CN1799309A - Corn and capsicum diversity growing method for control of capsicum epidemic disease and corn northern leaf blight - Google Patents
Corn and capsicum diversity growing method for control of capsicum epidemic disease and corn northern leaf blight Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method of controlling hot pepper epidemic disease and corn big spot by cultivating hot pepper and corn in heterogeneity, belonging to plant protection field. The technique project of this invention is: keeping the mode of current hot pepper sprout cultivation and hot pepper and corn field cultivation, the plant distance, line space and density between the hot pepper and corn is the same with normal cultivating method. Opening furrow with width being 2-5m and depth 15-30m in the same field, planting hot pepper with 5-10 lines on the furrow surface, planting corn with 1-2 lines on the two sides of the furrow, the line space between the hot pepper and corn is 10-30cm, the corn seeding time can be same with the hot pepper transplanting time or seeding corn 1-15 days earlier than the hot pepper transplanting time, the hot pepper and corn can be planted relatively or in displacement. The invention can control the hot pepper epidemic disease and corn big spot with a good effect, can reduce the using amount of chemical pesticide greatly, increase product yield per unit area, and possesses outstanding economical, social and ecological benefit and wide application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of controlling the capsicum epidemic disease and the corn northern leaf blight, platymiscium protection field.
Background technology
Capsicum is one of main vegetable crop of the extensive plantation of China, and along with development, the reform of rural area cropping system and the industry restructuring of chilli products processing industry, the pepper cultivation area constantly enlarges, and the annual production of bright green pepper of China and dried green pepper at present occupies first place in the world.Capsicum epidemic disease is a kind of destructive disease on China and whole world capsicum produce, and the field is morbidity in a single day, and capsicum is large stretch of dead in a few days, and area reaches 30%～50%, and the grave illness district is up to 80%～100%.Because being capsicums, the capsicum variety that still non-resistant is stable at present, kind is good, pesticide control produce the important means of preventing and treating eqpidemic disease.Capsicum epidemic disease has the characteristics of soil-borne disease and aeroborne disease, brings great difficulty to disease control work, relies on simple chemical control for a long time and impels germ to develop immunity to drugs also to be present capsicum to produce to go up the eqpidemic disease disease serious key factor takes place.
Corn is a third place in the world generalized grain crop, the second largest cereal crops of China.The corn northern leaf blight is the important disease on the Maize Production, and plant introduced disease rear blade forms the withered spot necrosis of large tracts of land, has a strong impact on photosynthesis and plant strain growth and causes the corn underproduction.It is similar to capsicum epidemic disease that traditional corn northern leaf blight is prevented and treated method, mainly is to use disease-resistant variety and chemical pesticide, and tangible pesticide resistance all appears in above-mentioned two kinds of diseases at present, makes cost increase, control efficiency reduction and the contaminated environment and the agricultural product of pesticide control.Therefore, press for the deficiency that a kind of new method of preventing and treating substituted or remedied existing method.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is the deficiency that overcomes existing method, provide a kind of and can prevent and treat the method that capsicum epidemic disease can be controlled the corn northern leaf blight again so that capsicum and Maize Production can high yield, high-quality, shape up efficiently.
The technical scheme of this method is to keep present capsicum seedling, capsicum and corn field production mode, between capsicum and the capsicum, corn is identical with the conventional cultivation method with spacing in the rows, line-spacing and density between the corn, and ploughing the first furrow as a guideline with conventional identical in the plot, adds kind of a corn in the piece of same field, moisture in the soil face width degree 2～5m, wide 30～the 60cm of dead furrow, dark 15～30cm plant 5～10 row capsicums, maize planting on the both sides, moisture in the soil limit on the moisture in the soil face, every side is planted 1～2 row, and the line-spacing between corn and the capsicum is 10～30cm.Corn seeding phase and capsicum field-transplanting phase can be identical or corn transplant sowing in preceding 1～15 day in capsicum, the spacing in the rows of corn and capsicum can be 40～50cm for 30～40cm, line-spacing, corn and capsicum can misplace to sky and plant.The kind of corn and capsicum is not limit.
This method is to have carried out extensive and deep investigation in pathogen, generation development and propagation harm to the capsicum epidemic disease and the corn northern leaf blight, and on the basis that the multiple method of preventing and treating is compared, invented and utilized the species diversity principle capsicum and corn to be carried out the method for the intercropping control capsicum epidemic disease and the corn northern leaf blight.Capsicum and corn plants height differ greatly, form three-dimensional plant group after both intercropping and be unfavorable for the environment that disease takes place, corn is not the host of capsicum epidemic disease, and the corn northern leaf blight can not infect capsicum, thereby thereby can block mutually each other that the route of transmission of disease reaches good control effect.Simultaneously because shading of corn reduced " sunscald " of capsicum in summer; Corn self is because the reduction of planting density and improved by optical condition has strengthened the resistivity to leaf blight, and single plant yield also is improved.The application of this method has strengthened the stability of field ecosystem, has improved the anti-disaster ability of crops, has reduced the usage amount of agricultural chemicals significantly, has remarkable economical, society, ecological benefits.To recovering, preserve and rationally use the variety of crops resource, explore sustainable agriculture and be of great practical significance simultaneously.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
Corn and capsicum diversity growing disease control test, capsicum variety is No. 5, Luo Dan for the little green pepper in Qiu north, corn variety, represents that with C capsicum, M represent corn, establishes 8 processing; Each intercropping 1 row corn of (1) 5 row capsicum both sides is used M
1C
5M
1Expression, the wide 2.2m of moisture in the soil; Each intercropping 1 row corn of (2) 6 row capsicum both sides is used M
1C
6M
1Expression, the wide 2.6m of moisture in the soil; Each intercropping 1 row corn of (3) 7 row capsicum both sides is used M
1C
7M
1Expression, the wide 3m of moisture in the soil; Each intercropping 1 row corn of (4) 8 row capsicum both sides is used M
1C
8M
1Expression, the wide 3.4m of moisture in the soil; Each intercropping 1 row corn of (5) 9 row capsicum both sides is used M
1C
9M
1Expression, the wide 3.8m of moisture in the soil; Each intercropping 1 row corn of (6) 10 row capsicum both sides is used M
1C
10M
1Expression, the wide 4.2m of moisture in the soil; C is used in (7) 10 row capsicum nonocultures
10Expression, the wide 4m of moisture in the soil; M is used in (8) 10 row corn nonocultures
10Expression, the wide 4m of moisture in the soil.The area of each processing is 80m
2, the wide 60cm of dead furrow, dark 30cm.The corn seeding phase is identical with the capsicum transplanting phase, and the seeding row spacing of capsicum is 40 * 50cm, and the spacing in the rows of corn is 40cm, and the line-spacing between corn and the capsicum is 20cm.Volume analysis is calculated with dry red pepper and corn kernel, and the output value is calculated with 6.00 yuan/kg of dried green pepper, 1.50 yuan/kg of corn kernel.
The analytical method of example is with example one subsequently.
Table 1 capsicum corn intercrop is to the control effect of the capsicum epidemic disease and the corn northern leaf blight
| Numbering | Handle | Capsicum epidemic disease | The corn northern leaf blight | ||||
| The incidence of disease (%) | Disease index | Preventive effect (%) | The incidence of disease (%) | Disease index | Preventive effect (%) | ||
| (1) | M 1C 5M 1 | 20.00 | 4.67 | 69.63 | 25.33 | 6.93 | 42.98 |
| (2) | M 1C 6M 1 | 22.22 | 6.33 | 58.84 | 24.00 | 6.67 | 45.12 |
| (3) | M 1C 7M 1 | 23.33 | 6.36 | 58.64 | 21.33 | 5.33 | 56.12 |
| (4) | M 1C 8M 1 | 23.89 | 6.64 | 56.87 | 20.00 | 4.80 | 60.48 |
| (5) | M 1C 9M 1 | 24.44 | 8.67 | 43.65 | 18.67 | 4.27 | 64.87 |
| (6) | M 1C 10M 1 | 26.67 | 10.00 | 34.99 | 18.22 | 3.73 | 69.31 |
| (7) | C 10 | 33.33 | 15.39 | ||||
| (8) | M 10 | 34.67 | 12.15 | ||||
The output of table 2 capsicum corn intercrop and output value situation
| Numbering | Handle | Dried green pepper output (kg/ mu) | Corn yield (kg/ mu) | The dried green pepper output value (unit/mu) | The corn output value (unit/mu) | The gross output value (unit/mu) | Economic precedence |
| (1) | M 1C 5M 1 | 161.34 | 192.68 | 968.04 | 289.02 | 1257.06 | 3 |
| (2) | M 1C 6M 1 | 164.01 | 181.01 | 984.06 | 271.52 | 1255.58 | 4 |
| (3) | M 1C 7M 1 | 167.02 | 171.35 | 1002.12 | 257.03 | 1259.15 | 2 |
| (4) | M 1C 8M 1 | 169.68 | 152.02 | 1018.08 | 228.03 | 1246.11 | 5 |
| (5) | M 1C 9M 1 | 172.67 | 137.34 | 1036.02 | 206.01 | 1242.03 | 6 |
| (6) | M 1C 10M 1 | 177.33 | 133.01 | 1063.98 | 199.52 | 1263.50 | 1 |
| (7) | C 10 | 186.01 | 1116.06 | 1116.06 | 7 | ||
| (8) | M 10 | 412.03 | 618.05 | 618.05 | 8 |
Embodiment two
Corn and the test of capsicum diversity growing control disease, capsicum variety are that elder brother green pepper No. 2, corn variety are logical single No. 2, establish 6 processing: each intercropping 2 row corn of (1) 5 row capsicum both sides, use M
2C
5M
2Expression; Each intercropping 2 row corn of (2) 6 row capsicum both sides are used M
2C
6M
2Expression; Each intercropping 2 row corn of (3) 8 row capsicum both sides are used M
2C
8M
2Expression; Each intercropping 2 row corn of (4) 10 row capsicum both sides are used M
2C
10M
2Expression; C is used in (5) 12 row capsicum nonocultures
12Expression; M is used in (6) 12 row corn nonocultures
12Expression.The wide 30cm of dead furrow, dark 15cm, each processing area is 200m
2, corn is transplanted sowing in preceding 10 days in capsicum, and the seeding row spacing of corn and capsicum is 40 * 40cm, and the line-spacing between corn and the capsicum is 10cm.
Table 3 capsicum corn intercrop is to the control effect of disease
| Numbering | Handle | Capsicum epidemic disease | The corn northern leaf blight | ||||
| The incidence of disease (%) | Disease index | Preventive effect (%) | The incidence of disease (%) | Disease index | Preventive effect (%) | ||
| (1) | M 2C 5M 2 | 18.51 | 5.63 | 86.57 | 49.35 | 26.17 | 45.81 |
| (2) | M 2C 6M 2 | 19.84 | 5.98 | 85.73 | 47.62 | 25.34 | 47.53 |
| (3) | M 2C 8M 2 | 20.37 | 6.34 | 84.88 | 45.27 | 24.71 | 48.83 |
| (4) | M 2C 10M 2 | 24.25 | 8.95 | 78.65 | 41.59 | 22.60 | 53.20 |
| (5) | C 12 | 71.33 | 41.92 | ||||
| (6) | M 12 | 76.41 | 48.29 | ||||
The output of table 4 capsicum corn intercrop and output value situation
| Numbering | Handle | Dried green pepper output (kg/ mu) | Corn yield (kg/ mu) | Compound output (kg/ mu) | The dried green pepper output value (unit/mu) | The corn output value (unit/mu) | The gross output value (unit/mu) |
| (1) | M 2C 5M 2 | 162.37 | 256.38 | 418.75 | 974.22 | 384.57 | 1358.79 |
| (2) | M 2C 6M 2 | 163.01 | 252.23 | 415.24 | 978.06 | 378.35 | 1356.41 |
| (3) | M 2C 7M 2 | 165.27 | 249.44 | 414.71 | 991.62 | 374.16 | 1365.78 |
| (4) | M 2C 8M 2 | 168.41 | 245.21 | 13.62 | 1010.46 | 376.82 | 1378.28 |
| (5) | C 12 | 186.34 | 186.34 | 1118.04 | 1118.04 | ||
| (6) | M 12 | 432.96 | 432.96 | 649.44 | 649.44 |
Embodiment three
With the field comparative trial, corn variety is that single No. 6 of road, capsicum variety are that grind No. nine in Hunan, establishes 3 processing, and each intercropping 1 row corn of (1) 6 row capsicum both sides is used M
1C
6M
1Expression; C is used in (2) 6 row capsicum nonocultures
6Expression; M is used in (3) 6 row corn nonocultures
6Expression.Each processing area is 200m
2, the seeding row spacing of capsicum is 30 * 40cm, the wide 30cm of dead furrow, dark 15cm.Line-spacing between corn and the capsicum is 30cm.
Table 5 capsicum corn intercrop is to the control effect of disease
| Numbering | Handle | Capsicum epidemic disease | The corn northern leaf blight | ||||
| The incidence of disease (%) | Disease index | Preventive effect (%) | The incidence of disease (%) | Disease index | Preventive effect (%) | ||
| (1) | M 1C 6M 1 | 26.47 | 10.58 | 74.76 | 40.25 | 22.34 | 53.74 |
| (2) | C 6 | 71.33 | 41.92 | ||||
| (3) | M 6 | 76.41 | 48.29 | ||||
The output of table 6 capsicum corn intercrop and output value situation
| Numbering | Handle | Dried green pepper output (kg/ mu) | Corn yield (kg/ mu) | Compound output (kg/ mu) | The dried green pepper output value (unit/mu) | The corn output value (unit/mu) | The gross output value (unit/mu) |
| (1) | M 1C 6M 1 | 171.08 | 233.54 | 404.62 | 1026.48 | 350.31 | 1376.79 |
| (2) | C 6 | 186.34 | 186.34 | 1118.04 | 1118.04 | ||
| (3) | M 6 | 432.96 | 432.96 | 649.44 | 649.44 |
Embodiment four
With the field comparative trial, corn variety is that Xing Huangdan 892, capsicum variety are hot red pepper No. one, establishes 3 processing: each intercropping 2 row corn of (1) 5 row capsicum both sides, use M
2C
5M
2Expression; C is used in (2) 7 row capsicum nonocultures
7Expression; M is used in (3) 7 row corn nonocultures
7Expression.Each processing area is 200m
2, the wide 40cm of dead furrow, dark 25cm.Corn is transplanted sowing in preceding 15 days in capsicum, and the seeding row spacing of corn and capsicum is 40 * 50cm, and the line-spacing between corn and the capsicum is 20cm.
Table 7 capsicum corn intercrop is to the control effect of disease
| Numbering | Handle | Capsicum epidemic disease | The corn northern leaf blight | ||||
| The incidence of disease (%) | Disease index | Preventive effect (%) | The incidence of disease (%) | Disease index | Preventive effect (%) | ||
| (1) | M 2C 5M 2 | 16.29 | 7.53 | 77.07 | 24.39 | 11.38 | 41.76 |
| (2) | C 7 | 56.74 | 32.84 | ||||
| (3) | M 7 | 34.57 | 19.54 | ||||
The output of table 8 capsicum corn intercrop and output value situation
| Numbering | Handle | Dried green pepper output (kg/ mu) | Corn yield (kg/ mu) | Compound output (kg/ mu) | The dried green pepper output value (unit/mu) | The corn output value (unit/mu) | The gross output value (unit/mu) |
| (1) | M 2C 5M 2 | 116.87 | 240.57 | 357.44 | 701.22 | 360.86 | 1062.08 |
| (2) | C 7 | 235.73 | 235.73 | 1414.38 | 1414.38 | ||
| (3) | M 7 | 483.82 | 483.82 | 725.73 | 725.73 |
Embodiment five
With the field comparative trial, corn variety is a line green pepper 8819 for single No. 4 of meeting, capsicum variety, establishes 3 processing: each intercropping 1 row corn of (1) 8 row capsicum both sides, use M
1C
8M
1Expression; C is used in (2) 8 row capsicum nonocultures
8Expression; M is used in (3) 8 row corn nonocultures
8Expression.Each processing area is 200m
2, corn is transplanted sowing in preceding 10 days in capsicum, and the seeding row spacing of corn and capsicum is 30 * 40cm, and the line-spacing between corn and the capsicum is 30cm.
Table 9 capsicum corn intercrop is to the control effect of disease
| Numbering | Handle | Capsicum epidemic disease | The corn northern leaf blight | ||||
| The incidence of disease (%) | Disease index | Preventive effect (%) | The incidence of disease (%) | Disease index | Preventive effect (%) | ||
| (1) | M 1C 8M 1 | 20.35 | 10.42 | 52.05 | 19.25 | 8.43 | 68.44 |
| (2) | C 8 | 35.67 | 21.73 | ||||
| (3) | M 8 | 43.79 | 26.71 | ||||
The output of table 10 capsicum corn intercrop and output value situation
| Numbering | Handle | Dried green pepper output (kg/ mu) | Corn yield (kg/ mu) | Compound output (kg/ mu) | The dried green pepper output value (unit/mu) | The corn output value (unit/mu) | The gross output value (unit/mu) |
| (1) | M 1C 8M 1 | 211.87 | 227.31 | 439.18 | 1271.22 | 340.97 | 1612.19 |
| (2) | C 8 | 214.69 | 214.69 | 1288.14 | 1288.14 | ||
| (3) | M 8 | 452.49 | 452.49 | 678.74 | 678.74 |
The above results shows, though corn or capsicum variety difference, the degree that its corresponding disease takes place is different, but corn and capsicum diversity growing are a kind of effective ways of controlling the capsicum epidemic disease and the corn northern leaf blight, wherein the sick effect of the control of capsicum epidemic disease is prevented and treated increase with the reduction of capsicum line number, the sick effect of the control of the corn northern leaf blight is prevented and treated increase with the increase of capsicum line number.The combination of corn large group and capsicum microcommunity is favourable to the control of capsicum epidemic disease, but because the capsicum economic worth is higher than corn, for embodying the benefit of capsicum corn diversity growing, should notice that the corn pepper proportioning is suitable.In a word, this technology can alleviate the harm of the capsicum epidemic disease and the corn northern leaf blight, reduce the use of chemical pesticide significantly, and remarkable economical, society and ecological benefits are arranged.
Claims (8)
1. the method for corn and the capsicum diversity growing control capsicum epidemic disease and the corn northern leaf blight, keep present capsicum seedling and field production mode, between capsicum and the capsicum, corn is identical with the conventional cultivation method with spacing in the rows, line-spacing and density between the corn, plough the first furrow as a guideline with conventional identical in the plot, it is characterized in that: in the piece of same field, add kind of a corn, moisture in the soil face width degree 2～5m, wide 30～the 60cm of dead furrow, dark 15～30cm, plant 5～10 row capsicums on the moisture in the soil face, maize planting on the both sides, moisture in the soil limit, every side are planted 1～2 row, and the line-spacing between corn and the capsicum is 10～30cm.
2. the method for corn according to claim 1 and the capsicum diversity growing control capsicum epidemic disease and the corn northern leaf blight, it is characterized in that: the corn seeding phase is identical with the capsicum field-transplanting phase.
3. the method for corn according to claim 1 and the capsicum diversity growing control capsicum epidemic disease and the corn northern leaf blight is characterized in that: corn is transplanted sowing in preceding 1～15 day in capsicum.
4. the method for corn according to claim 1 and the capsicum diversity growing control capsicum epidemic disease and the corn northern leaf blight is characterized in that: capsicum variety selects the little green pepper in Qiu north, Hunan to grind No. nine, elder brother green pepper No. 2, hot red pepper No., line green pepper 8819 or all capsicum varieties.
5. corn according to claim 1 and capsicum diversity growing are controlled the method for the capsicum epidemic disease and the corn northern leaf blight, it is characterized in that: corn variety is selected No. 5, Luo Dan, single No. 6 of road, No. 2, logical list, single No. 4 of meeting, Xing Huangdan 892 or all corn varieties.
6. the method for corn according to claim 1 and the capsicum diversity growing control capsicum epidemic disease and the corn northern leaf blight is characterized in that: corn and capsicum are to sky dislocation plantation.
7. the method for corn according to claim 1 and the capsicum diversity growing control capsicum epidemic disease and the corn northern leaf blight is characterized in that: 1 row corn is respectively planted in both sides, moisture in the soil limit.
8. the method for corn according to claim 1 and the capsicum diversity growing control capsicum epidemic disease and the corn northern leaf blight is characterized in that: 2 row corns are respectively planted in both sides, moisture in the soil limit.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102487673A (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2012-06-13 | 云南农业大学 | High-yield planting method of interplanting pepper and corn to control diseases and pests |
| CN103975734A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-13 | 山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Planting method for controlling diseases by companion planting of sweet peppers and pod peppers |
| CN104145670A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-11-19 | 山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Planting method for controlling pimento epidemic diseases by interplanting field of pimento with garlic |
| CN104396514A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-03-11 | 界首市宏强农副产品发展有限公司 | Method for interplanting chilli pepper and waxy corn in Anhui region |
| CN104429479A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-03-25 | 云南农业大学 | Method for ecological control over spreading of crop epidemic diseases based on inter-restriction between maize roots and phytophthora |
| CN104472161A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-04-01 | 沈阳大学 | Method for restoring slight and medium cadmium polluted soil by maize-capsicum intercropping |
| CN105027930A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-11-11 | 温州市农业科学研究院作物研究所 | Cultivation method for protecting sweet corn from smut |
| CN113661886A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-19 | 东北农业大学 | Ecological cultivation method for preventing and controlling pepper phytophthora blight and enhancing quality and efficiency by planting dandelion |
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2005
- 2005-12-27 CN CN 200510048761 patent/CN1799309A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102487673A (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2012-06-13 | 云南农业大学 | High-yield planting method of interplanting pepper and corn to control diseases and pests |
| CN103975734A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-13 | 山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Planting method for controlling diseases by companion planting of sweet peppers and pod peppers |
| CN104145670A (en) * | 2014-08-01 | 2014-11-19 | 山西省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Planting method for controlling pimento epidemic diseases by interplanting field of pimento with garlic |
| CN104429479A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-03-25 | 云南农业大学 | Method for ecological control over spreading of crop epidemic diseases based on inter-restriction between maize roots and phytophthora |
| CN104396514A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-03-11 | 界首市宏强农副产品发展有限公司 | Method for interplanting chilli pepper and waxy corn in Anhui region |
| CN104472161A (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2015-04-01 | 沈阳大学 | Method for restoring slight and medium cadmium polluted soil by maize-capsicum intercropping |
| CN105027930A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-11-11 | 温州市农业科学研究院作物研究所 | Cultivation method for protecting sweet corn from smut |
| CN113661886A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-19 | 东北农业大学 | Ecological cultivation method for preventing and controlling pepper phytophthora blight and enhancing quality and efficiency by planting dandelion |
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