CN1768467A - 自适应感应电源 - Google Patents

自适应感应电源 Download PDF

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CN1768467A
CN1768467A CNA200480008891XA CN200480008891A CN1768467A CN 1768467 A CN1768467 A CN 1768467A CN A200480008891X A CNA200480008891X A CN A200480008891XA CN 200480008891 A CN200480008891 A CN 200480008891A CN 1768467 A CN1768467 A CN 1768467A
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power supply
converter
oscillating circuit
contactless power
coupled
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CN1768467B (zh
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D·W·巴曼
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Philips IP Ventures BV
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TONGDA COMMERCIAL GROUP INTERNATIONAL CO
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
    • H02J13/00024—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission by means of mobile telephony
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
    • A61L2/08—Radiation
    • A61L2/10—Ultraviolet radiation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00028—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment involving the use of Internet protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00032—Systems characterised by the controlled or operated power network elements or equipment, the power network elements or equipment not otherwise provided for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
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    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
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    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/538—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a push-pull configuration
    • H02M7/53803—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a push-pull configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/20—Responsive to malfunctions or to light source life; for protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/10—The network having a local or delimited stationary reach
    • H02J2310/20—The network being internal to a load
    • H02J2310/22—The load being a portable electronic device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/46—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for ICE-powered road vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
    • H02M3/015—Resonant DC/DC converters with means for adaptation of resonance frequency, e.g. by modification of capacitance or inductance of resonance circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33571—Half-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/4815—Resonant converters
    • H02M7/4818—Resonant converters with means for adaptation of resonance frequency, e.g. by modification of capacitance or inductance of resonance circuits
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    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
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Abstract

一种无触点电源具有由变换器供电的可动态配置振荡电路。无触点电源感应地耦合到一个或多个负载。变换器连接到DC电源。在将负载添加到***或从***移除时，无触点电源能够更改振荡电路的谐振频率、变换器频率、变换器占空比或DC电源的干线电压。

Description

自适应感应电源
                    相关申请
本申请要求2003年2月4日提交的授予David W.Baarman的题为“自适应感应耦合的镇流器电路”的美国临时申请No.60/444794的优先权和利益。该在先申请的全部公开内容通过引用结合在本文中。本申请是2002年6月18日提交的题为“流体处理***”的美国专利申请No.10/175095的部分继续申请，该申请No.10/175095是2000年6月12日提交的题为“流体处理***”的美国专利申请No.09/592194的部分继续申请。美国专利申请No.09/592194要求1999年6月21日提交的题为“具有感应耦合镇流器的水处理***”的美国临时专利申请No.60/140159和1999年6月21日提交的题为“使用点(Point-of-Use)水处理***”的美国临时专利申请No.60/140090的35U.S.C.§119(e)下的权益。
本申请通过引用结合了与本申请同日提交并转让给同一受让人的以下申请：具有通信能力的自适应感应电源，序列号为10/689148；电感线圈组件，序列号为10/689224；静电荷存储组件，序列号为10/689154；以及，适配器，序列号为10/689375。
技术领域
本发明一般涉及无触点电源，并且更具体地说，涉及感应耦合的无触点电源。
背景技术
无触点能量传输***(CEETS)在没有任何机械连接的情况下将电能从一台设备传送到另一台设备。由于没有机械连接，因此与常规能量***相比CEETS具有许多优点。因为存在很小的由电源的绝缘引起的电火花或电击的危险，因此CEETS一般更安全。由于不存在变得磨损的触点，因此CEETS具有更长的寿命。由于这些优点，CEETS已经用在从牙刷到便携式电话到火车的一切事物中。
CEETS由电源和远程设备组成。远程设备可以是可充电的设备，诸如电池、微型电容器或任何其它可充电的能源。备选地，CEETS可以直接为设备供电。
一种CEETS使用磁感应传递能量。来自电源中初级绕组的能量被感应地传递到可充电设备中的次级绕组。由于次级绕组与初级绕组物理上隔开了，因此感应耦合发生在空气中。
在初级绕组和次级绕组之间没有物理连接的情况下，不存在常规的反馈控制。由此，在CEETS中从初级到次级的能量传递控制是困难的。
一个通用解决方案是设计对一类设备专用的CEETS。例如，用于可再充电牙刷的CEETS设计为仅用于为牙刷再充电，而用于可再充电电话的CEETS仅与特定类型的电话一起工作。虽然该解决方案使CEET可有效地与一种特殊设备一起操作，但该解决方案无法足够灵活地使电源与不同的可再充电设备一起操作。
显然，为每个特定的可充电设备制造CEETS是昂贵而低效的。因此，非常需要一种高效且能与大量设备一起使用的无触点能量传输***。
发明内容
在本发明中克服了上述问题。
无触点电源通过振荡电路(tank circuit)感应地耦合到设备。所述电源具有用于动态调节振荡电路谐振频率的控制器。所述振荡电路可具有可变电容器或可变电感器，或二者都有。在一个实施例中，所述电源还可具有变换器。连接到变换器的驱动电路控制变换器频率和变换器占空比。具有附有存储器的控制器通过驱动电路指导变换器的操作。备选地，变换器还可连接到DC电源。然后，控制器可改变DC电源的干线电压。
通过改变振荡电路的谐振频率、变换器的频率、变换器的占空比以及电源的干线电压，无触点电源可为各种不同设备提供能量。所述电源甚至可以同时为几个不同的设备提供能量。为大量不同设备供电的能力克服了先前与CEETS相关的许多限制。此外，由于所述电源可为各种不同设备提供能量，因此用于为各种小型电子设备供电的单个中央电源是可能的。
在一个实施例中，传感器也可耦合到振荡电路。传感器将监控振荡电路的各种操作特性，诸如振荡电路中的电流相位。这些操作特性指示电源所提供能量的全部负载。当操作特性指示电源不足以为负载供电时，控制器使所述电源搜索改进的配置。
搜索改进的配置的过程可包括以下步骤中的一个或多个。电源可自动尝试通过改变变换器的频率和变换器的占空比来补偿。如果这足以校正电源的效率，则控制器使振荡电路改变其谐振频率。众所周知，振荡电路的谐振频率实际上是集中在某频率附近的范围。振荡电路将在接近谐振频率的频率处谐振。然而，本文描述的自适应电源将振荡电路重新配置为具有基本不同的谐振频率。
振荡电路可由可变电感器或可变电容器或二者组成。然后，控制器将改变可变电感器的电感或可变电容器的电容，或二者都改变，从而使振荡电路具有不同的谐振频率。
控制器还可为DC电源建立新的干线电压。控制器还为变换器设置新的变换器频率和新的占空比。然后自适应电源用新的配置操作。
如果自适应电源仍然没有有效操作，则所述电源将再次尝试通过改变变换器频率和变换器占空比来纠正该问题。如果仍然没有校正该问题，则电源将重复如下过程：重新配置振荡电路，设置新的变换器频率，以及设置新的占空比。
这个电源连续搜索向设备传递功率的最有效设置。然而，如果各种设置都无法有效地向设备传递功率，则电源将选择先前配置中最有效的配置，并用那些设置操作所述电源。
这样，所述电源有效地为多种负载供电。此外，由于所述电源是无触点的，因此用户不必具有大量不同的电源或连接器。
通过参考附图的详细说明，将更容易明白和理解本发明的这些和其它目的、优点和特征。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明一个实施例的自适应电感镇流器的框图；
图2是附加专利申请的谐振搜索镇流器的示意图，标记为显示结合了本发明自适应电感镇流器的改变；
图3是说明自适应电感镇流器操作的流程图；
图4是自适应无触点能量传输***的框图；
图5A和5B是示出自适应无触点能量传输***操作的流程图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种自适应电感镇流器电路，其中电源电路的电感和/或电容是可变的，以提供广泛的适应性，从而使该镇流器电路可为具有广泛不同负载特性的各种感应供电的设备供电。出于公开的目的，结合谐振搜索镇流器电路，并且更具体地说结合题为“感应耦合的镇流器电路”的美国专利申请No.10/246155(其全部内容通过引用结合于本申请)中描述的电感镇流器，来描述本发明。然而，本发明更适合与其它电感镇流器电路一起使用。
图1示出了显示根据本发明一个实施例的自适应电感镇流器10总结构的框图。如图所示，自适应电感镇流器10一般包括：微处理器12，其控制电路的操作；多抽头初级线圈14，用于产生磁场；波形器和驱动子电路16，其产生加到初级线圈14的信号；电流检测子电路18，其监控加到初级线圈14的信号，并为微处理器12提供相应反馈；电容开关20，用于调节波形器和驱动子电路16中的电容值；以及电感开关22，用于调节多抽头初级线圈14的电感。微处理器是可从各种供应商处广泛得到的常规微处理器。
电容开关20一般包括两个电容器组和多个开关，诸如晶体管，它们可由微处理器12选择性地启动以控制这两个电容器组的值。可根据可能电容值的期望范围和分布来串联或并联地排列每组中的电容器。第一电容器组替代以上引用的申请中示出的先存在的谐振搜索镇流器的电容器271。类似地，第二电容器组替代以上引用的专利中请中示出的先存在的谐振搜索镇流器的电容器272。实际上，电容开关20使来自先存在的谐振搜索镇流器的电容器271和272变为可变电容器，可变电容器的值由微处理器12控制。备选地，描述的电容开关20可由能够提供可变电容的其它电路替代。
电感开关22一般包括多抽头初级线圈14和多个开关，诸如晶体管，可由微处理器12选择性地启动这些开关，以控制初级线圈14的电感值。多抽头初级线圈14替代附加专利申请中示出的先存在的谐振搜索镇流器的初级线圈270。实际上，电感开关22通过改变初级线圈14中的匝数使来自先存在的谐振搜索镇流器的初级线圈270变为可变电感线圈，其值由微处理器12控制。备选地，所描述的电感开关22可由能够提供可变电感的其它电路替代。
在一般的操作中，微处理器12被编程为接收来自电流检测子电路18的输入，其指示加到初级线圈14的电流。微处理器12被编程为单独调节电容开关20和电感开关22，以循环通过电路可用的电容值和电感值范围。微处理器12调节该电容和电感值时继续监控来自电流检测电路18的输入，以确定哪些值为初级线圈14提供最佳电流。然后微处理器12将自适应镇流器锁定在最佳设置。
在图2的示意图中示出了使申请专利申请的谐振搜索电感镇流器适合自适应电感镇流器电路10的实施例所需的一些改变。
虽然在美国专利申请No.10/246155中更详细描述了先存在的谐振搜索镇流器，但该电路的概述可有助于更充分地理解本发明。镇流器反馈电路连接在A点，而控制电路连接在B点。振荡器144通过驱动器146为半桥变换器148提供交替信号。半桥变换器为振荡电路150供电。电流检测电路218为振荡器144提供反馈。在上面引用的专利申请中更全面描述了反馈电路、控制电路、振荡器、半桥变换器、驱动器和电流检测电路218以及其它辅助电路。
在图2中，可将相位延迟插在E处，并可将该相位延迟作为延迟线来控制，甚至DSP(数字信号处理)也可用于延迟这个信号。该延迟可用于抑制(throttle)相位并控制二次幅度。在F处，开关电容可基于可调初级电感来调节谐振频率。简单的晶体管可用于接通和断开电容。当初级电感器变化时改变电容，以便匹配负载。在G处，可切换初级电感，以调节次级电路所需的功率。用该负载信息，控制处理器可根据需要调节电感，以提供所需的功率。可使用来自微处理器控制的初级电感器的晶体管和多个抽头来切换电感。
结合图3更详细地描述自适应电感镇流器电路的操作顺序。在操作中，图示***在向初级线圈14供电之前等待，直到它确定存在负载为止。这会省电，并可通过为每个感应供电的设备提供启动邻近初级线圈的簧片开关的磁铁来实现。备选地，可提供用户启动开关(未示出)，以使用户可在存在感应供电的设备时接合该电源。作为另一备选，在感应供电设备放入由初级线圈定位的位置时，它可配置为机械地启动开关，以用信号通知它的存在。作为又一备选，可去掉开关机构，并且镇流器电路可不管负载的存在而向初级线圈14供电。
一旦激活了电源电路，该电路就调节其频率，以优化加到初级线圈的电流。在以初始电容和电感值确定了适当的操作频率之后，微处理器将镇流器电路锁定在该操作频率，并然后开始通过多抽头初级线圈来循环通过可用电感值的范围。在电感值的每个变化之后，微处理器解锁上述操作频率，并允许镇流器电路搜索谐振，稳定在为初级线圈提供最佳电流的频率处。微处理器继续循环通过可用电感值，直到它已确定了哪个值为初级线圈提供最佳电流为止。在一个实施例中，渐进的扫描过程用于确定适当的电感值。这是这样实现的：通过用最低电感值开始扫描过程，并顺序地逐步增加电感值，直到电感值的变化导致加到初级线圈的电流降低为止。然后微处理器将逐步降低到获得最大电流的一个电感值。备选地，该扫描过程可用最高电感值开始，并顺序地逐步降低电感值，直到电感值的变化导致加到初级线圈的电流降低为止。然后微处理器将逐步增加到获得最大电流的一个电感值。作为另一个备选，微处理器可单步调试每个电感值以确定相应电流，并在单步调试每个值之后返回向初级线圈提供最大电流的电感值。
在确定了适当的电感值之后，微处理器将电路锁定在确定的电感值，并开始循环通过电容值。在一个实施例中，微处理器使用渐进扫描技术来确定为初级线圈提供最大电流的电容。扫描过程可从最低的电容值向上进行，或从最高的电容值向下进行，如以上结合电感值的扫描过程所描述的。作为渐进扫描过程的备选，微处理器可单步调试每个电容值以确定相应电流，并在单步调试每个值之后返回向初级线圈提供最大电容的电容值。
在该实施例中，一旦已经确定了适当的电感值，就不允许镇流器电路的频率改变。备选地，微处理器可被编程为允许镇流器电路在电容值的每个改变之后搜索谐振。
在备选实施例中，微处理器可被编程为仅提供电源电路的电容值调节，或仅提供电感值调节。在前面的备选中，多抽头初级线圈可由常规的单抽头初级线圈替代，并可去掉电感开关。在后面的备选中，电容器组可由一组电容器替代，并可去掉电容开关。在另一备选实施例中，微处理器可被编程为在调节电感之前调节电容。
如上所述，本发明并不局限于结合谐振搜索镇流器使用。在其它应用中，可将电流传感器结合在镇流器中，以向微处理器提供输入，该输入表示加到初级线圈的电流。在没有谐振搜索镇流器的操作中，微处理器将单独循环通过各电容和电感值，以确定向初级线圈提供最佳功率的值。
在另一备选实施例中，自适应电感镇流器10可包括相位延迟电路(未示出)，该电路允许镇流器10抑制相位并控制二次幅度。该相位延迟电路可包括连接到运算放大器210后面的波形器和驱动电路16的延迟线或数字信号处理器(DSP)。
在图4的框图中示出了自适应无触点能量传输***的附加实施例，进一步例示了上述思想和概念。自适应无触点能量传输***由自适应感应电源305和远程设备307组成。
众所周知，电源310是向变换器312提供DC(直流)电的DC电源。变换器312将DC电转换为AC(交流)电。变换器312用作向振荡电路314提供AC电的AC电源。振荡电路314感应地耦合到远程设备307的次级绕组316。
远程设备307的次级绕组316没有磁芯。线路322指示远程设备307和自适应感应电源305之间的气隙。
远程设备307具有负载320。负载320可包括可再充电设备，诸如微型电容器或可再充电电池。备选地，负载320可以是灯、收音机，或适于每当将远程设备307置于接近自适应感应电源305时就从自适应感应电源305接收功率的任何其它电子设备。
电路传感器324耦合到振荡电路314和变换器312。电路传感器324还耦合到控制器326。电路传感器324提供关于自适应感应电源305操作参数的信息。例如，电路传感器324可以是用于向控制器326提供关于振荡电路314中电流的相位、频率和幅度的信息的电流传感器。
控制器326可以是编程为执行下文所述功能的大量通用微控制器中的任一个，诸如Intel 8051或Motorola 6811，或者是那些微控制器许多变形中的任一个。控制器326的芯片上可具有ROM(只读存储器)和RAM(随机存取存储器)。控制器326可具有用于控制自适应感应电源内各种功能的一系列模拟和数字输出。
控制器326连接到存储器327。控制器326还耦合到驱动电路328。驱动电路328调整变换器312的操作，诸如变换器312的频率和定时。可以多种不同方式构造驱动电路328。例如，驱动电路328可由分立元件构成，诸如晶体管、电阻器和电容器；它可以是设计为驱动变换器的分立集成电路；或者如果控制器326是微控制器，则它可以是控制器326的功能部件。
控制器326还耦合到电源310。控制器326可操控电源310的干线电压。众所周知，通过改变电源310的干线电压，也改变了变换器312的输出幅度。
最后，控制器326耦合到振荡电路314的可变电感器330和可变电容器332。控制器326可以是诸如8051型微控制器的微控制器。备选地，控制器326可以是具有附加辅助电路的微控制器。
控制器326可修改可变电感器330的电感或可变电容器332的电容。这例如可通过接通或断开附加的电容或电感或通过改变可变电感器330或可变电容器332的物理特性来实现。通过修改可变电感器330的电感和可变电容器332的电容，可改变振荡电路314的谐振频率。
通过修改可变电感器330的电感或可变电容器332的电容，或二者都改变，振荡电路314可具有第一谐振频率和第二谐振频率。振荡电路314还可具有几个谐振频率。本文使用的术语“谐振频率”指的是振荡电路314谐振所在的频带。众所周知，振荡电路会有谐振频率，但将继续在频率范围内谐振。
可变电感器330可以是可控硅受控可变电感器、可压缩可变电感器、平行叠片铁芯可变电感器、能够将选择固定电感器置于振荡电路314中的一系列电感器和开关、或任何其它可控的可变电感器。可变电容器332可以是开关电容器阵列、能够将选择固定电容器置于振荡电路314中的一系列固定电容器和开关、或任何其它可控的可变电容器。
振荡电路314还包括初级绕组334。分别示出了初级绕组334和可变电感器330。备选地，可将初级绕组334和可变电感器330组合在一个单元中。
振荡电路314被显示为一系列谐振振荡电路。也可使用并联谐振振荡电路。
图5A和5B示出了显示图4所示自适应无触点能量传输***的自适应感应电源305操作的流程图。
当开启(步骤400)时，控制器326通过设置可变电感器330的电感和可变电容器332的电容来初始化振荡电路314的谐振频率，以使该振荡电路314以预先选择的初始谐振频率操作，步骤402。控制器326初始化驱动电路328，以操作在具有预先选择的相位偏移的预先选择的频率。控制器326初始化电源310，以操作在预定的干线电压，步骤402。
为了省电，在最初为自适应感应电源305提供能量时，可将自适应感应电源305初始化为以非常低的电平供电。备选地，可将自适应感应电源305初始化为以适应某些通用远程设备的较适中的电平供电。
然后，控制器326设置操作参数的标称范围，步骤404。电源的操作参数是整个***电流和电压的各种测量。例如，峰-峰变换器电压、流经初级绕组的RMS电流以及流经初级绕组的电流的相位偏移都是操作参数。例如，操作范围可包括变换器电压和电压电流之间的相位偏移范围、电流幅度范围以及变换器输出电压的范围。作为另一个例子，操作范围可以是5伏至5.3伏的变换器电压，其中电流相位偏移不过20度，而电流幅度在1/2-1安培之间。
标称范围是操作参数的可能值的可接受范围。如果操作参数不在标称范围内，则电源不有效操作。
返回图5，然后***空闲，步骤406。控制器326连续监控自适应感应电源305的操作参数。如果这些操作参数落入标称范围内，则电路继续空闲，步骤408。
在将远程设备307置于初级绕组334附近时，则从自适应感应电源305获取功率。结果，操作参数改变。如果这些操作参数落在标称范围以外，则控制器326重新配置自适应感应电源305。
如果自适应感应电源305具有初始低功率设置，则自适应感应电源305将因此检测远程设备的存在，并自动将功率提高到更适中的水平。
显然，可由超出标称范围的一个操作参数来触发自适应感应电源305的重新配置，或可由超出标称范围的操作参数的组合来触发自适应感应电源305的重新配置。仅监控流过初级绕组的电流的相位是符合要求的。然而，可以容易地想到一起测量和加权其它操作参数的各种增强。
首先，控制器326使驱动电路328改变变换器312的占空比，步骤410。改变变换器312的占空比，并将改变的占空比存储在存储器327中。
再次测量操作参数。步骤412。如果这些操作参数仍在标称范围以外，则检验“最佳已知设置”标志，步骤414。下面讨论“最佳已知设置”标志。
如果没设置“最佳已知设置标志”，则控制器326确定是否可调节变换器频率，以及该变换器频率是否仍可维持振荡电路314内的谐振，步骤418。控制器326首先找到振荡电路314的最大和最小谐振频率。
可变电感器330和可变电容器332的任何特定配置的振荡电路314的最大和最小谐振频率可存储在存储器327中。在备选方案中，可根据初级绕组334的电感、可变电感器330的电感以及可变电容器332的电容来计算振荡电路314的最大和最小谐振频率。然后控制器326将振荡电路314的最大和最小谐振频率与变换器312的当前操作频率相比较。
如果可能，则控制器326使驱动电路328调节变换器频率，并将新的变换器频率存储在存储器327中，步骤420。电路返回空闲状态，步骤406。如果变换器频率不能被调节在振荡电路314当前配置的谐振频率内，则控制器326确定是否可修改振荡电路314的配置，步骤422。
如果可修改，则控制器326将当前频率、占空比、干线电压、振荡电路配置和操作参数存储在存储器327中，步骤424。然后它调节振荡电路谐振频率，步骤426。通过改变可变电感器330的电感和可变电容器332的电容，来实现振荡电路谐振频率的调节。
然后可改变干线电压，步骤428。由于已经改变了振荡电路314的谐振频率，因此计算或从存储器327加载操作参数的新标称范围，步骤430。然后电源返回空闲状态，步骤406。
如果不能进一步修改振荡电路314的配置，则控制器326寻找最佳优先配置，步骤432。控制器326比较之前存储的参数，并选择最佳配置。
在选择最佳配置之后，控制器326从该配置的存储器中检索自适应感应电源305的各种设置，步骤433。然后控制器326通过设置可调电感器30的电感和可调电容器32的电容来设置振荡电路314的配置，步骤434。然后控制器326设置变换器312的频率，步骤436。然后控制器326设置变换器312的占空比，步骤438。控制器326设置电源310的干线电压，步骤440。
然后控制器326将期望的操作参数存储在存储器327中，步骤442。备选地，控制器326可设置到存储器327中期望操作参数的指针。然后控制器326设置“最佳已知设置”标志，步骤444。然后电源返回空闲状态，步骤406。“最佳已知设置”标志向控制器326指示自适应感应电源305使用的当前设置是最佳可用的。
如果设置“最佳已知设置”标志，则即使操作参数在标称范围之外***也操作在其最佳设置。对变换器频率、谐振电路频率、变换器占空比或干线电压的进一步改变将不会导致对***的任何改进。设置了“最佳已知设置”标志，***检验操作参数是否近似等于期望的操作参数。
因此，如果设置了最佳已知设置标志(见步骤414)，则控制器326检验当前操作参数是否与期望的操作参数近似相同，步骤446。如果相同，则对电源的进一步调节将不会导致任何改进的性能，并因此***仅仅返回空闲状态，步骤406。
另一方面，如果当前操作参数不是近似等于期望的操作参数，则清除最佳已知设置标志，步骤448。重新配置自适应感应电源305的过程继续，步骤422。
描述的自适应无触点能量传输***由此可动态地处理各种不同设备。自适应感应电源305自动调节具有不同负载的不同设备，并连续地确定电源的最佳操作配置。
此外，自适应感应电源305可对多于一台设备同时供电。在将新设备置于靠近自适应感应电源305时，控制器326连续地调节自适应感应电源305的操作参数，以维持效率。这允许一个电源为大量不同设备供电。不必将这些设备置于紧邻自适应感应电源305处。它们可与自适应感应电源305隔开不同的距离。例如，可以构造这样的电源：通过该电源，密封光被叠加在自适应感应电源305附近，并且即使每道光距自适应感应电源305的距离不同，但是每道光也都会发光。
以上描述是优选实施例。在不脱离所附权利要求书中定义的本发明的精神和更宽方面的前提下，可进行各种更改和改变，将根据包含等效学说的专利法原则来解释所附权利要求书。以单数对权利要求元件的任何引用，例如使用冠词“一个”、“该”或“所述”，都不应解释为将该元件限制为单数。

Claims (56)

1.一种感应耦合到设备的无触点电源，所述无触点电源包括用于感应地耦合到所述设备的振荡电路和用于动态地重新配置所述振荡电路的控制器。
2.如权利要求1所述的无触点电源，其中所述振荡电路具有可变电容器。
3.如权利要求2所述的无触点电源，其中所述控制器耦合到所述可变电容器。
4.如权利要求3所述的无触点电源，其中所述振荡电路耦合到变换器。
5.如权利要求4所述的无触点电源，其中驱动电路耦合到所述变换器。
6.如权利要求5所述的无触点电源，其中所述变换器具有变换器频率，并且所述驱动电路调整所述变换器频率。
7.如权利要求6所述的无触点电源，其中所述变换器具有占空比，并且所述驱动电路调整所述变换器的占空比。
8.如权利要求7所述的无触点电源，其中电源耦合到所述变换器。
9.如权利要求8所述的无触点电源，其中所述电源具有干线电压，并且所述干线电压可由所述控制器改变。
10.如权利要求9所述的无触点电源，其中传感器耦合到所述变换器。
11.如权利要求10所述的无触点电源，其中所述变换器具有占空比，并且所述控制器响应来自所述传感器的信息改变所述占空比。
12.如权利要求11所述的无触点电源，其中所述变换器具有变换器频率，并且所述控制器响应来自所述传感器的信息改变所述变换器频率。
13.如权利要求12所述的无触点电源，其中所述控制器耦合到可变电感器。
14.如权利要求13所述的无触点电源，其中所述振荡电路耦合到变换器。
15.如权利要求14所述的无触点电源，其中驱动电路耦合到所述变换器。
16.如权利要求15所述的无触点电源，其中所述驱动电路调整所述变换器频率。
17.如权利要求16所述的无触点电源，其中所述驱动电路调整所述占空比。
18.如权利要求17所述的无触点电源，其中电源耦合到所述变换器。
19.如权利要求18所述的无触点电源，其中所述电源具有干线电压，并且所述控制器可改变所述干线电压。
20.如权利要求19所述的无触点电源，其中传感器耦合到所述变换器。
21.如权利要求20所述的无触点电源，其中所述控制器响应来自所述传感器的信息改变所述变换器的所述占空比。
22.如权利要求21所述的无触点电源，还包括耦合到所述控制器的存储器。
23.如权利要求22所述的无触点电源，其中所述振荡电路包括可变电感器。
24.如权利要求23所述的无触点电源，其中所述振荡电路耦合到变换器。
25.如权利要求24所述的无触点电源，其中驱动电路耦合到所述变换器。
26.如权利要求25所述的无触点电源，其中所述变换器具有变换器频率，并且所述驱动电路调整所述变换器频率。
27.如权利要求26所述的无触点电源，其中所述变换器具有占空比，并且所述驱动电路调整所述占空比。
28.如权利要求27所述的无触点电源，其中电源耦合到所述变换器。
29.如权利要求28所述的无触点电源，其中所述电源具有干线电压，并且所述控制器调整所述干线电压。
30.如权利要求29所述的无触点电源，其中传感器耦合到所述变换器。
31.如权利要求30所述的无触点电源，其中所述控制器响应来自所述传感器的信息改变所述占空比。
32.如权利要求31所述的无触点电源，其中所述控制器响应来自所述传感器的信息改变所述变换器频率。
33.一种用于感应地为设备供电的无触点电源，包括：
振荡电路；
传感器，用于检测所述振荡电路的操作参数；
以及控制器，耦合到所述传感器，用于响应所述传感器配置所述振荡电路。
34.如权利要求33所述的无触点电源，其中所述振荡电路包括可变电容器。
35.如权利要求34所述的无触点电源，其中所述振荡电路包括可变电感器。
36.如权利要求35所述的无触点电源，其中所述振荡电路包括初级绕组。
37.如权利要求36所述的无触点电源，其中所述初级绕组和所述可变电感器是独立的。
38.如权利要求37所述的无触点电源，其中所述初级绕组和所述可变电感器是集成的。
39.一种无触点电源，包括：
振荡电路，所述振荡电路具有谐振频率以及用于改变所述谐振频率的可变元件，所述振荡电路可附在AC电源上；
传感器，用于从所述振荡电路中检测功率转换效率；以及
控制器，响应所述传感器，用于在所述功率转换效率降低的情况下改变所述可变元件。
40.一种操作无触点电源为负载供电的方法，所述无触点电源具有振荡电路，所述振荡电路具有谐振频率，所述振荡电路还具有操作参数，所述振荡电路感应地耦合到所述负载，所述方法包括响应所述操作参数的变化改变所述谐振频率。
41.如权利要求40所述的方法，其中所述振荡电路耦合到AC电源，所述AC电源具有AC电源频率，所述方法还包括：
响应所述操作参数的变化改变所述AC电源频率。
42.如权利要求41所述的方法，其中所述AC电源是变换器，并且所述变换器具有占空比，所述方法还包括响应所述操作参数的变化改变所述占空比。
43.如权利要求42所述的方法，其中所述变换器耦合到DC电源，所述DC电源具有干线电压，所述方法还包括：
响应所述操作参数的变化改变所述干线电压。
44.如权利要求43所述的方法，其中所述振荡电路具有可调电容器，所述可调电容器具有电容，并且调节所述振荡电路的所述谐振频率包括改变所述可调电容器电容的步骤。
45.如权利要求44所述的方法，其中所述振荡电路具有可调电感器，所述可调电感器具有电感，并且调节所述振荡电路的所述谐振频率包括改变所述可调电感器电感的步骤。
46.如权利要求45所述的方法，其中所述振荡电路具有可调电感器，所述可调电感器具有电感，并且调节所述振荡电路的所述谐振频率包括改变所述可调电感器的所述电感。
47.如权利要求46所述的方法，其中所述振荡电路具有可调电容器，所述可调电容器具有电容，并且调节所述振荡电路的所述谐振频率包括改变所述可调电容器电容的步骤。
48.如权利要求44或47所述的方法，其中所述变换器耦合到DC电源，所述DC电源具有干线电压，所述方法包括响应所述操作参数来改变所述干线电压的步骤。
49.如权利要求48所述的方法，其中振荡电路具有振荡电路电流，所述振荡电路电流具有相位，并且所述操作参数是所述相位。
50.一种操作负载的电源的方法，所述电源具有感应地耦合到所述负载的振荡电路，所述振荡电路具有可调谐振频率，所述电源具有变换器，所述变换器具有占空比和变换器频率，所述变换器耦合到DC电源，所述DC电源具有干线电压，所述电源具有用于检测所述振荡电路操作参数的传感器，所述操作参数具有标称范围，所述方法包括以下步骤：
监控所述操作参数；以及
如果所述操作参数超过所述标称范围，则将所述占空比改为第二占空比值。
51.如权利要求50所述的方法，还包括以下步骤：
如果所述操作参数保持在所述标称范围外，则改变所述可调谐振频率。
52.一种操作电源为负载供电的方法，所述电源具有振荡电路，所述振荡电路可配置为具有第一谐振频率，并且所述振荡电路可配置为具有第二谐振频率，所述振荡电路还具有操作参数，所述操作参数具有标称范围，所述振荡电路感应地耦合到所述负载，所述方法包括：
如果所述操作参数在所述标称范围内，则将所述振荡电路配置为具有第一谐振频率；以及
如果所述操作参数不在所述标称范围内，则将所述振荡电路配置为具有第二谐振频率。
53.如权利要求52所述的方法，其中所述电源具有为所述振荡电路供电的变换器，所述变换器具有第一变换器频率和第二变换器频率，所述方法包括以下步骤：
如果所述操作参数在所述标称范围内，则以大约第一变换器频率操作所述变换器；以及
如果所述操作参数不在所述标称范围内，则以大约第二变换器频率操作所述变换器。
54.如所述权利要求53所述的方法，其中所述电源具有存储器，所述方法包括以下步骤：
在所述振荡电路配置为操作在第一谐振频率时，将所述操作参数作为第一操作值存储在所述存储器中；以及
在所述振荡电路配置为操作在第二谐振频率时，将所述操作参数作为第二操作值存储在所述存储器中。
55.如权利要求54所述的方法，包括以下步骤：
在所述变换器操作在第一变换器频率或第二变换器频率时，如果所述操作参数不在所述标称范围内，则：
确定是第一操作值还是第二操作值是优选的；并
将所述电源配置为操作以便产生第一操作值或第二操作值。
56.如权利要求55所述的方法，还包括以下步骤：
如果第一操作值是优选的，则将第一操作值作为期望操作值存储在所述存储器中；以及
如果第二操作值是优选的，则将第二操作值作为所述期望操作值存储在所述存储器中。
CN200480008891XA 2003-02-04 2004-01-22 自适应感应电源及其操作方法 Expired - Lifetime CN1768467B (zh)

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