CN1730763A - Spinning and conglutinating method polylactic acid nonwovens preparation method - Google Patents
Spinning and conglutinating method polylactic acid nonwovens preparation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to spinning and adhering process of preparing non-woven polylactic acid fabric. The present invention prepares non-woven polylactic acid fabric with polylactic acid L-isomer material with high purity, medium molecular weight and high melt index and through low temperature drying, high speed spinning, positive pressure drafting, spreading net, hot rolling to adhere and other technological steps. The present invention has short production process and high production efficiency, and the prepared non-woven polylactic acid fabric has high strength, less elongation, excellent mechanical performance and biodegradability, and may be used in disposable medical articles.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the textile material field, it relates to a kind of preparation method of spinning and conglutinating method polylactic acid nonwovens.
Background technology
Non-weaving cloth is widely used in medicine and hygiene fields at home and abroad with the unrivaled property of conventional woven textiles.At present, the raw material that uses of domestic medical and health use non-weaving cloth mainly is polypropylene, polyester and and polyamide etc.Because medical non-weaving cloth mostly is disposable product, a large amount of Biohazard Waste that these non-degradable polymer are made causes environmental pollution.According to statistics, reach 900,000 tons/year at the consumption figure of this Dispoable medical non-weaving cloth of China, it can be imagined ambient influnence is big.In addition, along with the minimizing day by day of petroleum resources, polypropylene, terylene etc. will face problems such as the source is exhausted, price rapidly goes up, discarded back degraded difficulty based on the raw material of oil product.PLA be a kind of be the product of raw material with renewable resource such as cornstarch etc., its raw material sources are abundant.In addition, PLA has excellent biological compatibility, and is biodegradable, under the condition that heap buries generally less than being degraded to carbon dioxide and water, environmentally safe in one month.Based on above reason, develop degradable polylactic acid non-weaving cloth disposable product and be significant.
The kind of non-weaving cloth is a lot, and the branch of slim and thick type is arranged again.Acupuncture, water thorn, loop bonding, chemical adhesion, most methods such as hot sticky all need be processed into fiber earlier makes non-weaving cloth again, and product is generally thicker; And processing such as extrusion is simpler, as meltblown, spun-bond process etc., and can prepare thin product.In order to reduce the disposable product consumption, this series products should adopt extrusion production.Though meltblown also can make the product of light weight, because its fiber is inhomogeneous, intensity is not so good as spun-bond process, so generally be used on the filtering material.Adopt that spunbond rule can obtain light weight, intensity is higher and fiber product uniformly.Therefore, the non-weaving cloth that is used for disposable medical insurance and health field uses spun-bond process more.
In recent years, particularly Japan has carried out many research and development to PLA processing and application etc. both at home and abroad, and has formed many patents.The patent overwhelming majority that wherein relates to polylactic acid non-weaving cloth concentrates on Japan, as JP2003293226, JP2001049533 prepares polylactic acid short-fiber earlier to obtain polylactic acid non-weaving cloth by hot sticky method then, and JP2005009063, JP2004011037, though but JP2004162218 uses spun-bond process is the feedstock production non-weaving cloth with PLA and copolyesters thereof, JP2005048339 then mainly is the transformation of spinning and conglutinating method polylactic acid nonwovens device, its characteristics are at spinning head underlying one heating clamber, the temperature and the time of staying of control heating clamber, produce polylactic acid non-weaving cloth with the ultrahigh speed of 6000～8000m/min.In the patent of the relevant polylactic acid non-weaving cloth of China seldom, have only CN1563543 and CN1357017 to relate to the content of this respect, wherein CN1563543 discloses and has a kind ofly prepared the manufacture method of ultra-fine acid fiber by polylactic non-weaving cloth with meltblown, makes the polylactic acid non-weaving cloth with better strainability; And CN1357017 discloses polylactic resin and by the manufacture method of its fibre that constitutes and fibre, though spun-bond process is adopted in the preparation of PLA nonwoven fabric wherein, it adopts the alloy of different content L-isomers PLA or PLA and PLA and polybutene succinic polymer to have the polylactic acid resin, textile products obtained therefrom, and processes for producing textile of core sheath structure as feedstock production.
It is raw material that the present invention adopts the L-isomers PLA of high-purity, medium relative molecular mass, high fusion index, by selecting the drying condition of low temperature for use, under stretching, the high speed malleation uses that spun-bond process prepares that intensity height, elongation are little, biodegradable again, the polylactic acid non-weaving cloth that can be used for medical non-weaving cloth of good mechanical performance.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the manufacture method that a kind of raw material sources enrich, have the polylactic acid non-weaving cloth of biodegradability.
The technological process of spun-bond process production polylactic acid non-weaving cloth of the present invention as shown in Figure 1.
For addressing this problem, adopt following technical scheme:
Adopt that 97 moles of % of high-purity L-isomer comprises are above, number-average molecular weight is 7,0000～15,0000, weight average molecular weight is 15,0000～28,0000, the PLA with high fluidity energy of MFI 〉=20 is a raw material, vacuum 20～70Pa and 50～80 ℃ of following desiccated balances of temperature 12～48 hours, make polylactic acid non-weaving cloth by melt spinning, malleation stretching, lapping and hot calendering bonding technology then.
Described melt spinning is to place screw extruder to carry out melt spinning above-mentioned 1 dry good polylactic acid slice to obtain the PLA as-spun fibre.The control spinning temperature is at 180～230 ℃, and spinnerets is 2000～7000 hole/rice.
It is above-mentioned PLA as-spun fibre to be carried out the malleation stretching check the PLA strand that described malleation stretches, and draw speed is 1000～5000m/min.Compressed-air actuated pressure is 0.05～0.5MPa.
Described lapping is to divide silk to become net arrangement to be furnished with that the reach shop is set to net on the lace curtaining of negative pressure system airflow diffuser or swing type or the rotary type of above-mentioned PLA strand by stretcher outlet, the speed of advancement of lace curtaining is 10～800m/min, hunting frequency 100～3000 times/minute and amplitude 10～50cm, can obtain 10～150g/m
2The fibre web of different grammes per square metres.
Described hot calendering bonding technology is above-mentioned PLA fibre web through pressure is that the hot roll pressurized heat of 40～100 kilograms (KG) and 130～170 ℃ is bonding, batches then and obtains PLA spun-bond process non-weaving cloth.
Advantage of the present invention is that the L-isomers PLA of employing high-purity, medium relative molecular mass, high fusion index is a raw material, uses spun-bond process to prepare polylactic acid non-weaving cloth by measures such as low temperature drying, high speed spinning, adjusting lace curtaining movement velocitys; Flow process of the present invention is short, the production efficiency height; The polylactic acid non-weaving cloth intensity height of the present invention's preparation, little, the good mechanical performance, biodegradable of elongation can be used for Dispoable medical non-weaving cloth field; The product of the present invention's preparation has characteristics such as raw material sources are abundant and renewable, biodegradation is easy to implement, helps environmental protection and sustainable development.The performance of the spinning and conglutinating method polylactic acid nonwovens that the present invention makes is listed in table 1.
The performance of table 1 spinning and conglutinating method polylactic acid nonwovens
| Fixed heavy (g/m 2) | TENSILE STRENGTH (N/5cm) | Elongation (%) | Tearing strength (N) | |
| Vertically | Laterally | |||
| 10 | ＞9 | ＞8 | ＞20％ | ＞1.8 |
| 20 | ＞22 | ＞16 | ＞4.5 | |
| 50 | ＞50 | ＞40 | ＞9.0 | |
| 150 | ＞140 | ＞126 | ＞28.0 | |
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the technological process that spun-bond process is produced polylactic acid non-weaving cloth.
The specific embodiment
Help to understand the present invention by following basic embodiment and embodiment, but do not limit content of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
PLA with 99 moles of % of L-isomer comprises, number-average molecular weight 7,5762, weight average molecular weight 15,2818, MFI=32 was a raw material, vacuum 65Pa and 70 ℃ of following desiccated balances of temperature 24 hours.
The polylactic acid slice that drying is good places screw extruder to carry out melt spinning, spinning temperature is 195 ℃, use the spinnerets of 48 106 holes * Φ 0.2mm to form total length and carry out spinning as the spinning pack of 3120mm, the spinning pump is that folded pump, the rotating speed of 2.4cc is 36 rev/mins; Simultaneously the PLA as-spun fibre that obtains is carried out malleation and stretch, compressed-air actuated pressure is 0.15MPa, and draw speed is about 4000m/min.
Become net arrangement swing and reach shop to be set to net by a minute silk PLA strand that stretched, amplitude of fluctuation is that 25cm, hunting frequency are 800 times/minute, when translational speed is 52.6m/min, obtain 30g/m
2The door width of cloth be 3 meters fibre web.
Again with the hot roll pressurization of the PLA fibre web that obtains through 150 ℃, pressure is 60KG, carry out heat bonding, batch at last and obtain that longitudinal tensile strength is that 35N/5cm, transverse tensile strength 28N/5cm, elongation are 30%, tearing strength 7N, the uniform polylactic acid non-weaving cloth of Fiber Distribution, this non-weaving cloth can be used as disposable medical material.
Embodiment 2
With 97 moles of % of L-isomer comprises, the PLA of number-average molecular weight 9,7886, weight average molecular weight 235008, MFI=20 was a raw material, vacuum 20Pa and 80 ℃ of following desiccated balances of temperature 14 hours.Melt spinning in above-mentioned identical device, spinning temperature are 210 ℃, and the measuring pump rotating speed is 36 rev/mins; Compressed-air actuated pressure is 0.35MPa, and draw speed is about 2354m/min.The amplitude of fluctuation of device is that 10cm, hunting frequency are 500 times/minute, when translational speed is 26m/min, obtain 60g/m
2The door width of cloth be 3 meters fibre web.
Again with the hot roll pressurization of the PLA fibre web that obtains through 155 ℃, pressure is 60KG, carry out heat bonding, batching at last and obtaining longitudinal tensile strength is that 75N/5cm, transverse tensile strength 53N/5cm, elongation are 40%, the spunbond cloth of PLA of tearing strength 15N/5cm.
Embodiment 3
With 97 moles of % of L-isomer comprises, the PLA of number-average molecular weight 9,7886, weight average molecular weight 235008, MFI=20 was a raw material, vacuum 50Pa and 60 ℃ of following desiccated balances of temperature 48 hours.Melt spinning in above-mentioned identical device, spinning temperature are 210 ℃, and the measuring pump rotating speed is 40 rev/mins; Compressed-air actuated pressure is 0.15MPa, and draw speed is about 1457m/min.The amplitude of fluctuation of device is that 10cm, hunting frequency are 300 times/minute, when translational speed is 12m/min, obtain 145g/m
2The door width of cloth be 3 meters fibre web.
Again with the hot roll pressurization of the PLA fibre web that obtains through 160 ℃, pressure is 60KG, carry out heat bonding, batching at last and obtaining longitudinal tensile strength is that 150N/5cm, transverse tensile strength 118N/5cm, elongation are 57%, the title product of tearing strength 28.5N/5cm.
Claims (9)
1. the preparation method of a spinning and conglutinating method polylactic acid nonwovens, it is characterized in that with 97 moles of L-isomer comprises more than the %, number-average molecular weight be 7,0000～15,0000, weight average molecular weight is 15,0000～28,0000, the PLA of melt index (MFI) 〉=20 is a raw material, vacuum 20～70Pa and 50～80 ℃ of following desiccated balances of temperature 12～48 hours, makes polylactic acid non-weaving cloth by melt spinning, malleation stretching, lapping and hot calendering bonding technology then.
2. preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that with described melt spinning it being that the polylactic acid slice that drying is good places screw extruder to carry out melt spinning, and the control spinning temperature is at 180～230 ℃, and spinnerets is 2000～7000 hole/rice.
3. preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that it is described melt spinning product PLA as-spun fibre to be carried out malleation stretch that described malleation stretches, and draw speed is 1000～5000m/min.
4. preparation method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that the air pressure of described malleation compression is 0.05～0.5MPa.
5. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described lapping be with the PLA strand of described stretching by the stretcher outlet airflow diffuser or swing type or rotary type divide silk to become net arrangement the reach shop is set to net on the lace curtaining of negative pressure system being furnished with.
6. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, the speed of advancement that it is characterized in that the lace curtaining of described lapping is 10～800m/min, hunting frequency 100～3000 times/minute and amplitude 10～50cm.
7. preparation method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that described one-tenth net product is 10～150g/m
2The PLA fibre web.
8. preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described hot calendering bonding is that described one-tenth net product PLA fibre web is bonding through 130～170 ℃ hot roll pressurized heat.
9. preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the bonding pressure of described hot roll pressurized heat is 40～100 kilograms.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101805941A (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2010-08-18 | 东华大学 | Preparation method of polylactic acid fiber with high melting point |
| CN101608345B (en) * | 2009-07-24 | 2011-03-16 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Preparation method of biodegradable polylactic acid fiber |
| CN102587042A (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2012-07-18 | 天津工业大学 | One-step polylactic acid spun-laid spunlace non-woven fabric and manufacturing method of non-woven fabric |
| CN102936796A (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2013-02-20 | 大连恒大高新材料开发有限公司 | Production process of PLA (poly lactic acid fiber) geotextile |
| CN103031667A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-04-10 | 杭州可靠护理用品股份有限公司 | Fully degradable non-woven material and application thereof to incontinence nursing pads for adults |
| CN101781815B (en) * | 2010-02-03 | 2013-05-08 | 东华大学 | Preparation method of porous fiber with controllable degradation rate for tissue engineering scaffold |
| CN104878458A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-09-02 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Fishing polylactic acid monofilament manufacturing method |
| CN110158236A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-08-23 | 武汉每时工业发展有限公司 | A kind of three component acoustical cotton of complete biodegradable |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101824708B (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2012-07-25 | 豆丁乐园（南京）婴儿用品有限公司 | Fully-degradable polylactic acid fiber melt-blowing nonwoven fabric and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5359026A (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1994-10-25 | Cargill, Incorporated | Poly(lactide) copolymer and process for manufacture thereof |
| WO1996025538A1 (en) * | 1995-02-14 | 1996-08-22 | Chisso Corporation | Biodegradable fiber and nonwoven fabric |
| EP1215225B9 (en) * | 1999-06-18 | 2005-03-09 | Kanebo Limited | Polylactic acid resin, textile products obtained therefrom, and processes for producing textile products |
| CN1304674C (en) * | 2004-04-20 | 2007-03-14 | 东华大学 | Superfine non-woven fabric from fiber of poly lactic acid and fabricating method |
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2005
- 2005-08-31 CN CNB2005100292509A patent/CN100368617C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101608345B (en) * | 2009-07-24 | 2011-03-16 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Preparation method of biodegradable polylactic acid fiber |
| CN101781815B (en) * | 2010-02-03 | 2013-05-08 | 东华大学 | Preparation method of porous fiber with controllable degradation rate for tissue engineering scaffold |
| CN101805941A (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2010-08-18 | 东华大学 | Preparation method of polylactic acid fiber with high melting point |
| CN101805941B (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2012-12-05 | 东华大学 | Preparation method of polylactic acid fiber with high melting point |
| CN102587042A (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2012-07-18 | 天津工业大学 | One-step polylactic acid spun-laid spunlace non-woven fabric and manufacturing method of non-woven fabric |
| CN102936796A (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2013-02-20 | 大连恒大高新材料开发有限公司 | Production process of PLA (poly lactic acid fiber) geotextile |
| CN103031667A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-04-10 | 杭州可靠护理用品股份有限公司 | Fully degradable non-woven material and application thereof to incontinence nursing pads for adults |
| CN103031667B (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2015-04-15 | 杭州可靠护理用品股份有限公司 | Fully degradable non-woven material and application thereof to incontinence nursing pads for adults |
| CN104878458A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-09-02 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Fishing polylactic acid monofilament manufacturing method |
| CN110158236A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-08-23 | 武汉每时工业发展有限公司 | A kind of three component acoustical cotton of complete biodegradable |
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| CN100368617C (en) | 2008-02-13 |
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