CN1698991A - Extrusion molding method for curved generatrix hole - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to a method for processing curve generatrix hole, which belongs to metal non-cutting technology field. It uses opening koldflo technique, and comprises the following steps: a) designing the external block shape according to the shape of bore parts and consulting the relationship between key parameter, wherein the height of raw block H0=h+3-7mm, and the outline shape is similar to the mirror phase line of the generatrix in the bore; processing the block; b) designing handling mold, making D0-DM= (0.14-0.18)DM, wherein the DM is diameter of cutting edge, D0 is the largest diameter of block; c) coating lubricating agent on the surface of block and mold; d) extrusion forming; e) fine finishing to reach to the required size and precision.

Description

A kind of curve bus hole extrusion forming method

Technical field

The present invention relates to the method in a kind of Processing Curve bus hole, belonging to shape does not have the Machining Technology for Cutting field.

Background technology

In production practices, usually can run into the processing problems in part curve bus hole.Tool typical case and use that very to represent part widely be Laval nozzle (shower nozzle, nozzle) in the curve bus hole.Laval nozzle is a contraction a---diverging nozzle, can make by this jet pipe to have certain pressure and produce supersonic airstream than the gas of low velocity.It generally is made up of contraction section, aditus laryngis, expansion segment three parts, has the monopolizing characteristic that obtains supersonic airstream.By aerodynamics as can be known: produce supersonic flow needs throat to adopt varying-arca channel, and gas accelerates to velocity of sound at contraction section earlier, accelerates to supersonic flow at expansion segment again.No matter Laval nozzle is in metallurgy, heat energy, machinery, Aeronautics and Astronautics field, still all has in fields such as electronics, instrument, medical equipments very and uses widely, and be subjected to the generally attention of academia.

Like this widely used class part but runs into the obstacle of processing in actual production.Traditional machine cut processing method is difficult to realize, special process method has special requirement again to equipment, the processing charges costliness, require also high to operating personnel, and production efficiency is low, is unfavorable for batch machining production, so people have to be with straight Dai Qu, adopt covert so-called Laval nozzle, so that influenced the real performance of its good characteristic.Such as the de laval oxygen gun sprayer, though now each producer all oxygen gun sprayer in the Lavalle shower nozzle, but because of processing difficulties, most products are straight line bellmouth orifices, rather than the de laval oxygen gun sprayer of real curve cinclides, experimental results show that: the curve cinclides can save oxygen than the straight line bellmouth orifice and economize consumption about 5%.

Therefore; should inquire into a kind of better method to change existing situation to the processing in metal works curve bus hole; this is for being avoided using complicated special process equipment, the processing charges of conserve expensive, the very positive meaning of enhancing productivity; this curve bus hole large-scale popularization is used; make the device of using this curve bus hole give full play to their premium properties, avoid because the inefficiency that the employing substitute products cause and the waste of resource.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of method of Processing Curve bus hole of efficient, energy-conservation, the material-saving that need not adopt special process equipment, can implement according to the requirement in workpiece curve bus hole.

The technical scheme that addresses the above problem is:

The processing method in a kind of curve bus hole, it adopts the open type cold extruding formation process, carries out according to following steps:

A. according to the constancy of volume principle, according to the contour dimension of the size Selection blank behind the Workpiece shaping, original blank height H ₀=h+3～7mm, h are according to the size of part, the blank height that the constancy of volume principle calculates;

B. according to the design shape of workpiece endoporus, select maximum gauge to be the punching parameter, process the through hole d of this diameter ₀

C. according to workpiece endoporus shaped design blank shape, establishing part endoporus bus equation is f (X), then selects original gabarit to be shaped as f (X) mirror phase curvilinear equation;

D. process this blank and mould, make die point (or claiming die working length) diameter D _MWith the blank maximum dimension D ₀Between satisfy following relational expression: D ₀-D _M=(0.14-0.18) D ₀

E. mould is installed on the hydraulic press, smears lubricant at blank, die surface, with blank with this mould extrusion modling;

F. the workpiece height and the external diameter of extrusion modling are processed, reached the final size requirement.

The processing method in above-mentioned curve bus hole, described blank satisfies following relation: establish d ₀Be diameter of bore, D0 is blank maximum gauge, then d ₀/ D0=0.2～0.4.

The processing method in above-mentioned curve bus hole, described Die Cone Angle 2a=15～25 °.

Adopting the processing method in this curve bus hole, do not need special process equipment, save processing charges, also have unique advantages such as mould is simple, forming force is low, energy-conservation and pollution-free, is a kind of advanced forming technique of efficient, energy-conservation, material-saving.It can be used to produce tradition processing or special process method and can't or be difficult to the curve bus hole part produced, as various nozzle class parts, has solved a great problem in producing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the curve bus hole product generalized section that the present invention processes;

Fig. 2 is the original blank schematic diagram of product shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 is the mould schematic diagram of processing product shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 4,5 is respectively the part shape after specific embodiment is shaped and the size of original blank shape.

Mark is as follows among the figure: Laval nozzle 1, contraction section 2, aditus laryngis 3, expansion segment 4, original blank 5, endoporus 6, mould 7

The specific embodiment

The open type cold extrusion that the present invention adopts is a kind of shaping process technology of efficient, energy-conservation, material-saving, generally is applicable to axle sleeve class part, and with respect to enclosed, the open type cold extrusion also has unique advantages such as mould is simple, plastic force is low, energy-conservation and pollution-free.Can produce the bus curved slot part that traditional diamond-making technique can't or be difficult to produce with the open type cold extruding technique, as various streamlined endoporus, these streamlined curves can be parabolic type, hyperbolic-type, or the like.

An example of the present invention is the processing Laval nozzle.

Fig. 1 is the cutaway view of Laval nozzle.In the drawings, Laval nozzle 1 is divided into contraction section 2, aditus laryngis 3, expansion segment 4 three parts, the cross section of pipeline is descending, ascending again, it is a continually varying process, such curve endoporus adopts traditional processing method very difficult, adopt processing method of the present invention much then simple, and quality is also secure.

The first step, preparation, turned blank.As shown in Figure 2, original blank is a class cydariform material base 5, height H O=h (h is the blank height after converting according to accessory size)+3～7mm (3～7mm is that technology is replenished portion size).According to the constancy of volume principle, maximum dimension D 0 place of cylinder blank 5 is aditus laryngis 3 places of corresponding Laval nozzle 1, the external curve in the longitudinal axis cross section of cylinder blank 5 and the inner hole curve of Laval nozzle 1 are symmetrical, endoporus 6 bores in central authorities at cylinder blank 5, the aperture is d0, and d0 is identical with the maximum gauge in the bus hole of Laval nozzle 1.Then, blank is processed, and guaranteed machining accuracy according to above-mentioned requirements.

Second step, the design processing mold.As shown in Figure 3, the cone angle of processing mold 7 is 2a, and the work zone of mould 7 (or claiming die point) diameter is that D is recessed, and the height of work zone is 4～6mm.

Following relation is arranged between above-mentioned blank parameter and the die parameters:

d ₀/D0＝0.2～0.4；D ₀-D _M＝(0.14-0.18)D _M；2a＝15～25°。

The 3rd step, lubricated

The outer surface of the blank after processing and the working surface of mould are smeared lubricant.

The 4th step, cold extrusion shaped

Adopt forcing press on mould that blank is cold extrusion shaped.

The 5th step, fine finishining

The finishing workpiece both ends of the surface reach size and required precision; The finishing workpiece outer surface reaches accessory size and required precision.

Below illustrate the computational process of original blank:

Fig. 4, Fig. 5 have provided part shape size and the original blank shape after being shaped respectively, and the bus among the figure is the circular arc of 200 millimeters of radiuses, highly is 50, and outside diameter is 20 millimeters, and the end face internal diameter is 5 millimeters.Computational process is:

1, die working length diameter: in order to obtain part as shown in Figure 4, the die working length diameter is chosen with the part external diameter and is equated.

2, blank diameter of bore: when choosing the profile of blank, the end diameter at blank two ends is chosen and the die working length equal diameters, and diameter of bore and part endoporus two ends maximum gauge equate.

3, the radius of curvature of the bus curve of blank: according to a large amount of tests, and The results of numerical simulation, the radius of curvature of the bus curve of blank is identical with aircraft carrier curvature of a curve radius in the part.

4, the height of blank: can calculate according to the constancy of volume of material before and after the distortion.Detailed process is as follows: according to the shape of part, set up cylindrical-coordinate system as shown in Figure 4.

Then the circular arc equation of endoporus bus is: ${(r-2.5-\sqrt{{200}^2-{25}^2})}^2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="z"\; filenames="A20051008310600071.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">z</figure-callout>}}^2=40000$ The volume of part is:

$V_1=4\mathrm{\&pi;}{\&Integral;}_0^{25}{\&Integral;}_{-\sqrt{40000-z^2}+2.5+\sqrt{{200}^2-{25}^2}}^{10}\mathrm{rdrdz}$

$=2\mathrm{\&pi;}{\&Integral;}_0^{25}(100+(\sqrt{40000-z^2}-2.5-\sqrt{{200}^2-{25}^2}{)}^2\mathrm{dz}$

$=2\mathrm{\&pi;}\{41000*25-1/3*{25}^3+{[2.5+\sqrt{{200}^2-{25}^2}]}^2*25-[2.5+\sqrt{{200}^2-{25}^2}]$

$*[{200}^2/2\arcsin (25/200)+25/2\sqrt{{200}^2-{25}^2}]\}$

$=15341.83$

The cylindrical-coordinate system of blank as shown in Figure 5, the circular arc equation of blank bus is:

${(r+\sqrt{{200}^2-x^2}-10)}^2+z^2=40000$

The volume of blank is:

$v_0=4\mathrm{\&pi;}{\&Integral;}_0^{x/2}{\&Integral;}_{2.5}^{\sqrt{40000-z^2}+10-\sqrt{{200}^2-{25}^2}}\mathrm{rdrdz}$

$=2\mathrm{\&pi;}{\&Integral;}_0^{x/2}[{(\sqrt{40000-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="z"\; filenames="A20051008310600071.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">z</figure-callout>}}^2}+10-\sqrt{{200}^2-{25}^2})}^2-{2.5}^2]\mathrm{dz}$

Equate V according to volume before and after the distortion ₁=V ₂, solving equation.Solving blank gets highly and is: x=44.077814 (mm).X=h in the formula gets H ₀=h+ (3～7) mm.Can get blank size as shown in Figure 5 by above formula.

Claims (3)

1. the processing method in a curve bus hole, its adopts open type cold extruding formation process, it is characterized in that it carries out according to following steps:

A. according to the constancy of volume principle, according to the contour dimension of the size Selection blank behind the Workpiece shaping, original blank height H ₀=h+3～7mm, h are according to the size of part, the blank height that the constancy of volume principle calculates;

B. according to the design shape of workpiece endoporus, select maximum gauge to be the punching parameter, process the through hole d of this diameter ₀

C. according to workpiece endoporus shaped design blank shape, establishing part endoporus bus equation is f (X), then selects original gabarit to be shaped as f (X) mirror phase curvilinear equation;

D. process this blank and mould, make die point (or claiming die working length) diameter D _MWith the blank maximum dimension D ₀Between satisfy following relational expression: D ₀-D _M=(0.14-0.18) D ₀

E. mould is installed on the hydraulic press, smears lubricant at blank, die surface, with blank with this mould extrusion modling;

F. the workpiece height and the external diameter of extrusion modling are processed, reached the final size requirement.

2. the processing method in curve bus according to claim 1 hole, it is characterized in that: described blank satisfies following relation: establish d ₀Be diameter of bore, D0 is blank maximum gauge, then d ₀/ D0=0.2～0.4.

3. the processing method in curve bus according to claim 1 and 2 hole is characterized in that: described Die Cone Angle 2a=15～25 °.

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