CN1709065A - Momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract, and its preparation and use - Google Patents
Momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract, and its preparation and use Download PDFInfo
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- CN1709065A CN1709065A CN 200510014306 CN200510014306A CN1709065A CN 1709065 A CN1709065 A CN 1709065A CN 200510014306 CN200510014306 CN 200510014306 CN 200510014306 A CN200510014306 A CN 200510014306A CN 1709065 A CN1709065 A CN 1709065A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a bitter melon leaf insect-resisting extract, its preparation method and application. It is characterized by that it utilizes bitter melon leaf as raw material, and uses deionized water, ethyl ether or acetone as extraction solvent, and adopts the processes of grinding, standing still, oscillation, filtering and constant volume extraction so as to obtain the green liquor containing protein. The ratio of bitter melon leaf and solvent is 1g/1ml. Said product can obtain good insect-resisting and insect-killing effect.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to agricultural novel pest-resistant dose, relate to balsam pear discarded object blade insect-resisting extract and preparation thereof and application.Being particularly related to deionized water, ether or acetone serves as to extract the water-soluble insect-resisting extract of momordica charantic leaf of solvent and preparation and its thereof in the application aspect pest-resistant, the desinsection.
Background technology:
Insect pest makes a large amount of underproduction of crops, and to develop pest-resistant dose of novel non-pollution significant for this reason.A large amount of uses of current chemical pesticide, though can in time control developing of pest, but bring many disadvantages, make as the long-term use of chemical insecticide that insect develops immunity to drugs, the residual of agricultural chemicals is on the rise the pollution of farmland and agricultural product, brought very big potentiality to threaten to the mankind, human beings'health and environment are produced the directly edible vegetable plant of harm, particularly people greatly, and chemical pesticide is easier directly is injured in use; Though and the cultivation of insect-resistant transgenic plants is expected to avoid poisoning, reduces the loss that insect pest causes to agricultural, cycle length and expense costliness relatively lag behind the progress of this respect.Therefore, press for exploitation, the development of biological prevention and control agent, the screening of biopesticide.
Balsam pear is a kind of crude vegetable crop, and is not only edible, also has important function at present in medicine, agricultural and fundamental biological knowledge research; And momordica charantic leaf is as discarded object, still untapped utilization.Also not adopting momordica charantic leaf up to now is the research report of biological pest-resistant dose of development of raw materials.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the present invention solves:
The present invention utilizes the discarded object momordica charantic leaf, provides that a kind of cost is low, resistance to insects is strong, pest-resistant spectrum is wide, preparation method is easy, water miscible novel pest-resistant biopesticide.It has overcome the harm of chemical pesticide toxicity, is the development of new biological insecticides, realizes that its industrialization lays the foundation.
Technical scheme
Momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract, it is that to utilize discarded object-balsam pear (Momordica charantia L.) blade be resource, adds to extract solvent, leave standstill the green liquid that contains protein that extraction, vibration, filtration and constant volume extract by grinding, adopting;
The characteristic of this insect-resisting extract:
Dissolubility: extract has water-soluble, and can mix with water with any ratio;
Pest-resistant spectrum: pest-resistant effect and insecticidal effect, particularly effective to the insect of biting mouthparts with wide spectrum.
Wherein, extracting solvent is deionized water, ether (〉=99%) or acetone (〉=95%).When extracting solvent employing deionized water, contain the protein that molecular weight is 22KD, 23KD, 24KD, 25KD, 28KD and 35KD in the extract; When extracting solvent employing ether, contain the protein that molecular weight is 26KD, 27KD, 29KD, 38KD, 40KD, 65KD and 66KD in the insect-resisting extract; When extracting solvent employing acetone, contain the protein that molecular weight is 31KD, 32KD and 33KD in the extract.This insect-resisting extract has good stability in the time of 0-40 ℃.
The preparation method of momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract, it is to utilize discarded object---momordica charantic leaf is a resource, add to extract solvent, leaves standstill by grinding, adopting that extraction, vibration, filtration and constant volume extract, and concrete grammar is as follows:
With fresh momordica charantic leaf or momordica charantic leaf dry powder, momordica charantic leaf is 1g: 1ml with the ratio that extracts solvent, control pH grinds in 6.5-7.0, temperature 0-4 ℃ scope, adopt then to leave standstill and extract 0.5h, and, behind the vibration 8-10h, filter with 20r/min, be settled to 2 times extraction quantity of solvent again with nature water, promptly make momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract stoste.
Need to prove:
Extract solvent and be selected from deionized water, ether (〉=99%) or acetone (〉=95%).
The purposes of momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract is the application aspect pest-resistant and desinsection.This insect-resisting extract can be widely used in the biological control of vegetable-crop pest-insect, is suitable for the biological control of pests with chewing mouthparts especially.It makes usage be: with momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract stoste dilute with water, making its concentration is 30-50%, is sprayed on the crop, when concentration is 45-50%, is sprayed on the crop pest-resistant better with insecticidal effect.
Beneficial effect:
It is resource that the present invention adopts discarded object-momordica charantic leaf, has developed pest-resistant dose of new bio.Strong, the pest-resistant spectrum of its resistance to insects is wide, have good stability at 0-40 ℃.Extract the stoste of back gained, can directly use, also can be made into concentrate, can also be processed into pulvis, be convenient to storage and transport.This pest-resistant dose of preparation method is easy, quick, cost is low.This novel pest-resistant biologic product can be arbitrarily than water-soluble, and is easy to use, pest-resistant, insecticidal effect is remarkable.Momordica charantic leaf ether insect-resisting extract stoste is mixed with variable concentrations (30%, 40%, 50%), after handling diamond-back moth (Plutella xylostella L.) larva with it, make the diamondback moth larvae depauperation, slow in reacting, occur curling, its amount of crimp is with handling increasing and rising of concentration, and its crimp percent is respectively 47.5%, 49.1%, 77.5%; Lethality (containing crimp percent) is respectively 79%, 79.6%, 90-100%.Momordica charantic leaf acetone insect-resisting extract stoste is mixed with kind of a concentration (30%, 40%, 50%) respectively, and behind their processing diamondback moth larvaes, examination worm crimp percent is respectively 37.1%, 40.0%, 42.0%; Lethality (containing crimp percent) is respectively 60.0%, 74.0%, 78.0%.Momordica charantic leaf deionized water insect-resisting extract stoste is mixed with after variable concentrations (30%, 40%, 50%) handles diamondback moth larvae, and examination worm crimp percent is respectively 30%, 35%, 53%; Lethality (containing crimp percent) is respectively 30%, 40%, 70%.Momordica charantic leaf ether insect-resisting extract stoste is mixed with 50% concentration, handle cabbage caterpillar (Artogela (pieris) rapae Linnaeus) with it after, examination worm crimp percent is 42.5%; Lethality (containing crimp percent) is 72.5%.Acetone insect-resisting extract stoste is mixed with 50% concentration, handle cabbage caterpillar with it after, examination worm crimp percent is 35.5%; Lethality (containing crimp percent) is 70.5%.Momordica charantic leaf deionized water insect-resisting extract stoste is mixed with 50% concentration, handle cabbage caterpillar with it after, examination worm crimp percent is 40%; Lethality (containing crimp percent) is 68%.The pest-resistant extraction stoste of momordica charantic leaf ether is mixed with 50% concentration, handle cabbage caterpillar with it after, the crimp percent in its pupa time is 20%; Lethality is 40%.Compound concentration is the pest-resistant extract of 50% momordica charantic leaf acetone, handle cabbage caterpillar with it after, the crimp percent of pupa is 20%; Lethality is 40%.Compound concentration is 50% momordica charantic leaf deionized water insect-resisting extract, and behind the processing cabbage caterpillar, pupa time, crimp percent was 20%; Lethality is 80%.Above experiment confirm, this extract has pest-resistant and insecticidal effect, and when concentration was 45-50%, it was better to be sprayed on the crop pest-resistant and insecticidal effect, can be widely used in controlling of vegetable-crop pest-insect.This product has not only overcome the harm of chemical pesticide toxicity, and the resource that is adopted is the balsam pear discarded object, and its cost is very low, preparation is easy, thereby lays a good foundation for biological pest control development of new insecticide.This extract has wide development potentiality and application prospect at aspects such as biological control insect, the pollution-free crops vegetables of production, occupies very big advantage on Application and Development from now on.The present invention will have important significance for theories and using value to the biological control of plant insect and development, the realization industrialization of biopesticide, not only have an economic benefit but also social benefit is arranged.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1: with the ether is the proteinaceous dielectrophoresis figure of momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract that extracts solvent;
Fig. 2: with acetone is the proteinaceous dielectrophoresis figure of momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract that extracts solvent;
Fig. 3: with the deionized water is the proteinaceous dielectrophoresis figure of momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract that extracts solvent;
Fig. 4: extracting solvent is the design sketch of the momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract processing cabbage caterpillar of ether;
Fig. 5: extracting solvent is the design sketch of the momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract processing cabbage caterpillar of acetone;
Fig. 6: extracting solvent is the design sketch of the momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract processing cabbage caterpillar of deionized water.
Embodiment
Substantive distinguishing features of the present invention and exploitativeness are passed through following examples imbody, but should not limit the scope of the invention with this.
Embodiment 1:
Utilizing discarded object---momordica charantic leaf is a resource, prepares the method for momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract, may further comprise the steps:
Adopt ether for extracting solvent, get fresh momordica charantic leaf 50g, 50ml ether (〉=99%) is in the ratio of 1g: 1ml, under the condition of 0 ℃ of pH 7, temperature, grind, employing is left standstill and is extracted 0.5h, filter with cyclotron oscillation device 20r/min vibration 8-10h, it is standby as stoste to be settled to 100ml with nature water then.
Performance Detection:
The insect-resisting extract of getting above-mentioned preparation detects.With the ether be extract solvent the contained protein of momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract dielectrophoresis figure as shown in Figure 1.Momordica charantic leaf adopts the 2D-SDS-PAGE protein detection after extracted by ether, between PI 5.0-7.0, detecting molecular weight is 26KD, 27KD, 29KD, 38KD, 40KD, 65KD and seven protein point spectrum of 66KD, shown in arrow among Fig. 1.Contain the protein that molecular weight is 26KD, 27KD, 29KD, 38KD, 40KD, 65KD and 66KD in the extract that more than shows present embodiment and obtained.This extract is the bottle green water-soluble liquid, can concentrate, and can dilute, and can mix with water with any ratio, stores 1 year at 0-40 ℃, and its pest-resistant effect is still stable.
Application experiment 1-2:
With the momordica charantic leaf ether insect-resisting extract stoste dilute with water of embodiment 1 preparation, making its concentration is 50% (compound method: get 50ml momordica charantic leaf ether insect-resisting extract stoste, add 50ml water), is applied in the cabbage leaf front, dries the back and raises the examination worm.As trying the worm source altogether, establish three repetitions with diamond-back moth (Plutella xylostella L.) second instar larvae.Tried the worm food ingestion same day and reduce, the second flying worm precursor reactant is blunt, and curling appears in the 3rd day polypide, death occurs on the 4th day, and crimp percent was 77.5% in the 5th day, and lethality is 100%.Be applied in the cabbage leaves front with quadrat method, dry back raising cabbage caterpillar in one age, second day examination worm food ingestion reduction, slow in reacting, occurred in the 3rd day curling, occurred dead on the 4th day, crimp percent was 42.5% in the 6th day, and lethality is 72.5%, to pupa time its crimp percent be 20%, lethality is 40%.
Application experiment 3:
With the momordica charantic leaf ether insect-resisting extract stoste dilute with water of embodiment 1 preparation, making its concentration is 40% (compound method: get 40ml momordica charantic leaf ether insect-resisting extract stoste, add 60ml water), is applied in the cabbage leaf front, dries the back and raises the examination worm.As trying the worm source altogether, establish three repetitions with the diamond-back moth second instar larvae.Tried the worm food ingestion same day and reduce, the second flying worm precursor reactant is blunt, occurs curling in the 3rd day, and appearance in the 4th day is dead, the 5th day crimp percent 49.1%, lethality 79.6%.
Application experiment 4:
With the momordica charantic leaf ether insect-resisting extract stoste dilute with water of embodiment 1 preparation, making its concentration is 30% (compound method: get 30ml momordica charantic leaf ether insect-resisting extract stoste, add 70ml water), is applied in the cabbage leaf front, dries the back and raises the examination worm.As trying the worm source altogether, establish three repetitions with the diamond-back moth second instar larvae.Examination worm food ingestion reduced in second day, and the 3rd flying worm precursor reactant is blunt, occurred curling in the 4th day, and appearance in the 5th day is dead, and crimp percent was 47.5% in the 6th day, and lethality is 79%.
Embodiment 2:
Adopt acetone (〉=99%) to be the extraction solvent, vibration 10h, other is with embodiment 1.Momordica charantic leaf with acetone extraction after, adopt the 2D-SDS-PAGE protein detection, between PI 6.5-7.5, detecting molecular weight is 31KD, 32KD, three protein point spectrum of 33KD, shown in arrow among Fig. 2.Contain the protein that molecular weight is 31KD, 32KD, 33KD in the extract that more than shows present embodiment and obtained, this extract is the light green color water-soluble liquid.Other is with embodiment 1.
Application experiment 5-6:
With the momordica charantic leaf acetone insect-resisting extract stoste dilute with water of embodiment 2 preparations, making its concentration is 50%
(promptly get 50ml momordica charantic leaf acetone insect-resisting extract stoste, add 50ml water) is applied in the cabbage leaf front, dries the back and raises the examination worm.As trying the worm source altogether, establish three repetitions with the diamond-back moth second instar larvae.Tried the worm food ingestion same day and reduce, the second flying worm precursor reactant is blunt, and curling appears in the 3rd day polypide, death occurs on the 4th day, and crimp percent was 42.0% in the 5th day, and lethality is 78.0%.Be applied in the cabbage leaves front with above-mentioned same method, dry back raising cabbage caterpillar in one age.Second day examination worm food ingestion reduce, slow in reacting, occurred curling in the 3rd day, occurred deadly on the 4th day, the 6th day crimp percent is 35.5%, lethality is 70.5%.
Application experiment 7:
With the momordica charantic leaf acetone insect-resisting extract stoste dilute with water of embodiment 2 preparations, making its concentration is 40% (promptly get 40ml momordica charantic leaf acetone insect-resisting extract stoste, add 60ml water), is applied in the cabbage leaf front, dries the back and raises the examination worm.As trying the worm source altogether, establish three repetitions with the diamond-back moth second instar larvae.Tried the worm food ingestion same day and reduce, the second flying worm precursor reactant is blunt, occurs curling in the 3rd day, and appearance in the 4th day is dead, the 5th day crimp percent 40.0%, lethality 74.0%.
Application experiment 8
With the momordica charantic leaf acetone insect-resisting extract stoste dilute with water of embodiment 2 preparations, making its concentration is 30% (promptly get 30ml momordica charantic leaf acetone insect-resisting extract stoste, add 70ml water), is applied in the cabbage leaf front, dries the back and raises the examination worm.As trying the worm source altogether, respectively establish three repetitions with the diamond-back moth second instar larvae.Examination worm food ingestion reduced in second day, and the 3rd flying worm precursor reactant is blunt, occurred curling in the 4th day, and appearance in the 5th day is dead, and crimp percent was 42.0% in the 6th day, and lethality is 78%.
Embodiment 3:
Adopt deionized water for extracting solvent, grind under 6.8,4 ℃ of pH, other is with embodiment 1.Momordica charantic leaf adopts the 2D-SDS-PAGE protein detection after extracting with deionized water, and between PI 6.5-7.5, detecting molecular weight is 22KD, 23KD, 24KD, 25KD, 28KD and six protein point spectrum of 35KD, shown in arrow among Fig. 3.Contain the protein that molecular weight is 22KD, 23KD, 24KD, 25KD, 28KD and 35KD in the extract that more than shows present embodiment and obtained.This extract is the light green color water-soluble liquid.
Application experiment 9-10:
With the momordica charantic leaf deionized water insect-resisting extract stoste dilute with water of embodiment 3 preparations, making its concentration is 50% (promptly get 50ml momordica charantic leaf deionized water insect-resisting extract stoste, add 50ml water), is applied in the cabbage leaf front, dries the back and raises the examination worm.As trying the worm source altogether, establish three repetitions with the diamond-back moth second instar larvae.Tried the worm food ingestion same day and reduce, the second flying worm precursor reactant is blunt, and curling appears in the 3rd day polypide, death occurs on the 4th day, and crimp percent was 53% in the 5th day, and lethality is 70%.Be applied in the cabbage leaves front with above-mentioned same method, dry the back raise one age cabbage caterpillar, second day food ingestion reduce, slow in reacting, occurred curling in the 3rd day, occurred deadly on the 4th day, the 6th day crimp percent is 40%, lethality is 68%.
Application experiment 11:
With the momordica charantic leaf deionized water insect-resisting extract stoste dilute with water of embodiment 3 preparations, making its concentration is 40% (promptly get 40ml momordica charantic leaf deionized water insect-resisting extract stoste, add 60ml water), is applied in the cabbage leaf front, dries the back and raises the examination worm.As trying the worm source altogether, establish three repetitions with the diamond-back moth second instar larvae.Tried the worm food ingestion same day and reduce, the second flying worm precursor reactant is blunt, occurs curling in the 3rd day, and appearance in the 4th day is dead, the 5th day crimp percent 35%, lethality 40%.
Application experiment 12:
With the momordica charantic leaf deionized water insect-resisting extract stoste dilute with water of embodiment 3 preparations, making its concentration is 30% (promptly get 30ml momordica charantic leaf deionized water insect-resisting extract stoste, add 70ml water), is applied in the cabbage leaf front, dries the back and raises the examination worm.As trying the worm source altogether, establish three repetitions with the diamond-back moth second instar larvae.Examination worm food ingestion reduced in second day, and the 3rd flying worm precursor reactant is blunt, occurred curling in the 4th day, and appearance in the 5th day is dead, and crimp percent was 30% in the 6th day, and lethality is 30%.
More than experiment shows, the balsam pear insect-resisting extract of three kinds of solvent preparations all has pest-resistant, insecticidal effect; And no matter be with ether, acetone or deionized water as extracting solvent, adopted 30%, 40%, in 50% 3 kind of concentration, pest-resistant effective during all with 50% concentration.In a word, the momordica charantic leaf extract has stronger resistance effect to insect, is pest-resistant dose of agricultural preferably new bio.
Claims (7)
1. momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract, it is characterized in that it is to utilize discarded object---balsam pear (Momordicacharantia L.) blade is a resource, add to extract solvent, leaves standstill the green liquid that contains protein that extraction, vibration, filtration and constant volume extract by grinding, adopting;
The characteristic of this insect-resisting extract:
Dissolubility: extract has water-soluble, and can mix with water with any ratio;
Pest-resistant spectrum: pest-resistant effect and insecticidal effect, particularly effective to the insect of biting mouthparts with wide spectrum.
2. according to the described momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract of claim 1, it is characterized in that extracting solvent is deionized water, ether (〉=99%) or acetone (〉=95%); When extracting solvent employing deionized water, contain the protein that molecular weight is 22KD, 23KD, 24KD, 25KD, 28KD and 35KD in the extract; When extracting solvent employing ether, contain the protein that molecular weight is 26KD, 27KD, 29KD, 38KD, 40KD, 65KD and 66KD in the insect-resisting extract; When extracting solvent employing acetone, contain the protein that molecular weight is 31KD, 32KD and 33KD in the extract.
3. the preparation method of the described momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract of claim 1, it is characterized in that it is to utilize discarded object---balsam pear (Momordica charantia L.) blade is a resource, add to extract solvent, leave standstill by grinding, adopting that extraction, vibration, filtration and constant volume extract, concrete grammar is as follows:
With fresh momordica charantic leaf or momordica charantic leaf dry powder, momordica charantic leaf is 1g: 1ml with the ratio that extracts solvent, control pH grinds in 6.5-7.0, temperature 0-4 ℃ scope, employing is left standstill and is extracted 0.5h, and with behind the 20r/min vibration 8-10h, filter, be settled to 2 times extraction quantity of solvent again with nature water, promptly make momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract stoste.
4. according to the preparation method of the described momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract of claim 3, it is characterized in that extracting solvent and be selected from deionized water, ether (〉=99%) or acetone (〉=95%).
5. the application of the described momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract of claim 1 aspect pest-resistant and desinsection, it is characterized in that this insect-resisting extract is used for the biological control of vegetable-crop pest-insect, it makes usage be: with momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract stoste dilute with water, making its concentration is 30%-50%, is sprayed on the crop.
According to the described momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract of claim 5 in the application aspect pest-resistant and the desinsection, it is characterized in that being used for the biological control of pests with chewing mouthparts.
7, according to the described momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract of claim 5 in the application aspect pest-resistant and the desinsection, it is characterized in that with momordica charantic leaf insect-resisting extract stoste dilute with water, making its concentration is 45%-50%, is sprayed on the crop.
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CN101923077A (en) * | 2010-07-14 | 2010-12-22 | 天津师范大学 | Method for detecting chemical components of ether extract of bitter gourd leaves |
CN103478180A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2014-01-01 | 江苏希旺农业科技有限公司 | Pesticide for organic vegetables |
CN104026162A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-09-10 | 无锡市崇安区科技创业服务中心 | Composite natural insecticide for preventing and controlling cabbage caterpillars and preparation method of composite natural insecticide |
CN104430610A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-03-25 | 苏州市相城区盛胡特种养殖专业合作社 | Method for preparing botanical insecticide containing artemisia |
JP2016017045A (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2016-02-01 | 孝樹 長島 | Insect repellent |
WO2021009164A1 (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2021-01-21 | Universiteit Gent | Plant extract for controlling parasitic nematodes |
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2005
- 2005-07-01 CN CN 200510014306 patent/CN1709065A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101923077A (en) * | 2010-07-14 | 2010-12-22 | 天津师范大学 | Method for detecting chemical components of ether extract of bitter gourd leaves |
CN101923077B (en) * | 2010-07-14 | 2013-01-23 | 天津师范大学 | Method for detecting chemical components of ether extract of bitter gourd leaves |
CN103478180A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2014-01-01 | 江苏希旺农业科技有限公司 | Pesticide for organic vegetables |
CN104026162A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-09-10 | 无锡市崇安区科技创业服务中心 | Composite natural insecticide for preventing and controlling cabbage caterpillars and preparation method of composite natural insecticide |
JP2016017045A (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2016-02-01 | 孝樹 長島 | Insect repellent |
CN104430610A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2015-03-25 | 苏州市相城区盛胡特种养殖专业合作社 | Method for preparing botanical insecticide containing artemisia |
WO2021009164A1 (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2021-01-21 | Universiteit Gent | Plant extract for controlling parasitic nematodes |
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