CN1800050A - Waste water treatment method of anerobic- anoxia-aerobic-coagulated precipitation - Google Patents

Waste water treatment method of anerobic- anoxia-aerobic-coagulated precipitation Download PDF

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CN1800050A
CN1800050A CNA2005101231057A CN200510123105A CN1800050A CN 1800050 A CN1800050 A CN 1800050A CN A2005101231057 A CNA2005101231057 A CN A2005101231057A CN 200510123105 A CN200510123105 A CN 200510123105A CN 1800050 A CN1800050 A CN 1800050A
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pond
aerobic
anaerobic
anerobic
anoxia
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CN100361910C (en
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任洪强
严永红
尤隽
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Jiangsu Zhongyi Kim Environmental Protection Industry Technology Research Institute Ltd
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Nanjing University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to industrial sewage that hard to biodegrade, especially in the field of the woven textile dye waste's dealing technology. Dispose the waste water four-step craft in the sequence of anaerobic- anoxybiotic- aerobic-coagulating sedimentation, use anoxybiotic treatment as the high effective transition of anaerobic and aerobic to upgrade the capable of biochemical energy of anaerobic yielding water and eliminate anaerobic metabolite's side effect on the subsequent aerobic microbial activity; use the aerobic aeration to remove organic matter and partial chrominance; use coagulating sedimentation craft to remove the rest non-degradable organic matter after waste water biochemical treatment. Said invented waste water treatment craft can ensure the water outlet COD after the woven textile dye waste's treatment smaller than 100mg/L , BOD5 smaller than 20mg/L, chromaticity lower than 40 times. It has the distinctive features such as high efficiency of removing chromaticity and organics, the yielding water quality stabilizing, the engineer investment small, the operating cost low, thus it's easy to spread to use.

Description

The anerobic-anoxia-aerobic-coagulated precipitation method of wastewater treatment
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Industrial Wastewater Treatment of difficult for biological degradation, the method handled of textile printing and dyeing wastewater is particularly especially utilized the method for anerobic-anoxia-aerobic-coagulated precipitation comprehensive treating process waste water.
Background technology
Textile printing and dyeing wastewater component complexity often contains multiple dyestuff, and colourity is dark, strong toxicity, and difficult degradation, the pH fluctuation is big, and the concentration height, and wastewater flow rate is big, is one of unmanageable trade effluent.The method that microbial biochemical is handled is to generally acknowledge efficient height, effective method, but also there are some defectives in the processing that simply is used for textile printing and dyeing wastewater.Use biochemical method preferably to be during textile printing and dyeing wastewater is handled at present: the biological treatment that adopts " acidication-aerobic ".Microorganism in the biological treatment of " acidication-aerobic " has certain requirement to conditions such as nutritive substance, pH value, temperature, is difficult to adapt to the characteristics that the textile printing and dyeing wastewater variation water quality is big, the dyestuff kind is many, toxicity is high; Have also simultaneously that floor space is big, complex management, to shortcomings such as colourity and COD clearance are low.
In recent years, development along with dyestuff and Auxiliaries Industry thereof, the usage quantity of macromole, multifunctional dye constantly increases, the raising that improvement of textile printing and dyeing process simultaneously and industry water saving require, the Pollutant levels of textile printing and dyeing wastewater improve constantly, the biodegradability variation of waste water, so the textile printing and dyeing wastewater treatment technology has been proposed renewal, higher requirement, conventional treatment process is difficult to satisfy the requirement up to standard of waste water.In addition domestic weaving textile printing and dyeing industry has sizable scale, and the amount of textile printing and dyeing wastewater is also very big.
At the textile printing and dyeing wastewater of high density, difficult degradation, carried out a large amount of researches of technique both at home and abroad, wherein anaerobic biological treatment is the emphasis of various countries' research.Some is difficult to resolve compound (as aromatics) and under anaerobic can be effectively decomposed, as bioremediation referring to the CN200310112207.X textile printing and dyeing wastewater, adopt anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) to criticize the treatment process that sequencing batch reactor activated sludge reaction device (SBR) combines with preface, in decolouring, follow the aniline that decolours and produce to obtain the part degraded.High and contain the waste water of hard-degraded substance to organic content, anaerobic biological treatment has unique advantages.In addition, the exploitation of new and effective anaerobic reactor makes anaerobic processing device usefulness that large increase arranged, and the requirement of water inlet COD concentration reduces greatly.The industrial high efficiency anaerobic reactor of being presided over technically by the applicant just has some in stable operation.All above-mentioned theory utilize the progress of anaerobic reactor processing high density textile printing and dyeing and waste water from dyestuff that assurance is provided with being practiced as.
Along with people improve constantly environmental quality requirement and improve, wastewater discharge standard requires also more and more stricter.How to obtain to stablize, the textile printing and dyeing wastewater treatment effect is very important efficiently.At present, no matter the materialization treatment technology still is anaerobism, aerobic and integrated technology, and people are confined to its optimum process condition research is separately carried out, and do not consider the component of anaerobic treatment generation and the influence that structure is handled follow-up aerobic biochemical.
At the textile printing and dyeing wastewater of high density, difficult degradation, carried out a large amount of researches of technique both at home and abroad, wherein anaerobic biological treatment is the emphasis of various countries' research.Some is difficult to resolve compound (as aromatics) and under anaerobic can be effectively decomposed.High and contain the waste water of hard-degraded substance to organic content, anaerobic biological treatment has unique advantages.In addition, the exploitation of new and effective anaerobic reactor makes anaerobic processing device usefulness that large increase arranged, and the requirement of water inlet COD concentration reduces greatly.All these theory and practice provide assurance for the progress of utilizing anaerobic reactor to handle high density textile printing and dyeing and waste water from dyestuff.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: the practical situation that produce waste water according to China's industry light industry textile industry printing and dyeing industry in a large number, it is main proposing a kind of " anaerobic-aerobic " biological treatment combination technique, be aided with the new method that materialization is handled, form a complete comprehensive treating process flow process, be more suitable for China's national situation.
The present invention realizes by the following method: the anerobic-anoxia-aerobic-coagulated precipitation method of wastewater treatment is characterized in that handling waste water, especially textile printing and dyeing wastewater with order four step process of anerobic-anoxia-aerobic-coagulated precipitation; Utilize the efficient linking of anoxic pond as anaerobic pond and Aerobic Pond; Utilize aerobic aeration tank to remove organism and part colourity; Utilize coagulation-settlement process to remove wastewater biochemical and handle back remaining hardly degraded organic substance and dyestuff.Anaerobic technique especially adopts inner-outer circulation anaerobic technology, and through anaerobic-aerobic-coagulating sedimentation wastewater treatment, waste water enters equalizing tank again, carries out aerating regulation, and hydraulic detention time is 3~8h, and the aeration ratio is 2~4m 3/ m 2H, the part water outlet of anaerobic pond and second pond (or claim settling tank) thus remainder mud enter to enter again in the equalizing tank and go in the anaerobic system to handle.
Force (forcing) pump is delivered to anaerobic pond with waste water in the equalizing tank, anaerobic pond adopts rising streaming anaerobic mud bed reactor, the anaerobism hydraulic detention time is 12~24h, reactor highly is 4~12m generally, upflow velocity is 0.4~1.2m/h, the anaerobic pond bottom is a water distribution system, and water distribution adopts short tube, and each short tube service area is 1~3m 2, the top, pond of anaerobic pond is triphase separator, and the water outlet circulation is positioned at the triphase separator bottom, and reflux ratio is 50~200%.
The anaerobic pond water outlet enters anoxic pond, and the anoxic pond hydraulic detention time is 2~4h, is provided with biologic packing material in the anoxic pond, and packing ratio is 50%, and anoxic pond adopts perforated pipe aerating regulation, and gas-water ratio is 5: 1, and anoxic pond can play denitrification, oxidized portion S 2-, suppress the thread fungus growth, prevent the sludge bulking effect.The anoxic pond water outlet enters Aerobic Pond, Aerobic Pond adopts activated sludge process, hydraulic detention time is 12~18h, the aeration gas-water ratio is 15~20: 1, sludge concentration is 3000~5000mg/L, and the water outlet after handling through Aerobic Pond enters second pond and carries out mud-water separation, and second pond bottom mud is back to anoxic pond, reflux ratio is 50%~100%, and excess sludge drains into equalizing tank.Through still containing the material of a small amount of difficult for biological degradation in the waste water after anaerobism, anoxic, the aerobic treatment, also has certain colourity in the water outlet, adopt coagulation-settlement process to remove this part material, reduce effluent color dilution, coagulating agent adopts inorganic or organic coagulating agent, as polymerization iron or polymeric aluminum, dosage is 150~300mg/L, and water outlet can reach " integrated wastewater discharge standard " (GB8978-1996) middle first discharge standard, and satisfies part reuse requirement.
The improvement of anaerobic pond rising streaming anaerobic mud bed reactor of the present invention is: adopt internal recycle rising streaming sludge blanket anaerobic reactor, utilize the inner circulating reflux device, some problems such as short stream, dead angle and obstruction that UASB reactor (Upflow Anaerobic SludgeBlanket) upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor etc. is in operation and occurs have been solved, the mixing that further strengthens anaerobion and waste water with contact, improve load and processing efficiency, enlarge the scope of application.
In various Sewage treatment systemss, all will produce a large amount of mud.Now, be emphasis and difficult point in the Pollution abatement to the processing of mud and disposal.The purpose of sludge treatment and disposal is exactly to realize the decrement of mud, stable, innoxious and comprehensive utilization.In whole capital costs of sewage work, sludge treatment and sewage disposal are suitable substantially, even higher.
With aerobic residual sludge reflux to anaerobic system, it is voltaile fatty acid VFA that organic substance in the mud is easy to be hydrolyzed acidifying, be beneficial to the decolouring bacterium and decompose the organic substance of difficult for biological degradation, simultaneously realized the synchronous processing of sewage, mud preferably, because the productive rate of hydrolyzing sludge is lower, greatly reduce the sludge yield of system, and efflux acidication mud quite stable, after thickening, can carry out security landfill and dispose, thereby be that the awkward situation that present aerobic sludge is handled has been brought good prospect.
The present invention adopts the transition of anoxic pond as anaerobism and aerobic treatment facility, the influence that the product that has solved anaerobic treatment produces aerobic treatment after entering the aerobic treatment facility suddenly.
The present invention has following distinguishing feature: (1) can make the biodegradability of waste water significantly improve by inner-outer circulation anaerobic-anaerobic-aerobic-coagulation-settlement process for the trade effluent of difficult for biological degradation, thereby has improved the processing efficiency of total system.(2) Kai Fa treatment facility has very high biomass, and anaerobism and aerobic efficient the linking are that the present invention obtains one of waste-water treatment efficient, causes for stable in addition.(3) sludge yield of the present invention seldom even does not have mud and produces, and can significantly reduce working cost and investment cost.The present invention has kept bioremediation can remove relatively large organic pollutant and the ability of certain color and stable characteristics, has brought into play physico-chemical process again and has removed color and the characteristics that remain the organic pollutant ability, and running cost is lower.The processing that COD, BOD indexs such as certain sanitary wastewater are not higher than textile printing and dyeing wastewater can be suitable for method of the present invention fully.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Grid 1, equalizing tank 2, anaerobic pond 3, anoxic pond 4, aerobic aeration pond 5, settling tank 6, flocculation tank 7, final deposition pool 8
Embodiment
See shown in the accompanying drawing, the present invention is an example with inner-outer circulation anaerobic (anaerobism)-anaerobic-aerobic-coagulating sedimentation sewage treatment process, the following treatment unit of concrete use, device comprises by following each several part: mainly comprise grid (1), equalizing tank (2), anaerobic pond (3), anoxic pond (4), aerobic aeration pond (5), settling tank (6), flocculation tank (7), final deposition pool (8).Sewage is removed the coarse grain foreign material through grid (1), after equalizing tank (2) carries out the water quantity and quality adjusting, enters anaerobic pond (3) and improves the biological degradability of waste water and remove most of colourity and small portion organism and minimizing excess sludge generation; The water outlet of anaerobic pond (3) enters anoxic pond (4), and anoxic pond (4) places in the middle of anaerobic pond (3) and the Aerobic Pond (5), and the optimization anaerobic treatment is connected with aerobic treatment; Most of organism and part colourity can be removed in aerobic aeration pond (5); The organism of remaining difficult for biological degradation and chrominance passband are crossed coagulating sedimentation and are removed; Equalizing tank (2) is got back in the water part of anaerobic pond (3), and the biological sludge that settling tank (6) refluxes partly enters anoxic pond (4) and equalizing tank (2).
Waste water enters equalizing tank, can carry out aerating regulation (preaeration), and the water outlet of anaerobic pond and second pond excess sludge also enter in the equalizing tank.The preaeration system is arranged in the equalizing tank, and aeration adopts perforated pipe aerating regulation, and anaerobic pond water outlet and second pond residual active sludge are back in the equalizing tank.Force (forcing) pump is delivered to anaerobic pond with waste water in the equalizing tank.Anaerobic technique especially adopts inner-outer circulation anaerobic technology, and anaerobic pond adopts rising streaming Sludge Bed form, and reactor bottom is the cloth pool, and the top is a three-phase separation area; Anaerobic pond effluent recycling position is in the triphase separator bottom, and promptly header is positioned at rising streaming Sludge Bed triphase separator bottom, and recirculation water enters the cloth pool by the pressurization of internal circulation pump from the triphase separator bottom.
The anaerobic pond water outlet enters between anaerobic pond and the Aerobic Pond anoxic pond is set, and as the linking facility of anaerobic and aerobic in the waste water treatment process, improves the processing efficiency in aerobic aeration pond.Be filled with biologic packing material in the anoxic pond, be provided with the perforated pipe aerating regulation system at the bottom of the pond.
The anoxic pond water outlet enters Aerobic Pond, enter second pond (settling tank) through the water outlet after Aerobic Pond and the biological activity sludge treatment and carry out mud-water separation, second pond bottom mud is back to anoxic pond, excess sludge drains into equalizing tank, waste water difficult for biological degradation especially textile printing and dyeing wastewater through after the biochemical treatment, handle through adopting coagulation-settlement process in the waste water after anaerobism, anoxic, the aerobic treatment again, water outlet reaches " integrated wastewater discharge standard " (GB8978-1996) middle first discharge standard fully, and satisfies part reuse requirement.
Coagulation-settlement process mainly comprises:
A. flocculant concentration facility, flocculation tank and final deposition pool;
Flocculation agent adopts molysite or aluminium salt.Especially poly-iron and poly-aluminium as PAC, or adopt polymeric flocculant, and coagulation-settlement process is not particularly limited flocculation agent, and Scheme Selection is also extremely many, as PAC, also can adopt PAC+PAM coagulation place, can also be with gathering silicon aluminum chloride (PASC).
In specific embodiment: in the actual woven treatment of dyeing wastewater process, water inlet COD=2000~3000mg/L, BOD 5=400~800mg/L, colourity is 500 times, the HRT of equalizing tank, anaerobic pond, anoxic pond and Aerobic Pond is respectively 2-6h, 12-24, as 15h, 2-4h and 10-18h, the liquid upflow velocity is 0.5-1.2m/h in the anaerobic pond, and as 0.8m/h, the aeration intensity of equalizing tank is 2-5m 3/ m 2H is as 3m 3/ m 2H, the gas-water ratio of anoxic pond and Aerobic Pond was respectively 4: 1 and 20: 1, the anaerobic pond internal reflux ratio is 50-150%, as 100%, activity sludge reflux is than being 30-80%, as 50%, above-mentioned treatment temp is 10 ℃~42 ℃ in temperature, 15 ℃~30 ℃ better, and water inlet pH value is 6.0~8.0, and aerobic excess sludge all enters anaerobic pond and drains into sludge treating system again through after the digestion process.Flocculation agent adopts PAC in the coagulation-settlement process, and dosage is 200mg/L, and water outlet reaches " integrated wastewater discharge standard " (GB8978-1996) middle first discharge standard.
Example: certain textile and dyeing industry district concentrates sewage work, design scale 30,000m 3/ d adopts inner-outer circulation anaerobic-anaerobic-aerobic-coagulation-settlement process, sewage treatment project design influent quality: COD900~2000mg/l, BOD 5250~600mg/l, pH9~11,400 times of colourities, SS300mg/l.5,000 ten thousand yuans of gross investments, 1.45 yuan/m of working cost 3, water outlet COD60mg/l, BOD 510mg/l, pH7,40 times of colourities, SS15mg/l.

Claims (10)

1, anerobic-anoxia-aerobic-coagulated precipitation method of wastewater treatment, it is characterized in that handling waste water with order four step process of anerobic-anoxia-aerobic-coagulated precipitation, utilize the efficient linking transition of anaerobic treatment as anaerobic and aerobic, improve the biodegradability energy of anaerobism water outlet, eliminate the anaerobic metabolism product the active negative interaction of follow-up aerobic microbiological; Utilize aerobic aeration to remove organism and part colourity; Utilize coagulation-settlement process to remove wastewater biochemical and handle the remaining hardly degraded organic substance in back.
2, anerobic-anoxia-aerobic-coagulated precipitation method of wastewater treatment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that anaerobic technique especially adopts inside and outside circulation anaerobic technology, anaerobic pond adopts rising streaming Sludge Bed form, and reactor bottom is the cloth pool, and the top is a three-phase separation area; Anaerobic pond effluent recycling position promptly is provided with header and is positioned at rising streaming Sludge Bed triphase separator bottom in the triphase separator bottom, and recirculation water enters the cloth pool by the pressurization of internal circulation pump from the triphase separator bottom, adopts perforated pipe as header.
3, anerobic-anoxia-aerobic-coagulated precipitation method of wastewater treatment according to claim 2, it is characterized in that the anoxic pond water outlet enters Aerobic Pond, Aerobic Pond adopts activated sludge process or biological contact oxidation process, hydraulic detention time is 6~18h, the aeration gas-water ratio is 10~20: 1, sludge concentration is 2000~10000mg/L, enter second pond through the water outlet after the Aerobic Pond processing and carry out mud-water separation, second pond bottom mud is back to anoxic pond, reflux ratio is 50%~100%, and excess sludge drains into equalizing tank.
4, anerobic-anoxia-aerobic-coagulated precipitation method of wastewater treatment according to claim 2, it is characterized in that after the anaerobic treatment again through anaerobic-aerobic-coagulating sedimentation wastewater treatment, the remainder mud of the part water outlet of anaerobic pond and second pond (or claiming settling tank) enters in the equalizing tank, goes in the anaerobic system to handle thereby enter again.
5, anerobic-anoxia-aerobic-coagulated precipitation method of wastewater treatment according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that the anaerobic pond water outlet enters anoxic pond, the anoxic pond hydraulic detention time is 2~4h, is provided with biologic packing material in the anoxic pond, packing ratio is 30-75%, and anoxic pond adopts perforated pipe aerating regulation.
6, anerobic-anoxia-aerobic-coagulated precipitation method of wastewater treatment according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that anaerobic pond adopts rising streaming Sludge Bed form, and mud is cotton-shaped or particulate state in the pond, and reactor bottom is the cloth pool, and the top is a three-phase separation area.
7, anerobic-anoxia-aerobic-coagulated precipitation method of wastewater treatment according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that the anaerobism hydraulic detention time is 8~24h, reactor highly is 4~12m generally, upflow velocity is 0.05~1.2m/h, the anaerobic pond bottom is a water distribution system, water distribution adopts short tube, and each short tube service area is 1~3m 2, the top, pond of anaerobic pond is triphase separator, and the water outlet circulation is positioned at the triphase separator bottom, and reflux ratio is 50~200%.
8, anerobic-anoxia-aerobic-coagulated precipitation method of wastewater treatment according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the anaerobic pond water outlet enters between anaerobic pond and the Aerobic Pond anoxic pond is set, and is filled with biologic packing material in the anoxic pond, is provided with the perforated pipe aerating regulation system at the bottom of the pond.
9, anerobic-anoxia-aerobic-coagulated precipitation method of wastewater treatment according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the preaeration system is arranged in the equalizing tank, and aeration adopts perforated pipe aerating regulation, and anaerobic pond water outlet and second pond residual active sludge are back in the equalizing tank.
10, anerobic-anoxia-aerobic-coagulated precipitation method of wastewater treatment according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that being used for textile printing and dyeing wastewater and handles, and anaerobic pond effluent recycling position adopts perforated pipe to catchment in the triphase separator bottom.
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