Geomechanics parameter method for rapidly testing and equipment under the coal mine
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly measure fast the method for geomechanics parameter and implement the employed peep hole peering instrument of this method under coal mine, this method and equipment also can be applicable to the geomechanics test at the underground geotechnical engineering scene of departments such as other mining, building, electric power, water conservancy, military project.
Background technology
Roadway surrounding rock is an extremely complicated geologic body, and the work that all are relevant with country rock all be unable to do without the abundant understanding to country rock geomechanics parameter.The geomechanics parameter comprises surrounding rock structure, country rock intensity, geostatic stress etc.Before carrying out coal mine roadway layout, tunnel and chamber support design, all to carry out the test of geomechanics parameter, thereby guarantee roadway arrangement and the reasonability of supporting design and the safe coefficient in tunnel.
Domestic geomechanics parameter testing at present owing to lack tester and method fast, easily, causes parameter testing to become very loaded down with trivial details, as to expend an a large amount of manpower and materials and time job.Tunnel, chamber support design in the past carried out according to a limited number of block diagrams of geology detecting and a spot of geomechanics data, common way is to be processed into test specimen in the laboratory with core, by sillar test rock mechanics parameter, and the crack of country rock and the development condition of bedding are not observed, do not test the geostatic stress underlying parameter yet, cause to be difficult to make appropriate design; The test of several parameters can not be carried out in same rock-boring, and test job complexity, efficient are very low; The shooting illumination needs high voltage, sets off an explosion easily.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just provides geomechanics parameter method for rapidly testing and peep hole peering instrument under a kind of coal mine, to solve inefficiency, test job complexity that prior art exists, to expend a large amount of manpower and materials and time; Be difficult to make appropriate design; The test of several parameters can not be carried out in same rock-boring, not explosion-proof problem.Can by a rock-boring, can test the method and the equipment of geomechanics parameter fast at the tunnel or the chamber in the colliery that the imflammable gas environment is arranged or other mine.
Technical scheme of the present invention comprises:
A kind of method of testing: at first get out instrument connection, in same boring, can record surrounding rock structure, country rock intensity and parameters and earth stress fast.
Adopt peep hole peering instrument that structure observation is carried out in whole boring; Hydrofracturing geostatic stress testing arrangement test geostatic stress is adopted on boring top; The compressive strength and the modulus of elasticity of country rock intensity measuring device test rock adopted in the boring bottom.Concrete method of testing is as follows:
(1) the deep hole surrounding rock structure is spied on:
With a kind of lateral device peep hole peering instrument test surrounding rock structure that has.This instrument of spying on has image amplification, direction location, shooting and information storage device.By boring roadway surrounding rock structure, bedding, joints development situation are observed, write down, analyzed, can determine bedding, joint size, orientation, the distribution of surrounding rock structure.
(2) hydrofracturing geostatic stress test:
In same boring, can measure stress of primary rock state fast with hydraulic fracturing.Hydraulic fracturing is will hole partially enclosed section in boring, inject water under high pressure, when hydraulic pressure reaches threshold, crack on the aperture border, according to the aperture force analysis, by actual measurement can get that rock rupture pressure, moment close pressure, the pressure of re-opening, direction of check, just can determine stress of primary rock size, maximum horizontal principal stress action direction and Tensile Strength of Rock.Direction of check is the maximum horizontal principal stress direction, and this direction is determined with the instrument of spying on that has the direction testing arrangement.
(3) rock strength is measured:
Same boring is used in country rock strength test work.Adopt the country rock intensity measuring device, determine compressive strength of rock and modulus of elasticity by high-voltage probe crushing boring rock mass.Country rock strength detection instrument probe coefficients by using statistical method is determined in a large amount of contrast tests.
What the present invention comprised is equipped with: spy on instrument, hydrofracturing geostatic stress testing arrangement, country rock intensity measuring device, the back device is an existing apparatus.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: provide in a boring and carried out the method that the geomechanics parameter is tested fast under the coal mine with spying on instrument, hydraulic fracturing and rock strength analyzer, this method economy, quick.The novel instrument of spying on has the dual-use function of producing boring the place ahead and side wall image and storage, and is rational in infrastructure simple, the reliable in function practicality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process schematic block diagram of method of testing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the instrument connection schematic diagram that uses in the method for testing of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the formation block diagram that the present invention spies on instrument;
Fig. 4 is the sectional structure schematic diagram that the present invention spies on the electronics sight glass of instrument;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that uses in the method for testing of the present invention when spying on instrument and testing in the instrument connection.
The specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1~Fig. 5, the step when method of testing of the present invention is implemented again is as follows:
A, at first in colliery underworkings 1, set the vertical checkout hole 2 of a 20-30m, will spy on the electronics sight glass 5 of instrument 4 with conveying lever 3 and send in the instrument connection 2.
B, the surrounding rock structure situation of whole instrument connection 2 is observed and record, size, orientation, distribution with the structural planes such as bedding, joint and crackle of determining surrounding rock structure, and find out several complete segment, concrete steps comprise utilizes described instrument 4 and the amplification of 5 test patterns, direction location, shooting and the information storage spied on; Development condition by 2 pairs of structural planes such as roadway surrounding rock bedding, joint and crackle of instrument connection is observed, writes down, is analyzed, and can determine size, orientation and the distribution of structural planes such as country rock bedding, joint and crackle.Withdraw from sight glass 5 then.
C, adopt hydrofracturing geostatic stress testing arrangement pressure break to spy on the rock complete segment that instrument observes again, described hydraulic fracturing is with instrument connection 2 the first half closed sections, inject water under high pressure, under hydraulic pressure and stress of primary rock effect, when hydraulic pressure reaches threshold, crack on the aperture border, according to the aperture force analysis, rock rupture pressure, moment closing presure, the pressure of re-opening, direction of check can be got by actual measurement, just stress of primary rock size, maximum horizontal principal stress direction and Tensile Strength of Rock can be determined; Its direction of check is the maximum horizontal principal stress direction, and this direction is determined (referring to following D bar content) with the instrument 4 of spying on that has the direction testing arrangement.Gather the pressure break curve by Acquisition Instrument, withdraw from the geostatic stress testing arrangement;
D, again sight glass 5 is sent in the instrument connection 2 subsequently, utilized sight glass 5 to observe the pressure break curve of rock and determine the pressure break direction, withdraw from sight glass 5; Same instrument connection is used in the work of described rock strength mensuration, adopt the country rock intensity measuring device, determine compressive strength of rock and modulus of elasticity by high-voltage probe crushing boring rock mass, country rock strength detection instrument probe coefficients by using statistical method is determined in a large amount of contrast tests.
E, send into the country rock intensity measuring device, instrument connection 2 Lower Half country rock intensity are measured and record, finish whole tests by mounting rod 6.
The hydrofracturing geostatic stress testing arrangement and the country rock intensity measuring device that use in the said method are prior art.
Referring to Fig. 3~Fig. 5, the employed peep hole peering instrument that has lateral device of a kind of described method of the present invention, it is characterized in that: comprise electronics sight glass 5, conveying lever 3 and main frame (circuit part) 4, electronics sight glass 5 is connected the lower end of conveying lever 3, and electronics sight glass 5 is connected with main frame 4 by cable.Conveying lever 3 has more piece to pass through the coaxial connection of screw thread.
Described electronics sight glass 5 comprises shell 56, reflective mirror 52, hole wall camera 54, side direction camera 55 and side direction compass 57, lower side at cylindrical housing 56 is provided with transparent shooting window 53, is provided with light emitting diode 58 at these shooting window 53 peripheries and side direction camera 55 peripheries; Described reflective mirror 52 is miter angle and is installed in described shell 56 inside face to shooting window 53 places, hole wall camera 54 and side direction camera 55 be back-to-back to be loaded on the top (be in the accompanying drawing 4 right-hand) of the reflective mirror 52 in the described shell, wherein hole wall camera 54 is in the face of the reflective surface of described reflective mirror 52, and side direction camera 55 is in the face of being arranged on the compass 57 of enclosure top; Test hole wall picture signal should reflex to hole wall camera 54 through reflective mirror 52, and its effect is to increase hole wall image area and definition, more can adapt to the working environment of mine trickle and high humidity simultaneously; This signal at output end of camera is passed the upper end conveying lever by described cable and is connected with described main frame.
Be provided with at least three centralized positioning devices 51 in the outside of described shell 56, be used for sight glass 5 is positioned at the centre bit of the instrument connection of different-diameter, to obtain distinct image along the shell circle distribution.
Described hole wall camera 54 and side direction camera 55 are conventional structure, comprise object lens and imageing sensor, and this imageing sensor adopts the CCD charge-coupled image sensor.(referring to Fig. 3) also can adopt the imageing sensor of other type and technical data certainly.
Described main frame 4 comprises (referring to Fig. 3):
(1) analog-digital converter: major function is to convert the AV signal that imageing sensor is exported to data signal, and is sent to graphics processing unit;
(2) Digital Image Processing unit: the reading image data are conciliate in explanation, optimize picture signal.Comprising: white balance, colour balance.Gamma correction and edge are corrected, and digital compression reduces memory space;
(3) video memory: internal memory: sram memory chip (Flash Memory), flash memory, external memory, removable memory (SD card);
(4) display: select 5 inches liquid crystal AV displays for use.