CN1756539A - Wound dressing - Google Patents

Wound dressing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1756539A
CN1756539A CN 200380110065 CN200380110065A CN1756539A CN 1756539 A CN1756539 A CN 1756539A CN 200380110065 CN200380110065 CN 200380110065 CN 200380110065 A CN200380110065 A CN 200380110065A CN 1756539 A CN1756539 A CN 1756539A
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China
Prior art keywords
layer
absorbent core
wound dressing
gel
wound
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Granted
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CN 200380110065
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Chinese (zh)
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CN100448436C (en
Inventor
G·F·西古尔荣松
T·M·埃勒夫森
P·I·吉纳松
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Bsn Medical Holdings LLC
BSN Medical GmbH
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Ossur hf
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Abstract

The invention relates to wound dressing comprising a discontinuous skin-adhesivity elastomer gel layer with a plurality of through-extending holes which are arranged according to a figure. The elastomer gel layer is fixed at the surface of an absorbability core and can have flexible skin adhesivity. The preparation method of the elastomer gel layer comprises the following steps: apply the elastomer gel which is not solidified on a punching machine, and before the elastomer gel is applied on the absorbability core, solidify at least of the partial elastomer gel.

Description

Wound dressing
Background of invention
1. Invention field
The present invention relates to a kind of wound dressing, more especially relate to the wound dressing of the structure of skin adherence with improvement and absorbability, with and production method.
2. The discussion of correlation technique
In history, use a lot of different material in various sources to handle wound from the wound fluid and the tissue (being referred to as exudate hereinafter) of wound by the absorbing material absorption of adopting some types.Recent years, increased popularity is used the Wound care products based on polymer, and the environmental factors of controlling the wound is steam, oxygen permeability, antibacterial impermeability and absorb exudate for example.These Wound care products by special with satisfy special demand comprise with the adaptability (conformability) of body part, selective attachment to wound bed and to cohesiveness around the skin of wound.
Recently, closed dressing or moisture-preserving dressing are accepted gradually at processing wound, particularly decubital ulcer and ulcer aspect.Polytype structure known in the art can be used for or as closed dressing, generally includes the composition of reception, absorption and reservation exudate.Typically, these Wound care products comprise polymer foams, thin polymer film, granule and fibrous polymer, hydrogel and hydrocolloid (hydrocolloid).Dressing with above-mentioned at least a composition is by providing wet environment and remove excessive exudate and toxic component promotes wound healing, and is further used as the barrier protection wound and avoids the secondary bacterial infection.Though these known wound closure dressing can be handled wound effectively, find that a lot of closed dressing have some limitation or shortcoming.
Aspect wound care, a main purpose of wound dressing is the absorbability that increases, improves or maximally utilise dressing, macerates thereby reduce or eliminate, and promotes the agglutination of wound.If keep the subenvironment of wound, all in all is the control exudate.Unfortunately, find that a lot of wound dressings have removed all exudate that wound produces, thereby produce " a doing " wound, this is undesirable in wound healing process, find that perhaps this wound dressing can not absorb or control exudate fully, thereby cause exudate to compile, this has just increased vegetative danger and has caused infecting.
A lot of wound dressings of prior art comprise the absorbed layer with absorbent properties.Typically, absorbed layer contains water wetted material, and this water wetted material can absorb exudate and make wound dressing keep several days time in its position.This absorbed layer can contain non-woven material or contain the foamed materials of hydrocolloid particles, and for example United States Patent (USP) 4,373, the dressing of describing in 519 and 6,566,576, or the hydrophilic foam layer, for example United States Patent (USP) 5,409,472,5,782,787,6,040,492,6,051, the dressing of describing in 747 and 6,486,378.
Though absorbent layer dressings is designed to absorb Wound exudate, they have the limited shortcoming of amount of absorbent exudate usually.The absorption maximum limit of absorbent foam is directly related with their geometric size before absorbing liquid usually.For example the hydrophilic foam material can only be expanded as the 12-15% of original size.Another shortcoming is because the liquid retention of difference has been found that a certain amount of exudate " extruded " absorbent foam dressings.Exudate is extruded from froth bed, thereby has the danger that causes infection from the probability that dressing itself is extruded, and hinders wound healing.
Another shortcoming that known dressing has is to absorb exudate by the absorbed layer that contacts with wound, causes the middle body of the dressing that uses to expand and the pushing wound.The expansion energy that continues causes that the layer of skin adherent separates with the skin of wound area outside, particularly at the boundary of wound dressing, can produce " crimping " effect at this.The excessive expansion of wound dressing further causes the peripheral seepage of exudate from dressing, thereby for the invasion of pathogenic microorganism provides passage, and further impel the wound to macerate.
Traditionally, provide backing layer, this backing layer comprises and is attached to absorbed layer to prevent the impenetrable liquid thin film of exudate from the dressing seepage.Produce difficulty in the absorption fluids process, because when absorbent core may expands, backing layer must hold the expansion of absorbed layer and not cause the dressing crimping.United States Patent (USP) 4,738 has been described a kind of method of attempting to address this problem in 257, this patent disclosure the backing layer that constitutes by thin elastic plate, when absorbent core may expanded, it can be crooked.Yet have been found that liquid-tight plastic foil can not stretch fully, be consistent that the result hinders the expansible thin film of absorbed layer and just produces above-mentioned crimping at the edge of dressing with expansion with absorbed layer.United States Patent (USP) 6,040,492 have proposed another kind of solution, a kind of wound dressing of this patent disclosure, this dressing comprises the backing layer that is attached to the absorbent foam core, and backing layer comprises a plurality of folds, when foam core expanded, fold flattened basically.Though backing layer can hold the expansion of foam core, the absorption of fluids of this wound dressing is subjected to the dilatancy restriction of foam core itself.Therefore, because the limited absorbability of foamed materials central part often needs more change dressings.
It is desirable to, wound dressing must be adhesive in essence, so it can be attached to the wound, and is nontoxic and just causes MIN anaphylaxis.In addition, wound dressing should have the ability that prevents that antibacterial from entering wound from surrounding, and suitable moisture transfer rate is provided simultaneously.
Yet the shortcoming that has been found that a lot of known closed dressing is just to rely on to be used for dressing is fixed to pressure sensitive adhesive layer on the skin, for example has high special adhesive SGA.Typically, when when wound is removed, the wound dressing that only has binding agent has the trend of peeling the middle body of dressing from wound off, therefore may damage callus.
Wound dressing can be commercially available, and this wound dressing comprises the absorbent foam core with wound contact surface, and this wound contact surface scribbles layer of silicone gel.Silicone gel forms a plurality of slits that form at random along the part hole wall random arrangement of absorbent foam.When not having solidified silicone gel to be applied to foam core portion, form described slit by capillarity.A shortcoming of this method is that silicone gel can seal some holes, and another shortcoming is that these holes form at random, and this may cause regional area to suppress foam core portion absorption exudate.Though want to provide a kind of wound dressing in some applications, in its selected zone, have the slit of bigger concentration, thereby increase of the absorption of this zone exudate, this method does not accommodate the slit of this formation predetermined pattern.In addition, another shortcoming of this method is that the surface roughness of siloxane layer depends on foamed materials surface to be coated to a great extent, wanting to obtain under a kind of situation that is attached to the smooth silicone layer on the skin, this method can not obtain this slick siloxane layer.
The development of siloxanes production field has guided Reykavik, Ossur hf and the assignee of the present invention of Iceland produce the silicone products that is suitable for contact skin, this product can provide fabulous softness, soft contact skin, and can comprise unique skin nursing composition.Particularly, this siloxanes production technology causes repairing the development of suspension liners aspect improved comfort level and resiliency, uses all siloxanes production technologies of Ossur hf, and they have fabulous durability and comfort.Have been found that, use the siloxanes production technology of Ossur hf to produce ultra-thin, porous sticking siloxanes sheet material, can produce and a kind of wound location is had superior, gentle adhesive siloxane layer, and can or not repeat to remove siloxane layer and damage skin and wound bed because of single.
Although can obtain various absorption wound dressings, but still need and a kind of improved wound dressing of demand, it can prevent the wound damage when wound dressing is changed, improve the ruggedness and the service life of wound dressing, can comply with wound on the anatomy and have enhanced absorption of fluids, reservation and removal characteristic.The most important thing is that want to produce a kind of wound dressing with adhesive phase, this adhesive phase does not have the shortcoming of known adhesive layers, the substitute is when superior absorption of fluids is provided, can leniently adhere and separate from the wound.Need the method with the described improved wound dressing of a kind of improved formation of demand in addition, this method is simple and effectively.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to have the absorption of fluids that comprises raising and enhanced retention property superb absorbency can the improvement wound dressing.In one embodiment of the invention, wound dressing comprises absorbent core may with relative nearly surface and surface far away and the elastomeric gel layer that is fixed to the nearly lip-deep discontinuous skin adherent of absorbent core may.Elastomeric gel layer has a plurality of holes of running through extension by patterned arrangement.
In a preferred embodiment, elastomeric gel layer is a silicone gel.Elastomeric gel layer is planar along its nearly surface basically.
In another embodiment of the invention, wound dressing comprises the facing layer of skin adherent, and described facing layer comprises the discontinuous layer of silicone gel that has by a plurality of preforms hole of patterned arrangement.In another embodiment, facing layer comprises at least two different discontinuous layer of silicone gel.
Different embodiments of the present invention comprises the sectional hole patterns of various configurations, and for example its mesopore is according to the zones of different of facing layer width, and transform size is arranged with different intervals and pattern with difformity, density.
In another embodiment of the invention, wound dressing comprises the absorbent core may that limits relative nearly surface and surface far away and is connected to the impenetrable liquid on surface far away of absorbent core may and the backing layer of vapor permeable that described absorbent core may comprises core and marginal portion.Backing layer defines the marginal portion outside the periphery that extends to absorbent core may.Adhesive phase is administered on the portions of proximal at least of marginal portion of backing layer.In described embodiment, the nearly surface of the marginal portion of backing layer and absorbent core may is substantially parallel and extend along the peripheral edge of absorbent core may.The facing layer of porous, skin adherent is fixed to the nearly surface of absorbent core may, and wherein the adhesive phase of backing layer has higher skin adherence than facing layer.
In another embodiment of the invention, wound dressing comprises nearly surface and the surperficial absorbent core may far away that definition is relative, be fixed to absorbent core may nearly lip-deep skin adherent the micro-pore face layer and be connected to the far away lip-deep impenetrable liquid of absorbent core may and the backing layer of vapor permeable, described absorbent core may comprises core and marginal portion.Backing layer defines the marginal portion outside the periphery that extends to absorbent core may.Adhesive phase is administered on the portions of proximal at least of marginal portion of backing layer, and adhesive phase has the skin adherence higher than facing layer.Facing layer is extended to combine with backing layer along the whole near surface and the peripheral edge of absorbent core may.Backing layer is parallel with the surface far away of absorbent core may basically.
In another embodiment of the invention, wound dressing comprises the absorbent core may with relative nearly surface and surface far away, the elastomer gel facing layer of discontinuous skin adherent, described absorbent core may comprises the center and peripheral part, and described facing layer has the near lip-deep surface far away of the absorbent core may of being fixed to and by a plurality of holes of running through extension of patterned arrangement.On the nearly surface pressure sensitive adhesive layer is administered on the facing layer with respect to its surface far away to small part.Adhesive phase has the skin adherence higher than the elastomer gel of facing layer.
In yet another embodiment of the present invention, wound dressing comprises having relative nearly surface and the surperficial absorbent core may far away and the micro-pore face layer of the discontinuous skin adherent on the nearly lip-deep surface far away with the absorbent core may of being fixed to.Facing layer is defined as along nearly surface has the different skin cohesiveness.In described embodiment, the skin-adherent degree of the core of facing layer is less than the skin-adherent degree of the marginal portion of the contiguous core in edge.
According to the present invention, the preparation method that contains the wound dressing of absorbent core may and elastomeric gel layer may further comprise the steps: uncured elastomeric gel is deposited on the punching machine to form discontinuous elastomeric gel layer thereon; Make elastomeric gel layer be cured to partly solidified state; With absorbent core may is administered on the surface of partly solidified gel layer.Punching machine comprises the general plane with a plurality of discontinuous punctured elements from this extension, and wherein punctured element passes uncured elastomeric gel layer, forms a plurality of holes therein.
In another embodiment, punching machine has a plurality of holes and a plurality of discontinuous punctured element that is slidably disposed in this hole.
In another kind of method according to the present invention, comprise that the wound dressing of elastic tip surface layer and absorbent core may prepares by following method: uncured elastomeric gel is deposited on the carrier surface to form discontinuous elastomeric gel layer thereon; Make elastomeric gel layer be cured to partly solidified state; Roller arrangement with a plurality of punctured elements is rotated, to form a plurality of holes on elastomeric gel layer by patterned arrangement; With absorbent core may is administered on the partly solidified surface of elastomer gel.
The elastomeric gel layer of discontinuous skin adherent is used silicone technology and the know-how of Ossur hf.Elastomeric gel layer has makes gel mildly be adhered to performance on the surrounding skin of wound site.The elastomeric gel layer soft and part of sense of touch in essence flows in the micropore cave, and when it is used on skin in the skin implosion, thereby on wound location the big contact surface of generation.
By following detailed description of the present invention, appended embodiment, accompanying drawing and claim, many other advantages of the present invention and feature will be more apparent.
The accompanying drawing summary
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of an embodiment of wound dressing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that wound dressing among Fig. 1 is along the sectional view of II-II line;
Fig. 3 is the perspective view of an embodiment of wound dressing of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the plane graph that shows an embodiment of facing layer of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the part enlarged drawing of another embodiment of the wound dressing among Fig. 2;
Fig. 6-the 8th, the wound dressing of demonstration Fig. 1-2 is expansible gradually sectional view in the wound;
Fig. 9 is the part enlarged drawing of the wound dressing of Fig. 8;
Figure 10 is the plane graph that shows an embodiment of facing layer of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the plane graph of an embodiment that shows the jack of absorbent core may of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the plane graph that shows an embodiment of facing layer of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the front view that shows another embodiment of accepter of the present invention and facing layer;
Figure 14-16 is for the facing layer in the expression zone with different skin sticky limit of the present invention
The plane graph of embodiment;
Figure 17-18 is the front view of the embodiment of the backing layer of the expression marginal portion with skin adherent of the present invention;
Figure 19 is the perspective view of embodiment that is used for forming in facing layer the perforated plate in hole of the present invention;
Figure 20 is the front view of the perforated plate of expression Figure 19.
Figure 21-23 is the expression sketch map that is used for forming in facing layer the layout in hole of the present invention.
Figure 24 is the perspective view that is used for forming in the facing layer of wound dressing the layout in hole of Figure 23.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
As shown in figs. 1 and 2, wound dressing 10 of the present invention preferably includes the facing layer 12 of porous hydrophobic skin adherent, absorbent core may 14, and impenetrable liquid and vapor permeable backing layer 16.The wound dressing of describing among Fig. 1 is in dry status, does not have moisture basically.As illustrating more fully among Fig. 2, absorbent core may 14 defines the nearly surface p that is used for towards wound surface w, and relative with nearly surface p, away from the far away surperficial d of wound surface.In essential structure, dressing 10 comprises the facing layer 12 on the surface p far away that is fixed to absorbent core may 14, and the backing layer 16 that is attached to and is sealed to the surperficial d far away of small part absorbent core may 14.
In a preferred embodiment, absorbent core may 14 limits a plurality of jacks 18 that are provided with predetermined pattern, and wherein jack 18 is restricted to a series of multiple cylindrical chamber.As shown in Figure 2, jack 18 is in the far away surperficial d upper shed of absorbent core may 14, to absorbent core may 14 extended distance t 1, shorter than the whole thickness t of absorbent core may.Jack can be taked multiple structure, can be for cylindrical, along absorbent core may to small part surperficial horizontal expansion far away, perhaps take other possible structure discussed below.A plurality of jacks 18 contain the discontinuous part of absorbing material 20, and this absorbing material absorbs the exudate of wound and 16 moves from jack 18 towards backing layer when absorbing this exudate.
As described in Figure 2, absorbent core may 14 common qualification centers, centre and marginal portion 22,23,24.Preferably, backing layer 16 is fixed on the marginal portion 24 of absorbent core may 14, and along its periphery sealing.Marginal portion 24 preferably includes inclined-plane 28 close or that limit along its neighboring, and it is used for any loose absorbing material of jack 18 is retained in dressing 10.As below will more fully discussing, when dressing 10 was in drying regime, backing layer 16 preferably closely adhered on the core 22 of absorbent core may 14.
The backing layer 16 of dressing 10 preferably includes the compliant element (compliant element) 26 between the center and peripheral part 22,24 that places absorbent core may 14.Compliant element 26 is concentric with core 22 usually, and comprises part backing layer 16, and this part backing layer does not adhere on the absorbent core may 14 when dressing 10 is in drying regime.Preferably, compliant element 26 comprises at least one concentric ridge.Fig. 2 shows that 26 of the compliant element of dressing 10 have a concentric ridge.Fig. 3 shows that dressing 10 has a plurality of ridge, and wherein inside and outside ridge 31,32 stretches out from the far away surperficial d of absorbent core may 14, and constitutes the inside and outside border of compliant element 26 usually.
Wound dressing should be understood and various structures can be taked.For example, wound dressing can be positioned at various directions, for example ridge is extended in the direction scope that parallels from general parallel absorbent core may to the core side of general and wound dressing with the absorbent core may on the side, wound dressing marginal portion.
Signal shows that compliant element 26 is not limited to generally will be provided with along the mid portion of absorbent core may among Fig. 5.Compliant element 26 can be set on the edge or core of wound dressing, and wherein compliant element 26 can comprise at least one ridge 30 or its section at least one of the edge of wound dressing or core.This adaptation of wound dressing, promptly the compliant element at least one of the edge of wound dressing or core can strengthen dilatancy and the extension of backing layer with respect to absorbent core may surface far away.
Facing layer 12 preferably is fixed on the nearly surface p of absorbent core may 14.Facing layer 12 is included in facing layer 12 is fixed to absorbent core may 14 before with the preformed a plurality of holes 34 of certain pattern.Show that as signal in Fig. 2 and 4 described a plurality of holes 34 are provided with predetermined pattern.A plurality of holes 34 can be configured to near or be positioned at a plurality of jacks 18 places regional corresponding of absorbent core may 14, thereby the exudate of wound is sent to absorbent core may 14.Facing layer 12 preferably only is fixed on the nearly surface p of absorbent core may 14, and preferred hole or the hole wall that does not cover the absorbent core may 14 that limits near nearly surface p.Yet, be appreciated that the irregular place that the part facing layer can be filled along the nearly surface of absorbent core may or the hole of absorbent core may is arranged, thereby strengthen facing layer fixing to absorbent core may.
Though do not wish to be limited by special mechanism, be applied on the skin wound of sepage when dressing after, play a role in the described mode of Fig. 6 to 8 as dressing 10 of the present invention.Be appreciated that in the context of the present invention for wound and wound dressing, term fluid, moisture and exudate can exchange use.Dressing 10 is placed on the w of wound, and its facing layer 12 is towards wound bed b.Facing layer 12 can be adhered to around the w of wound on intac skin and the wound bed b.The capillarity of the exudate by entering absorbent core may 14 and by facing layer 12, dressing 10 retaining parts and wound bed b are closely arranged side by side.
As shown in Figure 6, the fluid that wound bed b oozes out moves towards absorbent core may 14 by hole 34, absorbing material 20 is included in the absorber 18, after being administered to wound w and continuing for some time, the dressing of being used looks as showing among Fig. 7 to have the dome-shaped reservoir structure 36 that increases a little of extending on the core of absorbent core may 14.Reservoir 36 is produced by the absorbing material 20 of the exudate that has absorbed desired amount from jack 18, and its discontinuous demi-inflation is also shifted from jack, thereby causes backing layer to expand.The discontinuous part that expands and be full of the absorbing material 20 of exudate causes backing layer 16 in predictable mode from the far away surperficial d of absorbent core may 14 separately, and upwards expansion continues to absorb and expand at wound w with further permission dressing 10.In addition, absorbent core may 14 stretches or increase on horizontal and vertical, and the scope of absorbent core may 14 increases along with the increase of absorption of fluids usually.
When the marginal portion maintenance sealing of backing layer 16 along dressing 10, shaping reservoir 36 makes it be limited between the far away surperficial d of backing layer 16 and absorbent core may 14, and 24 sealings along the marginal portion.Reservoir 36 allows the discontinuous part of expansible absorbing material 20 to move from jack 18, has increased greatly the fluidic reservation from wound bed b.Because the expansion of absorbing material 20, by allowing backing layer 16 additional expansion providing backing layer 16 extra elasticity and expansion, compliant element 26 is used for flexibly connecting of backing layer 16 as a kind of effectively.As shown in Figure 8, dressing 10 almost reaches its swelliong power, and backing layer 16 has expand into it to greatest extent.The most significant is that in expansible this developmental stage, owing to the expansion that provides compliant element 26, this element to offset absorbent core may 14 and absorbing material 20 and the expansion of increase and backing layer 16, the marginal portion 24 of dressing 10 remains adhered to wound w.It should be noted that in addition with respect to the backing layer 16 of neighbouring part, ridge 30 not exclusively flattens usually, stretch out at least in part from the far away surperficial d of absorbent core may 14 and with respect to the expansion of the backing layer 16 that limits by compliant element 26 usually.
Be appreciated that preferred facing layer 12 also has suitable elastic characteristic, during with convenient absorbent core may 14 lateral expansions, make its tensible.
When dressing 10 has expand into heap(ed) capacity, be defined as being full of exudate or saturated dressing fully, then wish to remove and replace dressing 10.When being in saturated or being full of stage of exudate fully, although absorbed excessive exudate, the turning of prolonging the marginal portion 24 of dressing 10 remains adhered to wound w usually, and is routine as shown in Figure 9, and this is because facing layer 12 provides the enough adhesion strengths of skin around wound w.By observing the dressing expansible degree relevant and, can being fit to remove dressing from visually determining when by observing absorbing material with the fluid degree of absorbent core may absorption.
As Figure 10 example, dressing 10 can comprise the other binding agent 19 that is arranged on the facing layer 12.Preferably, binding agent 19 be deposited on facing layer 12 be located on or near with the corresponding part in the marginal portion of absorbent core may 14 on.Contact adhesive 19 is preferably known gluing pressure sensitive silicone of art of wound dressings or acrylic ester adhesive.
In preferred embodiments, absorbent core may 14 preferably contains the hydrophilic synthetic polymer that adapts to human body surface and energy absorption fluids.Wish that thereby absorbent core may can promptly absorb the effectiveness that exudate strengthens dressing of the present invention, particularly with absorption of fluids in the jack that contains absorbing material.Except absorbing, expect a kind of effective capillarity, just absorbent core may promptly guiding liquids leave absorbent core may nearly surface to the farther zone that is used to store (jack that promptly contains the discontinuous part of absorbing material), thereby drop to minimum and make the usefulness of absorbent core may reach maximum the part is saturated.
Preferred absorbent core may is made of hydrophilic at least a little flexible, open-cell foamed materials.The bore size of suitable foamed materials is 30 to 700 microns, and preferred aperture is of a size of 50 to 300 microns.Perforate allows fluid and cell debris be sent in the foamed materials and in foamed materials and transmits, and the bore size in preferred foam zone has enough sizes, thereby promotes capillarity and promote fluid to transmit.
When by saturated with fluid, absorbent core may about 135% of the original size that can expand.When combining with surface layer of the present invention and backing layer, when being full of exudate, absorbent core may only may be expanded to about 110% of its dried size.
According to one embodiment of the invention, absorbent foam materials includes the bore size gradient on the direction of absorbent core may thickness, makes bore size reduce on the direction of surface far away and absorbent core may.Since bore size and near bigger on the nearly surface of absorbent core may, capillary force is stronger, therefore gets rid of fluid and moves this fluid towards jack near the nearly surface of absorbent core may.In addition, absorbent foam can comprise the bore size gradient towards jack, thereby the regional area that is designed to have towards jack enhanced capillary force is provided in absorbent foam, is used for towards its guiding fluid.
Foamed materials can by, for example polyurethane, cellulose, carboxylation Afpol, polyester form material, hydrophilic epoxy foam material or polyacrylate constitute.In preferred embodiments, foamed materials is made of the hydrophilic polyurethane foam material, and for example (Boothbay, ME) product code numbering of Sheng Chaning is the polyurethane foamed material of L00562-B by ReynelInc..Because above-mentioned foamed materials itself is hydrophilic, considers the application of the jack that contains absorbing material in addition, does not need in preferred embodiments to handle this foamed materials so that it is more hydrophilic.
In another embodiment, if desired, can handle foamed materials makes it more hydrophilic, thereby strengthen exudate rapider agglomerative trend in foamed materials, can not hydrophilic too hydrophilic so that foamed materials hinder exudate and be sent to degree in the absorbent material and only reach foamed materials.In this embodiment, can design the hydrophilic level of absorbent foam, make the surface tension minimum, thereby allow fluid to enter the foamed materials hole easily.When the wound kept high relatively humidity, fluid can be retained in the absorbent foam materials like this.
Be appreciated that absorbent core may is not limited to be made of foamed materials.In another embodiment, absorbent core may can be to use porous nonwoven or the non-woven material that the available known materials of those skilled in the art is produced by a lot of methods.For example, absorbent core may can be used as a kind of by very short cellulose fibre with at random or the fabric of roomy, the loose shaping that constitutes of nonrandom layout, cellulose sheet pad, or polymer fibril-matrix and existing.
The thickness of absorbent core may is 0.5 to 20mm, is preferably 3mm to 5mm.
Absorbent core may can be included in a socket hole that wherein forms, and can limit with any suitable pattern of selecting in advance, it can contain the discontinuous part of the absorbing material of intended volume or quantity, keeps being suitable for the enough intensity and the elasticity of dressing of the present invention simultaneously.In the preferred embodiment that Fig. 1 shows, the pattern of jack 18 is a kind of networks.Preferably, described jack has uniform, predetermined shape and size, and extends and cross the far away surperficial d of absorbent core may.In this embodiment, with the rectangular patterns positioning jack, common 5mm at interval (measuring) between the jack from the central shaft of each jack.Usually the degree of depth of each jack is 4-5mm, apart from facing layer 0.5mm at least.In this embodiment, this pattern is modified in the specific region of dressing and comprises more jack than other zone.
In the embodiment of the wound dressing that Figure 11 shows, the core of absorbent core may 14 is than having more highdensity jack 18 near dressing 10 marginal portions 24.The quantity of the jack of any specific region of absorbent core may depends on that the part has more substantial fluidic discernable zone, for example at core, so that the absorption of fluids maximization is limited in the specific region of absorbent core may, for example the marginal portion absorption fluids in addition.
As shown in Figure 2, jack 18 is arranged in the far away surperficial upper shed of absorbent core may 14, and extends certain distance to whole thickness.In preferred embodiments, jack extended distance t 1Whole thickness t than absorbent core may 18 is short, and the distance that preferred jack extends is the 70%-90% of the gross thickness of absorbent core may 14.Yet be appreciated that jack can extend through the whole thickness of absorbent core may in an embodiment of wound dressing.
In another embodiment of wound dressing, jack 18 can be configured to, as shown in figure 13, and according to their position and the local fluid exudate that exists, to the different distance of thickness extension of absorbent core may 14 from the wound.In this embodiment, the jack 18 at more close dressing 10 centers extends deeplyer to the thickness of absorbent core may 14, and the jack 18 at more close absorbent core may edge 24 is more shallow to the distance of the thickness extension of absorbent core may 14 than the jack 18 of core 22.Darker thus jack 18 contains more absorbing material 20 than more shallow jack 18, thereby bigger local absorption zone is provided.
Because preferred jack just part extends to the gross thickness of absorbent core may, therefore will transmit and absorb exudate by absorbing material.This result makes the nearly surface of the absorbent core may that does not have jack be in ideal wet environment, and exudate can be excessive unsaturated, thereby allows dressing to keep the longer time in the wound.
In the preferred embodiment that Fig. 1 and 2 shows, the shape of each jack 18 all is a homogeneous, is generally cylindrical.To the shape of small part selection jack, make the discontinuous part of the absorbing material that holds reach maximum, and when expanding, can promote it to move by fluid.Jack is not limited to cylindrical structural; Jack can adopt is shaped as cone, groove, hemisphere, cone, bulk and truncation variant and combination thereof.In addition, jack can comprise the taper that extends to its base part from its opening, makes that near the width the jack openings is bigger than base part.The discontinuous part of the absorbing material that this structure can help is expansible, be full of moisture moves from jack, makes them more freely to move from jack.Another is selected, and jack can laterally being provided with random pattern along dressing surface far away.
In an embodiment of absorbent core may, jack can contain the groove of a plurality of distal face horizontal expansions to small part along absorbent core may.In this embodiment, groove has dentation or wavy cross-sectional profiles.This embodiment is useful in a kind of like this wound dressing, and wherein absorbent core may is too thin and can not comprise the jack with for example aforesaid cylindrical receptacle shape.
The size of each jack can be any suitable size, and this size can be held the absorbing material that can fully absorb the exudate of wound of Sq.Usually, jack is of a size of about 500 to 5,000 microns, and advantageous cross sections is about 1000-3000 micron (independently height and a width dimensions).The jack that is preferred pattern has 500 to 5,000 microns multiple distances, is preferably about 1000-4500 micron, and this repeat distance is defined as the distance of a jack to another jack, central shaft to central shaft.
Though in preferred embodiments, jack transversely has an identical volume what pass wound dressing, depends on that jack can have the volume of variation at absorbent core may lip-deep aperture position far away.In the embodiment relevant with the jack with variable depth, the jack that is located on or near the core of absorbent core may is compared with the jack of the marginal portion of close absorbent core may, has bigger volume capacity.The jack that has variable-volume thus contains the discontinuous part of the absorbing material of variable-volume amount equally.
The absorbing material that uses in the dressing of the present invention preferably contains superabsorbent polymer particles, thin slice or powder, and they are exposed to, and water can expand and form hydrated gel (hydrogel) by absorbing a large amount of water.Here superabsorbents is restricted to and demonstrates the material that can absorb a large amount of liquid abilities, that is, every part can absorb above 10 to 15 parts of liquid.These super-absorbent materials are divided into three classes usually, just starch-grafted copolymer, the hydrophilic polypropylene acid esters of crosslinked carboxymethyl cellulose derivative and modification.The example of this absorbable polymer is the acrylonitrile copolymer or the acrylamide copolymer of the starch-acrylonitrile graft copolymer of hydrolysis, neutral starch-acrylate graft copolymer, saponified acrylate-vinylacetic acid ester copolymer, hydrolysis, modified crosslinking polyethylene alcohol, neutral self-crosslinking polyacrylic acid, crosslinked salt polyacrylate, carboxylation cellulose and neutral cross-linked isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymers.Superabsorbent particulate hydrophilic polymers is also in U.S. Patent No. 4,102, is described in detail in 340.This patent disclosure absorbing material cross-linked polyacrylamide for example.Preferably the super absorbent particles of using in dressing of the present invention preferably is made of cross linked polyacrylate.
Super absorbent particles can be commercially available, and for example starch graft polyacrylate hydrogel powders can be from Portamouth, and the Hoechst-Celanese of VA obtains.Other super absorbent particles is with trade mark SANWET (being provided by Sanyo Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha), SUMIKA GEL (is provided by Sumitomo Kagaku Kabushiki Kaisha, it is the pearl polymerization emulsion, but not the solution of polymeric abrasive grains), and FAVOR (producing) by the Dugussa AG of German Dusseldorf sell.
Super absorbent particles is preferably the shape of granule or thin slice, so that the hydrocolloid of bigger effective surface area to be provided.The size of the typical super absorbent particles in dry back is 1 to 1000 micron.The particle diameter of preferred absorbent particles is 100 to 900 microns.These microgranules do not dissolve in the wound environment, and absorbability is greater than dried microgranule 0.5 water of every gram.
In another embodiment, absorbent material is for contacting dilatable hydrophilic gel with water.Hydrophilic gel does not have porous or voided internal structure usually, and is solid or semi-solid shape.Hydrophilic gel is interpreted as meaning hydrocolloid, hydrogel and combination thereof, if this material be allow on the physiology and acceptable clinically.Authorize in U.S. 6,566,575 of Stickels etc. and described suitable hydrophilic gel, these gels can be commercially available.
In another embodiment of wound dressing, absorbent core may can comprise the discontinuous part of the absorbing material in a plurality of embedding absorbent core may.The discontinuous part of this absorbing material can be discontinuous super absorbent polymer microgranule, thin slice or powder, and their unhindered settlings make them to move in absorbent core may in absorbent core may, preferably moves towards its surface far away.And in another embodiment of wound dressing, absorbent core may comprises embedding absorbing material wherein and the jack that contains the discontinuous part of absorber material.
In a word, in the embodiment of each absorbent core may of discussing so far, it should be noted that near or be positioned on the absorbent core may of nearly part, absorption of fluids minimizes, by in the jack or outside the absorption of absorbing material, the absorption of fluids maximization.This method combines with the structure of backing layer and makes the absorbent Fluid Volume maximization of dressing, does not contact with skin owing to fluid in addition, thereby can allow patient to wear the long period.
Backing layer can exist in all embodiments of dressing of the present invention.Preferred backing layer is fit to the anatomy surface of animal (comprising the people), can not see through liquid, and can see through steam.As discussed above, backing layer combines with absorbent core may, and it can be configured to be in expansion, when being full of the state of dampness, define reservoir between them when dressing.Though backing layer does not allow liquid or exudate to pass through, the moisture in the exudate that absorbs passes backing layer with vapor form and enters air.
The preferred embodiment of backing layer provides bacterial barriers for thin polymeric elastic or flexible thin film's coating, is formed by pliable elastomer material that can permeate water steam.This thin film is successive, does not have hole or hole to traverse thin layer.Such thin film is known, hydrophilic polymer materials normally, and steam can diffuse through this thin film.
Backing layer is attached on the nearly surface of absorbent core may, and in preferred embodiments, backing layer only is attached on the surface far away of absorbent core may, does not penetrate wherein any hole, hole or cavity.The thickness of thin film is generally 15 to 45 microns, and preferred thickness is about 30 microns.Backing layer can comprise polyurethane, for example from InteliCoat Technologies (SouthHadley, MA) available, product code numbering is the polyurethane film of INSPIRE, elastic polyester, the mixture of polyurethane and polyester, polrvinyl chloride and polyether-amide block copolymers.The backing layer that preferably uses is polyurethane film in the present invention, because it demonstrates the resilience feature, this allows thin film to have good adaptability, has the very extensibility of high level in addition.
Preferred backing layer of the present invention is translucent at least, and is more preferably enough transparent, thereby makes and can observe the wound of posting dressing by dressing.Needn't remove dressing and estimate wound and healing is favourable by observing, thus can avoid unnecessary to dressing processing and avoid wound is exposed in the environment, this has reduced contamination of heavy.
Suitable successive adaptability backing layer makes backing layer only have 1500 to 14600g/m in the time of 38 ℃ 2The vapor transmission rate of/24hr (MVTR) is preferably 2500 to 2700g/m 2/ 24hr.Backing layer thickness is preferably 10 to 1000 microns, more preferably 100 to 500 microns.Facing layer of the present invention is preferably the near lip-deep impenetrable liquid that is attached to absorbent core may and the hydrophobic layer of moisture.In preferred embodiments, facing layer is crosslinked silicone elastomer gel, for example, NuSil Technology (Carpenteria, CA) produce, product code numbering is the crosslinking silicone (polydimethylsiloxane gel) of MED-6340.Facing layer preferably has the thickness of 0.05mm to 0.5mm, more preferably 0.1mm.Dressing depends on the thickness of component a bit to the adaptability of wound, is attached on the body part thereby work as dressing, can adapt to this surface even the surface is moved it.When surface curvature and get back to when not having bent position, facing layer stretches adapting to the bending of joint, and when its state that does not have bending was returned on the surface, facing layer had enough rebound performances and adapts to the surface continuously.
The siloxanes facing layer is for relying on glue type binding agent that the wound dressing that dressing is fixed on the wound is had significant benefits.Particularly, tacky silicone gels can provide superior and do not adhere on the wound but the coating very sticking to surrounding skin.In addition, this gel is completely fixed, and is not heated or the influence of bodily exudate.Even this means their has in position kept for example several days, also keeping their non-adhesiveness according to dressing of the present invention after quite long period.
Layer of silicone gel leniently is adhered on the surrounding skin, owing to it touches in the soft small emptying aperture and slit that also partly flows in the skin in essence, thereby produces big contact area in the wound.As a result, compare, need littler adhesion strength that siloxane layer is fixed to the wound with the known dressing of adhesion layer that comprises with glue.Because siloxane layer disperses its adhesion strength more fully, so when when dressing is removed in the wound, its peel strength can the de-epithelization cell.Therefore can use dressing once more and can not damage the skin and the wound of wound.In addition, owing to be hydrophobic, so preventing moisture, siloxane layer under described layer, builds up, in addition because the capillary force of absorbent core may is introduced dressing with exudate, this feasible dressing can rising be left skin, and can not make the user of wound dressing produce painful.
Preferably have Shore A hardness as the siloxanes of the facing layer in the dressing of the present invention, most preferably have the Shore A hardness that can not record less than 1.
When the mixture by crosslinked two or more siloxanes formed siloxanes, the degree that the molecular weight of various components and reactive group replace can be different.This allows only to form the gel with different physical properties by the ratio that changes described component.
Composite facing layer also can comprise one or more skin treatment agents that are mixed in the siloxanes elasticity, for example vaseline oil and Aloe.In preferred embodiments, composite elastic layer be up to 20 weight %, being preferably 11.9 weight % is vaseline oil, and is up to 3 weight %, preferred 0.1 weight % is a for example Aloe of second skin treatment agents.Be appreciated that and use different or other skin treatment agents that this depends on the skin for the treatment of by the skin treatment agents processing.
In preferred embodiments, the siloxanes facing layer is shaped as the silicone gel sheet material with predetermined sectional hole patterns, just forms above-mentioned hole before the silicone gel sheet material is attached to absorbent core may.Typically, the hole has 0.05 to 1.0mm diameter, every cm 2A nearly 50-350 hole.Arrange that with identical pattern facing layer 12 is not limited to this layout though in the preferred embodiment of Fig. 2, shown hole 34.
The siloxanes facing layer is the plane along its nearly surface basically.Yet the siloxanes facing layer can penetrate or be full of the irregular surface of absorbent core may, and described irregular surface is restricted to opening, slit or partial bores surfacewise.
In another embodiment of Figure 13 example, higher with hole 34 density in the core 22 corresponding facing layer 12 of dressing 10, and near or lower or do not have a hole 34 along hole, marginal portion 34 density of dressing.Another selection is that on the marginal portion of dressing, more particularly regional accordingly with the chamfered portion of absorbent core may, facing layer does not have the hole fully.This will slow down the absorption of fluids in the specific region of dressing, thereby more effectively guide exudate to absorb in the zone that can more effectively absorb exudate.In addition, in another embodiment, or more intensive near having the absorbent core may hole of jack, absorb exudate thereby strengthen towards above-mentioned jack.
It should be noted that facing layer only is attached on the nearly surface of absorbent core may, the distance that can penetrate absorbent core may is about 50% of its thickness.By formed the hole before being attached to absorbent core may, facing layer can not stopped up these holes or cover the inwall in the hole of absorbent core may.Therefore preferably by provide have preformed, with suitable facing layer of arranging the hole that is provided with, make facing layer have suitable permeability, corresponding, can control fluid well and transmit by layer of silicone gel.
The thickness of facing layer can change on its length.For example, facing layer can comprise the zone with big thickness, the marginal portion of the wound dressing that this zone is close relative with core, thus provide bigger intensity in this zone for facing layer with thicker end surface layer.
In another embodiment, facing layer comprises at least two different layers with different qualities.The more softish layer that for example provides direct contiguous wound to use, this layer wound of closely fitting; Provide simultaneously place than between soft layer and the absorbent core layer than hard formation, so that ruggedness and intensity to be provided to dressing.Multilamellar or more suitable double layer hardness meter (durometer) facing layer have adopted the principle of describing in the United States Patent (USP) 6,136,039 of authorizing on October 24th, 2000, and this patent is had by assignee of the present invention described herein, at this in conjunction with its disclosure.
In another embodiment, facing layer of the present invention comprises the siloxane layer of the above-mentioned type, and reinforces with the porous back-up coat that embeds.Described back-up coat can comprise non-woven, knitting or woven textile material, or thin polymer film, for example thin film that is made of polyurethane.In this embodiment, the hole in the siloxane layer is corresponding with the hole in the back-up coat usually.
Be appreciated that and in dressing of the present invention, use the non-silicone facing layer and can not depart from its scope.Preferably, described facing layer should be soft, flexible, fit, do not stimulate and sensitization not.This dressing can comprise facing layer, and this facing layer comprises by multiple polymers, for example the porous basement membrane of polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide or polyester material and contact adhesive formation.In addition, facing layer can be can permeate water steam thin film, perforated membrane, weave-, non-woven-or the form of knit goods or scrim.Binding agent can be to have to hang down microsphere or fiber binder damaging and that wet skin is had good adherence power.Be appreciated that only application of adhesive on the part facing layer, for example only center on the marginal portion application of adhesive of dressing, and core do not have binding agent.Preferably, facing layer can be perforated, thereby allows liquid to be sent to absorbent core may.
Dressing of the present invention can comprise the combination of various compositions and not depart from scope of the present invention, comprise, for example medicine, soap, sterilization and antibacterial, deodorizer, hemorrhage, protein, enzyme and nucleic acid.Preferably, these reagent directly in conjunction with or be dispersed in the absorbent core may, or disperse with absorber material.Another selection is, can these compositions be combined in the dressing by any suitable method, and comprising can be in conjunction with the extra play that is attached to absorbent core may of mentioned component.
Appropriate drug, soap, sterilization and antibacterial, protein, enzyme are commercially available.Preferred described medicine comprises antifungal, antibacterial agent, angiogenic growth promoter and other reagent that is fit to.
Observe Figure 10 as mentioned above, facing layer 12 can comprise near or the binding agent that provides in the neighboring of facing layer part.Preferred this binding agent is a pressure sensitive silicone, NuSilTechnology (Carpenteria for example, CA) produce, product code numbering is the adhesive silicone of MED-1356 or Nu Sil Technology (Carpenteria, the very sticking siloxanes that CA) produce, product code numbering is MED-6345.After facing layer is solidified, adhesive silicone is coated onto on the siloxanes facing layer, make when it is in partly solidified state, adhesive silicone is coated onto on the facing layer, follow when it and finish curing on facing layer the time.Another selection is, binding agent can be to be used for that binding agent is coated onto suprabasil traditional method to be coated onto SGA or PUR on the facing layer.
In a preferred method of the invention, adopt bi-component siloxane to prepare tacky silicone gels.For example (Carpenteria, CA) MED-6340 A of Sheng Chaning and B are partly for NuSil Technology.A and B two partly in every part all comprise identical base material, poly-(dimethyl siloxane) of vinyl substituted.In addition, A partly comprises platinum catalyst, when mixing with convenient part A and part B, promotes the reaction between them.B partly comprises siloxanes crosslinked, that contain hydride.A and B part is all mixed easily, and separate processes, does not react or solidifies.
Fully mix A and B partly generates tacky silicone gels with 1: 1 ratio, thereby can and contain vinyl in the siloxanes of siloxanes activation vinyl substituted of hydride by catalyst.This will cause silicone cross-linked, make it begin to solidify.The factor that required time is solidified in influence is the temperature of A part and the partially mixed combination of B.Suitable temperature range is 50-150 ℃, is preferably 100-130 ℃.Another factor that influences hardening time is the amount of the catalyst that uses in A part and the B combination partly, yet catalyst also can make us undesirably influencing the viscosity of silicone gel.Typically; in the present invention, solidify the thick silicone gel facing layer of 0.1mm, be approximately 1 minute hardening time at 100 ℃; when A part and B partly were in semi-cured state in mixed 3-12 scope second, the silicone gel facing layer can move to absorbent core may usually.
Be appreciated that the purpose of demonstration provides the above-mentioned step that is used to prepare tacky silicone gels for example, do not mean that the present invention is confined to described step.Can use any suitable being used to prepare the step of partly solidified viscosity facing layer, and this still within the scope of the invention.
In the context of the present invention, the siloxanes of " partly solidified " represents that siloxanes does not have full solidification, so siloxanes is not crosslinked fully.Typically, about employed gel mixture and absorber material, rule of thumb set up the parameter that is used for production part cured silicone layer.Can change though produce the parameter of the siloxane layer of " partly solidified ", can use the ratio of silicone gel full solidification required time to determine whether siloxane layer is partly solidified.Particularly, in the present invention, siloxane layer is partly solidified between the 5-70% of required total time of curing silicone gel.Reach a conclusion thus, the interval that facing layer is applied to absorbent core may is 5-40%, or 5-20% more preferably.
When the curing silicone layer, use catalyst to quicken hardening time, and reduce the viscosity of silicone gel.(Carpenteria CA) is purchased siloxane catalyst, and product code numbering is CAT-50 from NuSil Technology.
Another preferred feature of facing layer of the present invention is along its surperficial variable viscosity.According to described feature, can set different facing layer viscosity in the zones of different of facing layer.For example, near the marginal portion or the facing layer zone of part the viscosity higher than the core of facing layer can be provided.Viscosity can along the semi-section of facing layer from the marginal portion of facing layer part or near maximum change to facing layer the core part or near the mode of minima arrange by gradient.The embodiment of wound dressing with the facing layer that has variable viscosity is in Figure 14 illustrated.As shown in the figure, facing layer 12 can have in the discontinuous a plurality of parts that have uniform tackiness usually to be provided, and for example core 37 and the mid portion 35 than facing layer 12 has the more marginal portion 33 of high viscosity.Viscosity divides 37 to raise gradually to marginal portion 33 from central division, or viscosity can keep constant relatively in each discontinuous part 33,35,37.
Facing layer is not limited to the marginal portion and has uniform tackiness.Facing layer can comprise that at least one side has the more marginal portion of high viscosity than its opposite side.For example, as shown in Figure 15, if dressing has roughly square or rectangular configuration, then two opposite sides 39 corresponding to the marginal portion of facing layer 12 have higher viscosity than all the other opposite sides 41 of facing layer.Another selection is, under the situation of dressing tool circular structure or its variant, as shown in Figure 16, has higher viscosity corresponding to the other parts of the marginal portion of the part 43 comparable facing layer 12 of the facing layer 12 of its marginal portion.
Peel off test according to 90 ° of stainless steel surfaces, be generally 0.05N-1.0N corresponding to the viscosity of the core of siloxanes facing layer, and be preferably 0.1N-0.4N.Viscosity corresponding to the marginal portion of siloxanes facing layer is generally 0.5N-5.0N, and is preferably 0.8N-3.0N.
Facing layer with variable viscosity can followingly obtain: form its zone wherein contain the facing layer of different silicone components mixture, whether have or exist not commensurability siloxane catalyst or other component, be exposed to different conditions of cure for example pressure or temperature or in the siloxanes base material any other method known to the skilled in the field of the different viscosity of acquisition.In addition, in the embodiment shown in Figure 14-16, can prepare discontinuous discrete portions and be administered to it on absorbent core may separately with different viscosity; Maybe can adopt the discontinuous facing layer of discontinuous part to form facing layer with different viscosity.
In another embodiment of the wound dressing shown in Figure 17, can construct so that limit marginal portion 45 facing layer 12 that described marginal portion 45 is extended absorbent core may 14 and is provided with thereon to backing layer 16.The marginal portion 45 preferred peripheral edges of backing layer 16 around absorbent core may 14 and facing layer 12.The marginal portion 45 of backing layer 16 can have preferably the binding agent or the elastomer gel of the skin adherent more more tacky than facing layer 12.The strong cohesiveness of the marginal portion 45 of backing layer 16 makes dressing 10 firmly be retained in the appropriate position on the wound location.In described embodiment, facing layer 12 preferably has soft cohesiveness, and this makes is avoiding the wound damage with it when remove the wound.
In another embodiment shown in Figure 18, backing layer 16 is adhered on the absorbent core may 14, so that absorbent core may extends out from backing layer 16.Facing layer 12 is constructed extending around absorbent core may 14 is lateral, and extend to usually with backing layer 16 and intersect.Backing layer 16 comprises marginal portion 45, and described marginal portion 45 can have the viscosity stronger than facing layer 12.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 17 and 18, backing layer can have or not have aforementioned compliant element, and absorbent core may can have or not comprise the jack of the discontinuous part of absorbent material.
The whole side of the backing layer of contiguous absorbent core may comprises the binding agent or the elastomer gel of the skin adherent that is used for marginal portion 45.But in the above-described embodiment, the binding agent of skin adherent or elastomer gel preferably place on the backing layer and do not shift so that it does not suppress dampness.In alternate embodiment, after being administered to backing layer on the absorbent core may, use the binding agent or the elastomer gel of the skin adherent on the marginal portion that places backing layer, for example spraying or blade coating are to the marginal portion of backing layer.
Can use a kind of described herein being used for that backing layer is administered to the manufacture method that method on the absorbent core may is implemented above-mentioned embodiment.Another selection is in the face of on the side of absorbent core may, discontinuous binding agent or elastomer gel to be coated on the side of backing layer.Thereby backing layer is placed on the absorbent core may so that backing layer extends on its whole surface, and wherein the part backing layer extends to outside the peripheral edge of absorbent core may to limit the marginal portion.Before being administered to backing layer on the absorbent core may, priming paint is administered to the side of the absorbent core may of adjacent back lining, so that priming paint uses by discontinuous mode, make when being administered on the absorbent core may priming paint not suppress dampness and pass through backing layer.
In a preferable methods, facing layer and hole thereof formed before being adhered to it on absorbent core may.The preferred punching machine 42 that uses forms facing layer and hole thereof.Shown in Figure 19 and 20, punching machine 42 comprises the carrier surface 47 of the general plane with a plurality of needle-like punctured elements 44, and described punctured element extends certain distance from carrier surface.To comprise that punching machine 42 selectivitys of carrier surface 43 and punctured element 44 are heated to the solidification temperature of siloxanes.Can be coated with the release thin film on carrier surface 47 and the punctured element 44, for example TEFLON.
In a preferred embodiment, the segment distance that punctured element ratio of elongation siloxane layer thickness is long a little, and length variations is 0.02-1.0mm, preferred length is 0.1-0.2mm.Although in described embodiment, punctured element has the circular cross section, and pecker is not limited to said structure.For example, pecker or can have is configured to triangle, square, rectangle or any shape that other is fit to or the cross section of its combination.It is 5-300/cm that punching machine has density 2Punctured element, and preferably have 100 punctured element/cm 2
When forming facing layer, uncured silicone gel is placed on the carrier surface of punching machine so that punctured element runs through layer of silicone gel.The thickness that uncured siloxane layer has usually is 0.05-0.5mm.Before or after placing silicone gel on the punching machine, punching machine is heated to predetermined temperature, about 100 ℃ or be heated to the solidification temperature of any silicone gel that other is fit to.When it is flattened on carrier surface when sliding, silicone gel begins to solidify along inside part of its contiguous carrier surface.But, should be appreciated that, do not wish to make outside full solidification with the inboard relative silicone gel of silicone gel.This makes Outboard Sections have enough viscosity, being adhered on the absorbent core may when it is squeezed, and finishes curing when therefore making silicone gel on placing absorbent core may.
Absorbent core may is placed on the facing layer side relative with the side of contiguous carrier surface.Because silicone gel is partly solidified state, silicone gel will solidify and be adhered on the surface of absorbent core may.When the silicone gel full solidification, siloxane layer is taken out from punching machine with absorbent core may.Can exert pressure so that facing layer is adhered on the absorbent core may more up hill and dale to absorbent core may and facing layer.
Siloxane layer can take out from punching machine before being administered to it on absorbent core may.In this case, when it is in partly solidified state, siloxane layer can strip down from punching machine, thereby form discontinuous partly solidified siloxane layer, described partly solidified siloxane layer can be administered on transfer film or the base material in order to further to be administered on the absorbent core may or to be applied directly on the organ.Transfer film can be the paper of air permeable or similar type be easy to use siloxane layer and its can be removed during basically or in full solidification thin film or paper.
The above description that provides is provided, can be improved punching machine.Specifically, the carrier surface of punching machine can comprise a plurality of holes from wherein extending, and wherein a plurality of discontinuous punctured elements are slidably disposed in described a plurality of hole.Use the method for above-mentioned punching machine may further comprise the steps: with the plane surface and the punctured element heating of punching machine; With uncured silicone gel is placed on the plane surface of punching machine.In case place on the plane surface, drive punctured element and pass siloxane layer.After siloxane layer is partly solidified at least, punctured element is drawn back from layer of silicone gel.When siloxane layer solidifies, absorbent core may is administered on the siloxane layer then.Another selection is, can make siloxane layer full solidification on punching machine, subsequently siloxane layer taken out; Or before full solidification, siloxane layer is taken out.
In the present invention, in another method that facing layer is administered on the absorbent core may, partly solidified siloxane layer 12 is deposited on the transfer film, by in siloxane layer 12, forming the hole in the mechanical roller 46 of rotating on the transfer film.As shown in figure 21, mechanical roller 46 has the surface of patterning, and described surface structurally is similar to aforementioned carrier surface 43 and punctured element 44 at the punching machine 42 described in Figure 19-20.In forming the process in hole, the punctured element 44 of mechanical roller 46 is heated to about 100 ℃ or be heated to the solidification temperature of siloxane layer.Mechanical roller 46 can be used or before siloxane layer is adhered to absorbent core may siloxane layer be used partly solidified siloxane layer after be administered to siloxane layer 12 on the absorbent core may 14, simultaneously it is adhered on the transfer film.
Mechanical roller can comprise slidably punctured element, as described in the embodiment of relevant punching machine and adopt in a like fashion usually and work.
In another approach, uncured silicone gel directly can be expressed on the mechanical roller of the heating of rotation at a predetermined velocity, this mechanical roller is similar to the above-mentioned type.The absorbent core material of certain-length is supported by transportation surface and is positioned under the mechanical roller.When mechanical roller is rotated, by making the mechanical roller rotation partly solidified silicone gel is deposited on the absorbent core material, described mechanical roller applies slight at least pressure on absorbent core may.Mechanical roller is constructed or is arranged, it is rotated under enough speed so that silicone gel when it leaves carrier surface and is administered on the absorbent core may almost or full solidification.
Can use silicone primer, for example (Carpenteria, CA) product code numbering of Zhi Zaoing is that the silicone primer of CF6-135 promotes siloxane layer to be adhered on the absorbent core may by NuSil Technology.
As shown in Figure 22, in another method that facing layer is administered on the absorbent core may, partly solidified not perforated siloxane layer 12 can be administered on the transfer film 38.Thin film 38 reversed in orientation that will have siloxane layer 12 then are so that thin film 38 defines upper surface and siloxane layer 12 defines lower surface.Then, siloxane layer 12 is slowly placed on the upper surface of absorbent core may 14.After mildly being pressed onto siloxane layer 12 on the absorbent core may 14, the punching machine 42 that will have a plurality of punctured elements 44 places on the lower surface of absorbent core may 14, and above-mentioned punching machine 42 has and the aforementioned punching machine 42 similar structures described in Figure 19 and 20.But the place that described punching machine 42 is different from the punching machine of Figure 19 and 20 is that each punctured element 44 comprises discontinuous air duct and can become bigger thus usually.
Punctured element 44 is inserted in the segment thickness at least of absorbent core may 14, and air is blowed to the various piece of siloxanes 12 by spicule 44.The air that blows out by punctured element 44 solidifies siloxane layer, and further forms the hole by siloxane layer 12.After the enough time and during the formation hole, the device 42 that will have spicule 44 is extracted out from absorbent core may 14.Subsequently thin film 38 is taken off from siloxane layer 12.As mentioned above, silicone primer can be administered on the absorbent core may 14 to use siloxane layer 12 thereon, in order to improve the cohesiveness of siloxane layer absorbent core may.
In another method on the absorbent core may 14 that facing layer 12 is administered to shown in Figure 23 and 24, the negative surperficial 48 of patterning is provided, described surperficial 48 have the negative impression of final siloxane layer 12.The surface 48 of patterning comprises having alarmmed and trench 50,52 of final pattern in a series of holes corresponding to siloxane layer 12.Partly solidified silicone gel 54 is administered on the surface 48 of patterning, so silicone gel places trench 52, alarmmed 50 top at least simultaneously and extended through silicone gel.Subsequently absorbent core may 14 is placed on the silicone gel 54, alarmmed 50 top insertion absorbent core may 14.Then, silicone gel 54 is adhered on the absorbent core may 14, and from the siloxane layer 12 of formation like this, the surface 48 of patterning is removed.Remove predetermined pattern is given on the surface 48 of patterning on siloxane layer 12 hole, described hole has alarmmed 50 corresponding to the surface 48 of patterning.
In another method that facing layer is administered to absorbent core may, silicone gel is almost completely solidified in container.Reached when being fit to condensed denseness at silicone gel, siloxanes has been sprayed on the absorbent core may so that be adhered on it with system mode.When spraying to siloxanes on the absorbent core may, form a plurality of holes along siloxane layer.Adopt and allow hole to carry out the spraying of siloxanes by controlled manner nonrandom, that predetermined pattern forms.Siloxane layer can be sprayed on the absorbent core may so that comprise running surface.
In each preceding method that facing layer is administered to absorbent core may, necessary is that siloxanes does not cover the eyelet of absorbent core may or the hole wall of hole.Purpose provides free-pouring basically liquid or the exudate nearly surface by absorbent core may.In addition, preferably the hole that forms by siloxanes facing layer of the present invention is arranged with predetermined pattern, so that provide better control to the fluid by the siloxanes facing layer when being administered to wound dressing of the present invention on the wound location.
In any of preceding method, with facing layer and absorbent core may along the evenly adhesion basically each other of its opposed area.In addition, in each preceding method, the hole of facing layer formed before or after being administered to facing layer on the absorbent core may.If when placing facing layer on the punching machine absorbent core may is administered on the facing layer, then punctured element or alarmmed can extend in the absorbent core may certain distance or can not extend to certain distance in the absorbent core may.Should be appreciated that, partly solidified when preferably facing layer is on being administered to absorbent core may, so that have enough viscosity to be adhered on the absorbent core may; Also solidify to such an extent that can not form other hole basically by the eyelet of absorbent core may or the capillarity of hole.
Be appreciated that above-described embodiment of the present invention can take multiple different shape, size and structure, and can not depart from scope of the present invention.
Be appreciated that above-described embodiment of the present invention are illustrative in essence, those skilled in the art can improve it, and therefore, the present invention should not be considered to be subject to embodiment disclosed herein, and only should be limited by additional claim.

Claims (27)

1. wound dressing, this wound dressing comprises:
Absorbent core may with relative nearly surface and surface far away; With
The elastomeric gel layer of the discontinuous skin adherent that is provided with along the near surface of absorbent core may, described elastomeric gel layer has a plurality of holes of running through extension by patterned arrangement.
2. according to the wound dressing of claim 1, wherein the nearly surface of elastomeric gel layer is essentially planar.
3. according to the wound dressing of claim 1, wherein elastomeric gel layer comprises cross-linked silicone gel.
4. according to the wound dressing of claim 1, wherein elastomeric gel layer is along the near surperficial bridge joint surface imperfection place of absorbent core may.
5. according to the wound dressing of claim 1, wherein elastomeric gel layer comprises the skin treatment agents that is selected from Aloe and vaseline.
6. wound dressing that covers wound, this wound dressing comprises:
The facing layer of the skin adherent of being made up of discontinuous layer of silicone gel, described layer of silicone gel has a plurality of preformed hole by patterned arrangement.
7. wound dressing, this wound dressing comprises:
Limit the absorbent core may on relative nearly surface and surface far away, described surface far away comprises core and marginal portion;
Be connected to the surface far away of absorbent core may and limit the impenetrable liquid of marginal portion and the backing layer of vapor permeable, described marginal portion extends to outside the periphery of absorbent core may; With
Be administered to the adhesive phase on the portions of proximal at least of marginal portion of backing layer.
8. according to the wound dressing of claim 7, wherein the nearly surface of the marginal portion of backing layer and absorbent core may is substantially parallel.
9. wound dressing according to Claim 8, wherein backing layer extends along the peripheral edge of absorbent core may.
10. wound dressing according to Claim 8, it further comprises the facing layer of the nearly lip-deep porous skin adherent that is fixed to absorbent core may.
11. according to the wound dressing of claim 10, wherein facing layer is extended to be connected with backing layer with peripheral edge along the whole near surface of absorbent core may.
12. according to the wound dressing of claim 10, wherein facing layer is discontinuous porous elastomers gel layer.
13. according to the wound dressing of claim 10, wherein the surface far away of the marginal portion of backing layer and absorbent core may is substantially parallel.
14. a wound dressing, this wound dressing comprises:
Have the absorbent core may on relative nearly surface and surface far away, described surface far away comprises the center and peripheral part;
Have the elastomer gel facing layer of discontinuous skin adherent on the nearly lip-deep surface far away of the absorbent core may of being fixed to, described facing layer has a plurality of holes of running through extension by patterned arrangement; With
Be administered to the discontinuous pressure sensitive adhesive layer at least a portion on nearly surface of facing layer.
15. according to the wound dressing of claim 14, wherein adhesive phase has higher skin adherence than the elastomer gel of facing layer.
16. a wound dressing, this wound dressing comprises:
Absorbent core may with relative nearly surface and surface far away; With
Have the micro-pore face layer of discontinuous skin adherent on the nearly lip-deep surface far away of the absorbent core may of being fixed to, wherein facing layer comprises the part with different skin sticky limit along its nearly surface.
17. according to the wound dressing of claim 16, wherein corresponding to the skin-adherent degree of the approximate centre of facing layer part less than skin-adherent degree near the marginal portion of its core.
18. according to the wound dressing of claim 16, wherein facing layer comprises at least two dwell of cams that are positioned at apart from the central shaft different distance place of wound dressing, above-mentioned dwell of cam has different skin adherence.
19. a preparation method that comprises absorbent core may and be adhered to the wound dressing of the elastomer gel facing layer on it said method comprising the steps of:
Uncured elastomeric gel is deposited on the punching machine to form discontinuous elastomeric gel layer thereon;
Make elastomeric gel layer be cured to partly solidified state; With
Absorbent core may is administered on the surface of partly solidified elastomeric gel layer.
20., further be included in the step that in elastomeric gel layer, forms a plurality of holes before being administered to gel layer on the absorbent core may according to the method for claim 19.
21. according to the method for claim 19, wherein punching machine comprises a plurality of punctured elements that limit by pattern, described punctured element forms a plurality of holes in elastomeric gel layer.
22., further be included in the step on heating carrier surface and punctured element before elastomer gel deposited on the carrier surface according to the method for claim 21.
23., further be included in the step that keeps the heating punching machine when being administered to absorbent core may on the partly solidified elastomer gel according to the method for claim 19.
24. according to the method for claim 21, further comprise to the surface of the surperficial relative absorbent core may of contact resilient body gel layer on the step of exerting pressure.
25. according to the method for claim 19, wherein partly solidified elastomeric gel layer is a crosslinking silicone.
26. a preparation method that comprises the wound dressing of porous layer of silicone gel, this method may further comprise the steps:
Uncured silicone gel is placed on the plane surface of the punching machine with a plurality of punctured elements, described punctured element runs through layer of silicone gel; With
When the surface of the layer of silicone gel of being close to described plane surface at least is partly solidified at least, peel off silicone gel from punching machine.
27., further comprise the step of the plane surface that heats punching machine according to the method for claim 26.
CNB2003801100651A 2002-12-31 2003-12-03 Wound dressing Expired - Lifetime CN100448436C (en)

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US43714602P 2002-12-31 2002-12-31
US60/437,146 2002-12-31
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CN1756519A (en) 2006-04-05

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