CN1707911A - Built-in mixed rotor magnetic circuit structural controllable flux permanent magnetic synchronous machine - Google Patents
Built-in mixed rotor magnetic circuit structural controllable flux permanent magnetic synchronous machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN1707911A CN1707911A CN 200510013524 CN200510013524A CN1707911A CN 1707911 A CN1707911 A CN 1707911A CN 200510013524 CN200510013524 CN 200510013524 CN 200510013524 A CN200510013524 A CN 200510013524A CN 1707911 A CN1707911 A CN 1707911A
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Abstract
The present invention provides one true kind of permanent magnetic motor with wide speed regulating range, or magnetic flux controllable permanent magnetic sync motor with over 6 pole built-in mixed rotor magnetic path structure. The motor includes rotating shaft, stator winding, rotor iron core, Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet, Nd-Fi-B permanent magnet, position sensor, frequency variator, etc. The permanent magnetic rotor with built-in mixed rotor magnetic path structure comprising rotating shaft, Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet, Nd-Fi-B permanent magnet and rotor iron core has V-shape set permanent magnets in the rotor core, tangent set Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet, and semi-tangent and semi-radial set Nd-Fi-B permanent magnet. One direct-axis current vector with controllable amplitude may be added to alter the magnetization of the rotor permanent magnet and the altered magnetic flux density may be remembered. The present invention has wide speed regulating range, less armature loss and other advantages.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the control of motor and electric drive, be specifically related to a kind of permagnetic synchronous motor that 6 extremely above built-in mixed rotor structure magnetic circuits and magnetic flux can be controlled that is suitable for.
Background technology
Even general traditional permagnetic synchronous motor should be taken into account that all the most extreme operating mode having occurred should prevent that also permanent magnet from demagnetizing when rotor magnetic circuit design and magnet size are determined.This just means under maximum operating temperature, and the big degaussing magnetomotive force that must be enough to armature reaction is produced of the thickness of permanent magnet is lower than the coercive force of permanent magnet in traditional magneto.This is because of traditional magneto, particularly rare-earth permanent-magnet electric machine, and permanent magnet is demagnetization in a single day, and the remagnetize permanent magnet is impossible again.Traditional permagnetic synchronous motor is if think mostly to adopt vector control strategy by wide-range-timing, by control direct-axis current vector i
dThe armature reaction MMF that plays direct demagnetizing effect that produces weakens permanent magnetic field, and the balance of electric moter voltage when keeping high-speed cruising reaches the purpose of weak-magnetic speed-regulating.This d-axis inductance of just wishing motor is big, but owing to have the bigger permanent magnet of magnetic resistance on the d-axis, the d-axis inductance is lower generally speaking, and its speed adjustable range is not wide.During weak-magnetic speed-regulating, if the stator total current is limited, so by handing over shaft current vector i
qThe utilizable torque that produces will descend; Simultaneously because direct-axis current vector i
dTo exist always, can in three-phase stator winding, produce additional copper loss.And,, losing weak magnetic control system ability if inverter failure occurs for frequency converter, the rotor permanent magnetic field of high speed rotating can induce too high voltages in motor windings, might cause the transducer power device failure.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of 6 extremely above built-in mixed rotor magnetic circuit structural controllable flux permanent magnetic synchronous machine---memory electrical machines that are particularly suitable for, is wide range speed control magneto truly, to solve an above-mentioned difficult problem.
1～2 pair of structure of the present invention and know-why are illustrated in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Built-in mixed rotor magnetic circuit structural controllable flux permanent magnetic synchronous machine comprises machine shaft 1, bearing 2, end cap 3, stator winding 4, support 5, stator core 6, Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 7, Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 8, rotor core 9, cooling fan 10, fan housing 11, position transducer 12, sensor cable 13, motor cable 14, frequency converter 15, non-magnet material 16, non-magnet material 17, non-magnet material 18.Except that the motor p-m rotor, other parts of motor are the same substantially with traditional permagnetic synchronous motor.Constitute the p-m rotor of built-in mixed rotor magnetic circuit structural by rotating shaft 1, Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 7, Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 8 and rotor core 9, Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 7 in the rotor core 9 and Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 8 press V-arrangement place (Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 7 is placed along axle is tangential, Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 8 along the axle hemisections to, radius to placing).Rotor core 9 by the silicon steel sheet punching, be overrided to form.Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 7 adopts higher but the aluminium nickel cobalt material that coercive force is very low of residual flux densities, reasonably select permanent magnet length and width, can adjust the size of the controllable flux of motor effectively, can adjust the weak magnetic scope of motor effectively, aluminium nickel cobalt can magnetize on tangential positive and negative both direction, and the direction of magnetization is shown in the double-head arrow among the figure.Hemisection is adopted residual flux density and all very high NdFeB materials of coercive force to, radius to the permanent magnet of placing 8, select rational Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic body length and width, make it contribute the permanent magnet flux amount as much as possible, motor permanent magnetism master air-gap field is mainly by its generation; The direction of magnetization of neodymium iron boron is constant all the time, and the direction of magnetization is shown in the single arrow among Fig. 2; Also should prevent the permanent magnet demagnetization even occurred the most extreme operating mode during magnetic Circuit Design.Wherein non-magnet material 16, can be air, also can be aluminium or other non-magnetic material, play the purpose that reduces leakage field every magnetic.Non-magnet material 17 can be an air, also can be aluminium or other non-magnetic material, plays the purpose that reduces leakage field every magnetic; The width of that part of silicon steel sheet in the middle of two non-magnet materials 17 should be narrow as much as possible under the condition that guarantees mechanical strength and grow, to reach the purpose that reduces leakage flux.Non-magnet material 18 can be an air, also can be aluminium or other non-magnetic material, and it plays to increase and hands over axle magnetic circuit magnetic resistance, and armature reaction MMF increases the purpose of weak magnetic and speed adjustable range effectively to the influence of d-axis permanent magnetic field when reducing load.To 6 extremely above memory electrical machines, the permanent magnet V-arrangement is placed can increase permanent magnet provides sectional area from permanent magnet flux to external magnetic circuit effectively, though this kind structure leakage field is more relatively large, can satisfy the requirement of the permanent magnetism air gap main flux that provides enough with comparalive ease.
By threephase stator winding short time on rotor d-axis direction, change as an electric current in the time of cycle, apply the controlled direct-axis current vector i of an amplitude
d, at this direct-axis current vector i
dAfter the d-axis armature reaction MMF effect that pulse produced, will change the magnetization power of Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 7, and the direction of magnetization that changes Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 7, the working point that Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 7 demagnetizations simultaneously recover straight line also changes.When the direction of magnetization of Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 7 and Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 8 is consistent, because of Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 7 coercive forces are too low permanent magnetism master air-gap field is contributed little, but it can play the magnetic flux that Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 8 is produced and push stator core 6 to, and the effect that the permanent magnetism main field is strengthened to some extent; Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 7 is after this direction is by hard magnetization, and motor permanent magnetism main flux is the strongest.When the direction of magnetization of Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 7 and Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 8 is opposite, difference along with magnetic reversal intensity, Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 7 is also different thereupon in the quantity of rotor internal bypass with the magnetic flux that Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 8 produces, thereby plays the unique effect that permanent magnetism main flux fraction or major part are weakened; By after the hard magnetization, motor permanent magnetism main flux is the most weak by in the other direction for Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 7.The weak magnetic of the tangential Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet of placing 7 needs the threephase stator winding to be continuously applied the direct-axis current i of demagnetizing effect a little less than traditional magneto the magnetic mode
dVector is the novel permanent magnetic synchronous motor of real wide speed operation.Rotor axis of electric still is the ordinary low-carbon steel axle, and 9 of rotor cores need be every magnetic treatment.In the low cruise district, by hard magnetization, motor permanent magnetism main flux is the highest on the direction that Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 7 should be identical with Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 8 direction of magnetizations, and motor is in the speed regulation by constant torque service area.System adopts direct-axis current vector i
d=0 control strategy, load current are exactly that motor is handed over shaft current i
q, the motor stator electric current is little, and motor is in more satisfactory control running status, energy index height.In the high-speed cruising district, need weak magnetic adjustment.After weak magnetic was adjusted, during even running, magnetic flux did not need to adjust repeatedly again when not needing significantly to adjust in a certain velocity interval.When speed needs significantly to adjust operation, only need under the specific speed of some necessity, on p-m rotor d-axis direction, apply an amplitude and the controlled current impulse of direction by the threephase stator winding, just can change the magnetization situation of the Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 7 of the very low tangential placement of coercive force easily, and the working point that changes its demagnetization recovery straight line, thereby change permanent magnetism main field power, and keep adjusted magnetization situation constant subsequently.Have the pulse of direct-axis current vector during except that the adjustment magnetic flux, the motor stator electric current only is to hand over shaft current, and copper loss is low, the motor economical operation.Simultaneously, because the armature reaction MMF that load current promptly hands over shaft current to produce does not pass Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 7, can not influence the magnetized state of Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet 7; Though because the armature reaction MMF that load current produces does not pass neodymium iron boron magnetic body 8, but because enough strong of the coercive force kinetic potential of neodymium iron boron magnetic body 8, even the armature reaction MMF degaussing that the most extreme operating mode neodymium iron boron magnetic body 8 also can not produced by load current occurred; So controllable flux permanent magnet synchronous motor can not demagnetized by the armature reaction MMF that load current produces.But the d-axis permanent magnetic circuit of controllable flux permanent magnet synchronous motor can be subjected to the influence of the armature reaction MMF of load current generation, specially be provided with non-magnet material 18 in order to reduce this kind influence, it plays to increase and hands over axle magnetic circuit magnetic resistance, increases the purpose of weak magnetic and speed adjustable range effectively.
Characteristics of the present invention are because of it passes through threephase stator winding short time on rotor d-axis direction, in the time as an electric current variation cycle, to apply the controlled direct-axis current vector i of an amplitude
dJust can change the magnetization of rotor permanent magnet and magnetic flux density is had Memorability, and can be referred to as memory electrical machine.The great advantage of the synchronous memory electrical machine of controllable flux permanent magnet is and can moves in very wide speed adjustable range, and do not have too much armature loss, also can not sacrifice other motor characteristic.Weak-magnetic speed-regulating control effect is remarkable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a motor general structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the present invention's (6 utmost point) built-in mixed rotor magnetic circuit controllable flux permanent magnet synchronous motor section of structure.
Among the figure: rotating shaft-1; Bearing-2; End cap-3; Stator winding-4; Support-5; Stator core-6; Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet-7; Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet-8; Rotor core-9; Cooling fan-10; Fan housing-11, position transducer-12; Sensor cable-13; Motor cable-14; Frequency converter-15; Non-magnet material-16; Non-magnet material-17; Non-magnet material-18.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed by specific embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Whole motor implemented by following explanation.
Before addressed built-in mixed rotor magnetic circuit structural controllable flux permanent magnetic synchronous machine of the present invention---memory electrical machine, except that rotor, other parts of motor are the same substantially with traditional permagnetic synchronous motor.That is to say the end cap 3 of motor, support 5, cooling fan 10, fan housing 11, stator core 6, the coiling of threephase stator winding 4, insulation, rule, dipping lacquer, dry, be pressed into manufacture technologies such as support 5 and traditional permagnetic synchronous motor just the same.What need emphasize is again: 1. want an oblique stator slot for the reluctance torque that weakens magneto forms stator core 6 with silicon steel plate stacking, skewed slot can weaken slot ripples effectively; 2. threephase stator winding 4 adopts the short distance distributed winding, to weaken high order harmonic component electromotive force and the magnetomotive force adverse effect to motor effectively; 3. supplementary load loss that form for the multiple subharmonic electromotive force that reduces permanent magnetism three times and three, threephase stator winding 4 connects for Y.Machine shaft 1 is the common low carbon steel of magnetic conduction, with rotor core 9 need not be every magnetic treatment.Rotor core 9 is formed by silicon steel plate stacking, and rotor core 9 is enclosed within the rotating shaft 1 by colding pressing.The non-output shaft extension of rotor end also is equipped with and is used for the position transducer 12 that speed and vector control are used, as photoelectric encoder, resolver etc.Position transducer 12 links to each other with the frequency converter 15 that drives permagnetic synchronous motor by sensor cable 13.The frequency converter 15 that drives permagnetic synchronous motor links to each other by motor cable 14.For present embodiment: hemisection is 12 to, radius to the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet of placing 8 among Fig. 2, and the direction of arrow that is marked is its magnetizing direction.Hemisection adds man-hour to radius to the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet of placing 8, and the pre-magnetizing direction of selected permanent magnet should be consistent to the direction of arrow that, radius is marked in the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet of placing 8 with hemisection among Fig. 2.After sharp processing and electroplating antirust processing, magnetize by adding man-hour selected pre-magnetizing direction again.Embed on request again after magnetizing in the groove separately.The tangential Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet of placing 7 is 12 also among Fig. 2, and the arrow that is marked is a twocouese, i.e. its positive and negative both direction requires to magnetize or degaussing according to speed regulating control during motor operation.The tangential Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet of placing 7 adds man-hour, and the pre-magnetizing direction of selected permanent magnet should be consistent with the tangential Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet of the placing 7 interior four-headed arrow directions that marked among Fig. 2.After sharp processing and electroplating antirust processing, directly get final product in the embedding groove separately on request without pre-magnetizing.After having manufactured motor stator, rotor and each parts according to designing requirement, promptly can be assembled into described memory electrical machine.The tangential generally speaking Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet of placing 7 and hemisection to, radius to the Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet of placing 8 uniform thickness not on magnetizing direction.
Claims (1)
1. built-in mixed rotor magnetic circuit structural controllable flux permanent magnetic synchronous machine, comprise machine shaft (1), bearing (2), end cap (3), stator winding (4), support (5), stator core (6), Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet (7), Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet (8), rotor core (9), cooling fan (10), fan housing (11), position transducer (12), sensor cable (13), motor cable (14), frequency converter (15), non-magnet material (16), non-magnet material (17) and non-magnet material (18), it is characterized in that by rotating shaft (1), Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet (7), Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet (8) and rotor core (9) constitute the p-m rotor of built-in mixed rotor magnetic circuit structural, and Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet (7) in the described rotor core (9) and Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet (8) are pressed V-arrangement and placed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100135245A CN100392946C (en) | 2005-05-18 | 2005-05-18 | Built-in mixed rotor magnetic circuit structural controllable flux permanent magnetic synchronous machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100135245A CN100392946C (en) | 2005-05-18 | 2005-05-18 | Built-in mixed rotor magnetic circuit structural controllable flux permanent magnetic synchronous machine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1707911A true CN1707911A (en) | 2005-12-14 |
| CN100392946C CN100392946C (en) | 2008-06-04 |
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| CNB2005100135245A Expired - Fee Related CN100392946C (en) | 2005-05-18 | 2005-05-18 | Built-in mixed rotor magnetic circuit structural controllable flux permanent magnetic synchronous machine |
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Cited By (9)
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| CN103219814A (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2013-07-24 | 沈阳工业大学 | Asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor based on permanent magnets with different residual magnetic densities |
| US8928198B2 (en) | 2011-02-28 | 2015-01-06 | Uqm Technologies Inc. | Brushless PM machine construction enabling low coercivity magnets |
| CN104410234A (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2015-03-11 | 西北工业大学 | Spindle synchronous motor with wide speed regulation range for lathe |
| CN105337434A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-02-17 | 江苏大学 | Hybrid excitation permanent magnet brushless motor for electric vehicle |
| CN106100270A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-09 | 无锡新大力电机有限公司 | A kind of pole built-in mixed rotor structure-controllable flux permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN107994703A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-04 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Rotor and magneto |
| CN111769667A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-13 | 东南大学 | Series-parallel magnetic circuit separated magnetic pole type memory motor |
| CN113472247A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-10-01 | 威海西立电子有限公司 | Self-generating control method, control device and system for traveling crane |
| CN113472170A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-10-01 | 威海西立电子有限公司 | Variable magnetic flux permanent magnet synchronous motor, control method and control system |
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| TWM576750U (en) | 2017-07-25 | 2019-04-11 | 美商米沃奇電子工具公司 | Electrical composition, electric device system, battery pack, electric motor, motor assembly and electric motor assembly |
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| US6856051B2 (en) * | 2001-10-03 | 2005-02-15 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Manufacturing method and composite powder metal rotor assembly for circumferential type interior permanent magnet machine |
| JP3597821B2 (en) * | 2002-01-17 | 2004-12-08 | 株式会社東芝 | Permanent magnet type reluctance type rotating electric machine |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8928198B2 (en) | 2011-02-28 | 2015-01-06 | Uqm Technologies Inc. | Brushless PM machine construction enabling low coercivity magnets |
| CN103219814A (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2013-07-24 | 沈阳工业大学 | Asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor based on permanent magnets with different residual magnetic densities |
| CN103219814B (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2015-04-08 | 沈阳工业大学 | Asynchronous starting permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor based on permanent magnets with different residual magnetic densities |
| CN104410234A (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2015-03-11 | 西北工业大学 | Spindle synchronous motor with wide speed regulation range for lathe |
| CN105337434B (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2018-02-02 | 江苏大学 | Hybrid excitation permanent magnetic brushless used for electric vehicle |
| CN105337434A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-02-17 | 江苏大学 | Hybrid excitation permanent magnet brushless motor for electric vehicle |
| CN106100270A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-09 | 无锡新大力电机有限公司 | A kind of pole built-in mixed rotor structure-controllable flux permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN107994703A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-04 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Rotor and magneto |
| CN107994703B (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2024-07-12 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Motor rotor and permanent magnet motor |
| CN111769667A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-13 | 东南大学 | Series-parallel magnetic circuit separated magnetic pole type memory motor |
| CN111769667B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2023-02-28 | 东南大学 | Series-parallel magnetic circuit separated magnetic pole type memory motor |
| CN113472247A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-10-01 | 威海西立电子有限公司 | Self-generating control method, control device and system for traveling crane |
| CN113472170A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-10-01 | 威海西立电子有限公司 | Variable magnetic flux permanent magnet synchronous motor, control method and control system |
| CN113472170B (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2022-12-06 | 威海西立电子股份有限公司 | Variable magnetic flux permanent magnet synchronous motor, control method and control system |
| CN113472247B (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2023-10-13 | 威海西立电子有限公司 | Driving power generation control method, driving power generation control device and driving power generation control system |
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| CN100392946C (en) | 2008-06-04 |
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