CN1843838A - A tension leg type method for positioning moored float - Google Patents
A tension leg type method for positioning moored float Download PDFInfo
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- CN1843838A CN1843838A CN 200610078383 CN200610078383A CN1843838A CN 1843838 A CN1843838 A CN 1843838A CN 200610078383 CN200610078383 CN 200610078383 CN 200610078383 A CN200610078383 A CN 200610078383A CN 1843838 A CN1843838 A CN 1843838A
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- mooring
- buoyancy aid
- float
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for positioning float via tension leg, which comprises following steps: (1) mounting one group of anchor device on the positions that needing floats and connecting cables on said anchor devices; (2) using towboat to draw the float to said sea area, and inputting sea water into the water chamber of float to compress the float, then connecting said cables to relative anchor points of float; (3) discharging the sea water of float, and the float will float via itself buoyancy, to generate pre-tension on cable, and said floats will generate the backup buoyancy that 5-10% of load displacement. The invention arranges the cables between the float and anchor device into tension legs with pre-tension, and when the environment external force is removed, said tension legs will recover the float to former positions. The invention has few occupied area, lower cost and the application for offing oil field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of marine moored float, particularly about a kind of method of the tension leg type positioning moored float that uses in the shallow water marine site.
Background technology
At present, China's Offshore Petroleum Industry is except that the big-and-middle-sized marine oil of continued development gas field, also in the exploitation of actively carrying out the coastal waters marginal oil field.Yet, coastal waters marginal oil field for these little oil reservoir resources, if continue development scheme according to big-and-middle-sized oil-gas field, continue to adopt the development equipment of big-and-middle-sized oil-gas field, can drop into sizable cost undoubtedly, even some oil field at all can't cost-recovering, therefore must use corresponding midget plant.Current, small-sized floating production storage unit (FPSO) and floating storage vessel (FSO) that China's Offshore Petroleum Industry is just being used at active development are exactly a kind of midget plant that the shallow water area marginal oil field uses that is fit to very much.The profile of FPSO has octagon and round two kinds, for satisfying conventional offshore oil production, need carry out the offshore location mooring to this FPSO device, when it is positioning moored, it is bigger to avoid conventional anchor chain mooring existence to take oceanic area, influence the shortcoming of ship's navigation, can reduce the mooring construction investment again, also will be fit to the use of coastal waters marginal oil field shallow water area simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
At the problems referred to above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method that takies the tension leg type positioning moored float that oceanic area is little, construction investment is economized, suitable coastal waters marginal oil field shallow water area uses.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of method of tension leg type positioning moored float, it may further comprise the steps: (1) is fixedly mounted on the position of seabed predetermined set buoyancy aid respectively with one group of anchor fitting, connects mooring fast on each described anchor fitting; (2) with towboat buoyancy aid is dragged to above-mentioned marine site, in the water inlet cabin of buoyancy aid, imports seawater, use the seawater ballast buoyancy aid, then each described mooring fast is connected on the corresponding mooring point of described buoyancy aid; (3) seawater in the described buoyancy aid is discharged, buoyancy aid relies on self buoyancy come-up, makes each described mooring fast produce pretension, makes described buoyancy aid keep the reserve buoyance of its full load displacement 5%～10%.
Described buoyancy aid is provided with 3～4 place's moored position.
Described each described moored position is provided with 2～4 mooring points, the corresponding setting of described anchor fitting with the position of described mooring point, and quantity is identical.
Described buoyancy aid is a kind of in floating production storage unit or the floating storage vessel.
Described buoyancy aid is a single-point floating drum, a kind of at the top of described single-point floating drum by in a mooring fast single point mooring (SPM) one ship shape floating production storage unit or the floating storage vessel.
Described mooring fast after floating production storage unit or the floating storage vessel mooring installation and the angle between the horizon of seabed are 30 °～90 °, increase angle with the depth of water and increase.
Described mooring fast after buoy mooring's installation and the angle between the horizon of seabed are 30 °～60 °, increase angle with the depth of water and increase.
The present invention is owing to take above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, the inventive method is when moored float, water delivery in buoyancy aid water inlet cabin earlier, after treating the mooring fast mooring finished, again the water in the water tank is discharged, make the buoyancy aid and the mooring fast between the anchor fitting that rise by self buoyancy form the tension leg that has pretension one by one, it not only can make buoyancy aid positioning moored in the predetermined maritime area, and can make the certain buoyancy of buoyancy aid deposit, in case buoyancy aid is subjected to external force of environment, tension leg has certain stretch-draw ability, and after external force of environment was removed, tension leg can make buoyancy aid get back to original position again.2, the positioning moored method of tension leg type provided by the invention is a tensile property with the catenary characteristic changing of conventional mooring fast, and the mooring performance of FPSO or FSO is greatly improved, and not only good stability, and opposing is abominable, and also the condition ability is strong.3, the present invention can be provided with the different mooring fast of quantity according to the maritime environment situation, simultaneously can be according to different sea water advanced, determine the horizontal angle in mooring fast and seabed, cooperate different buoyancy reserves, therefore can be with the shortest mooring fast, realize the most appropriate mooring energy, realize that the present invention takies the purpose that oceanic area is little, construction investment is economized.4, the present invention not only can mooring one octagon or circular FPSO or FSO, and can mooring one floating drum, make floating drum and tension leg type mooring fast constitute the main body of a SPBM, and then connect a ship shape FPSO or a FSO by mooring fast at the floating drum top, under the environmental forces effect, ship shape FPSO or FSO can do 360 ° rotation around floating drum.The present invention can be widely used in the exploitation of the more shallow marginal oil field in China offshore waters.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 adopts the positioning moored octagon FPSO scheme drawing of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the birds-eye view of Fig. 1
Fig. 3 is the another kind of positioning moored state of Fig. 1
Fig. 4 adopts the positioning moored circular FPSO scheme drawing of the present invention
Fig. 5 is the birds-eye view of Fig. 4
Fig. 6 is the another kind of positioning moored state of Fig. 4
Fig. 7 adopts positioning moored single-point floating drum of the present invention and and ship shape FPSO bonded assembly scheme drawing
Fig. 8 is the birds-eye view of Fig. 7
Fig. 9 is that Fig. 7 is in the positioning moored view of deep water
Figure 10 is the birds-eye view of Fig. 9
The specific embodiment
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The positioning moored method of tension leg type of the present invention is mainly used in positioning moored FPSO or FSO, so that FPSO or FSO and wellhead platform keep certain distance, carries out marine oil extraction, processing and storage operation with safety.The method of tension leg type positioning moored float of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
(1) as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a plurality of anchor fittings 1 are fixedly mounted on the position of seabed predetermined set buoyancy aid 3 respectively, connect mooring fast 2 on each anchor fitting 1, anchor fitting 1 can adopt piled anchor or suction anchor, when marine environment is abominable, should use piled anchor.
(2) with towboat buoyancy aid 3 is dragged to above-mentioned marine site, imports seawater in the water inlet cabin in buoyancy aid 3,, then each bar mooring fast 2 is connected on each mooring point 4 of buoyancy aid 3 with seawater ballast buoyancy aid 3;
(3) seawater in the water inlet cabin in the buoyancy aid 3 is discharged, buoyancy aid 3 relies on self buoyancy come-up, makes each bar mooring fast 2 produce tension force, has both made at buoyancy aid 3 at full loads, also keeps 5%～10% reserve buoyance.
By above-mentioned steps as can be known, the condition that produces tension force is that the length of each mooring fast 2 is after connecting buoyancy aid 3, all be shorter than the length of buoyancy aid 3 at full load anchor fittings 1 to buoyancy aid 3 mooring points, buoyancy meeting has upwards produced certain pretension, forms tension leg one by one, and it not only can make buoyancy aid 3 positioning moored in the predetermined maritime area, in case and buoyancy aid 3 is subjected to external force of environment, tension leg has certain stretch-draw ability, and after external force of environment was removed, tension leg can make buoyancy aid 3 get back to original position again.
Among the present invention, mooring fast 2 and the horizontal angle theta in seabed, when the depth of water during greater than 4 times of buoyancy aid 3 maximum drafts, angle theta equals 90 °, and promptly mooring fast 2 is vertical with anchor fitting 1 and is connected, when the depth of water during less than 4 times of buoyancy aid 3 maximum drafts, angle theta is between 30 °～90 °, angle is big more, and the length of mooring fast 2 is just short more, and its elasticity is just low more; Angle is more little, and the length of mooring fast 2 is just long more, and its elasticity is just good more.In the actual use of the inventive method, the marine site depth of water should be less than 200 meters.
Reserve buoyance of the present invention, account for 5% to 10% of buoyancy aid 3 full load displacements, the reserve buoyance effect is to allow each mooring fast 2 produce certain tension force, when the depth of water during greater than 4 times of buoyancy aid 3 maximum drafts, mooring fast 2 is arranged vertically, for avoiding the excessive uplift force of anchor fitting 1, should use less reserve buoyance; When the depth of water is more shallow, angled because of mooring fast 2 and seabed, make anchor fitting 1 on to pull out component less, therefore can use bigger reserve buoyance.Anchor fitting 1 should have enough big uplift force, generally greater than 3 times of safety factor, makes the present invention have the stronger ability of resisting marine environment power.
Among the present invention, mooring fast 2 quantity are selected with concrete marine environment condition according to buoyancy aid 3 full load displacements, the moored position of buoyancy aid 3 can be provided with in 3 positions or 4 positions on buoyancy aid 3, each position is provided with 2 or 3 or 4 mooring points 4, such as the distribution that is 4 * 2 or 4 * 3 or 4 * 4, be connected with mooring fast 2 between each mooring point 4 and the cooresponding anchor fitting 1.That mooring fast 2 is selected for use is fine quality, elasticity nylon cable or wirerope preferably, should have good resistance to corrosion.The pretension that mooring fast 2 produces has strengthened the ability of opposing marine environment power, can make the rupture strength of mooring fast 2 reach 3 times of its peak load.
Be to adopt the inventive method and device buoyancy aid to be positioned the specific embodiment of mooring below.
Embodiment one
Shown in Fig. 1～3, the positioning moored buoyancy aid 3 of present embodiment is small-sized octagon FPSO, and its displacement is 10,000 tons to 30,000 tons, adopts the positioning moored method mooring of tension leg type of the present invention.Present embodiment has fixedly mounted one group of eight anchor fitting 1 in the desired location in seabed, on each anchor fitting 1, connect a mooring fast 2, four arms of angle at octagon buoyancy aid 3 are provided with moored position, and each arm of angle is arranged two mooring points 4, and each mooring point 4 connects a mooring fast 2.Every mooring fast 2 becomes the θ angle with the seabed horizon, such as 45 ° (as shown in Figure 1) or 90 ° (as shown in Figure 3).
Embodiment two
Shown in Fig. 4～6, the positioning moored buoyancy aid 3 of present embodiment is circular FPSO, at first divide three places that six anchor fittings 1 are set in the seabed, circle along buoyancy aid 3 disperses to be provided with 3 moored position at interval by 120 °, each position is provided with 2 mooring points 4, be connected with mooring fast 2 between each mooring point 4 and the cooresponding anchor fitting 1, every mooring fast 2 becomes the θ angle such as 50 ° (as shown in Figure 4) or 90 ° (as shown in Figure 6) with the seabed horizon.
Embodiment three
Shown in Fig. 7～10, the positioning moored buoyancy aid 3 of present embodiment is single-point floating drums 3 ', and single-point floating drum 3 ' is cylindric, and its shell is steel material and has the water-tight structure that it is provided with water filling and freeing arrangement.Along single-point floating drum 3 ' circumferentially 3 moored position are set by 120 ° of intervals, each position is provided with 3 mooring points 4, and connects mooring point 4 and seabed anchor fittings 1 with mooring fast 2, comes to 9 mooring fasts 2.Single-point floating drum 3 ' top is provided with a mooring ear 5, and this mooring ear 5 connects another buoyancy aid 7 by another mooring fast 6, and buoyancy aid 7 can be a ship shape FPSO or ship shape FSO.The buoyancy aid 7 of single point mooring (SPM) can be done 360 ° rotating freely around single-point floating drum 3 '.When experience marine environment power influences, single-point floating drum 3 ' and ship shape FPSO or the FSO of mooring on single-point floating drum 3 ' can depart from original position together, after environmental forces is withdrawn, single-point floating drum 3 ' and mooring ship shape FPSO or the FSO on it can be under the effect of tension leg type mooring fast 2, be pulled original position, thereby play ship shape FPSO or the positioning moored at sea effect of FSO.
That above-mentioned mooring fast 6 can be selected for use is fine quality, the nylon cable or the wirerope of good springiness, resislance to corrosion from sea water, or at nylon cable two ends Wearing-resistant chain is set.
The positioning moored step of present embodiment is as follows:
(1) nine anchor fittings 1 is fixedly mounted on the desired location in seabed respectively, on each anchor fitting 1, connects a mooring fast 2 then respectively;
(2) open the water filling device of single-point floating drum 3 ', injecting seawater in single-point floating drum 3 ' makes it sink to the seabed, nine mooring fasts 2 are connected on the circumferential mooring point 4 of single-point floating drum 3 ', open the freeing arrangement of single-point floating drum 3 ' then, seawater in the single-point floating drum 3 ' is discharged, rely on the buoyancy of single-point floating drum 3 ' self, strain 9 mooring fasts 2, make it produce certain pretension, every mooring fast 2 becomes the θ angle with the seabed horizon;
(3) with towboat ship shape FPSO or FSO buoyancy aid 5 are dragged to this marine site, with mooring in the other end mooring of the mooring fast 6 at single-point floating drum 3 ' top on buoyancy aid 7, form positioning moored to the single-point type of buoyancy aid 7.
Use single-point floating drum 3 ' FPSO or FSO buoyancy aid 5 are carried out single-point type when positioning moored, determine mooring fast 2 and the horizontal angle theta in seabed according to the depth of water, when the depth of water during less than 50 meters, its angle theta should be 30 ° (as shown in Figure 7), and when the depth of water was 200 meters, its angle theta should be 60 ° (as shown in Figure 9), the shallow more angle theta angle of the depth of water is more little, variation range is 30 °～60 °, and in actual use, the operating water depth of this tension leg single-point type should be less than 200 meters.
In the various embodiments described above, the quantity of mooring fast 2 is selected for use according to the marine environment condition, and environment should select when relaxing less, and environment is multiselect then badly.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of method of tension leg type positioning moored float, it may further comprise the steps:
(1) one group of anchor fitting is fixedly mounted on the position of seabed predetermined set buoyancy aid respectively, on each described anchor fitting, connects mooring fast;
(2) with towboat buoyancy aid is dragged to above-mentioned marine site, in the water inlet cabin of buoyancy aid, imports seawater, use the seawater ballast buoyancy aid, then each described mooring fast is connected on the corresponding mooring point of described buoyancy aid;
(3) seawater in the described buoyancy aid is discharged, buoyancy aid relies on self buoyancy come-up, makes each described mooring fast produce pretension, makes described buoyancy aid keep the reserve buoyance of its full load displacement 5%～10%.
2, the method for a kind of tension leg type positioning moored float as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described buoyancy aid is provided with 3～4 place's moored position.
3, the method for a kind of tension leg type positioning moored float as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described each described moored position is provided with 2～4 mooring points, the corresponding setting of described anchor fitting with the position of described mooring point, and quantity is identical.
4, as the method for claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of tension leg type positioning moored floats, it is characterized in that: described buoyancy aid is a kind of in floating production storage unit or the floating storage vessel.
5, as the method for claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of tension leg type positioning moored floats, it is characterized in that: described buoyancy aid is a single-point floating drum, a kind of at the top of described single-point floating drum by in a mooring fast single point mooring (SPM) one ship shape floating production storage unit or the floating storage vessel.
6, as the method for claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of tension leg type positioning moored floats, it is characterized in that: described mooring fast after the mooring installation and the angle between the horizon of seabed are 30 °～90 °, increase angle with the depth of water and increase.
7, the method for a kind of tension leg type positioning moored float as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: described mooring fast after the mooring installation and the angle between the horizon of seabed are 30 °～90 °, increase angle with the depth of water and increase.
8, the method for a kind of tension leg type positioning moored float as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: described mooring fast after the mooring installation and the angle between the horizon of seabed are 30 °～60 °, increase angle with the depth of water and increase.
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| CN 200610078383 CN1843838A (en) | 2006-05-17 | 2006-05-17 | A tension leg type method for positioning moored float |
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| CN 200610078383 CN1843838A (en) | 2006-05-17 | 2006-05-17 | A tension leg type method for positioning moored float |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102747707A (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2012-10-24 | 中交上海航道局有限公司 | Method for protecting bagged sand ridge for molding embankment |
| CN103231781A (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-08-07 | 武汉武船海洋工程船舶设计有限公司 | Tension leg platform |
| CN104332202A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-02-04 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Wave penetrating hull type floating nuclear power plant |
| CN107914834A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-04-17 | 中海油能源发展股份有限公司 | A kind of polygon floating production storage unit |
| CN108860476A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2018-11-23 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Floating drum transfers in single point mooring |
| CN109229279A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-18 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | A kind of single point mooring's crude oil exporting device with tension type anchor chain leg |
| CN110654510A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-07 | 惠生（南通）重工有限公司 | Offshore wind power platform group with shared mooring |
| CN112678116A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-04-20 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Mooring device suitable for large water level change |
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2006
- 2006-05-17 CN CN 200610078383 patent/CN1843838A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102747707A (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2012-10-24 | 中交上海航道局有限公司 | Method for protecting bagged sand ridge for molding embankment |
| CN103231781A (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-08-07 | 武汉武船海洋工程船舶设计有限公司 | Tension leg platform |
| CN104332202A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-02-04 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Wave penetrating hull type floating nuclear power plant |
| CN108860476A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2018-11-23 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Floating drum transfers in single point mooring |
| CN107914834A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-04-17 | 中海油能源发展股份有限公司 | A kind of polygon floating production storage unit |
| CN107914834B (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2023-08-29 | 中海油能源发展股份有限公司 | Polygonal floating type oil storage device for production |
| CN109229279A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-18 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | A kind of single point mooring's crude oil exporting device with tension type anchor chain leg |
| CN110654510A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-07 | 惠生（南通）重工有限公司 | Offshore wind power platform group with shared mooring |
| CN112678116A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-04-20 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Mooring device suitable for large water level change |
| CN112678116B (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2022-05-31 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Mooring device suitable for large water level change |
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