CN1751205A - Method and system for free-space imaging display and interface - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention comprises a method and system for displaying free-space, full color, high-resolution video or still images while simultaneously enabling the user to have real-time direct interaction with the visual images. The system comprises a self-generating means for creating a dynamic, non-solid particle cloud by ejecting atomized condensate present in the surrounding air, in a controlled fashion, into an invisible particle cloud. A projection system consisting of an image generating means and projection optics, projects an image onto the particle cloud. Any physical intrusion, occurring spatially within the image region, is captured by a detection system and the intrusion information is used to enable real-time user interaction in updating the image. This input/output (I/O) interface provides a display and computer link, permitting the user to select, translate and manipulate free-space floating visual information beyond the physical constraints of the device creating the image.

Description

The method and system that is used for free-space imaging demonstration and interface

Technical field

The present invention relates to increase the input/output interface of the sense of reality, relate to free space (free-space) imaging demonstration, environment, emulation and mutual.

Background technology

Current technology attempts to utilize existing technology, creates the vision of free floating (free-floating) image by the manipulation of the deep layer hint (depth cue) that produced by 2-D data.These several examples wherein comprise the three-dimensional imaging by shutter and polarized glass, and by from the lens screen of traditional monitor guiding light or use the automatic stereo technology that real imaging device constituted of concavees lens array.The restriction that all these technology are all assembled and regulated.This is caused by the difference between the locus of the original two dimensional image that produces data and institute's perception.The result is owing to be difficult to focus on that perception will occur and not on the necessary being image, cause eyes of user tired and tired.

In order to solve this visual constraints, the position of image and perception thereof must be spatially consistent.The existing method that has solved this restriction is by on the not visible plane that projects to the picture position that has occupied the real space perception in essence; Yet the method for prior art has caused relatively poor image fidelity.1899, Just projected on the non-solid-state screen at first having proposed in the patent No. 620,592, wherein projects image onto on the simple water curtain, and known in the art is the water smoke screen prjection., only depend on sheet (laminar) quality of improving with picture quality directly related screen, proposed common progress for picture quality thereafter.Equally, in the prior art, these methods have limited clean cut, clear and only based on the spatial image stability of the dynamic attribute of screen, and this has produced unsettled relatively image on the space in itself.Minor screen fluctuations has also been mixed image fault.Removing recognizable screen from the hope target of free-space imaging has simply also sacrificed image fidelity and has amplified the image aberration.The progress of this invention becomes from lasting equipment, has overcome the restriction of prior art picture steadiness and fidelity, has improved the visual angle, and has additional interaction capabilities.

One of major defect of finding in the prior art is the dependence that provides that screen is produced material.These equipment depend on be used for that screen produces material repeat to fill storage pool (tank), maybe must be arranged in as big water body or equipment on every side such as lakes, so that operation.This has limited the operating time of the equipment in enclosed environment, and what for example need to refill is indoor, or the pipeline that is used for constant operation connects.This result has seriously limited the operation of the equipment that causes owing to this dependence, the convenience that carries and be shifted.In addition, some water smoke optical projection system makes the air supersaturation of surrounding environment by the particulate as the gas of wet steam or other injection, has changed operating environment.Dangerous environment has been given birth in the constant material miscarriage of spraying, and can cause electrical short, and in for example indoor enclosure space mouldy generation to the potential threat of health.Do not have to use in the WAVE white paper of the United States Patent (USP) 5,270,752 of Kataoka and Ismo Rakkolainen disclosed dehumidification treatments collect water vapour producing projection surface's screen, but improved the sheet performance as independently separating aspirator.Especially, the present invention has used the condensation extracting method, serves as from lasting particle cloud manufacturing and transmission system.

In addition, in the prior art, although can optimize projection plane at uniformity, thickness and flatness by improving the sheet performance, the intrinsic property that dynamical system trends towards turbulent flow naturally can influence the clarity or the clean cut degree of entire image most possibly, and the image space stability of image shake for example.All cause unsettled screen by common fluctuation air stream or caused these the fine variations of other environmental condition that in most of indoor and outdoors environment, occur, influenced image thus.Prior art attempts to become more meticulous and prevent the transition of sheet to turbulent flow by relying on screen, thereby solves these image degradations and stable problem.The United States Patent (USP) 5 of Kataoka, 270,752 comprise following improvement: make the boundary layer friction minimum between screen and the surrounding air by realizing the protection air curtain, increased the jet length of screen scope thus, at stable image, kept similar relatively thin screen intensity of sheet and uniform density of particle simultaneously.Although utilize existing method can realize the screen of relative sheet, owing to only depend on the improvement of screen, limited the generation of stable and distinct image on the space.

Conventional physical screen with single first plane of reflection is different with projecting to, and the virtual projection screen dielectric layer presents constant thickness, the result, and on the entire depth of medium, the projection of imaging all is visual arbitrarily.Equally, from the place ahead during coaxial watching, the image of being seen is the clearest when directly.This is because the identical image alignment of piling up by the degree of depth of screen is located immediately at rear each other, and is coaxial with respect to the observer.In order to approximate not visible screen, to produce highly visual image, need high-intensity illumination, with lower transmissivity and the reflectivity of compensation screen cloud not visible.When the direct viewing projection light source with compensation density lower, not visible to approximate not visible screen lower transmissivity and during reflectivity, the image of being seen is the brightest and the clearest.This always causes and watches difficulty when having to stare light source.When under the particle cloud situation of high particle counting (high density), more low intensive illumination can compensate the high reflectance of screen.This always causes that screen visually shifts and needs larger and more powerful condenser system to collect more substantial airborne particulate.

Additional progress of the present invention automatically monitors for example environmental conditions such as variation of humidity and ambient temperature, to adjust density, microenvironment and the projective parameter of cloud, so that make the visual minimum of particle cloud screen.The present invention has improved the not visible property of screen in the multiple light courcess environment and the contrast of image by a plurality of light beams that the image space that is projected in hope intersects, so that the illumination intensity maximum, and make single light source intensity minimum.

Prior art has also been created the coaxial or approximately axial limited viewing area of knowing.Projection source fan angle has produced increasing from axial projection towards the image border, wherein because with respect to observer's circuit in the visual field, on the degree of depth of whole medium, slightly therefore the image imaging of deviation has destroyed image fidelity at the front surface of medium.Because the degree of depth of passing through screen is to the picture imaging, the beholder not only can equally with conventional screen see the front surface image of hope, and can also see the undesirable irradiated particulate on whole screen intensity, and this causes meticulous and not fuzzy image.In the present invention, the multi-source optical projection system provides continuous coaxial-illuminating, and the identical image of coaxial alignment on whole screen intensity has visually been stablized image thus and made the image shake minimum.

By adopting from persistence particle cloud manufacturing process, the present invention is not subjected to these aforesaid restrictions, helps the imaging projection, helps improving the microenvironment of image fidelity, and comprises additional interaction capabilities.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of method and apparatus, be used to produce true high fidelity polychrome, high-resolution free space video or still image with interaction capabilities.Video or still image that should be synthetic be clear, have the visual angle of broad, have additional user input interaction capabilities, and can reproduce separation point position around the image space and watch the discrete images of each.All these functions of this enhancing sense of reality equipment are that existing water smoke screen prjection, existing display or the disclosed equipment of prior art can not possess.

This system comprises from generation device, be used for according to controlled atomizing type, the condensate that appears in the surrounding air by collection also is ejected in the particle cloud of sheet, half sheet or turbulent flow subsequently, produces dynamic, not visible or approximate not visible non-solid particles cloud.The optical projection system that constitutes by image forming appts and projection optical system with one or more image projection to described particle cloud.The present invention projects to still image or dynamic image, text or information data on the not visible or approximate not visible particle cloud screen surface.When this particle cloud was shone in the DIRECT ENERGY source, particle cloud demonstrated reflection, refraction and transmissison characteristic, was used for the purpose of imaging.The optical projection system that comprises single or multiple projection source is shone particle cloud according to controlled way; wherein particulate in the particle cloud or elementary particle are used as the medium that this place has synthesized image, and wherein the controlled focusing of light and intersection have produced addressable visual 3 D auto space illumination on the space.

In addition, come to appear on the capture space any physical disturbance in the particle cloud image-region by detection system, for example the finger disturbance of moving can realize the renewal of information or image or mutual in real time.This I/O (I/O) interface provides novel demonstration and computer interface, allows the visual information that the user selects, translates and the manipulation free space floats, and is not created the physical restriction of the equipment of image.

The invention provides a novelty enhancing the platform of the sense of reality, be used to show spatially the information of coexistence, as the stack in the actual physical world.The interactive non-solid free floating characteristic of image makes under the multitask situation, display space is that physics is insertable for the effective concurrent use between physics and " virtual " activity, described multitask situation comprises the Collaborative environment that is used for military plan, meeting and video-game, and the displaying demonstration that is used for advertisement and point of sale displaying.

By utilizing non-sheet, half sheet and turbulent flow particle cloud, the present invention is independent of full sheet screen of the prior art, with respect to existing display screen tangible improvement has been arranged, to show clearly image.Utilize the microenvironment of multi-stage equalizing chamber and baffle plate to utilize the new advantages of method to produce to reduce the smooth laminar airflow of the boundary layer friction between barometric gradient and particle cloud and the surrounding environment.In addition, electronic environment management control (EMC) produces by control and the amount of the particulate that sprays in conjunction with the particle cloud rate of departure, has reduced the density of particle cloud, guarantees that thus not visible arriving is similar to not visible screen.The fine balance of particle cloud density and illumination intensity can not appear in the prior art, so cloud or highly visual or density is low excessively, thereby produced bright excessively image.Other of improved optical projection system be progressive to have improved angle limitations intrinsic in the prior art, for example vibration that is caused by the turbulent flow in the screen.In addition, self-contained (self-contained) of the present invention and can produce constant particle cloud stream from the water vapour of surrounding air by condensation from lasting system makes the system can independent operation thus, and can not influence common operating environment.In addition, the present invention has adopted the interaction capabilities that does not have in the prior art.

Many projection source of the present invention have the ability that produces many images; Can watch each discrete images from diverse location from different signal source projections.This allows to produce the image of separation and independently watches from the place ahead and the rear of display, for example, is used for the video-game situation, and wherein Dui Li player can observe its " viewpoint " separately, can also observe its adversary by image simultaneously.In addition, the multi-source projection redundancy has been alleviated block (occlusion) that the image demonstration occurs hindering, for example in the prior art, stand in the people between projection source and the screen.

By only from a lateral projection, display can also serve as unidirectional private display, wherein image is visual from a side, and is almost transparent from opposite side, and this is impossible for for example TV, plasma or traditional monitors such as computer CRT and LCD monitor.Change the illumination intensity of institute's projection and transparency and the opacity that cloud density can further reduce image, this is the not available function of prior art.In addition, owing to comprise in " physical box " of the dull and stereotyped physical screen of forward sight of traditional monitor for example and do not comprise image, so image can show on the multiple geometry on plane being not limited to.In addition, size of images is in fact greater than the size of the equipment that produces image, and this is owing to image is not confined in the physics cabinet of traditional LC D for example or CRT.Display can also adopt the geometry of variation, produces the particle cloud surface except that the plane, for example cylindrical or curved surface.For the particle cloud of these types, adjust or proofread and correct its optical system, with the variable focus distance of compensation projection.

Because shown image is a non-physics and therefore inconspicuous, the application of present technique is very extensive.Can be shown as the information of picture at indoor center, wherein people or target can move by image, are used for teleconference, perhaps can look squarely demonstration as " virtual " of medical surgery room, can not disturb operation.System of the present invention has not only discharged the space that may place traditional monitor, and because its variable opacity and the ability of looking more, makes equipment can be positioned in many ways center, so as freely to watch together each other, discussion and interaction figure picture.This equipment can be suspended on the ceiling, places on the wall, on the floor, for example is hidden in the furniture such as desk, and can carries out projection from all directions, when not in use, can also regain image.The form that reduces ratio can make giant display and the interactive interface that has " virtual " in the less physically cabinet of for example PDA and cellular portable set.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of primary clustering of the present invention and processing;

Fig. 2 shows the optical characteristics of the globe lens of prior art, and is similar to single spherical cloud particulate;

Fig. 3 shows the polar angle illumination intensity of each projection source;

Fig. 3 a shows a side imaging projection embodiment;

Fig. 3 b shows the concurrent or inverse imaging projection embodiment of bilateral;

Fig. 3 c shows bilateral separate imaging projection embodiment;

Fig. 4 shows in the multi-source projection is provided with, the position optical property of single cloud particulate;

Fig. 5 shows the light multi-source principle bigger than the ratio that occurs among Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 has represented the clear level of the imaging of single projection source;

Fig. 7 has represented from the clear level of the imaging of multi-source projection;

Fig. 8 shows many projection source of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is the profile of assembly of the present invention;

Fig. 9 a is the close-up illustration that is used to produce the dividing plate ventilating opening of microenvironment of the present invention;

Fig. 9 b is the schematic diagram that environmental management control is handled;

Figure 10 shows the plane of multi-source projection;

Figure 11 is the optional plane of one-sided long-range multi-source projection;

Figure 12 is the optional plane of the single multi-source projection of bilateral;

Figure 13 shows the side view of the detection system of Fig. 9;

Figure 14 is the shaft side projection drawing of the detection system of Figure 13; And

Figure 15 shows the example of the image of catching from detection system; Click (translation) and double-click (selection).

The specific embodiment

Schematic diagram among Fig. 1 has illustrated basic building block of the present invention.Realize that optimization model of the present invention extracts equipment (1) by heat pump, use the solid-state element of thermoelectric (TEC) module for example, based on the dehumidification system of compressor or create heat difference other device, extraction water vapour from surrounding air (22) to cause that the condensation that is used for collecting is subsequently set up.Extraction equipment (1) can be separated to independent position from master unit, for example on the particle cloud (5).The condensate that is extracted is stored in the storage pool (2), and storage pool can comprise outside connect (34), the operation that refills or be used to not have extraction equipment (1) that is used to add.Condensate is sent to the particle cloud manufacturing system (3) that will further specify in presents, this system is by machinery, acoustics, electronics or chemical means, or the combination of one or more means, and condensate is converted into fine particle cloud material (5).Particle cloud delivery device (4) is sprayed fine particle cloud by part humidifying surrounding air again (21), has created not visible the arriving that is included in the controlled microenvironment (37) and has been similar to not visible particle cloud screen (5).Comprise that the EMC system (18) of controller (35) and sensor (36) adjusts other parameter of screen (5) density (granule amount in every prescribed volume), speed and particle cloud (5).Sensor (36) reads for example external environment condition of temperature, humidity and surrounding environment brightness, and send it to controller (35), controller carries out decipher to data, and indication particle cloud manufacturing system (3) adjustment parameter, to guarantee to be used for the effective not visible of imaging to approximate not visible screen.

The signal of externally-originated signal source (12), VCR, DVD, video-game, computer or other video source arrives processing unit (6) by optional scan converter (38), the vision signal of decoding input.For example, the stored video data (13) that is included in hard disk, flash memory, optics or other storage device can be used as content source.Processing unit (6) receives these signals, and it is made an explanation and instruction is sent to graphic boards (7), and graphic boards produces the vision signal (8) that is sent to image forming appts (9), thereby produces static state or video image.Image generator (9) comprises that demonstration is used for the static state of projection or the device of video data, this device can be LCD (LCD), digital light processing unit (DLP), Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) or based on the device of laser instrument, be used to guide or modulate light, to produce static state or video image from employed any light source.The single image transmission optics system (10) that comprises telecentric projection optical system can comprise the self adaptation anamorphotic optical system on the non-linear screen that is used to focus on curve screens for example.In the embodiment that simplifies, can also replace assembly (38,6,7,8,9,10) by video projector.Can also use anamorphotic optical system and digital keystone correction (keystone correction), with compensate on the non-parallel planes from axial projection.

In preferred multi-source embodiment, single projection source (9) comprises many transmission light paths (20), comprise a series of lens, prism, optical splitter, speculum and the image that is produced be divided into other required optical component of " phantom " source position that described " phantom " source is positioned at around the circumference of equipment and projected bundle is navigated on the particle cloud (5) again.In the optional embodiment that many images produce, single image generator or a plurality of projecting cell (19) at a for example projecting cell are gone up a plurality of images of generation, and utilize monochromatic light transmission path (10) or utilize many transmission paths of many transmission optics system (20) that it is located, cut apart and reconfigure projection.Use known in the prior art optics or based on the device of software, or the combination of these two kinds of means compensates and proofreaies and correct owing to the figure image focu that causes from axial projection, comprise (promptly at one or more image quadrilateral distortion correction, 4 trapezoidal distortions) in all examples, particle cloud (5) has been shone in orientation projection, and wherein free space image (11) seems to swim in the protective microenvironment (37) in the surrounding air (21).Microenvironment (37) is as the boundary layer performance that improves by the establishment jet velocity protection air stream similar to particle cloud (5) between particle cloud and the ambient air.Can optimize the character of this microenvironment (37) and particle cloud (5) constantly, the environmental condition so that compensation changes so that make the visual minimum of cloud, will further go through below.

In mutual embodiment, on the space with image (11) coexistence be that input can detect space (39), make image serve as I/O (I/O) equipment.The physical perturbation that the input of the particle cloud (5) of for example user's finger, sharp shaped material or other exterior object can be detected in the space (39) is identified as input instruction (14).Can detect the space when emphasizing disturbance when pointing to, register this input by the light source with specific wavelength (16) in for example infrared (IR) source.Illumination comprises by use laser line striped, IR LED, traditional lamp reflects the light of the object in the regulation detectable region, or comprises the equal illumination source that can detect the image projection in space from irradiation.In its preferred embodiment, catch from user's the finger or the light of other input unit (14) spread reflection by optical pickocff (15).Optical pickocff or detector (15) can comprise that charge-coupled device (CCD), complementary metal oxide silicon (CMOS) sensor maybe can catch the detector or the sensor of the similar type of view data.

Sensor (15) can be by using specific bandwidth sensor, use bandpass filter or the combination of the two, approximate or equal the limited of light source (16) wavelength or optimize susceptibility response place and operate, with filtering undesirable " noise ".Ignore the light beyond the frequency response bandwidth of sensor or make its minimum, so that reduce ambient interferences and the only input (14) wished of identification.Be present in by the coordinate in the space of the disturbance of light source irradiation correspondingly with similar two dimension or three-dimensional position in the computer environment, for example in graphic user interface (GUI), disturbance input (14) is used as cursor of mouse, is similar to virtual touch screen.The coordinate that highlights that sensor is caught sends to controller (17), reads the input data that highlight, and utilizes some identification (blob recognition) or gesture recognition software in processing unit (6) or the controller (17) to carry out decipher.Therefore, in GUI, for example with the supporting tracking software command operating system of mouse emulation software or go up the application program update image of operation at processing unit (6).Other variant of detection system comprises the use Ultrasonic Detection, based on the detection that closes on or based on the detection of radar, all can both perceived position and translation information.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention only operates on the power source that is independent of the water source by the particle cloud material that produces himself.By making surrounding air through heat pump, the cooling air also drops to below the dew point it, wherein can remove and collect condensate, is used for the cloud material.A kind of method commonly known in the art comprises dehumidification treatments, and by this processing, when condensate was discharged heat, compressor impelled cooling and makes airborne water recovery by evaporative coil or the fin that is used to reduce coil temperature.Another kind of variant comprises and uses a series of solid-state Peltier TEC module, for example between " coupling " small-sized bismuth telluride (Bi ₂Te ₃) sandwich of two potsherds of array, can be created in the condensate that a colder side can be collected.Other variant comprises from the surrounding air of for example nitrogen or oxygen and other gas and extracts element, makes supercool but gas or liquid by diffusion, and the result has produced hot crack (thermalgap), to produce cooling cloud material.Another kind method comprises the electric heating power conversion of for example using in fuel cell technology, comprise two electrodes clamping by around the electrolyte that wherein produces power and water stream.Oxygen by an electrode and the hydrogen by another electrode produce the electric current of operational outfit and water and the heat that is used for the cloud material, as byproduct.

Particle cloud is synthetic comprise keep by surface tension, average diameter is at the condensation ball independently in a large number of one to ten micrometer range, diameter is too small then to make the beholder invisible, and should be enough big to be provided for the illumination cloud of imaging.Focusing to the whole cloud and controlled brightness of illumination make single spheroid as lens, and with coaxial transmission of high density and focusing optical fiber, being located immediately at the beholder in screen and projection source the place ahead thus can be the brightest and the most clearly watch image.In multi-source embodiment, from multi-source light is directed to particle cloud and has guaranteed can see clearly image from all directions, continuous coaxial watching is provided.Guaranteed clearly image with the same imaging shaft transmissivity of the cloud screen of multi-source projection coupling, and with beholder's location independent, and compensated any aberration that the turbulent breakdown (breakdown) by cloud causes.Also arrive the summation from the illumination of each projection source of same particle cloud image space from the crossing light of multi-source, make the illumination maximum of the picture position of hope by the location.In this manner, make the illumination beyond the particle cloud minimum on undesirable surface, this with prior art in find identical, wherein the major part of light has been created brighter picture by screen and on the surface except the particle cloud of hope.Similarly, the multi-source projection also makes the luminosity minimum of single projection source, allows directly coaxial watching of beholder, need not equally with prior art, has too much single high strength projection source.

In optional embodiment, particle cloud material can comprise fluorescence emissive additives or doped solution, utilizes specific exciting to create and goes up or fluorescence conversion down, uses non-visible illumination source to produce visual image.For example, the solvable nontoxic additive that is injected into Yun Liuzhong at the place, arbitrfary point that handles comprises rhodamine, or the tracking dyestuff of xanthate for example, and each all has the specific absorption spectrum that is excited by negative electrode, laser, visible light, (ultraviolet) UV or IR driving source.Three mixture of colours deposits yields of the red, green and blue visible emission dyestuff that each excites by specific wavelength visible full spectrum picture.These additives have lower absorption delay time and scope in nanosecond the fluorescence lifetime to microsecond, blurred picture appears in the screen that anti-dynamic moves, and has produced the high fluorescent yield that satisfies into image luminance.Air exhauster (aspriator) module integrated or that separate is collected additive from air, and prevents that these additive dyestuffs are scattering in the surrounding air.

In the prior art, used the lens screen, utilized the optionally directed predetermined image of lens screen, so that discrete image can be reproduced in specific beholder's particular eye or position.Similarly, when the internal refraction that occurs in utilization is lower than each spheroid that produces beyond-the-horizon communication light and the strength level of reflection shine particle cloud screen of the present invention, single particle spheroid is used as the lenslet unit of carrying out with the similar optical property of lens imaging, and makes cloud be used as lens imaging system.To in Fig. 2-7, further explain this notion.

Fig. 2 shows the optical system of single cloud particulate, and is similar to the anaclasis characteristic of sphere lens, and wherein D is the diameter of the approximate complete spheroid of the particulate that formed naturally by surface tension.When it enters spheroid (30), diffraction is the input light of (d) along light path (E) and resolution ratio, focus on the point (31) of coaxial (E) then, point (31) is positioned at coaxial maximum intensity place (31), is EFL (effectively focusing length) apart from the distance at the center (P) of particulate.On the adjacent particulates on the whole cloud depth degree, repeat this process, and continue coaxially, to the last arrive beholder's position (110).

By the density of source strength, cloud and in Fig. 3 the degree of depth with the cloud of polar coordinate representation determine coaxial-illuminating intensity, wherein maximum intensity and definition are positioned at the coaxial zero degree (128) in the place ahead, minimum place is positioned at 180 degree (129) at rear.When illumination intensity is lower than the saturation lighting level of particle cloud, these imaging characteristics have appearred, and this has produced the omnidirectional's specular scattering that scatters to undesirable adjacent particulates in needn't receiving the cloud of not wishing to throw light on.Therefore, can utilize back projection setting to be clear that the floating image that serves as the secret one-way screen from the place ahead of screen, and (129) be not visible to approximate not visible from the rear.Therefore, when when the rear is watched, cloud provides the empty surface that is used for the optional or reversed image of projection, is used for from the rear or independent dual-side image that the place ahead is watched, and this makes that each separate picture all is the most visible from the opposite end.

Fig. 3 a shows an embodiment of lateral projection, and wherein beholder (181) watches the projected image " A " that projects to particle cloud (183) from one or more sources (182).The beholder who is positioned at position (184) can not watch image " A ", or can see approximate not visible reversed image at most.Fig. 3 b shows from both sides (185,186) and projects to image " A " on the particle cloud (187), and the beholder who wherein is positioned at position (188,189) can both see image " A ".The one or more projection source that are positioned at each side can reversed image, therefore, for example, can read literal from both sides from left to right, or image can be corresponding, so that can be reverse at a side image.Fig. 3 c shows the embodiment of viewed in two directions, wherein one or more projection source (190) projected images " A ", and one or more projection source (191) projects to discrete images " B " on the particle cloud (192) simultaneously.The beholder who is positioned at (193) can watch image " B ", and beholder (194) watches image " A " simultaneously.

Fig. 4 shows the multi-source projection that the angle theta (9) between projection source (122,123) and particulate (195) locates, and coaxial to approximate on-axis image with beholder's location independent is provided, and has guaranteed clearly image thus.For the beholder who is positioned at position (121), (145) are clearly visible from the projected image of projection source (123) along the path, be derived from simultaneously projection source (122) with angle theta projection projected image ray (144,145) produced the summation of the intensity in each source.Work as distance L ₁Equal or be similar to user's left eye and the binocular between the right eye apart from the time, and the decline of each projection source is enough big so that can watch for the left eye or the right eye projection source only likely of hope, then can be used for the three-dimensional imaging of emulation with the discrete stereo-picture of angle theta projection.

Fig. 5 shows to the beholder and presents from the overview of the two identical or discrete width of cloth images of the source position projection that separates.Light (149) from projection source (124) has shone particle cloud (146), the particle cloud transmission most of axis light (147) of sensing beholder eyes (148).Similarly, shine particle cloud (146) along the separation or the identical image from projection source (125) of light (27), when beholder's coaxial watching of eyes (29) (28), described image points to axis of projection (28).

Fig. 6 has represented that the corner resolution of single projection source in cartesian coordinate descends, and wherein the zero degree on axle (196) locates to have maximum image intensity and definition.The combination of single microscopic particulates focuses on most of light and this light illumination mode of coaxial generation in projection source the place ahead as complete lens arra.The intrinsic optical property of these of particle sphere and particle cloud has as a whole guaranteed reducing of off-axis illumination intensity, the controllable device of the directed multi-pass of the similar or discrete images that can watch from ad-hoc location (coaxial or approximate coaxial to being positioned at projection source the place ahead) as projection.

Fig. 7 shows the example of the multi-source projection with three signal sources, although can be n signal source.These three signal sources are (Pa), are positioned at (0) on the axle and have the source (Pb) of clarity threshold (OT).The angle threshold angle is that Pa and axle are gone up the intermediate point (126) between (0), and axle is gone up the intermediate point (127) between (0) and the Pb.

Fig. 8 is the described plane of the present invention of figure among Fig. 7.Signal source Pa is shown in (24), and on-axis source (0) is shown in (25), and signal source Pb is shown in (26), and projecting to the degree of depth is on the surface (23) of (150).When beholder (152) watches particle cloud (23), watch axle (153) because the pixel degree of depth (151) is parallel to, so projection source (26) shone and the most clearly shone image maximum, the beholder is sitting in this position.When the beholder moves to position (154), shine the image that he or she sees by on-axis projection source (25), wherein go up the image projection at the entire depth (197) of particle cloud (150).Similarly, when the beholder moves around particle cloud (150), and when being positioned at position (155), the image source of being watched is from signal source (24).Can watch simultaneously by the synthetic entire image of a plurality of projection source arbitrarily these positions or the beholder between it, from described projection source with each in succession or the light of projection simultaneously be directed to particle cloud (150).

Fig. 9 has illustrated the details of operation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.By fan or hair-dryer (40) with in surrounding air (156) inhalation device (32).Through heat exchanger (33,41), heat exchanger comprises the cooling surface of thermoelectric-cooled plate for example and can merge or discrete evaporator fin or coil (33) with air exhauster, is positioned on the particle cloud, serves as gatherer with this air.Air by the hotter side of TEC module heat sink or condensation coil (41), arrives the hot type that is produced in the surrounding air (49) subsequently, or by fan (59,60), and to below the fan (56), so that the air of getting rid of has similar temperature.Go up the condensate that forms at coldplate, coil or fin (33) and drip and be collected in the pan (42),, arrive storage pool (43) by unidirectional detection valve (50) by gravity or air pressure.Alternatively, pond (43) permission equipment is operated independently and be need not to use heat exchanger, utilizes opening (44) or other annex, fills water or links to each other with outer water tube.Horizon sensor, optics or mechanical switch control heat exchanger overflow to prevent pond (43).In known in the prior art traditional dehumidification treatments, can use compressor (157), come pump to get freon or other cooling agent by pipeline (46) and (47).

As the processing that needs higher-wattage, farthest condensation is crucial.The surface area maximum that strengthens air-flow and evaporimeter is to guarantee constant operation and make the overload minimum of heat exchanger, TEC or compressor necessary.In the embodiment of solid-state TEC, can there be compressor (45), utilize suitable heat sink to collect and extract the heat of opposite side than the water vapour of cold side, can replace evaporimeter (33) and condenser (41) by the heat of TEC module with than cold side.Because the time delay before condensate forms, pond (43) permission equipment moves in formation and during collecting condensate.The condensate of being stored enters into spraying expanding chamber (52) through control the detection valve (51) of suitable flow by sensor or switch (55), is used in the particle cloud manufacturing processing.

In a preferred embodiment, expanding chamber (52) use motor machine atomizes and vibrates piezoceramic disk or transducer (53), and piezoceramic disk or transducer are used for sonic oscillation and make the condensate atomizing, produce the cloud and mist of meticulous microscopic particulates, are used for follow-up use.Can use other cloud and mist generating technique, comprise thermal foggers, use the heat cooling of low temperature, injection or atomizer, or produce the additional means of fine mist.The design of chamber has prevented that bigger particulate from leaving expanding chamber (52), allows to form in expanding chamber (52) water smoke simultaneously.For example the horizontal detector of mechanical float switch or optical pickocff (55) makes expanding chamber (52) keep specific fluid level, produces with the particulate that keeps regulation.When liquid level (54) descended, valve (51) was opened, and was kept for the desired depth of optimized nebulization thus.

Fan or hair-dryer (56) are injected into air in the chamber (52), and the water smoke that produces with atomizer (53) mixes, and according to by creating the speed that the required height of particle cloud (58) is determined, come injection air/mist mixture by central nozzle (58).In addition, nozzle (57) can comprise tapered geometry, is in the edge (lip) of nozzle (57) with the liquid that prevents to produce.Injection nozzle (57) can have multiple difformity, and for example curved surface or cylindrical surface are to create the possibility of multiple extrusion particle cloud.Particle cloud (58) comprises sheet, half sheet or turbulent flow, is used for the use of the particle cloud screen of imaging.

The fan (59 and 60) that comprises baffle plate or ventilating opening is introduced heat exchanger with the air of surrounding environment, or air is discharged from heat exchanger by ventilating opening (61 and 88), to produce the sheet protection air microenvironment (62,63) of surrounding cloud screen (58).For laminar particle cloud screen (58), this microenvironment has improved boundary layer performance by reducing the sheet quality of boundary layer friction and raising imaging screen (58).

In the prior art, be necessary to notice that " Reynolds number " is to be used for determining the picture quality and the maximum sized factor in the past, at that time since the present invention integrated the multi-source projection, reduced dependence to the sheet quality." Reynolds number " (R) determines whether air-flow is sheet.The viscosity of air-flow (u), speed (V), density (ρ) and thickness (D) have been determined the transition point between sheet and the turbulent flow, and this is a limiting factor of the prior art.In addition, EMC constantly revises microenvironment and particle cloud ejection velocity, with the variation of compensation particle cloud density, so that make the visual minimum of cloud.The variation of particle cloud density has directly influenced the viscosity of cloud, therefore must change jet velocity, so that the laminar flow maximization.

$R=\frac{\mathrm{\ρVD}}{\mathrm{\μ}}$ (prior art)

The particle cloud that sprays is used for the particle cloud surface of imaging or the straight line path track (64) of volume moves ahead along generation, and finally is scattered and is not used in the imaging purpose in (85).(58) the particulate Returning equipment of locating (84) is to create continuous circuit system.Load the particle cloud water vapour Returning equipment (84) of air, can not influence the indoor humidity level that equipment is being operated.By the density that the management control EMC of the environment diagnosis on the plate (66) comes the persistent surveillance cloud, so that it is not visible, the surrounding environment parameter that described EMC monitors includes but not limited to humidity, temperature and surrounding brightness, collects these factors by a plurality of sensors (65).For example, sensor (65) can comprise light emitting diode or luminescence sensor, thermometer, and barometer and other weather sensor are to collect data.By diagnosis management control (66) decipher sensor information, it passes through with respect to ambient humidity and surrounding environment brightness, locate to optimize intensity that particle cloud makes and adjust the density of screen (58) in (53), with the not visible property of control cloud screen (58) from the projection brightness of source (69).Can use the photophore and the photoelectric detector that is arranged on opposite side of a side that is arranged on particle cloud,, make the visual minimum of cloud thus by monitoring the visuality of calculating cloud from the light quantity of photophore arrival detector.

For example being stored in, the internal image or the image on the data storage device of CD, programmable storage, CD, DVD, computer (67) or outer computer have produced the initial data that goes up formation at image forming appts (70), described outer computer comprises auxiliary external video source, for example TV, DVD or video-game (68).Image forming appts (70) can comprise LCD display, acousto-optic scanner, rotary mirror assembly, laser scanner or DLP micro-reflector, to produce image and by the optical focus assembly image to be carried out orientation.

Be in the light source (69) in the electromagnetic spectrum, for example based on halogen bulb, xenon arc lamp, UV or IR lamp or LED are directed to cloud screen (58) with the emitted energy bundle, and described light beam comprises monochrome or polychrome, relevant or irrelevant, visual or not visible illumination.The light that points to image forming appts (70) from light source (69) produces the light (76) that points to as the external position of " phantom " transmission source location (77) by Focused Optical system (71).Phantom source (77) can be used one or more optical modules, comprises speculum or prism (83), so that projection (79,80) is redirected or direct into particle cloud (58).

Locate in distortion correction optical system (77 or 78), can use for example collimating optical system of parabolic reflector, lens, prism or other optical module, compensate one or more from the projection of axle trapezoidal distortion.In addition, can use the electronics keystone correction to control generator (71).Distortion correction optical system (78) can also comprise beam splitting arrangement, is used for the light source orientation by image generator is arrived not homology, for example is positioned at source (77) on every side, cloud (58) border, and calibration beam, up to arrival source (77).That beam splitting can be used is tabular, tubulose beam splitter or have electronic shutter or the rotary scanning reflection mirror of optical chopper, and the original source projection is divided into a plurality of projections.Guide projected bundle (76) into single or multiple phantom source, or light (79,80) is redirected to cloud (58) position on every side on the described cloud (58) that is used for imaging.Particle cloud (58) imaging light (81,82) in addition continues to reduce, because defocusing has appearred in the restriction of the degree of depth of the field range of optical system (71,78,83).

Detection system comprises light source (72), the directed light (131 that produces, the primary beam (130) on list 132) (131) or double fringe plane is wherein caught disturbance by the optical pickocff (86) in the awl of seeing on the sensor image border (133,134) that is included in cloud screen (58).Similarly, can use the source of two separation to produce the plane of two separation, or equipment can use an optical plane to operate specially.When the planar light source (131,132) that is parallel to image was passed in the external object disturbance, disturbance was reflected in this illumination, and catches disturbance by optical pickocff (86).Through signal (135) detected information is sent to the computer (67) of operation current software or operating system (OS), with according to input information updating image generator (70).This equipment also comprises audio user feedback, is used to discern the selection that utilizes non-solid-state image or mutual, and necessary user's tactile feedback is provided thus.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, detection system has used optics, computer vision means to catch physical perturbation in the detected periphery of image, but can use other detection method.For example, comprise detection method based on acoustics, ultrasonic detector for example, based on the method for brightness, for example the IR detector is located for example physical target such as hand or finger, is used for real-time tracking and handles.At the external physical disturbance of finger for example, hand, pen or other physical target of scalpel for example, monitor the wherein zone of composograph.Detectable space is directly corresponding with the overlapping region of image, makes the image that is coupled with detection system can serve as the I/O interface of handling by the use of computer.In order to reduce the external detection interference in the preferred embodiment, detection system depends on the fluorescence detector (86) of the narrower wave band operation in invisible spectrum, make irradiation not with the user import relevant do not wish target context catch surrounding environment bias light minimum.In addition, the operation detection system wavelength can not disturbed imaging, and guarantees can not noticed by the user.Preferred embodiment has used the narrow bandwidth light source (72) beyond the visible spectrum, the illumination of for example infrared (IR) or near-infrared (NIR), and synthesize light beam by the calibration illumination subsequently.To send to one or more row that for example use by the light beam that light source (72) produces and produce the capable generation device of cylindrical lens or rotary reflection lens device, to produce light (73,74) list or double irradiation plane are parallel on the space or are positioned on the image on the cloud and coexist.Below with this interaction process of clearer description.

Fig. 9 a has described microenvironment and has produced processing, so that high homogeneity is passed to the laminar airflow of protecting cloud, has improved the picture quality on the existing protection air curtain thus ideally.The one or more chambers that size and dimension changes or the multistage ventilation of baffle plate, ventilating opening or mesh or baffle plate setting have reduced the macroscopic view variation of temperature and speed between microenvironment and the cloud, make friction and cloud break minimum thus, improved picture quality on coideal ground, prior art basis.The air of surrounding environment or the waste gas (198) that comes automatic heat-exchanger is by the device of mobile air, for example have that the cabinet (200) of sidewall surrounds axially, tangential fan or hair-dryer (199).Air is mixed in the first order compensating chamber (201), with air velocity and the direction in the air chamber (202) in the balance cabinet (200).Subsequently, linear parallel baffle or ventilating opening (203) that air is determined by Reynolds equation by length and element diameter size are to produce the sheet air-flow that wherein sprays nose end (233) and injection end and sheet airflow microenvironment (235) conllinear.Simultaneously, particle cloud sheet emission (thin walled nozzle (204)) jet particle cloud material in the sheet airflow microenvironment (235) of outside (205).Owing between cloud and microenvironment, always there is the fine difference of temperature and speed, be ejected into air (205) before, two strands of compensating chambers (206) that air communication is final excessively are with further stable.Can realize further equilibrium by the biasing baffle plate, therefore air-flow is shared in the unit that closes on, and makes the air velocity gradient minimum.The thickness and the degree of depth of outer jet baffle plate or ventilating opening (207) are more shallow, so that prevent to produce condensate, allow to use widely.

Fig. 9 b shows by making the visual minimum of cloud and reducing to be kept by the vibration that the particle cloud turbulent flow causes the main processing of the high fidelity of the image that hangs in the free space.Environmental detector (209) monitors surrounding air (208).Sensor comprises and singly is not limited to for example ambient temperature detector (210) of solid state heat sensitive resistor, to measure temperature.Similarly, the surrounding brightness sensor (212) of relative humidity sensor (211) and for example photoelectric detector is collected additional data (211), for example resistive voltage or the current value of binary.Data (211) are sent to the controller (214) that comprises the electronic hardware circuit, to gather the separation sensor numerical information, with the amount corresponding synthetic total value of establishment, as the signal (228) of revising in the future the parameter of particle cloud with absolute or relative variation.

Signal (228) reduces particle cloud and makes density (216) by controlling the particulate loading that voltage or power supply produced that is applied to ultrasonic atomizer by adjusting.Similarly, signal (228) can change the outlet opening of the particulate that overflows expanding chamber, has controlled the particulate loading (217) that is ejected into cloud (221) thus.Because the amount of the particulate that is sprayed is directly with proportional according to the defined viscosity of Reynolds equation, the density (being ejected into airborne quantity of material) of revising particulate needs proportionally to change according to particle cloud ejection velocity (218) and microenvironment jet velocity (219) simultaneously.Signal (228) is controlled this jet velocity by changing fan speed, for example uses pulse width modulation to change the rate of departure and the microenvironment (220) of particle cloud (221).

Strengthened these detectors as separate unit operation, cloud observability detector (224) comprises the light source (222) of optical transmitting set for example or laser instrument, and the corresponding photoelectric detector (223) of cadmium sulfide luminescence unit for example.Each detector that all is positioned at the end opposite of particle cloud (223) and light source (222) are set,, receive by the detector of opposite side so that from light by collection known quantity the light source (222) of particle cloud (221).From particle cloud (221) reflection and not corresponding with the density of particle cloud and viscosity thus by the signal strength signal intensity of losing the light of detector (223) reception.This signal (225) can be sent to controller (214), change the density and the speed of the observability of cloud (221) with adjusting.Similarly, other method comprises by airborne particles counter (226) obtains particulate air sample data in the particle cloud (221), to determine density or the corresponding counting micro particles of viscosity with particle cloud (221).Particulate data (227) are sent to controller (214), and according to the mode identical with preceding method, particle cloud manufacturing (216) and rate of departure (215) are adjusted in order (228).

Figure 10 shows the top view of multi-source embodiment of the present invention, and wherein principal view (90) and optical system (91,92,104,195,106,107) are the parts of master unit (93).Image projection is derived from image generator (90), and described generator comprises that high frame speed projecting apparatus, LCD (LCD), digital light processing (DLP) unit and other light that will be directed to collimating optical system (91) are directed to the preceding method of beam splitting mechanism (92).In solid-state embodiment, these optical modules comprise a series of prisms and/or optical splitter, and step by step original beam is divided into a plurality of light beams, this is known in the art.Under the situation of the number that does not limit the branch luminous power, directed original beam makes it point to single or multiaspect cyclonome (104), light beam is for example redirected to the multiple source of (101,102,103).Be necessary to use the optical chopper (interrupter) of optical chopper for example or electronic shutter to create the continuous images section, according to the similar mode of open reel tape (reel-to-reel) motion-picture projection instrument of traditional transportable frame.In addition, anamorphic optics accessory (106,107) is proofreaied and correct from axial projection, as the part of main image-generating unit (93) or be positioned at independently light source (101,102,103) and locate.Anamorphic optics among all embodiment and keystone correction have guaranteed projected light beam (229,230,231) sensing and irradiation are used in the particle cloud (232) in the same projection situation, and the same position on particle cloud (232) focuses on each identical image from the projection in each source and focusing.

Figure 11 shows the top view of another kind of multi-source embodiment, and wherein projection and optical system (158) are separated with master unit (94).Image source (95) redirects device (96) with beam direction to light beam.Light beam redirects device (96) and comprises guiding or the reflection method from the input projection of elementary area (95), and can comprise cube beam, tabular optical splitter, speculum, prism wedge or scanning reflection mirror.Projection is sent to phantom source (97,98,99), wherein image is synthesized on the cloud (100).Figure 12 has described the 3rd embodiment, and wherein each projection source (136,137,138,139,140,141) is the separative element that projects on the cloud (142).In another variant, can use fiber optic system that image projection is transferred to each source.

Clearer for the explanation that makes Figure 13 to 15, show detection system independently.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, Figure 13 shows independent detection system shown in Figure 9 and catches user input apparatus, utilizes and uses lens or for example CCD of bandwidth filter (160) or fluorescence detector, sensor or the video camera of CMOS detector (159).Acquisition equipment (159) is the interior indirect illumination of the middle image boundary of qualification image range (162,164) of trapped particle cloud (163) separately.

Light source (167) will leave optical splitter (176) to the beam reflection to two of speculum (165) and speculum (108) IR optical plane (109 and 177) independently, and described light source has for example to be similar to be exported light beam by the spectrum of the frequency response of the detector of the IR laser instrument of row generator and calibrator (166) projected light beam.Can locate to use capable generating technique well known in the art in (108,165), the patent #5 of Ohmori for example, 012,485, create the optical plane that for example uses rotary mirror or cylindrical lens.Finger (111) intersects with the light beam (109) that light is turned back to detector (159), is used for catching in real time.Similarly, two of being caught by detector (159) of finger (112) reflection of intersecting with light beam (109 and 177) independently highlight part.In another embodiment, each can detect optical plane and operates at different wavelength places.Similarly, the present invention can utilize single detected optical plane to operate and use stop software commonly known in the art (dwell software), or with computer OS in identical, pass the plane by fast continuously " double-click " and create selection twice.

Figure 14 shows the axonometric view of Figure 13.For example the light source of laser diode (171) is directed to calibrator (170) with light, cuts apart light beam by the device of for example beam splitter (178).Similarly, light source comprises projection source illumination (172) or is parallel to the IRLED of calibration of particle cloud.The light beam of cutting apart of the plane generation device of orientation such as rotary mirror (179,180) has been created two detection beam planes (168,169).Finger (119) with the position x in the three dimensions, y, z are that the parallel detection beam plane (79 and 80) at center intersects.Detector (173) is caught the intersection that highlights as two axial coordinates, or is provided for three axles of tracing positional information by the detector of two separation or sensor are combined.This information is sent to controller (174), and utilize operating system or software to carry out decipher by processor or computer CPU (175).Point identification software well known in the art, that link to each other with the mouse emulation drive software is translated as addressable coordinate in desktop environment or application program with the pixel of catching, so that the user can utilize finger or sharp shaped material freely to navigate.Can use the data of for example coming decipher to catch, thereby function software drives interface in mouse style environment by NaturalPoint, Xvision, those designed softwares of Smoothware Design.Similarly, can use gesture recognition or speech recognition to strengthen input interface.

Figure 15 be when finger (113) when first detects light beam (118) and locates to intersect with it, the user who is caught by detection system imports the example of light reflection.Illumination is reflected from finger (113), and catches the corresponding pixel of the optical pickocff (143) that emulation (115) is represented by optical pickocff (143).It is corresponding that the center of semilune pixel (115) and the user that point (116) is located import, and it has represented x and y coordinate.In a comparable manner, when pointing (117) and detecting light beam (118 and 120) when all intersecting, catch the two semilunes that highlight by detector.Mobile subscriber's finger on imaging surface strokes imaging surface thus, makes the user utilize finger to navigate as virtual touch screen interface.When the user need select, be equal to the double-click on the common OS, disturbance or finger must further be forwarded in the image, and as choosing, button is similar with promoting.

Industrial applicability

The invention provides equipment and method, produce with the condensate that is used in surrounding air Give birth to the one or more images be projected on the non-solid particles cloud, in addition, provide by directly with Image intersects to revise the ability of image. The present invention can be used for amusement and industrial application, example Such as building, product designer and model designer, to produce image, when wishing, by directly Connect with image and carry out coming image is made amendment alternately.

Claims (64)

1. one kind is used to create the system that free space shows, comprising: heat pump; Device by heat pump guiding ambient air; In heat pump, create the device of heat difference; Utilize the heat difference from surrounding air, to extract the device of condensate; The device that condensate is led to expanding chamber; The atomizing condensate is to create the device of particle cloud material in expanding chamber; Injection nozzle apparatus is used for particle cloud material is ejected into air to create particle cloud screen; Spray the device of the parallel sheet air-flow that surrounds particle cloud; Produce the device of one or more images; And projection arrangement, with one or more image projection on particle cloud screen.

2. system according to claim 1 is characterized in that also comprising: be positioned near the checkout gear of particle cloud screen, be used for catching the image of institute's projection or near disturbance; Read the device of the position of each disturbance; Send the device of disturbance location information to controller; And the response storm positional information is revised the device of image generator device.

3. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that heat pump comprises the anti-circulation cooling and dehumidifying system based on compressor.

4. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that heat pump comprises the system based on thermoelectric Peltier knot.

5. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that heat pump comprises the device of fuel cell or use refrigerating gas or liquid.

6. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that also comprising storage pool, is used for the collection of condensate.

7. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that also comprising the condensate atomizing is the device of minuteness particle cloud that wherein single particulate has 1 to 10 micron average diameter.

8. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that also comprising the condensate atomizing is the device of minuteness particle cloud that wherein single particulate has the average diameter greater than 10 microns.

9. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that atomising device comprises electric mechanical or Vltrasonic device.

10. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that also comprising fluorescence tacking agent or dyestuff in the particle cloud.

11. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that also comprising particulate is ejected into airborne conllinear injection nozzle, to create conllinear jet particle cloud.

12. system according to claim 11 is characterized in that comprising the degree of depth and the corresponding injection nozzle of width of geometry and particle cloud screen, wherein the third dimension is the particle cloud jet length that is extruded.

13. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the particle that ejects produces sheet, half sheet or turbulent flow particle cloud.

14. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that particle cloud comprises invisible, approximate invisible or visible particle cloud.

15. system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that particle cloud comprise be used to reflect, refraction and transmission are from projection source and point to the light of described particle cloud or the medium of image.

16. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that particle cloud comprises reflection of transillumination coefficient ratio and the higher medium of refraction illumination factor.

17. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the device of creating laminar airflow comprises parallel linear baffle plate, ventilating opening, mesh or its combination, wherein fan or hair-dryer are positioned at the relative port of export of sheet air-flow.

18. system according to claim 17, it is characterized in that the device of creating laminar airflow comprises a series of parallel linear baffle plates that pile up, ventilating opening, mesh or its combination, wherein fan or hair-dryer are positioned at a port of export of sheet air-flow, and the sheet air-flow is positioned at another port of export.

19. system according to claim 18 is characterized in that also comprising the single or multiple air chambers between baffle plate, ventilating opening or the mesh, to create the speed compensating chamber.

20. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that also comprising the device of the observability that monitors particle cloud screen.

21. system according to claim 20 is characterized in that also comprising sensing light-emitting device and optical detection device each other, is particle cloud between described light-emitting device and the optical detection device, to measure the light transmission and the reflectivity of particle cloud screen.

22. system according to claim 21 is characterized in that light-emitting device comprises light emitting diode or laser instrument, optical detection device comprises photoelectric detector.

23. system according to claim 20 is characterized in that also comprising the surrounding environment batch particle-counting system, is used to monitor the counting micro particles of particle cloud screen.

24. system according to claim 20 is characterized in that also comprising the device that monitors ambient humidity, ambient temperature and surrounding environment brightness.

25. system according to claim 20 is characterized in that responding the data that monitored, the environmental management control device is regulated jet velocity, the particle cloud of particle cloud material and is made intensity or its combination, so that the not visible property maximum of particle cloud.

26. system according to claim 25 is characterized in that the environmental management control device regulates jet velocity by using the fan speed control device.

27. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that image forming appts establishment static state or video image.

28. system according to claim 27, it is characterized in that also comprising use the polarization that combines with image forming appts, at random, the light of relevant and visible or sightless wavelength, the establishment image projector.

29. system according to claim 27 is characterized in that described image forming appts comprises LCD, digital light disposable plates, Organic Light Emitting Diode, light modulation or laser scanner.

30. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the single projector device that comprises that sensing is used for the particle cloud screen of imaging and aims at it.

31. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that comprising a plurality of projecting apparatus that point to the particle cloud screen that is used for imaging.

32., it is characterized in that described one or more projecting apparatus comprises optics or the electronics trapezoidal distortion imaging distortion correction at one or more according to claim 30 or 31 described systems.

33. according to claim 30 or 31 described systems, it is characterized in that comprising the device that projected light beam and phantom source are calibrated mutually, described Optical devices comprise light beam guiding or the reflection unit around the particle cloud, again projected light beam are directed on the described particle cloud.

34. according to claim 30 or 31 described systems, it is characterized in that described one or more projecting apparatus comprises at one or more optics or electronics trapezoidal distortion focusing distance school ends.

35. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that comprising: single projection arrangement; And projected bundle is directed to the device of single or multiple phantom source, the described device that is used for orientation projection's bundle comprises light beam guiding or the reflection unit around the particle cloud, again projected light beam is directed on the described particle cloud.

36. system according to claim 35 is characterized in that many projected light beams are cut apart, light beam guiding, light beam-light beam copped wave or it is in conjunction with projected image is divided into a plurality of projected light beams.

37. system according to claim 36, it is characterized in that also comprising beam splitter, round dot dispenser (polka dot splitter), bandpass filter, prism wedge, prism, static reflex mirror, rotary mirror, digital light processing, electronics or physics shutter, optical chopper or its combination, so that projected light beam is divided into a plurality of light beams that sensing particle cloud a plurality of phantom on every side redirect the source.

38., it is characterized in that comprising identical image or discrete images are projected to particle cloud so that the device of or discrete images synthetic similar at particle cloud from discrete or identical sources according to claim 30 or 31 described systems.

39. system according to claim 2 is characterized in that also comprising pointing to being used for the visual or not visible light source that the user imports the particle cloud zone of tracking.

40., it is characterized in that light source comprises Halogen lamp LED, incandescent lamp, light emitting diode or laser instrument according to the described system of claim 39.

41., it is characterized in that light source produces the light of infrared or near infrared spectrum according to the described system of claim 40.

42. system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that detecting that the device of physical perturbation comprises machine vision and optical acquisition device in the particle cloud, described optical acquisition device comprises fluorescence detector and sensor, video camera, complementary metal oxide silicon sensor or charge-coupled image sensor.

43., it is characterized in that also comprising bandpass filter according to the described system of claim 42.

44., it is characterized in that comprising single illumination detection faces according to the described system of claim 39.

45., it is characterized in that also comprising a plurality of illumination detection faces according to the described system of claim 39.

46. according to claim 44 or 45 described systems, it is characterized in that also comprising cylindrical lens, collimation lens, rotary facet mirror or its combination, with synthetic single or multiple detection faces.

47. system according to claim 2 is characterized in that comprising a plurality of detectors, is used for the user's input disturbance in two dimension or three dimensions tracking particle cloud.

48., it is characterized in that also comprising the device that detected lighting position data and controller, processor or computer are communicated according to the described system of claim 42.

49. according to the described system of claim 52, it is characterized in that also comprising motion tracking software,, thereby in software application environment or graphical user's environment, navigate with the detected lighting position data of decipher.

50., it is characterized in that following the tracks of software and comprise an identification, semilune identification or gesture recognition software according to the described system of claim 49.

51., it is characterized in that also comprising noise filtering software according to the described system of claim 49.

52., it is characterized in that also comprising the navigation of using mouse emulation software according to the described system of claim 49.

53. according to the described system of claim 49, it is characterized in that comprising the illumination detection position data of response by the detector registration, revise the device of projection generation device, described device links to each other with the tracking software of operation mouse emulation software or navigation software, to instruct the operating system or the software application of control projection software.

54. system according to claim 2 is characterized in that comprising and moves the computer of following the tracks of software projecting apparatus content, is used to control image projector.

55. system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that also comprising: be positioned at the aspirator of the end of particle cloud track, be used to collect condensate; And condensate is transferred to expanding chamber is used for the device that particle cloud is made.

56., it is characterized in that also comprising heat pump with aspirator according to the described system of claim 55.

57. one kind is used to create the method that free space shows, comprises: ambient air is dehumidified; Catch moisture; The atomizing moisture is 1 to 10 micron particle cloud material with the establishment diameter; Jet particle cloud material is to create particle cloud; Utilize the parallel laminar airflow microenvironment of or similar speed and track equal to surround particle cloud with particle cloud; Produce one or more images; And with one or more image projection to particle cloud.

58. one kind is used to create the method that the Interactive Free space shows, comprises: ambient air is dehumidified; Catch moisture; The atomizing moisture is 1 to 10 micron particle cloud material with the establishment diameter; Jet particle cloud material is to create particle cloud; Utilize the parallel laminar airflow microenvironment of or similar speed and track equal to surround particle cloud with particle cloud; Produce one or more images; With one or more image projection to particle cloud; In showing by the irradiation free space or near disturbance detect described disturbance; But detect described irradiation disturbance to create tracking data; But and the utilization tracking data projection of update image calculably.

59. according to claim 57 or 58 described methods, it is characterized in that also comprising that the one or more images with institute's projection are divided into a plurality of projected light beams, redirect a plurality of projected light beams, and described projected light beam is focused on the particle cloud, to create the free space image.

60. one kind is used to create the method that the Interactive Free space shows, comprise: ambient air is dehumidified, catches moisture and it is sprayed with the method for humidifying air again, be included in to create and comprise that single diameter is in the method for 1 to 10 micron the face of particulate or body particle cloud; The method that utilization microenvironment equal or similar speed is surrounded particle cloud; Projection arrangement, utilize light source to shine described cloud, make and shine image forming appts, image is divided into the device of a plurality of projected bundles, redirect on the device of projected bundle, by said apparatus reflection or pass through said apparatus, and described projected image focused on the particle cloud from projection arrangement, described particle cloud serves as reflection, refraction and transmitted light are to produce the device of free space image, comprise and detect in the free space image or near the device of the disturbance of physical target by video capture device, but described video capture device comprises the device that shines described disturbance and detects described disturbance so that create the device of tracking data, but and the use tracking data as input to upgrade the device of projection arrangement calculably.

61., it is characterized in that comprising producing 10 degrees centigrade or higher temperature difference between heat pump and the ambient air, from ambient air, to extract condensate according to claim 57 or 58 described methods.

62. according to claim 57 or 58 described methods, it is characterized in that also comprising the sheet airflow microenvironment of spraying, to improve the boundary layer performance between particle cloud screen and the ambient air around one or more parallel sides of described particle cloud screen.

63., it is characterized in that the speed and the track of the speed of described sheet airflow microenvironment and track and particle cloud is same or similar according to the described method of claim 62.

64. according to claim 59 or 60 described methods, it is spatially also parallel with the particle cloud screen coexistence to it is characterized in that detecting irradiation.

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