CN1730822A - Composite ventilating and cold energy gathering roadbed - Google Patents
Composite ventilating and cold energy gathering roadbed Download PDFInfo
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- CN1730822A CN1730822A CN 200510043153 CN200510043153A CN1730822A CN 1730822 A CN1730822 A CN 1730822A CN 200510043153 CN200510043153 CN 200510043153 CN 200510043153 A CN200510043153 A CN 200510043153A CN 1730822 A CN1730822 A CN 1730822A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of composite ventilating and cold energy gathering roadbed, its architectural feature is to be equipped with the sand-gravel cushion that fills densification on the natural surface of compacting, the level smashed stone layer of perforation is dosed on sand-gravel cushion top, lay the concrete slab of the gravity vent that has vertical perforation on the top of level smashed stone layer, gravity vent is perpendicular to road-trend; The embankment filled soil of densification compacting is arranged at concrete slab top.The present invention combines piece (broken) stone layer with the gravity vent concrete slab, function and piece (broken) stone layer cooling effect of natural convection that gravity vent can carry out the Rapid Thermal exchange with outside air have been made full use of, can to greatest extent heat be shed in the winter time, summer, but trap heat was transmitted in roadbed again, realization is to the cooling effect of roadbed bottom frozen soil, make it be in lower state of temperature, promote frozen soil upper limit, solve because frost heave that seasonal active layer produces in frozen-thaw process and thaw collapse are given the destruction that roadbed brought, guarantee frozen earth roadbed stablizing for many years.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of structure of road, especially a kind of composite ventilating and cold energy gathering roadbed.It can reduce roadbed bottom frozen soils temperature effectively, and the lifting frozen soil upper limit improves frozen earth roadbed stability.
Background technology
The Qinghai-Tibet Platean permafrost region, because unfreezing has repeatedly produced many special natural geological phenomenons in the ever-frozen ground district, as frost heave, thaw collapse, lifting by frost, freeze thawing sorting etc., they produce influence greatly to engineering.Statistical research shows, the main engineering disease in ever-frozen ground district is from thaw collapse and frost heave.At present, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway of building (Golmud to Lhasa section) is the plateau railway that height above sea level is the highest in the world, mileage is the longest, passes through the ever-frozen ground district and is about 632 kilometers, and wherein the high temperature permafrost region is 76%, and the hight-ice-content permafrost district is 59%.Because the existence of a large amount of thick-layer ground ices has determined its special and complex engineering characteristic in the frozen soil.Cause under the double influence of permafrost degradation in global warming and mankind's activity, frozen soil melts or the back bearing capacity that heats up will reduce widely, have a strong impact on the stability of road foundation, this just brings great challenge for high temperature, building with maintenance of road of hight-ice-content permafrost area.Therefore, resolve the frozen soil problem and become the key of guaranteeing that roadbed is stable for many years, guarantee the road safety operation.
In order to resolve the frozen soil problem, U.S. scientist Douglas J.Goering (Goering D J.Passively Cooled Railway Embankments for Use in Permafrost Areas[J] .Journalof Cold Regions Engineering, 2003,17 (3): 119-133) proposed a kind of road structure form of amassing with piece (broken) clitter fully.This measure has utilized the cooling effect of natural convection of porous media that its underpart soil body is lowered the temperature, but because loose piece (broken) stone body globality is very poor, mechanical stability is difficult to guarantee, easy deformation under external force effects such as locomotive, even cave in.China has taked a kind of road structure form of dosing the certain thickness soil layer at piece (broken) stone layer top in Qinghai-Tibet Railway construction, this form of structure can be guaranteed the monolithic stability of roadbed, but because the influence of embankment upper soil horizon has not only reduced the contact area of piece (broken) stone layer and air, and caused piece (broken) the stone layer top end temperature difference to diminish, thereby cause the interior natural convection effect of piece (broken) stone layer to die down, even disappear, can not effectively extraneous cold energy be passed in the frozen soil of embankment bottom.Therefore, want to utilize separately existing these technology to realize protection, guarantee that subgrade stability is suitable difficulty bottom frozen soil at the high temperature permafrost region.
Summary of the invention
Under the overall background of global warming, for being implemented in of the protection of Qinghai-Tibet ever-frozen ground (especially high temperature ever-frozen ground) district, guarantee the stable of roadbed to ever-frozen ground under the embankment, the invention provides a kind of composite ventilating and cold energy gathering roadbed.It is according to the Qinghai-Tibet Platean climate characteristic that the four seasons temperature difference is big, temperature is lower than surface temperature usually, utilize the cooling effect of natural convection of porous media, reduce the upper surface temperature of piece (broken) stone layer by the gravity vent in the concrete slab, increase piece (broken) the stone layer top and the bottom temperature difference, strengthen cooling effect of natural convection, realization is to the reduction of bottom frozen soils temperature, and the lifting ever-frozen ground upper limit improves frozen earth roadbed stability for many years.
Purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of composite ventilating and cold energy gathering roadbed, be on the natural surface of compacting, to be equipped with the sand-gravel cushion that fills densification, the level smashed stone layer of perforation is dosed on sand-gravel cushion top, lay the concrete slab of the gravity vent that has vertical perforation on the top of level smashed stone layer, gravity vent is perpendicular to road-trend; The embankment filled soil of densification compacting is arranged at concrete slab top.
Level smashed stone layer thickness is 1.0～3.0m, and piece (broken) stone particle diameter is 10～30cm, sand-gravel cushion thickness≤0.5m.
Concrete slab is formed by concrete and reinforcing bar mold.The gravity vent shape can be circle or semicircle or square or triangle.
This composite ventilating and cold energy gathering roadbed operating principle is the cooling effect of natural convection of porous media.Its course of work can be described as: when winter, outside air temperature was low, realize that by the gravity vent of concrete slab embankment inside and extraneous low-temperature airflow carry out interchange of heat, thereby reduce piece (broken) stone layer upper surface temperature, increase piece (broken) the stone layer top and the lower surface temperature difference, upper temp occurs in piece (broken) the stone layer and be lower than the bottom, atmospheric density is up big and down small, under the effect of gravity and buoyancy lift, inside has natural convection air to take place, flowing of air brought outside cold in the roadbed into, the come-up of the light air in bottom flows and also can take heats a large amount of in the roadbed out of simultaneously, realizes the cooling effect to the natural soil layer of embankment filled soil and bottom; When summer, ambient temperature was higher, though the gravity vent of concrete slab can cause the rising of piece (broken) stone layer upper surface temperature equally, this moment, piece (broken) stone layer internal upper part temperature was higher than the bottom, and atmospheric density is up-small and down-big, air is in relative static conditions, and no convection current takes place.Because the coefficient of thermal conductivity of air is very little, thereby can intercept heat from piece (broken) stone layer napex.The present invention has utilized gravity vent to come the cooling effect of natural convection of boss (broken) stone layer, effectively reduces its underpart frozen soils temperature, improves frozen soil upper limit, prevents the generation of frozen earth roadbed frost heave and thaw collapse.
This thermal convection current mode in the porous media is astable non-isothermal seepage flow, and its seepage flow governing equation can be expressed as following continuity equation, the equation of momentum and energy equation:
Continuity equation:
The equation of momentum:
Energy equation:
In the formula: v
x, v
yBe respectively air velocity component in the x and y direction,
B is the Beta factor of non-darcy stream, and k is the permeability of porous media, and μ is the dynamic viscosity of air, ρ
aBe atmospheric density, p is an atmospheric pressure, and T is a temperature, and t is the time, c
aBe the specific heat at constant pressure of air, C
e *Be medium equivalent volume thermal capacitance, λ
e *Be equivalent coefficient of thermal conductivity.
Adopt above governing equation, pass through finite element analysis method, numbered analog simulation is carried out in this composite ventilating and cold energy gathering roadbed thermal field calculate, result of calculation shows: the present invention has the good cooling effect, can make its underpart ever-frozen ground be in lower state of temperature; Under equal conditions, the roadbed that the certain thickness soil layer is dosed at this composite ventilating and cold energy gathering roadbed and existing piece (broken) stone layer top is compared, can make 1.5～2.0 ℃ of the many reductions of its underpart ever-frozen ground temperature, and its mechanical stability is better than far away existing by the long-pending roadbed of piece (broken) clitter.
The laboratory test result of study has shown the originally composite ventilating and cold energy gathering roadbed good effect of cooling that has too.Test is in special large insulation model casing (size: carry out in 8.0 * 1.84 * 2.7m.), environment temperature is controlled according to SIN function T=1.0+12sin (2 π t/360+ pi/2) in the case, in the formula T be environment temperature (℃), t is time (h), wind speed is 2.5m/s.Test is divided into no concrete slab and two kinds of situations of gravity vent concrete slab is arranged.Fig. 3 has shown no concrete slab and piece (broken) stone layer bottom temp graph in the test model has been arranged under two kinds of situations of gravity vent concrete slab.Curve A represents that environment temperature control curve, B represent not have the concrete slab situation, C represents to have gravity vent concrete slab situation among Fig. 3.As can be seen from Figure 3: under the test conditions that is equal to, have piece (broken) the stone layer bottom temp of gravity vent concrete slab to be starkly lower than piece (broken) the stone layer bottom temp of no concrete slab.And, in the end a test period, there is piece (broken) the stone layer bottom maximum temperature of gravity vent concrete slab to be lower than 0 ℃, average temperature is-1.7 ℃, than low 2.7 ℃ of environment average temperature (1.0 ℃), than low 1.6 ℃ of no concrete slab situation (0.1 ℃).
Above numerical simulation and laboratory test results show that all the present invention has the good effect of cooling, and its underpart ever-frozen ground temperature is reduced, and make it be in the higher stable state, guarantee frozen earth roadbed stablizing for many years.
The beneficial effect of advantage of the present invention and generation is:
1, the present invention is because the existence of piece (broken) stone layer top portion ventilation hole concrete slab, made full use of the cooling effect of natural convection of porous media, can to greatest extent heat be shed in the winter time, summer, but trap heat was transmitted in roadbed again, realization is to the cooling effect of roadbed bottom frozen soil, make it be in lower state of temperature, promote frozen soil upper limit, solve because frost heave that seasonal active layer produces in frozen-thaw process and thaw collapse are given the destruction that roadbed brought;
2, the present invention need not any external impetus facility, and is pollution-free, preserves the ecological environment.And piece (broken) stone is drawn materials conveniently, and concrete slab can transport on-the-spot directly laying to after factory process is finished, can not produce big artificial disturbance to frozen soil, can satisfy the specific (special) requirements of high temperature, hight-ice-content permafrost area engineering stability;
3, the present invention is simple in structure, and main material is piece (broken) stone, concrete and reinforcing bar, and cost is low, is easy to construction and safeguards that cooling-down effect and engineering stability are good, have application prospect preferably.Especially in the ever-frozen ground district of high temperature, high ice content, its same stable and safety that can guarantee road with viaduct, but its cost only is 40～50% of a viaduct.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is composite ventilating and cold energy gathering roadbed horizontal section schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is composite ventilating and cold energy gathering roadbed longitudinal profile schematic diagram
Fig. 3 for no concrete slab with piece (broken) stone layer bottom temp graph in the test model is arranged under two kinds of situations of gravity vent concrete slab
The specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, will be described further again the present invention.
With reference to accompanying drawing 1～2, a kind ofly utilize the composite ventilating and cold energy gathering roadbed of natural cold energy, at first with natural surface 6 compactings, filling-up thickness 0.3m sand-gravel cushion 4 then, densification; The level smashed stone layer 3 of perforation is dosed on sand-gravel cushion 4 tops, thickness is 1.5m, piece (broken) stone particle diameter is 10～30cm, the top is with the less rubble levelling of particle diameter, lay the concrete slab 1 of the gravity vent 2 that band vertically connects then on level smashed stone layer 3 tops, seam grouting between plate increases the globality of concrete slab 1 and prevents the top leakage of banketing down, dose embankment filled soil 5 again on concrete slab 1 top, and the densification compacting.
When winter, outside air temperature was low, realize that by the gravity vent 2 of concrete slab 1 embankment inside and extraneous low-temperature airflow carry out the Rapid Thermal exchange, reduce piece (broken) stone layer 3 upper surface temperature, increase piece (broken) stone layer 3 top and the lower surface temperature difference (upper temp is lower than the bottom), strengthen its inner air natural convection intensity, strengthen the overall thermal conductivity of roadbed, thereby strengthened scattering and disappearing of embankment self and its underpart soil layer heat; When summer, ambient temperature was higher, piece (broken) stone layer 3 internal upper part temperature were higher than the bottom, and air is in relative static conditions, and no convection current takes place.In addition, because the coefficient of thermal conductivity of air is very little, thereby can intercept heat from piece (broken) stone layer top.Therefore, realized thisly composite ventilating and cold energy gathering roadbedly taking away heat, input cold, and in the work efficiency that the warm season trap heat is invaded, reached the accumulation cold, the purpose of protection frozen soil in dead season.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of composite ventilating and cold energy gathering roadbed, it is characterized in that being equipped with on the natural surface (6) in compacting the sand-gravel cushion (4) that fills densification, the level smashed stone layer (3) of perforation is dosed on sand-gravel cushion (4) top, lay the concrete slab (1) of the gravity vent (2) that has vertical perforation on the top of level smashed stone layer (3), gravity vent (2) is perpendicular to road-trend; The embankment filled soil (5) of densification compacting is arranged at concrete slab (1) top.
2, according to claim 1 a kind of composite ventilating and cold energy gathering roadbed, it is characterized in that level smashed stone layer (3) thickness is 1.0～3.0m, piece (broken) stone particle diameter is 10～30cm, sand-gravel cushion (4) thickness≤0.5m.
3, according to claim 1 a kind of composite ventilating and cold energy gathering roadbed, it is characterized in that gravity vent (2) shape can be circle or semicircle or square or triangle.
4, according to claim 1 a kind of composite ventilating and cold energy gathering roadbed, it is characterized in that concrete slab (1) is to be formed by concrete and reinforcing bar mold.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2005100431535A CN100357521C (en) | 2005-08-23 | 2005-08-23 | Composite ventilating and cold energy gathering roadbed |
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| CNB2005100431535A CN100357521C (en) | 2005-08-23 | 2005-08-23 | Composite ventilating and cold energy gathering roadbed |
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| CN1730822A true CN1730822A (en) | 2006-02-08 |
| CN100357521C CN100357521C (en) | 2007-12-26 |
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Cited By (15)
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| CN101914882A (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2010-12-15 | 东南大学 | Low embankment structure in phreatic high slity soil region and construction method thereof |
| CN102433814A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-05-02 | 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Permafrost region expressway flaky and blocky stone ventilation roadbed and construction method thereof |
| CN103306290A (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-09-18 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Quick re-freezing and backfilling construction method for foundation ground of tower foundation in frozen ground area |
| CN103643608A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-03-19 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | Roadbed equivalent resilient modulus value-taking method considering seasonal effect |
| CN103696338A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-04-02 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Permafrost region road hollow-layer heat-preserving protection-foot composite roadbed |
| CN105088911A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-11-25 | 北京航空航天大学 | Novel runway foundation structure preventing and treating disasters caused by 'pot cover effect' |
| CN105088913A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-11-25 | 东南大学 | Subgrade structure in permafrost region |
| CN106442035A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2017-02-22 | 中国能源建设集团甘肃省电力设计院有限公司 | Production apparatus and production method for concrete-frozen soil contact surface direct shear test sample |
| CN107201700A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2017-09-26 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Clip automatic control ventilation pipe foundation between one kind ventilation plumber block stone |
| CN107201707A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2017-09-26 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A kind of ventilation duct-ventilation block cooling and insulating it is composite road bed |
| CN107201708A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2017-09-26 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A kind of compound cold-storage roadbed suitable for permafrost region road engineering |
| CN107201702A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2017-09-26 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Convection current regulates and controls the ventilated formula frozen soil ventilation embankment of full wall |
| CN108004865A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-08 | 绍兴文理学院元培学院 | Based on the air brick and ventilating layer embankment for strengthening forced convection cooling-down effect |
| CN112376344A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-19 | 东南大学 | Double-layer continuous reinforced concrete hollow slab concrete pavement composite structure for permafrost region and construction method |
| CN115627668A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-01-20 | 重庆交通大学 | Drainage ventilation structure of deep soil-containing heavy ice layer block stone roadbed at alpine and high altitude |
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| JPS59154213A (en) * | 1983-02-22 | 1984-09-03 | Toa Harbor Works Co Ltd | Soil covering work |
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| CN1234942C (en) * | 2004-01-08 | 2006-01-04 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Composite temperature controlled ventilation roadbed |
| RU2256032C1 (en) * | 2004-03-15 | 2005-07-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский институт транспортного строительства" (ОАО ЦНИИС) | Road embankment built on permafrost ground |
| CN2835328Y (en) * | 2005-08-23 | 2006-11-08 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Frozen soil subgrade comprising ventilation concrete slab and block crushed stone |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101914882A (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2010-12-15 | 东南大学 | Low embankment structure in phreatic high slity soil region and construction method thereof |
| CN102433814A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-05-02 | 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Permafrost region expressway flaky and blocky stone ventilation roadbed and construction method thereof |
| CN103306290A (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-09-18 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Quick re-freezing and backfilling construction method for foundation ground of tower foundation in frozen ground area |
| CN103696338A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-04-02 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | Permafrost region road hollow-layer heat-preserving protection-foot composite roadbed |
| CN103643608A (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2014-03-19 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | Roadbed equivalent resilient modulus value-taking method considering seasonal effect |
| CN105088911B (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2017-06-30 | 北京航空航天大学 | One kind preventing and treating " pot cover effect " causes the new road based structures of disaster |
| CN105088911A (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2015-11-25 | 北京航空航天大学 | Novel runway foundation structure preventing and treating disasters caused by 'pot cover effect' |
| CN105088913A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-11-25 | 东南大学 | Subgrade structure in permafrost region |
| CN107201700A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2017-09-26 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Clip automatic control ventilation pipe foundation between one kind ventilation plumber block stone |
| CN107201707A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2017-09-26 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A kind of ventilation duct-ventilation block cooling and insulating it is composite road bed |
| CN107201708A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2017-09-26 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A kind of compound cold-storage roadbed suitable for permafrost region road engineering |
| CN107201702A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2017-09-26 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Convection current regulates and controls the ventilated formula frozen soil ventilation embankment of full wall |
| CN107201702B (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2023-04-14 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Convection regulated full wall ventilation ventilating type frozen soil ventilating embankment |
| CN106442035A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2017-02-22 | 中国能源建设集团甘肃省电力设计院有限公司 | Production apparatus and production method for concrete-frozen soil contact surface direct shear test sample |
| CN108004865A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-08 | 绍兴文理学院元培学院 | Based on the air brick and ventilating layer embankment for strengthening forced convection cooling-down effect |
| CN112376344A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-19 | 东南大学 | Double-layer continuous reinforced concrete hollow slab concrete pavement composite structure for permafrost region and construction method |
| CN115627668A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-01-20 | 重庆交通大学 | Drainage ventilation structure of deep soil-containing heavy ice layer block stone roadbed at alpine and high altitude |
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