CN1789993A - Method and apparatus for quickly detecting spoilage of fresh meat - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for quickly detecting spoilage of fresh meat Download PDFInfo
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- CN1789993A CN1789993A CN 200510057438 CN200510057438A CN1789993A CN 1789993 A CN1789993 A CN 1789993A CN 200510057438 CN200510057438 CN 200510057438 CN 200510057438 A CN200510057438 A CN 200510057438A CN 1789993 A CN1789993 A CN 1789993A
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- leachate
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid detecting method and device , which comprises the following steps: utilizing the positive relative relationship of electric conduction ratio and fresh meat deterioration degree; patterning the immersed liquid of the sample fresh meat into cylinder column; adapting four-electrode method and relative detecting circuit. The device is a pipe system, which contains injection opening, cylinder pattern measuring-proof cavity, output pump and outlet opening, wherein the measuring-proof circuit contains four electrode terminals, sinusoid signal generator, A-to-D switching device, stabilized circuit, calculator, display and controller. The invention shortens the detecting time, which needn't prepare any agent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detection method and device thereof of spoilage of fresh meat.
Background technology
Along with improving constantly of China people's living standard, meat products occupies significant proportion in people's diet structure.Because fresh meat is rich in nutritional labeling and moisture, and is very easily putrid and deteriorated, is related to food hygiene, its consequence is influence people healthy, and therefore, it is heavy day by day that the market meat products detects task, and the research of fresh meat freshness detection technique becomes very necessary.At present, domestic check livestock and poultry meat is mainly based on organoleptic examination (vision, sense of smell, sense of touch), and laboratory inspection is auxilliary.And have all more complicated of laboratory method now, therefore, have only when organoleptic examination can not be judged the just chamber of experimentizing calibrating.The main content of measuring volatility base nitrogen (TVB-N) in the fresh meat is with the objective indicator as the evaluation freshness of meat.TVB-N is the volatility alkalescence material that protein produces under the effect of bacterium and catabolic enzyme, the cardinal principle of this method is during according to spoilage of fresh meat, the growth of ion concentration and the metamorphic grade of the fresh meat relation of being proportionate, promptly ion concentration increases along with the progressively rotten of fresh meat.Yet when detecting fresh meat with the TVB-N method, the conditional request of reagent preparation is higher, and expense is big; And operative skill requires high, and minute is long, and instrument is easy cleaning not also.Therefore, existing TVB-N detection method and device thereof can not adapt to growing needs, more are not suitable for testing at the scene.
Shen Lian waits [" Food Science " 1996 (Vol.17No.3) clearly, the research of electrochemical process fast detecting meat freshness] show the conductivity and the TVB-N of fresh meat leachate by experiment, total number of bacteria and other comprehensive index of formulating have good correlativity, draw electricity and lead the freshness that can replace these indexs to judge fresh meat.Zhou Dongxiang etc. [" Shanghai Aquatic Products Univ. 9CN)'s journal ", in September, 1997 (Vol.6No.3) is with the method research of electrochemical process fast detecting freshness of freshwater fish] with silver carp as sample, the relation of conductivity and fresh-water fishes freshness is studied, the conductivity and the TVB-N that have drawn for silver carp have the favorable linearity correlativity, can be with its index as the freshness of judging silver carp.Regrettably, they and other do not have the positive correlation according to the conductivity and the spoilage of fresh meat degree of fresh meat leachate per capita, further propose the concrete grammar and the device of the conductivity of measuring samples fresh meat leachate.
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention provides a kind of method of energy fast detecting spoilage of fresh meat;
Second purpose of the present invention provides a kind of device that uses said method to carry out the fast detecting spoilage of fresh meat.
For reaching first purpose of the present invention, provide a kind of like this method for quick of spoilage of fresh meat.This method is the positive correlation according to the conductivity of fresh meat leachate and spoilage of fresh meat degree, and the impedance by the measuring samples fresh meat leachate realizes.Method of the present invention may further comprise the steps;
A, the leachate of sample fresh meat is injected into measurement chamber that this leachate is defined as the column type fluid column;
In b, the leachate in measuring the chamber, adopting four electrode method to measure---each galvanic electrode is inserted at the two ends in this leaching fluid column, respectively inserts a voltage electrode in the inboard of two galvanic electrodes;
C, input detects electric current to leachate by two galvanic electrodes
Measure two voltage between the voltage electrode simultaneously;
D, use formula
Calculate two leachate impedance Z between voltage electrode;
E, in conjunction with the distance between the diameter of column type leachate and two voltage electrodes, calculate sample fresh meat leachate conductivity; According to the positive correlation of this conductivity and spoilage of fresh meat degree, judge whether it goes bad and rotten degree.
From the scheme of above-mentioned realization first goal of the invention, be not difficult to find out, compare with TVB-N method detection fresh meat with existing, easier with method provided by the invention.Because, the responsive parameter of easily measuring again of reaction when conductivity is spoilage of fresh meat.So, detect fresh meat with method of the present invention, can reach the purpose of fast detecting; From scheme, also be not difficult to find out in the step of detection method of the present invention, there is not, also do not need to prepare any reagent.Testing cost will reduce widely.Simultaneously, not high to the requirement of detecting operation technical ability yet.
For reaching second purpose of the present invention, provide a kind of like this utilization to reach the device for fast detecting of the spoilage of fresh meat of the first purpose method, this device is a piping system.This piping system comprise the sample fresh meat leachate inlet, be positioned at its two ends after this inlet the leachate impedance measurement chamber of the column type of a switching control pilot respectively arranged, be positioned at the discharge pump after this measurements chamber and be positioned at this discharge pump leachate escape hole afterwards.In measuring the chamber, be arranged with four electrode terminals according to four electrode method, its rear and front end be that the inboard of two galvanic electrodes, two galvanic electrodes is two voltage electrodes, these four electrodes and operational amplifier, sine wave signal generator, A/D conversion equipment, mu balanced circuit, arithmetical unit, display and controller are formed the leachate impedance measuring circuit jointly.
As said in aforesaid detection method, when detecting, the inlet of sample fresh meat leachate from this device injected; After being defined as the column type fluid column in the measurement chamber of this leachate at this device, logical the going up of two galvanic electrodes detected electric current; Simultaneously, measure the voltage between two voltage electrodes, the impedance of calculation sample fresh meat leachate; Calculate the conductivity of sample fresh meat leachate again; At last, according to the positive correlation of the conductivity and the spoilage of fresh meat degree of fresh meat leachate, determine that the sample fresh meat is whether rotten or judge its metamorphic grade.
From the scheme of above-mentioned realization second goal of the invention, be not difficult to find out, compare with existing device with TVB-N method detection fresh meat, piping system of the present invention is quite compact, simple to operate, can make portablely as required, be highly suitable for the on-the-spot device that detects.
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Description of drawings
The systematic schematic diagram of the device for fast detecting of Fig. 1-spoilage of fresh meat of the present invention
Fig. 2-four electrode method schematic diagram of the present invention
Measure the partial enlarged drawing in chamber among Fig. 3-Fig. 1
Embodiment
A kind of method for quick of spoilage of fresh meat (with reference to figure 1).It is the positive correlation according to the conductivity of fresh meat leachate and spoilage of fresh meat degree, and the impedance by the measuring samples fresh meat leachate realizes.This method may further comprise the steps:
A, the leachate of sample fresh meat is injected into measurement chamber 2 that this leachate is defined as the column type fluid column;
In b, the leachate in measuring chamber 2, adopting four electrode method (with reference to figure 2) to measure---each galvanic electrode (C1, C2) is inserted at the two ends in this leaching fluid column, respectively inserts a voltage electrode (P1, P2) in the inboard of two galvanic electrodes (C1, C2);
C, leachate input is detected electric current by two galvanic electrodes (C1, C2)
Measure the voltage between two voltage electrodes (P1, P2) simultaneously;
D, use formula
Calculate the leachate impedance Z between two voltage electrodes (P1, P2);
E, in conjunction with the diameter d of column type leachate and the distance L between two voltage electrodes (P1, P2), calculate sample fresh meat leachate conductivity.As is known to the person skilled in the art, this conductivity
Then, according to the positive correlation of this conductivity and spoilage of fresh meat degree, judge whether it goes bad and rotten degree.
In this detection method,, adopt four electrode method for eliminating the influence of contact resistance.The principle of four electrode method is (with reference to figure 2), when electric current I is passed through galvanic electrode (C1, the C2) terminal of resistor R (fluid column of simulation leachate), by voltage U between measuring voltage electrode (P1, the P2) two ends, calculate resistance value R=U/I, such resistor is called four-terminal resistor.When the resistance of voltmeter V is higher, the electric current that flows through voltmeter V very hour, even lead-in wire has resistance (R
P1, R
P2) exist, can not produce big voltage drop, so the reading of voltmeter V can be represented the pressure drop at resistor R two ends yet.In the closed-loop path by galvanic electrode (C1, C2) terminal, even leaded resistance (P
C1, R
C2) exist, flowing through the electric current I of resistor R, also can accurately measure by galvanometer A.Therefore all lead resistances in the circuit are little to the measurement result influence, so R=V/A is arranged.
Use above-mentioned detection method, propose a kind of device for fast detecting of spoilage of fresh meat, this device is a piping system (with reference to figure 1).This piping system comprise the sample fresh meat leachate inlet 1, be positioned at its two ends after this inlet 1 the leachate impedance measurement chamber 2 of the column type of a switching control pilot (V1, V2) respectively arranged, be positioned at the discharge pump 3 after this measurements chamber 2 and be positioned at this discharge pump 3 leachate escape hole 4 afterwards.Leachate escape hole 4 inserts in the waste collection case.In measuring chamber 2, be arranged with four electrode terminals according to four electrode method, its rear and front end be that the inboard of two galvanic electrodes (C1, C2), two galvanic electrodes (C1, C2) is two voltage electrodes (P1, P2).These four electrodes and operational amplifier, sine wave signal generator, A/D conversion equipment, mu balanced circuit, arithmetical unit, display and controller are formed leachate impedance measuring circuit (because obvious, the block diagram of the metering circuit part mu balanced circuit that do not draw among Fig. 1) jointly.
In this embodiment, sine wave signal generator wherein, A/D conversion equipment and arithmetical unit are connected with controller respectively, and controller is connected with display again with arithmetical unit.The signal output part of this sine wave signal generator successively with a galvanic electrode C1, measure an input end polyphone of fresh meat leachate, another galvanic electrode C2 and an operational amplifier A 2 in the chamber 2, another input end grounding of this operational amplifier A 2; The output terminal that two voltage electrodes (P1, P2) are connected to these two operational amplifiers (A1, A2) on two input ends of another operational amplifier A 1 is connected with the A/D conversion equipment respectively.
Disclose so far, those skilled in the art only by conventional electronic production and debugging, just can correctly reproduce the present invention again in conjunction with superiority introduction of the present invention; Can also require to design its technical characterictic various installed identical according to some additional performance with the essential features of device of the present invention.So the disclosed content of above-mentioned embodiment also is following each routine summation, in following each example, the content identical with this summation part do not given unnecessary details.
Embodiment 1 (with reference to figure 1):
This example is on the basis of said summation part, to wherein device for fast detecting carry out improved for example.
In this example, be provided with a photoelectric sensor S1 at leachate inlet 1 and apart from it between the nearest switching control pilot V1, respectively be provided with a photoelectric sensor (S2, S3) at two galvanic electrodes (C1, C2) and apart between their nearest separately switching control pilots (V1, V2); Three photoelectric sensors (S1, S2, S3) all are connected with controller.
Because this three electric transducers (S1, S2, S3) have been arranged, after injecting the leachate of sample from inlet 1, controller is the automatically starting process of measurement just.
Embodiment 2 (with reference to figure 1):
This example is on the basis of said summation part, wherein device for fast detecting is carried out another is improved for example; Or on the basis of embodiment 1, further improved for example to it.
In this example, the switching control pilot V2 of close discharge pump 3 (discharge pump 3 in this example is peristaltic pump) is a two position two-way valve, and the switching control pilot V1 of close leachate inlet 1 is three two-port valves.Be connected with one at these three two-port valve places and clean house steward 5, be connected with distilled water input pipe 6, salt water inlet pipe 7 on this cleaning house steward 5 and be positioned at the pressurized air input pipe 8 of distal-most end.This distilled water input pipe 6, salt water inlet pipe 7 respectively have three two-port valves (V3, V4) with the connection place of cleaning house steward 5, and pressurized air input pipe 8 has a two position two-way valve V5 with the connection place of cleaning house steward 5.
Obviously, the improvement in this example is to increase the pipe system that a cover cleans usefulness on the basis of measuring pipe system, this purging system has been arranged after, can avoid residual style influence to measure next time.
Embodiment 3 (with reference to figure 1):
This example is on the basis of embodiment 2, and is further improved for example to it.
In this example, three all two-port valves all are connected with controller by a multi-way switch with two position two-way valve (V1, V2, V3, V4, V5).
Had this example to improve to be increased, control the structure of all three two-port valves and two position two-way valve (V1, V2, V3, V4, V5) opening and closing by multi-way switch by controller after, whole detection device just can have been measured automatically and apace.
Now, use detection method of the present invention, 3 device in conjunction with the embodiments, whether detection step rotten or its metamorphic grade is further disclosed to fresh meat.
When each the measurement:
(1) with disposable needle tubing the leachate of sample fresh meat is injected this piping system from inlet 1.
(2) after photoelectric sensor S1 has the leachate signal, by the multi-way switch of controller control switching control pilot V1 is transferred to the position that allows leachate can enter measurement chamber 2, start peristaltic pump (being discharge pump 3) simultaneously chamber 2 is measured in the leachate inspiration.
(3) after photoelectric sensor S2, S3 all have the leachate signal, by the multi-way switch of controller control switching control pilot V1 and switching control pilot V2 are transferred to off-position, then begin to measure record and video data.Wherein, the electric current of two galvanic electrodes (C1, C2) of flowing through adopts sinusoidal ac signal, and sine wave signal generator adopts the controlled programmable signal generator chip of frequency.Only need select the fixed frequency relatively sensitiveer, for example a 1kHz when doing general mensuration for use to sample.When spoilage of fresh meat, the conductivity of rotten sample will be higher than the conductivity of normal sample, and sensor two terminal impedances diminish, and size and character (character comprises capacitive character and resistive etc.) according to impedance calculate rotten grade by the arithmetical unit that links to each other with controller.
Optional multi-frequency pattern when making classification and determination, along with frequency increases, whole measuring process will increase.
(4) measurement data that directly shows according to the display in the pick-up unit draws the rotten grade of meat.
(5) measure finish after, come by-pass cock operation valve V1 by controller by multi-way switch, allow testing conduit with clean house steward 5 UNICOMs; Then, open three two-port valves (V3, V4) and two position two-way valve V5 by controller in turn by multi-way switch, allow distilled water input pipe 6, salt water inlet pipe 7 and pressurized air input pipe 8 take turns and cleaning house steward 5 UNICOMs, with the compressed air rinsing testing conduit after distilled water, salt solution, the filtration.Finish one-time detection.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of method for quick of spoilage of fresh meat, it is the positive correlation according to the conductivity of fresh meat leachate and spoilage of fresh meat degree, the impedance by the measuring samples fresh meat leachate realizes, it is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
A, the leachate of sample fresh meat is injected into measurement chamber (2) that this leachate is defined as the column type fluid column;
In b, the leachate in measuring chamber (2), adopt four electrode method to measure; Each galvanic electrode (C1, C2) is inserted at two ends in this leaches fluid column, respectively inserts a voltage electrode (P1, P2) in the inboard of two galvanic electrodes (C1, C2);
C, leachate input is detected electric current by two galvanic electrodes (C1, C2)
Measure the voltage between two voltage electrodes (P1, P2) simultaneously
D, use formula
Calculate the leachate impedance Z between two voltage electrodes (P1, P2);
E, in conjunction with the diameter (d) of column type leachate and the distance (L) between two voltage electrodes (P1, P2), calculate sample fresh meat leachate conductivity; According to the positive correlation of this conductivity and spoilage of fresh meat degree, judge whether it goes bad and rotten degree.
2, a kind of device for fast detecting that uses the spoilage of fresh meat of the described method of claim 1 is characterized in that, this device is a piping system; This piping system comprise the sample fresh meat leachate inlet (1), be positioned at this inlet (1) its two ends afterwards the leachate impedance measurement chamber (2) of the column type of a switching control pilot (V1, V2) respectively arranged, be positioned at this measurement chamber (2) afterwards discharge pump (3) and be positioned at this discharge pump (3) leachate escape hole (4) afterwards; In measuring chamber (2), be arranged with four electrode terminals according to four electrode method, its rear and front end be that the inboard of two galvanic electrodes (C1, C2), two galvanic electrodes (C1, C2) is two voltage electrodes (P1, P2), these four electrodes and operational amplifier, sine wave signal generator, A/D conversion equipment, mu balanced circuit, arithmetical unit, display and controller are formed the leachate impedance measuring circuit jointly.
3, the device for fast detecting of spoilage of fresh meat according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: be provided with a photoelectric sensor (S1) at described leachate inlet (1) and apart from it between the nearest switching control pilot (V1), respectively be provided with a photoelectric sensor (S2, S3) at described galvanic electrode (C1, C2) and apart between their nearest separately switching control pilots (V1, V2); Three photoelectric sensors (S1, S2, S3) all are connected with described controller.
According to the device for fast detecting of claim 2 or 3 described spoilage of fresh meat, it is characterized in that 4, the switching control pilot (V2) of close described discharge pump (3) is a two position two-way valve; Switching control pilot (V1) near described leachate inlet (1) is three two-port valves, be connected with one at these three two-port valve places and clean house steward (5), be connected with distilled water input pipe (6), salt water inlet pipe (7) on this cleaning house steward (5) and be positioned at the pressurized air input pipe (8) of distal-most end; This distilled water input pipe (6), salt water inlet pipe (7) respectively have three two-port valves (V3, V4) with the connection place of cleaning house steward (5), and pressurized air input pipe (8) has a two position two-way valve (V5) with the connection place of cleaning house steward (5).
5, the device for fast detecting of spoilage of fresh meat according to claim 4 is characterized in that, three all two-port valves all are connected with described controller by a multi-way switch with two position two-way valve (V1, V2, V3, V4, V5).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2005100574384A CN100343659C (en) | 2005-12-14 | 2005-12-14 | Method and apparatus for quickly detecting spoilage of fresh meat |
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| CNB2005100574384A CN100343659C (en) | 2005-12-14 | 2005-12-14 | Method and apparatus for quickly detecting spoilage of fresh meat |
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| CN1789993A true CN1789993A (en) | 2006-06-21 |
| CN100343659C CN100343659C (en) | 2007-10-17 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100465633C (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2009-03-04 | 清华大学 | Hand-operated electrochemistry analyzer |
| CN102498389A (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2012-06-13 | 伊莱克斯家用产品股份有限公司 | A food probe and a method for recognizing the type of a food and monitoring a cooking process of a food stuff |
| CN101788515B (en) * | 2010-01-25 | 2012-12-19 | 首都医科大学附属北京口腔医院 | Method for detecting bacteria by using electrochemical impedance principle and microfluidic chip |
| CN107003268A (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2017-08-01 | 亚德诺半导体集团 | With control circuit that sensor is used together and including the measuring system of the control circuit |
| CN109564650A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2019-04-02 | 开利公司 | Sanitation management system for Perishable Freight Transport |
| CN110618094A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-12-27 | 山西省平遥牛肉集团有限公司 | Multi-index composite synchronous detection table for fresh beef and use method |
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| US3924175A (en) * | 1974-02-28 | 1975-12-02 | Petrolite Corp | D.C. system for conductivity measurements |
| US4751466A (en) * | 1987-01-20 | 1988-06-14 | Ford Motor Company | Instrument for on-line measurement of the absolute electrical conductivity of a liquid |
| CN2134651Y (en) * | 1992-08-28 | 1993-05-26 | ***后勤部军事医学研究所 | Meat quality detector having digital display |
| CN2184205Y (en) * | 1993-11-10 | 1994-11-30 | 贺德华 | Tester for meat deterioration and its water content |
| CN2857001Y (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2007-01-10 | 重庆大学 | Fast detector for fresh meat quality |
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- 2005-12-14 CN CNB2005100574384A patent/CN100343659C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100465633C (en) * | 2006-09-15 | 2009-03-04 | 清华大学 | Hand-operated electrochemistry analyzer |
| CN102498389A (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2012-06-13 | 伊莱克斯家用产品股份有限公司 | A food probe and a method for recognizing the type of a food and monitoring a cooking process of a food stuff |
| CN101788515B (en) * | 2010-01-25 | 2012-12-19 | 首都医科大学附属北京口腔医院 | Method for detecting bacteria by using electrochemical impedance principle and microfluidic chip |
| CN107003268A (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2017-08-01 | 亚德诺半导体集团 | With control circuit that sensor is used together and including the measuring system of the control circuit |
| CN107003268B (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2020-11-10 | 亚德诺半导体集团 | Control circuit for use with a sensor and measurement system comprising the control circuit |
| CN109564650A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2019-04-02 | 开利公司 | Sanitation management system for Perishable Freight Transport |
| CN109564650B (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2024-05-10 | 开利公司 | Sanitation management system for perishable cargo transportation |
| CN110618094A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-12-27 | 山西省平遥牛肉集团有限公司 | Multi-index composite synchronous detection table for fresh beef and use method |
| CN110618094B (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2022-03-15 | 山西省平遥牛肉集团有限公司 | Multi-index composite synchronous detection table for fresh beef and use method |
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