate basically.Described dynamic friction coefficient can be in 0.15 to 0.30 scope, and can be about 0.20 in an embodiment.
The vertical friction face of shock absorber and inclined-plane all can be through the friction special processings, and this friction special processing can realize by coat, pad or liner.Though the friction coefficient on described inclined-plane can be identical with the friction coefficient of described friction face, they needn't be mutually the same.In an embodiment, static state on the described friction face and dynamic friction coefficient can be for about 0.3, and can each other approximately equate, and static state on the inclined-plane and dynamic friction coefficient can be for about 0.2, and can each other approximately equate.In arbitrary situation, no matter be on the vertical bearing surface of described bogie side frame post, still on the inclined-plane in described bolster running-on, the inventor thinks that the surface pairing of avoiding can tending to cause abrading with the stick-slip feature is favourable.
Spring assembly
The main spring group can have multiple spring arrangement.The various dual shock absorber embodiment of spring arrangement is as follows:
| D 1 X 1 D 3 X 2 X 3 X 4 D 2 X 5 D 4 | D 1 X 1 D 3 X 2 X 3 D 2 X 4 D 4 | X 1 D 1 X 2 D 3 X 3 D 2 D 4 | D 1X 1X 2X 3 D 3 X 4X 5X 6X 7 X 8 D 2X 9X 10X 11D 4 | D 1 X 1 X 2 D 3 D 2 X 3 X 4 D 4 |
| 3×3 | 3∶2∶3 | 2∶3∶2 | 3×5 | 2×4 |
In described spring assembly, D
iExpression damper spring, and X
iRepresent non-damper spring.
Under the situation of 100 tons or 110 tons bogie trucks, 20% (and preferably in 10%) that the inventor proposes to be positioned at following parameter envelope with spring and damper combination:
(a) arrange that for four wedges envelope has according to k with whole steel or iron damper surface
Shock absorber=2.41 (θ
Wedge)
1.76The upper limit and according to k
Shock absorber=1.21 (θ
Wedge)
1.76Lower limit.
(b) arrange k for four wedges with whole steel or iron damper surface
Shock absorberIntermediate range zone=1.81 (θ
Wedge)
1.76(+/-20%).
(c) arrange that for four wedges envelope has according to k with the non-metal damper surface that for example is similar to brake lining
Shock absorber=4.84 (θ
Wedge)
1.64The upper limit and according to k
Shock absorber=2.42 (θ
Wedge)
1.64Lower limit, wherein, the described angle of wedge can 30 to 60 the degree scopes in.
(d) arrange k for four wedges with non-metal damper surface
Shock absorberIntermediate range zone=3.63 (θ
Wedge)
1.64(+/-20%).
K wherein
Shock absorberBe the lateral springs rigidity under each shock absorber, unit is pound/inch/shock absorber.
The θ wedge is first angle of wedge that is associated, and unit is degree.
The θ wedge can tend to be positioned at the scope of 30 to 60 degree.In other embodiment, θ
WedgeCan be in 35 to 55 scope, and in other additional embodiments, θ
WedgeCan be in the narrower range of 40 to 50 degree.
Can be useful be to have the extremely not different power of damping of vibrations up and down, and the described in some cases power of damping of vibrations up and down trend is about equally.Depend on that shock absorber is load or unloading, the friction force of described shock absorber can be different.Springing under the described angle of wedge, friction coefficient and the described wedge can change.Because acting force of the spring increases, and the power that therefore acts on the shock absorber increases, so when described bolster moves down in described bogie side frame fenestra, described shock absorber quilt " load ".Similarly, described when described bolster is upwards shifted to the top of bogie side frame fenestra because application force reduces in the spring, described shock absorber is by " unloading ".Equation is expressed as follows:
When load:
When unloading:
Wherein, F
dFriction force on the=bogie side frame post
F
sApplication force in the=spring
μ
sFriction coefficient on the=bolster on the angled inclined-plane
μ
cFriction coefficient on the=bogie side frame post
On φ=described bolster angled and lean against angle between the friction face on the described lateral column
For given angle, friction load factor C
fCan be defined as C
f=F
d/ F
sDepend on that described bolster moves up or moves down this load-factor C
fTo tend to different.
Can be advantageously under unloaded and fully loaded situation, has different uprighting spring rate of strains.For this purpose, can use the spring of differing heights, thereby be that whole spring assembly produces for example two or more uprighting spring rate of strains.Like this, can be different at the dynamic response under the underloading compartment situation with the dynamic response of two kinds of spring rates of use under fully loaded compartment situation.Selectively, if use three kinds of (or more) spring rates, can exist in the middle dynamic response under the half loading situation.In an embodiment, each spring assembly can have first group of spring, and its drift is at least first height, and second group of spring, each described second group spring has the drift less than second height, the described first height small distance δ of described second aspect ratio
1Make described first group of spring will have the compression zone and second scope between first and second height, in the compression zone between described first and second height, the spring rate of spring assembly has first numerical value, it is each spring rate sum of described first group of spring, in described second scope, the spring rate of spring assembly is higher, and the spring rate of promptly described first group of spring assembly adds the spring rate of at least one its free height less than the spring of described second height.Different spring rate states can produce corresponding different vibration damping states.
For example, in an embodiment, the compartment has about 35,000 to about 55, the spring fixed pedestal weight of 000 pound (+/-5000 pounds) (promptly, the car body weight that does not comprise the not cargo of non-spring supported weight under the main spring of for example bogie side frame and wheel set), the described compartment height that can have first's spring surpasses the spring assembly of first height.Described first highly can be at for example about 9-
3/
4To 10-
1/
4In the scope of inch.When unloading ground, described compartment was positioned on its bogie truck, each length of spring compressed was to described first height.When described compartment moves under underloading compartment situation, the first of described spring can tend to vertical resilience, inclination-and-mode of vibration, side on oscillation determines the dynamic response in described compartment, and can influence bogie truck swing performance.Spring rate in described first mode can be in the scope of about 12,000 to 22,000 pounds/in., and can be in the scope of 15,000 to 20,000 pounds/in..
When described compartment more during the load of important place, summation for example fixing when spring and variable supported weight surpasses critical value, it can be equivalent to per car railway carriage or compartment weight about 60,000 to 100,000 pound (promptly when not working, each spring assembly bears 15,000 to 25,000 pound static symmetrical carrying capacity) in the scope, each spring can be compressed to or surpass second highly.Described second highly can be at for example about 8-
1/
2To 9-
3/
4In the scope of inch.At this moment, the spring supported weight is enough to make the other a part of spring in total spring assembly to begin bending, described other a part of spring can be some or all of residue spring, the spring rate constant of the cluster spring group of compressed each spring can tend to different at present in this second mode, and greater than the spring rate in first state.For example, should can be in the scope of about 20,000 to 30,000 pounds/in. than the big spring rate of strain, and can be used for surpassing in fixing and variable load summation dynamic response is provided when state changes critical value.The scope of described second state can be from described critical value to a certain bigger numerical value, under the situation of 110 tons of bogie trucks, it can tend to the upper limit of about every bogie truck 130,000 or 135,000 pounds.For 100 tons of bogie trucks, this numerical value can for revolution to frame 115,000 or 120,000 pounds.
Table 1 has provided the form that can be used on 100 or 110 tons of many spring assembly in the bogie truck, and described spring assembly has 3 * 3 spring arrangements of symmetry and comprises four jiaos of shock absorbers in the group.Final race in the table 1 is 2: 3: 2 spring arrangements of symmetry.Term " side spring " is meant each spring or each spring assembly below the independent shock absorber that supports of spring, and term " main spring " is meant the spring or the spring assembly of each main coil spring group:
| Group | D7-G1 | D7-G2 | D7-G3 | D7-G4 | D7-G5 | D5-G1 |
| Main spring | 5 *D7-O | 5 *D7-O | 5 *D7-O | 5 *D7-O | 5 *D7-O | 5 *D5-O |
| 5 *D6-I | 5 *D6-I | 5 *D8-I | 5 *D8-I | 5 *D7-I | 5 *D6-I | |
| 5 *D6A | 5 *D6A | 5 *D8A | 5 *D8A | 5 *D8A | --- | |
| The side spring | 4 *B353 | 4 *B353 | 4 *NSC-1 | 4 *B353 | 4 *B353 | 4 *B432 |
| --- | 4 *B354 | 4 *B354 | 4 *NSC-2 | 4 *NSC-2 | 4 *B433 |
| Group | D5-G2 | D5-G3 | D5-G4 | D5-G5 | D5-G6 | D5-G7 |
| Main spring | 5 *D5-O | 5 *D5-O | 5 *D5-O | 5 *D5-O | 5 *D5-O | 5 *D5-O |
| 5 *D6-I | 5 *D6-I | 5 *D8-I | 5 *D8-I | 5 *D6-I | 5 *D6-I | |
| 5 *D6A | --- | 5 *D8A | 5 *D6A | 5 *D6A | --- | |
| The side spring | 4 *B432 | 4 *B353 | 4 *B353 | 4 *B353 | 4 *B353 | 4 *B353 |
| 4 *B433 | 4 *B354 | 4 *B354 | 4 *B354 | 4 *B354 | 4 *B354 |
| Group | D5-G8 | D5-G9 | D5-G10 | D5-G11 | D5-G12 | No.3 |
| Main spring | 5 *D5-O | 5 *D5-O | 5 *D5-O | 5 *D5-O | 5 *D5-O | 3 *D51-O |
| 5 *D6-I | 5 *D6-I | 5 *D8-I | 5 *D8-I | 5 *D5-I | 3 *D61-I | |
| 5 *D6B | 5 *D6A | 5 *D8A | 5 *D8A | 5 *D6B | 3 *D61A | |
| The side spring | 4 *NSC-1 | 4 *NSC-1 | 4 *NSC-1 | 4 *NSC-1 | 4 *B353 | 4 *B353-O |
| 4 *NSC-2 | 4 *B354 | 4 *B354 | 4 *NSC-2 | 4 *NSC-2 | 4 *B354-I |
The combination of table 1-spring assembly
In this table, term NSC-1, NSC-2, D8, D8A and D6B are meant the off-standard size of the spring that is proposed by the inventor.The feature of these springs is given among table 2a (main spring) and the 2b (side spring) with the feature of other springs of table 1.
| Main spring | Free height | Spring rate | The compacting height | Free height and compacting diff-H | Compaction force | Diameter | The d-linear diameter |
| (in) | (pound/in) | (in) | (in) | (pound) | (in) | (in) | |
| Outside the D5 | 10.2500 | 2241.6 | 6.5625 | 3.6875 | 8266 | 5.500 | 0.9531 |
| Outside the D51 | 10.2500 | 2980.6 | 6.5625 | 3.6875 | 10991 | 5.500 | 1.0000 |
| In the D5 | 10.3125 | 1121.6 | 6.5625 | 3.7500 | 4206 | 3.3750 | 0.6250 |
| In the D6 | 9.9375 | 1395.2 | 6.5625 | 3.3750 | 4709 | 3.4375 | 0.6563 |
| In the D61 | 10.1875 | 1835.9 | 6.5625 | 3.6250 | 6655 | 3.4375 | 0.6875 |
| Main spring | Free height | Spring rate | The compacting height | Free height and compacting diff-H | Compaction force | Diameter | The d-linear diameter |
| (in) | (pound/in) | (in) | (in) | (pound) | (in) | (in) | |
| In in the D6A | 9.0000 | 463.7 | 5.6875 | 3.3125 | 1536 | 2.0000 | 0.3750 |
| In in the D61A | 10.0000 | 823.6 | 6.5625 | 3.4375 | 2831 | 2.0000 | 0.3750 |
| Outside the D7 | 10.8125 | 2033.6 | 6.5625 | 4.2500 | 8643 | 5.5000 | 0.9375 |
| In the D7 | 10.7500 | 980.8 | 6.5625 | 4.1875 | 4107 | 3.5000 | 0.6250 |
| In in the D6B | 9.7500 | 575.0 | 6.5625 | 3.1875 | 1833 | 2.0000 | 0.3940 |
| In the D8 | 9.5500 | 1395.0 | 6.5625 | 2.9875 | 4168 | 3.4375 | 0.6563 |
| In in the D8 | 9.2000 | 575.0 | 6.5625 | 2.6375 | 1517 | 2.0000 | 0.3940 |
Table 2a main spring parameter
| The side spring | Free height | Spring rate | The compacting height | Free height and compacting diff-H | Compaction force | Coil diameter | The d-linear diameter |
| (in) | (pound/in) | (in) | (in) | (pound) | (in) | (in) | |
| Outside the B353 | 11.1875 | 1358.4 | 6.5625 | 4.6250 | 6283 | 4.8750 | 0.8125 |
| In the B354 | 11.5000 | 577.6 | 6.5625 | 4.9375 | 2852 | 3.1250 | 0.5313 |
| Outside the B355 | 10.7500 | 1358.8 | 6.5625 | 4.1875 | 5690 | 4.8750 | 0.8125 |
| In the B356 | 10.2500 | 913.4 | 6.5625 | 3.6875 | 3368 | 3.1250 | 0.5625 |
| Outside the B432 | 11.0625 | 1030.4 | 6.5625 | 4.5000 | 4637 | 3.8750 | 0.6719 |
| In the B433 | 11.3750 | 459.2 | 6.5625 | 4.8125 | 2210 | 2.4063 | 0.4375 |
| Outside the 49427-1 | 11.3125 | 1359.0 | 6.5625 | 4.7500 | 6455 | ||
| In the 49427-2 | 10.8125 | 805.0 | 6.5625 | 4.2500 | 3421 | ||
| Outside the B358 | 10.7500 | 1546.0 | 6.5625 | 4.1875 | 6474 | 5.0000 | 0.8438 |
| In the B359 | 11.3750 | 537.5 | 6.5625 | 4.8125 | 2587 | 3.1875 | 0.5313 |
| Outside the 52310-1 | 11.3125 | 855.0 | 6.5625 | 4.7500 | 4061 | ||
| In the 52310-2 | 8.7500 | 2444.0 | 6.5625 | 2.1875 | 5346 | ||
| Outside the 11-1-0562 | 12.5625 | 997.0 | 6.5625 | 6.0000 | 5982 | ||
| Outside the 11-1-0563 | 12.6875 | 480.0 | 6.5625 | 6.1250 | 2940 | ||
| Outside the NSC-1 | 11.1875 | 952.0 | 6.5625 | 4.6250 | 4403 | 4.8750 | 0.7650 |
| In the NSC-2 | 11.5000 | 300.0 | 6.5625 | 4.9375 | 1481 | 3.0350 | 0.4580 |
Table 2b-side spring parameter
Table 3 provides the parameter of bogie tabulation of the bogie truck that the many known bogie trucks and the inventor propose.In first example, the bogie truck embodiment that is denoted as No.1 can be considered to use four jiaos of shock absorber wedges of arranging, and wherein, first angle of wedge is that 45 degree (+/-) and described shock absorber wedge have the steel stayed surface.In second example, the embodiment that is denoted as No.2 can be considered to use four jiaos of shock absorber wedges of arranging, and wherein, first angle of wedge is 40 degree (+/-), and described shock absorber wedge has the non-metal stayed surface.
| The NACO hunting motion | Barber S-2-E | Barber S-2-HD | ASF Super Service RideMaster | The ASF motion control | No.1 | No.2 | No.3 2∶3∶2 | |
| Main spring | 6 *D7-O | 7 *D5-O | 6 *D5-O | 7 *D5-O | 7 *D5-O | 5 *D5-O | 5 *D5-O | 3 *D51-O |
| 7 *D7-I | 7 *D5-I | 7 *D6-I | 7 *D5-I | 5 *D5-I | 5 *D8-I | 5 *D6-I | 3 *D61-I | |
| 4 *D6A | 4 *D6A | 2 *D6A | 5 *D8A | 5 *D6A | 3 *D61-A | |||
| The side spring | 2 *49427-1 | 2 *B353 | 2 *B353 | 2 *5062 | 2 *5062 | 2 *NSC-1 | 4 *B353 | 4 *B353 |
| 2 *49427-2 | 2 *B354 | 2 *B354 | 2 *5063 | 2 *5063 | 2 *B354 | 4 *B354 | 4 *B354 | |
| k Empty | 22414 | 27414 | 27088 | 26496 | 24253 | 17326 | 18952 | 22194 |
| k Load | 25197 | 27414 | 28943 | 27423 | 24253 | 27177 | 28247 | 24664 |
| Compacting | 103,034 | 105,572 | 105,347 | 107,408 | 96,735 | 98,773 | 107,063 | 97,970 |
| H Empty | 10.3504 | 9.9898 | 9.8558 | 10.0925 | 10.0721 | 9.9523 | 10.0583 | 10.0707 |
| H Load | 7.9886 | 7.9562 | 7.8748 | 8.0226 | 7.7734 | 7.7181 | 7.9679 | 7.8033 |
| k w | 4328 | 3872 | 3872 | 2954 | 2954 | 6118 | 7744 | 7744 |
| k w/k Load | 17.18 | 14.12 | 13.38 | 10.77 | 1218 | 22.51 | 27.42 | 31.40 |
| Wedge α | 45 | 32 | 32 | 37.5 | 37.5 | 45 | 40 | 45 |
| F D(descending) | 1549 | 3291 | 3291 | 1711 | 1711 | 2392 | 2455 | 2522 |
| F D(on) | 1515 | 1742 | 1742 | 1202 | 1202 | 2080 | 2741 | 2079 |
| Total (F D) | 3064 | 5033 | 5033 | 2913 | 2913 | 4472 | 5196 | 4601 |
Table 3-parameter of bogie
In table 3, the form of main spring project is a number of springs, is thereafter types of springs.For example, in an embodiment, ASF Super Service Ride Master has the spring of type in the spring of the outer type of 7 D5,7 the D5, it is inserted in the inside of type spring outside described each D5, and the spring of 2 D6A Nei-Nei types, it is inserted in the inside of type spring in the centre row's row of bolster line of centers (promptly along) described D5.Its also have the side spring of 2 5052 outer types and 2 be inserted in outside described 5062 type spring inner 5063 in the spring of type.The intermediate member of side row below the shock absorber wedge that described side spring is a central mounting.
k
EmptyBe the overall spring rate of the spring assembly in underloading (that is, sky) compartment, unit is pound/in.
k
LoadBe the spring rate of fully loaded situation lower spring group, unit is pound/in.
" compacting " arrives the compaction state limit in following time for each length of spring compressed, and unit is a pound.
H
EmptyBe the underloading carriage status spring height in following time.
H
LoadBe the static fully laden spring height in following time.
k
wOverall spring rate for each spring under the shock absorber.
K
w/ k
LoadFor when the loading condition, the ratio of the spring rate of the spring under the shock absorber and total spring rate of spring assembly, its unit are percentage.
The described angle of wedge is first jiao of wedge, and its unit is an angle.
F
DBe the friction force on the bogie side frame post.It is given in the table at the numerical value of direction up and down, and last row has provided the sum of described numerical value up and down addition.
In the various embodiment of the bogie truck of for example bogie truck 22, elastic interface between each bogie side frame and the truck bolster end that is associated with it can comprise four jiaos of shock absorber layouts and 3 * 3 spring assembly, and described spring assembly has in one of them spring assembly described in the table 1.Described each marshalling can have wedge, first jiao of scope that is positioned at 30 to 60 degree of described wedge, or narrower ground, and in the scope of 35 to 55 degree, still narrowlyer, and in the scope of 40 to 50 degree, maybe can be selected from the angle group of 32,36,40 or 45 degree.Described each wedge can have the steel surface, and for example maybe can having, the friction of nonmetallic surface improves the surface.
The combination of each wedge and side spring can make spring rate under the described side spring be spring assembly total spring rate 20% or more than.It can be in 20 to 30% scope of described total spring rate.In certain embodiments, when bolster moved down, for fully loaded compartment, the combination of each wedge and side spring can make the total frictional force of the shock absorber in the spring assembly less than 3000 pounds.In other embodiments, the arithmetic sum downward and upwards friction force of the shock absorber in the spring assembly is less than 5500 pounds.
In some embodiment that uses steel face shock absorber, the summation of friction force size can be in 4000 to 5000 pounds scope up and down.In certain embodiments, the size of the friction force when bolster moves up can be in 2/3 to 3/2 scope of the friction force size when described bolster moves down.In certain embodiments, Fd (on)/ratio of Fd (descending) can be in 3/4 to 5/4 scope.In certain embodiments, Fd (on)/ratio of Fd (descending) can be in 4/5 to 6/5 scope, and at some embodiment, described Fd (on) and the size of Fd (descending) can equate basically.
In some embodiment that uses the non-metallic friction surface, the summation of friction force size can be in 4000 to 5500 pounds scope up and down.In certain embodiments, the big or small Fd of the friction force when bolster moves up (on) with the ratio of the friction force size Fd (descend) of described bolster when moving down can be in 3/4 to 5/4 scope, can be in 0.85 to 1.15 scope.In addition, described each wedge can adopt second jiao and described second jiao can about 5 to 15 the degree scopes in.
No.1 and 2
The inventor thinks that the parameter combinations that is listed in No.1 in the table 3 and No.2 row is favourable.The No.1 row can use the shock absorber wedge and the bogie side frame post on steel to steel surface.The non-metallic friction surface that No.2 can use synthetic static state and dynamic friction coefficient to equate basically, described friction surface can tend to not manifest the stick-slip feature.The friction coefficient of the friction face on the described bogie side frame post can be about 0.3.The skewed surface of described wedge can also be worked on the non-metal stayed surface and can also be tended to not manifest the stick-slip feature.Static state on the described inclined-plane and dynamic friction coefficient can equate basically equally, and can be about 0.2.Described wedge can have second jiao and described second jiao can be about 10 degree.
No.3
In certain embodiments, can there be 2: 3: 2 spring assembly to arrange.In this arrangement, described damper spring can be arranged in four jiaos of layouts, and wherein, each is not separated by middle main spring coil damper spring, and it is installed side by side, no matter described shock absorber abuts against together or by separator or interfere piece spare to be separated.Three main spring coils arranging along the bolster longitudinal centerline can be arranged.Described spring can criteria of right and wrong spring and can be included in and be denoted as the outer, interior and interior-inner spring of D51-O, D61-I and D61-A in the above-mentioned table 1,2 and 3 respectively.No.3 arranges and can comprise having steel-wedge of steel frictional interface, on described frictional interface, dynamic friction coefficient on the vertical plane can be in 0.30 to 0.40 scope, and can be about 0.38, and the dynamic friction coefficient on the inclined-plane can be in 0.12 to 0.20 scope, and can be about 0.15.Its angle of wedge can be in the scopes of 45 to 60 degree, and can be about 50 to 55 degree.The wedge of selected 50 if (+/-) degree, up and down friction force can approximately equate (that is, and aviation value 10% in), and can have in about 4600 summations in about 4800lbs scope, its summation can be about 4700 pounds (+/-50).If selected 55 degree (+/-) wedge, friction force can also equate (be aviation value 10% in) basically up and down, and has the summation in 3700 to 4100 pounds of scopes, itself and can be about 3850 to 3900 pounds.
Selectively, in adopting other embodiment of 2: 3: 2 spring arrangements, can use the non-metal wedge.Described wedge can have the dynamic friction coefficient of the vertical plane opposite side trestle in 0.25 to 0.35 scope, and it can be about 0.30.The dynamic friction coefficient on described inclined-plane can be in 0.08 to 0.15 scope, and can be about 0.10.Can use about 35 and about 50 the degree between the angle of wedge.The described angle of wedge can be about 40 between about 45 degree.At the described angle of wedge is among the embodiment of about 40 degree, up and down kinetic force of friction can have the aviation value of described friction force up and down 20% with interior size, and its summation can be positioned at about 5400 to about 5800 pounds scope, and it can be about 5600 pounds (+/-100).At the described angle of wedge is among another embodiment of about 45 degree, up and down kinetic force of friction separately the size can they aviation value 20% in, and its summation can be positioned at about 440 to 4800 pounds scope, and can be about 4600 pounds (+/-100).
Combination and permutation
Many examples of shock absorber and bearing seat layout have been recorded and narrated in this explanation.All features do not need simultaneously and deposit, and the combination that can have plurality of optional to select.Therefore, under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the invention, can make up feature with the embodiment that matches several different accompanying drawings.For avoiding unnecessary illustrative purposes, be understandable that various shock absorber profiles can be with 2 * 4,3 * 3, the spring assembly of 3: 2: 3,2: 3: 2,3 * 5 spring assembly or other layouts is used.Similarly, bearing seat to several modification of drawing strickle guide seated connection mouth layout are described and are illustrated.There are the many possible combination and permutation that shock absorber is arranged and bearing seat is arranged.In this connection, be understandable that, do not needing further to increase under the situation of accompanying drawing and explanation and can make up various features.
The various embodiment of this explanation can adopt be used in combination with shock absorber turn to device certainly, described shock absorber can tend to manifest seldom or do not manifest the stick-slip feature." Penny " pad or other neoprene cushion devices that are used to provide from turning to can be provided various embodiment.Selectively, various embodiment can use the bidirectional swinging device, and it can comprise having the surface-supported goods of furniture for display rather than for use that is formed on the compound curved surface, and several examples of described compound curved surface have been done explanation and description at this.In addition, the various embodiment of this explanation can adopt with from turn to device and especially with the bidirectional swinging of for example compound curved surface goods of furniture for display rather than for use from four jiaos of shock absorber wedge devices that turn to device to be used in combination, described four jiaos of shock absorber wedge devices can comprise the stayed surface with non-stick-slip character.
Among the various embodiment of said bogie truck, show the described flat bolster inboard and the outside that is installed in the scuff panel of described bogie side frame post.Among the embodiment shown here, desirablely be, gap between described flat and the described side plate is enough to make truck bolster have at least 3/4 with respect to wheel to the infeed stroke of the either side at center " the motion surplus; advantageously; allow stroke to the either side at center greater than 1 inch, and can allow to the stroke of the either side at center about 1 or the scope of 1-1/8 " to about 1-5/8 or 1-9/16 " inch in.
That the inventor advocates at present is the embodiment with combination of two-way curvature of space goods of furniture for display rather than for use surface and four jiaos of damper means, in described four jiaos of damper means, shock absorber has and can tend to manifest very little or do not manifest the friction lining face of stick-slip feature, and can have the inclined-plane that low relatively friction support face is arranged.Yet the feature of example shown here has many possible combination and permutation.Think that usually discharge geometry can be preferable over the geometric configuration that is formed with the cavity and needs discharge orifice automatically.
Shown here and the explanation each bogie truck in, overall ride quality can depend on the interrelation of spring assembly layout and physical property, or shock absorber is arranged and the interrelation of performance, or above both, and in conjunction with the behavioral characteristics of bearing seat to drawing strickle guide seated connection mouth assembly.Advantageously, can make the lateral shear rigidity of the lateral stiffness of the bogie side frame that acts on as pendulum less than spring assembly.In railway carriage with 110 tons of bogie trucks, embodiment can combine with the shown here and illustrated two-way bearing seat embodiment to drawing strickle guide seated connection mouth assembly, use the bogie truck of uprighting spring group rigidity in 16,000 pounds/inch to 36,000 pounds/inch scopes.In another was implemented, the vertical rigidity of each spring assembly can be less than 12,000 pounds/inch, and horizontal shearing rigidity is less than 6000 pounds/inch.
Dual damper means as implied above can also be changed into and comprise and be illustrated in " 1997 compartments and locomotive cyc " any four types damper means of 715 pages, this information is incorporated herein herein by reference, and dual shock absorber carried out the change of structure, each shock absorber is supported on the single spring.That is to say, though the bolster running-on of skewed surface and the wedge that is installed on the main spring are illustrated and describe, friction shoe spare self can on even keel, spring biasing ground is installed in the interior running-on of bolster, and it is installed on the independent springing, rather than on the main spring.Selectively, drag wedge can be installed in the bogie side frame along orientation that makes progress or downward orientation.
The embodiment of said and illustrated bogie truck can change to be suitable for dissimilar uses.The bogie truck performance can change significantly based on predetermined carrying capacity, wheelspan, spring stiffness, spring arrangement, goods of furniture for display rather than for use geometric configuration, shock absorber layout and shock absorber geometric configuration.
Various embodiment of the present invention is explained.Since under the situation that does not break away from character of the present invention, essence or scope, can change and replenish above-mentioned preferred plan, thus the invention is not restricted to described detailed description, and only be subject to appended claim.
Claims (70)
1, a kind of side frame guide (sideframe pedestal) that is used for the three-member type steering rack for train carriage is to the Axle bearing interface module, and described interface module has the parts that are used for swinging in the horizontal and vertical directions.
2, side frame guide is to the Axle bearing interface module according to claim 1, and wherein, described assembly comprises the mating surfaces with composite curvature, and described composite curvature comprises the curvature of horizontal and horizontal both direction.
3, according to claim 1 side frame guide to the Axle bearing interface module, wherein, described assembly comprises at least one goods of furniture for display rather than for use and mating component, and described goods of furniture for display rather than for use contacts with a mating component point with mating component, described some contact member be movably during the rolling point of described mating component contacts.
4, as side frame guide as described in the claim 3 to the Axle bearing interface module, wherein, described some contact member with during the rolling point of described mating component contacts be not only laterally but also end wise movably.
5, side frame guide is to the Axle bearing interface module according to claim 1, and wherein, described parts comprise the saddle surface that can swing cooperation.
6, according to claim 1 side frame guide to the Axle bearing interface module, wherein, described parts comprise the nonreentrant surface with first composite curvature and have the recessed surface of cooperation of second composite curvature, joint is swung on described nonreentrant surface and recessed surface mutually, and one of them described surface comprises globular part at least.
7, side frame guide is to the Axle bearing interface module according to claim 1, and wherein, described parts are located away from the teeter of described parts with reversing with respect to the longitudinal oscillation campaign of vertical S. A..
8, side frame guide is to the Axle bearing interface module according to claim 1, and wherein, described parts comprise the force transmission interface, and described force transmission interface reverses submissive with respect to the twist moment around vertical axes.
9, side frame guide is to the Axle bearing interface module according to claim 1, and wherein, described assembly comprises the neoprene member.
10, a kind of hunting motion three-member type steering rack for train carriage, it has the truck bolster (truck bolster) of horizontal expansion, a pair of longitudinal extension bogie side frame, described truck bolster flexibly is installed on described bogie side frame, the wheel set of described bogie side frame is installed, be installed in the shock absorber group between described bolster and each the described bogie side frame, described shock absorber group has four jiaos of shock absorbers separately arranges, described wheel set to side frame guide interface module is used to permit the teeter of described bogie side frame and vertically turning to certainly of described wheel set.
11, a kind of three-member type steering rack for train carriage, it has the truck bolster that is installed between the bogie side frame, with the wheel set that described bogie side frame is installed, and wheel set is to the bogie side frame interface module, by described wheel set to bogie side frame interface module described bogie side frame is installed on the described wheel set, described bogie side frame to wheel set interface module comprises the pendulous device that allows described bogie side frame teeter, described pendulous device comprises first and second surfaces that swing engages, at least a portion of described first surface has the first curvature radius less than 30 inches, and described bogie side frame to wheel set interface comprises from turning to device.
12,, wherein, described from turning to device to have the application force-deflection feature that changes with described bogie side frame to the vertical load of wheel set interface module as three-member type steering rack for train carriage as described in the claim 11.
13, a kind of have from the three-member type railroad freight car bogie truck that turns to device, wherein, described from turning to device to comprise at least one vertical goods of furniture for display rather than for use.
14, a kind of have passively from turning to the three-member type railroad freight car bogie truck of device, described from turning to device to have linear force-deflection feature, and described application force-deflection feature changes as the function of the vertical load of described bogie truck.
15, as three-member type railroad freight car bogie truck as described in the claim 14, wherein, described application force-displacement characteristic changes linearly along with the vertical load of described bogie truck.
16,, wherein, described from turning to device to comprise swinging gear as three-member type railroad freight car bogie truck as described in the claim 14.
17, a kind of three-member type railroad freight car bogie truck, it has the truck bolster of horizontal expansion, bogie side frame on a pair of opposed end that is installed in and flexibly is connected described truck bolster, and wheel set, described bogie side frame is installed on the described wheel set at bogie side frame to wheel set interface module place, at least one described bogie side frame is installed in to the wheel set interface module between first first drawing strickle guide of first end of axletree of one of them described wheel set and described bogie side frame, described wheel set to bogie side frame interface module comprises that first line contact goods of furniture for display rather than for use device contacts the goods of furniture for display rather than for use device with second line, the described first line contact device is used to permit the teeter of described first bogie side frame, and the described second line contact device is used to permit described first end the vertically moving with respect to described first bogie side frame of described axletree.
18, as three-member type railroad freight car bogie truck as described in the claim 17, wherein, the described first and second goods of furniture for display rather than for use devices with reverse submissive member and install continuously, it is described that to reverse submissive member be submissive for the twist moment that applies around vertical axes.
19, as three-member type railroad freight car bogie truck as described in the claim 18, wherein, reverse compliant member and be installed between the described first and second goods of furniture for display rather than for use devices, the described compliant member of reversing is reversed submissive around vertical axes.
20, a kind of three-member type steering rack for train carriage, it has the truck bolster of horizontal expansion, and described truck bolster has first and second ends; Flexibly be installed in the bogie side frame of first and second longitudinal extensions of described first and second ends of described bolster respectively; And described bogie side frame is installed on the wheel set at bogie side frame to wheel set mounting interface assembly place; Four jiaos of shock absorber groups, it is installed between the corresponding bogie side frame that each is held and this end is mounted thereto of described truck bolster; And described bogie side frame to wheel set mounting interface assembly adapts to described wheel set with respect to the pivot offset of described bogie side frame around main vertical axes.
21, as three-member type steering rack for train carriage as described in the claim 20, wherein, described bogie truck does not have unsprung lateral cross part between described bogie side frame.
22, as three-member type steering rack for train carriage as described in the claim 20, wherein, described bogie side frame is mounted to teeter.
23, as three-member type steering rack for train carriage as described in the claim 22, wherein, described bogie side frame to wheel set mounting interface assembly comprises from turning to device.
24, a kind of three-member type steering rack for train carriage, it has the truck bolster that laterally is installed between a pair of bogie side frame, described truck bolster has the end, the described end of each of described truck bolster flexibly is installed on corresponding one of them described bogie side frame, described bogie truck has one group of shock absorber, the mode that described shock absorber is arranged with four jiaos of shock absorbers is installed between the corresponding bogie side frame with it in each described bolster end, each shock absorber has stayed surface, described stayed surface is mounted to when described bolster moves with respect to described bogie side frame and sentences the relation of essentially no stick-slip slidably against mating surfaces at frictional interface, each shock absorber has the seat portion that bias unit is installed thereon, to be used to making described stayed surface against described mating surfaces, the described bearing surface of described shock absorber has dynamic friction coefficient and static friction coefficient when described mating surfaces carries out work.
25, as bogie truck as described in the claim 24, wherein, the size of described each friction coefficient each other 10% within.
26, as bogie truck as described in the claim 24, wherein, described each friction coefficient equates basically.
27, as bogie truck as described in the claim 24, wherein, described each friction coefficient is positioned at 0.1 to 0.4 scope.
28, as bogie truck as described in the claim 24, wherein, described each friction coefficient is positioned at 0.2 to 0.35 scope.
29, as bogie truck as described in the claim 24, wherein, described bogie truck is for from turning to bogie truck.
30, as bogie truck as described in the claim 24, wherein, described bogie truck comprises bearing seat (bearingadapter) to the side frame guide interface, and described interface comprises from turning to device.
31, as bogie truck as described in the claim 24, wherein, described bogie truck has bearing seat to the side frame guide interface, and described interface comprises two-way goods of furniture for display rather than for use, and described goods of furniture for display rather than for use is used for allowing the teeter of described bogie side frame and allows turning to certainly of described bogie truck.
32, a kind of three-member type steering rack for train carriage, it has the bolster that laterally is installed between a pair of bogie side frame and is installed in wheel set on the described bogie side frame by wheel set to bogie side frame interface module, described interface module is used for permitting from turning to, described assembly has from turning to application force-deflection feature, the described function that is characterized as vertical load.
33, a kind of bearing seat that is used for steering rack for train carriage, described bearing seat has the body of the bearing that is used to be placed in the railway bogie wheel set, with the goods of furniture for display rather than for use that is installed on described body, described goods of furniture for display rather than for use has the swing surface, described swing surface described dorsad body when described goods of furniture for display rather than for use is installed on the described body, and described goods of furniture for display rather than for use is made by being different from the material of making described body.
34, a kind of three-member type steering rack for train carriage, it has the truck bolster that laterally is installed on a pair of bogie side frame, each described bogie side frame has vertical drawing strickle guide seated connection mouthpiece, with a pair of wheel set, described wheel set is installed on the described drawing strickle guide seated connection mouthpiece, described drawing strickle guide seated connection mouthpiece comprises goods of furniture for display rather than for use, and described goods of furniture for display rather than for use is used for allowing described bogie truck from turning to.
35, a kind of steering rack for train carriage, it has the truck bolster that laterally is installed between a pair of bogie side frame, and wheel set, described wheel set is installed on the described bogie side frame to permit described bogie truck along one group of railroad track rolling-operation, described bogie truck comprises the goods of furniture for display rather than for use that is installed between described bogie side frame and the described wheel set, and described goods of furniture for display rather than for use is used for allowing the teeter of described bogie side frame and allows turning to certainly of described bogie truck.
36, a kind of steering rack for train carriage, it has a pair of bogie side frame, a pair of wheel set, described wheel set has the end that is used to be installed on the described bogie side frame, with bogie side frame to the wheel set interface unit, described bogie side frame to wheel set interface unit comprises goods of furniture for display rather than for use, and described goods of furniture for display rather than for use has the described bogie side frame of permission to carry out first degree of freedom of teeter with respect to described wheel set and allow described wheel set end to carry out second degree of freedom of longitudinal oscillation with respect to described bogie side frame.
37, a kind of steering rack for train carriage, it has the goods of furniture for display rather than for use that is formed on the composite curvature, and described goods of furniture for display rather than for use is used for allowing turning to certainly of teeter in the described bogie truck and described bogie truck.
38, a kind of steering rack for train carriage, it has a pair of bogie side frame, a pair of wheel set, described wheel set has the end that is used to be installed on the described bogie side frame, with bogie side frame to the wheel set interface unit, described bogie side frame to wheel set interface unit comprises goods of furniture for display rather than for use, and described goods of furniture for display rather than for use has first degree of freedom and second degree of freedom that allows described wheel set end to carry out longitudinal oscillation with respect to described bogie side frame that allows described bogie side frame to carry out teeter, and described wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit has torsional compliance around main vertical axes.
39, a kind of swing steering rack for train carriage, it has the horizontal bolster of resilient mounting between a pair of bogie side frame, and a pair of wheel set that is installed on described bogie side frame at wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit place, described wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit comprises the swing goods of furniture for display rather than for use and turns to certainly to allow described bogie truck with the continuous neoprene member of installing of described swing goods of furniture for display rather than for use.
40, a kind of steering rack for train carriage, it has the horizontal bolster of resilient mounting between side frames, and be installed on wheel set on the described bogie side frame at wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit place, described bogie truck has spring assembly and shock absorber, described shock absorber be placed in the described bolster and by described spring assembly bias voltage to be resisted against on the described bogie side frame, described spring assembly comprises the first shock absorber biasing spring, first shock absorber of described shock absorber is placed on the described first shock absorber biasing spring, the described first shock absorber biasing spring has coil diameter, and described first shock absorber has 150% width greater than described coil diameter.
41, a kind of steering rack for train carriage, it has bolster, described bolster has the end of resilient mounting on a pair of bogie side frame, and be installed in wheel set on the described bogie side frame at wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit place, described wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit comprises two-way goods of furniture for display rather than for use, described two-way goods of furniture for display rather than for use allows the teeter of described bogie side frame and allows turning to certainly of described wheel set, and described bogie truck has four jiaos of shock absorbers of arranging at each place, end that is installed in described bolster.
42, as railway bogie as described in the claim 41, wherein, described interface unit reverses submissive around main vertical axes.
43, a kind of rotation is to steering rack for train carriage, its have resilient mounting between side frames horizontal installation bolster and be installed on the wheel set of described bogie side frame, described bogie side frame is mounted to respect to described wheel set teeter; Described bogie truck has the friction shock absorber that is installed between described bolster and the described bogie side frame, and described friction shock absorber has static state and dynamic friction coefficient, and described static state and dynamic friction coefficient equate basically.
44, a kind of rotation is to steering rack for train carriage, its have resilient mounting between side frames horizontal installation bolster and be installed on the wheel set of described bogie side frame, described bogie side frame is mounted to respect to described wheel set teeter; Described bogie truck has the friction shock absorber that is installed between described bolster and the described bogie side frame, and described friction shock absorber has static friction coefficient μ
sWith dynamic friction coefficient μ
k, and μ
s/ μ
kRatio be in 1.0 to 1.1 the scope.
45, a kind of rotation is to steering rack for train carriage, it has the horizontal installation bolster of resilient mounting between side frames, with the wheel set that is installed on the described bogie side frame, described bogie side frame is mounted to respect to described wheel set teeter, described bogie truck has friction shock absorber, and described friction shock absorber is installed between described bolster and the described bogie side frame with the cliding friction relation of essentially no stick-slip feature.
46, as rotation as described in the claim 45 to steering rack for train carriage, wherein, described bolster has the bolster running-on that is formed on wherein, to be used to hold described shock absorber, described friction shock absorber comprises the friction shock absorber wedge, described friction shock absorber wedge has first of engaging with one of them described bogie side frame and second inclined-plane that engages with the bolster running-on, and described inclined-plane is installed in the described bolster running-on with the cliding friction of essentially no stick-slip feature relation.
47, a kind of rotation is to steering rack for train carriage, it has the bolster that is installed between a pair of bogie side frame, with be installed on the described bogie side frame with wheel set along the railroad track rolling movement, described wheel set is installed on described bogie side frame at wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit place, be used for allowing described bogie truck teeter, described bogie truck has one group of friction shock absorber that is installed between described bolster and each the described bogie side frame, described friction shock absorber has second in the bolster running-on that keeps first of cliding friction relation with described bogie side frame and be placed in described bolster, described first when having static friction coefficient and dynamic friction coefficient as the time spent with engaging with described bogie side frame, described first described static state and dynamic friction coefficient differ less than 10%, and described second has static friction coefficient and dynamic friction coefficient in being installed in described bolster running-on the time, and described second described static state and dynamic friction coefficient differ less than 10%.
48, as steering rack for train carriage as described in the claim 47, wherein, described first described static state and dynamic friction coefficient equate basically.
49, a kind of rotation is to steering rack for train carriage, it has the bolster that is installed between a pair of bogie side frame, with be installed on described bogie side frame with wheel set along the railroad track rolling movement, described wheel set is installed on described bogie side frame at wheel set to bogie side frame interface unit place, be used for allowing the teeter of described bogie truck, described bogie truck has one group of friction shock absorber that is installed between described bolster and each the described bogie side frame, described friction shock absorber has second in the bolster running-on that keeps first of friction law slidably with described bogie side frame and be placed in described bolster, described first and described bogie side frame are cooperated jointly and are in essentially no stick slip behavior, and described second and described bolster running-on are in essentially no stick slip behavior.
50, a kind of steering rack for train carriage bearing seat goods of furniture for display rather than for use, described goods of furniture for display rather than for use have swing surface, and described swing surface engages with the mating surfaces of the drawing strickle guide seat of the bogie side frame of steering rack for train carriage, and described swing is surperficial to have the composite curvature of the not only vertical but also teeter of permission.
51, a kind of steering rack for train carriage drawing strickle guide seat goods of furniture for display rather than for use, described goods of furniture for display rather than for use have swing surface, and described swing surface engages with the mating surfaces of the bearing seat of steering rack for train carriage, and described swing is surperficial to have the composite curvature of the not only vertical but also teeter of permission.
52, a kind of railroad freight car bogie truck, it has the wheel set that is installed in a pair of bogie side frame, described bogie side frame has the drawing strickle guide that holds described wheel set, described drawing strickle guide has the drawing strickle guide fixing device, described fixing device comprises side frame guide fixing device thrust block seat, described wheel set has assembling thereon to be installed in the bearing seat between the described fixing device, described side frame guide has the seat of the drawing strickle guide separately member that swingingly cooperates with described bearing seat, and described bogie truck has the member that is installed between described fixing device and the described bearing seat described bearing seat is pushed to the centering position with respect to described drawing strickle guide seat.
53, a kind of wheel set that is used for steering rack for train carriage is to the bogie side frame interface module, and described interface module comprises:
The drawing strickle guide seat of bearing seat and cooperation;
Described bearing seat has first and second ends, and described first and second ends form interlocking and insert between a pair of drawing strickle guide fixing device of railway or bogie side frame;
Described bearing seat has first oscillating structural member;
Described drawing strickle guide seat has second oscillating structural member;
Described first and second oscillating structural members can engage ordinatedly to allow to carry out betwixt horizontal and vertical swing;
Be installed in the elastic component between described bearing seat and the described drawing strickle guide seat;
Described elastic component has the described first end engaging portion that forms with described bearing seat;
Described elastic component has the accommodating chamber of formation therein to allow the joint ordinatedly of described first and second oscillating structural members.
54, as wheel set as described in the claim 53 to the bogie side frame interface module, wherein, described spring member has first and second ends, described first and second ends form between the drawing strickle guide fixing device that is interposed in described bearing seat and described bogie side frame.
55, a kind of wheel set that is used for steering rack for train carriage is to the bogie side frame interface module, and described interface module comprises:
Bearing seat, drawing strickle guide seat and elastic component;
Described bearing seat has first and second ends, each described first and second end has the end wall that is connect boundary's support by a pair of turning, described end wall and turning connect boundary's cooperation to form groove, and described groove allows described bearing seat to be inserted between a pair of thrust ear (thrust lug) of side frame guide;
Described bearing seat has first oscillating structural member;
Described drawing strickle guide seat has second oscillating structural member to engage with described first oscillating structural member;
Described first and second oscillating structural members are used for swinging so that described steering rack for train carriage turns to respect to the bogie side frame end wise when engaging;
Described elastic component has first end, and it can engage with between first end and the first drawing strickle guide fixing device thrust ear that are interposed in described bearing seat with described first end of described bearing seat;
Described elastic component has the second end, and it can engage with between second end and the second drawing strickle guide fixing device thrust ear that are interposed in described bearing seat with described second end of described bearing seat;
Described elastic component has the pars intermedia between described first and second ends; And
Described pars intermedia forms the cooperation swing that is suitable for described first and second oscillating structural members and engages.
56, a kind of and be used for the common cushion that uses of bearing seat of steering rack for train carriage, described bearing seat has goods of furniture for display rather than for use, described goods of furniture for display rather than for use is swung ordinatedly with the goods of furniture for display rather than for use of drawing strickle guide seat and is engaged, described cushion has first one of closing with first termination of described bearing seat and second one of closing with second termination of described bearing seat, and the pars intermedia between described first and second ends, described pars intermedia forms the engage that is suitable for described goods of furniture for display rather than for use.
57, a kind of wheel set is to the bogie side frame interface module, and described assembly comprises:
Be installed in the drawing strickle guide seat in the steering rack for train carriage side frame guide top;
Be installed on the bearing seat on the bearing of wheel set of steering rack for train carriage;
And the elastic component that is installed on described bearing seat;
Described bearing seat has first goods of furniture for display rather than for use that engages described seat with the swing relation;
Described bearing seat has first end and second end, and what each described end had end wall and a described end wall of a pair of support meets the boundary to form groove, makes described bearing be slidably inserted between a pair of side frame guide fixing device thrust ear;
Described elastic component has first one, and described first one cooperates to be interposed between described bearing seat and the thrust ear with described first end of described bearing seat;
Described elastic component has and second one of described first bonded assembly;
Described second one covers at least in part when mounted and puts on described bearing seat.
58, a kind of bearing seat that is used for being installed in the steering rack for train carriage side frame guide, described bearing seat have with the pieceable top of drawing strickle guide seat and with the pieceable bottom of bearing shell, described bottom has the summit, described bottom comprise with first first platform (land) that engages of described bearing shell and with second second platform that engages of described bearing shell, described first platform is positioned at a side on described summit, described second platform is positioned at an other side on described summit, and at least one groove is between described first and second platforms.
59, a kind of assembly that is used to improve steering rack for train carriage, it has the neoprene member that is installed on the bearing seat, described assembly comprises the bearing seat and the drawing strickle guide seat of cooperation, described bearing seat and described drawing strickle guide seat have the two-way goods of furniture for display rather than for use that can cooperate, and described drawing strickle guide seat has the section depth greater than 1/2 inch.
60, a kind of steering rack for train carriage, it has the bogie side frame of bolster and a pair of cooperation, described bogie side frame is installed on the wheel set with along the railroad track rolling-operation, described bogie truck has the goods of furniture for display rather than for use that is installed between the described bogie side frame to allow described bogie side frame teeter, described bogie truck does not use horizontal nonelastic supporting traverse between described bogie side frame, described bogie side frame has the high L of lateral oscillations, the high L of described pendulum measures in mass loading and passes between the upper position of the lower position at described bogie side frame place and the described goods of furniture for display rather than for use that vertical antagonistic force passes to described bogie side frame place, described goods of furniture for display rather than for use comprises male member, and described male member has radius of curvature r
1, and r
1With the ratio of L less than 3.
61, as steering rack for train carriage as described in the claim 60, wherein, described goods of furniture for display rather than for use has the female member with described male member engage, and described female member has greater than r
1Radius of curvature R
1, and factor [(1/L)/((1/r
1)-(1/R
1))] less than 3.
62, as steering rack for train carriage as described in the claim 61, wherein, R
1Be at least r
14/3, and r
1Greater than 15 inches.
63, as steering rack for train carriage as described in the claim 62, wherein, R
1Between 15 and 45 inches.
64, a kind ofly be used for side frame guide on the three-member type steering rack for train carriage to the Axle bearing interface module, described interface module has and had been used for not only laterally but also the parts of longitudinal oscillation, and described interface module comprises bearing assembly, and described bearing assembly has one of them the swing surface that is integrally formed on it.
65, as side frame guide as described in the claim 64 to the Axle bearing interface module, wherein, described assembly comprises the elastic biasing member.
66, a kind ofly be used for side frame guide on the three-member type steering rack for train carriage to the Axle bearing interface module, described interface module has the swing of cooperation surface, described assembly comprises the bearing at end that is installed in the wheel countershaft, described bearing has outer shroud, and one of them described swing surface with respect to described bearing rigidity fix.
67, a kind of bearing of an end of axletree of the wheel set that is installed in the three-member type steering rack for train carriage, described bearing has external member, described external member is installed in the position that rotate with respect to this external member the end that allows described axletree, and described external member has formation swing surface thereon to engage with the rolling contact surfaces that cooperates of the drawing strickle guide seat member of the bogie side frame of described three-member type bogie truck.
68, as bearing as described in the claim 67, wherein, described bearing has the pivot center consistent with the cener line of described axletree, and described surface have from the radial distance of described center of turn for minimum zone and described zone and its either side angle be adjacent to positive derivative dr/d θ between this regional each point.
69, as bearing as described in the claim 67 and as described in the combination of drawing strickle guide seat, wherein, described bearing has turning cylinder, the described lip-deep primary importance of described bearing all radially more approaches described pivot center than other any positions on it, first distance L is defined as the distance between described turning cylinder and the described primary importance, the described surface of described bearing and the described surface of described drawing strickle guide seat have radius of curvature separately and cooperate with protruding and recessed relation, and a radius of curvature is the convex curvature radius r
1, another radius of curvature is recessed radius of curvature R
2, r
1Greater than L, R
2Greater than r
1, and L, r
1And R
2Follow formula L
-1-(r
1 -1-R
2 -1)＞0.
70, as combination as described in the claim 69, wherein, can cooperate to allow from turning in described swing surface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210176649.XA CN102700560B (en) | 2003-07-08 | 2004-07-08 | For being arranged on bearing seat in rail road car truck sideframe drawing strickle guide and bogie truck thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2,434,603 | 2003-07-08 | ||
| CA2434603 | 2003-07-08 | ||
| CA2,436,327 | 2003-07-31 | ||
| CA2436327 | 2003-07-31 | ||
| CA2,454,472 | 2003-12-24 | ||
| CA2454472A CA2454472C (en) | 2003-12-24 | 2003-12-24 | Rail road car truck |
| PCT/CA2004/000995 WO2005005219A2 (en) | 2003-07-08 | 2004-07-08 | Rail road car truck and members thereof |
Related Child Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210176634.3A Division CN102774394B (en) | 2003-07-08 | 2004-07-08 | Rail road car truck with self-steering equipment |
| CN201210176649.XA Division CN102700560B (en) | 2003-07-08 | 2004-07-08 | For being arranged on bearing seat in rail road car truck sideframe drawing strickle guide and bogie truck thereof |
| CN201210176624.XA Division CN102765403B (en) | 2003-07-08 | 2004-07-08 | Steering rack for train carriage and its component |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1845843A true CN1845843A (en) | 2006-10-11 |
| CN1845843B CN1845843B (en) | 2012-10-24 |
Family
ID=37064598
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2004800256440A Expired - Lifetime CN1845843B (en) | 2003-07-08 | 2004-07-08 | Rail road car truck and car axle bearing fittings installation parts therefor |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1845843B (en) |
| EA (1) | EA013652B1 (en) |
| UA (1) | UA96116C2 (en) |
| ZA (6) | ZA200600177B (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101830234A (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2010-09-15 | 南车长江车辆有限公司 | Oblique wedge vibration damper for railway freight car bogie |
| CN102490748A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2012-06-13 | 南车长江车辆有限公司 | Bearing clearance adjustment device for rail wagon bogie |
| CN103192844A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-07-10 | 铜陵正前机械装备制造有限公司 | Railway freight push trolley bogie side beam |
| CN110182125A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-08-30 | 江苏理工学院 | Tank truck rollover composite protective system and its control method based on hydraulic buffer |
| CN110217155A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-09-10 | 江苏理工学院 | Tank truck rollover composite protective system and its control process based on air bag |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT514373B1 (en) | 2013-05-02 | 2019-03-15 | Siemens Ag Oesterreich | Wheelset bearing for the wheelset of a rail vehicle with internally mounted bogie |
| RU2605130C1 (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2016-12-20 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Омский государственный университет путей сообщения" | Axle liner of car bogie side frame |
| RU169434U1 (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-03-17 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Железнодорожные технологии" | TRUCK CAR |
| RU171993U1 (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-06-23 | РЕЙЛ 1520 АйПи ЛТД | TWO-axle trolley of a freight car |
| RU185604U1 (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2018-12-11 | Акционерное общество Алтайского вагоностроения (АО "Алтайвагон") | Friction damper of the wagons of a freight wagon |
| RU198383U1 (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2020-07-02 | Компания Грейкросс Лимитед | FASTENING ELEMENT FOR OVERBOARD LAYING ON THE LATERAL FRAME OF THE CARGO CAR |
| RU198058U1 (en) * | 2020-02-10 | 2020-06-16 | Акционерное общество "Научно-производственная корпорация "Уралвагонзавод" имени Ф.Э. Дзержинского" | A unit for connecting a side frame with a wheelset in a trolley of a freight railway car |
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- 2004-07-08 UA UAA200601243A patent/UA96116C2/en unknown
- 2004-07-08 CN CN2004800256440A patent/CN1845843B/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2006
- 2006-01-06 ZA ZA200600177A patent/ZA200600177B/en unknown
-
2008
- 2008-10-27 ZA ZA200809212A patent/ZA200809212B/en unknown
- 2008-10-27 ZA ZA200809214A patent/ZA200809214B/en unknown
- 2008-10-27 ZA ZA200809215A patent/ZA200809215B/en unknown
- 2008-10-27 ZA ZA200809213A patent/ZA200809213B/en unknown
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| CN1108251C (en) * | 1996-07-15 | 2003-05-14 | 约翰·R·森德曼 | Railway car side bearing |
| CN1079753C (en) * | 1996-10-24 | 2002-02-27 | 株式会社都市文化研究所 | Axie box support device for bogie truck |
| CN1421345A (en) * | 2001-11-28 | 2003-06-04 | 标准汽车公司 | Bearing shear pad |
| CN2521100Y (en) * | 2001-12-12 | 2002-11-20 | 长春客车厂 | Radial bogie with translational deflecting axle box positioning rubber node |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101830234A (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2010-09-15 | 南车长江车辆有限公司 | Oblique wedge vibration damper for railway freight car bogie |
| CN101830234B (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2011-11-16 | 南车长江车辆有限公司 | Oblique wedge vibration damper for railway freight car bogie |
| CN102490748A (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2012-06-13 | 南车长江车辆有限公司 | Bearing clearance adjustment device for rail wagon bogie |
| CN102490748B (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2014-04-02 | 南车长江车辆有限公司 | Bearing clearance adjustment device for rail wagon bogie |
| CN103192844A (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2013-07-10 | 铜陵正前机械装备制造有限公司 | Railway freight push trolley bogie side beam |
| CN110182125A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-08-30 | 江苏理工学院 | Tank truck rollover composite protective system and its control method based on hydraulic buffer |
| CN110217155A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-09-10 | 江苏理工学院 | Tank truck rollover composite protective system and its control process based on air bag |
| CN110182125B (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2021-06-15 | 江苏理工学院 | Hydraulic shock absorber-based tank truck rollover composite protection system and control method thereof |
| CN110217155B (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2021-08-24 | 江苏理工学院 | Side-turning composite protection system of tank truck based on safety air bag and control process of side-turning composite protection system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EA200800528A1 (en) | 2008-10-30 |
| ZA200809213B (en) | 2009-08-26 |
| CN1845843B (en) | 2012-10-24 |
| ZA200809212B (en) | 2009-08-26 |
| ZA200600177B (en) | 2009-04-29 |
| EA013652B1 (en) | 2010-06-30 |
| UA96116C2 (en) | 2011-10-10 |
| ZA200809214B (en) | 2009-08-26 |
| ZA200809215B (en) | 2009-08-26 |
| ZA200809210B (en) | 2010-09-29 |
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