CN1690294A - Washing machine - Google Patents

Washing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1690294A
CN1690294A CN 200510067821 CN200510067821A CN1690294A CN 1690294 A CN1690294 A CN 1690294A CN 200510067821 CN200510067821 CN 200510067821 CN 200510067821 A CN200510067821 A CN 200510067821A CN 1690294 A CN1690294 A CN 1690294A
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China
Prior art keywords
brushless motor
temperature
washing
temperature protector
current
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CN 200510067821
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
石川俊一
大川友弘
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Hitachi Appliances Inc
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Hitachi Appliances Inc
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Publication of CN1690294A publication Critical patent/CN1690294A/en
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  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Abstract

This invention provides a washing machine in which a DC brushless motor is protected by a hard circuit which does not use a microcomputer, since the DC brushless motor is protected with softwares in a microcomputer in the conventional washing machine and the function of software protection with a microcomputer becomes impossible because of a runaway when there are malfunction and a runaway of the microcomputer according to source noise, internal noise and static electricity. The device protects a DC brushless motor 20a from overload and restraint independently of a microcomputer 40 when the microcomputer 40 makes a runaway. When overcurrent flows through the DC brushless motor 20a at the time of overload or restraint and the temperature rises, a temperature protector 51 installed in the outer circumference of a stator core which has a good heat conduction from a winding senses temperature of the winding, then, the electric current is blocked off.

Description

Washing machine
Technical field
The present invention relates to washing machine.
Background technology
In using the electrical equipment of motor, electrical power is had the phenomenon that locked cock that the rotation of motor stops takes place sometimes.Use in the electrical equipment of original DC (direct current) brushless electric machine, possess the rotational position sensor that is used to detect the motor rotation, when locked cock takes place, utilize rotational position sensor to detect the non-rotary situation of motor, disconnect drive current.In addition, at motor during, detect rotation number and the inconsistent situation of the detected rotation number of turn-sensitive device that the frequency of drive current produces, just disconnect drive current because of the undesired rotation of overload.The disconnection of this detection and driving power is carried out with micro computer.(for example, with reference to Japanese kokai publication hei 8-88993 communique).
Original electrical equipment is owing to utilize micro computer to carry out the protection of dc brushless motor by software, thereby the misoperation of micro computer own taking place because of power noise, interior noise and static or when out of control, the defencive function of micro computer is not worked.At this moment, abnormal current flows through motor, causes that the control of abnormal heating and the function that makes motor stop to protect do not work, so might damage motor or by motor-driven other places.Therefore, need not use micro computer and protect dc brushless motor etc. with hardware circuit.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to address the above problem; possessing: the control device of washing and dewatering groove, the dc brushless motor that drives above-mentioned washing and dewatering groove, the above-mentioned dc brushless motor of control; above-mentioned dc brushless motor possesses in the washing machine of stator core and the rotor that is located at said stator iron core inboard; it is characterized by, temperature protector is set in the periphery of said stator iron core.
In addition; the present invention is in order to address the above problem; possessing: the control device of washing and dewatering groove, the dc brushless motor that drives above-mentioned washing and dewatering groove, the above-mentioned dc brushless motor of control; above-mentioned dc brushless motor possesses in the washing machine of stator core and the rotor that is located at said stator iron core inboard; it is characterized by; periphery at the said stator iron core is provided with temperature protector, and the said temperature protector is the temperature protector of own fever type.
In addition; the present invention is in order to address the above problem; possessing: the washing and dewatering groove; drive the dc brushless motor of above-mentioned washing and dewatering groove; control the control device of above-mentioned dc brushless motor; above-mentioned dc brushless motor possesses in the washing machine of stator core and the rotor that is located at said stator iron core inboard; it is characterized by; the temperature protector that possesses abnormality of detecting and turn-off current; the said temperature keeping device perceives the electric current release mechanism and the heating mechanism of temperature and turn-off current fully, utilizes above-mentioned heating mechanism that temperature is risen gradually and makes above-mentioned electric current release mechanism action.
Adopt the present invention, owing to do not disconnect driving power, thereby, also can utilize hardware that the rotation of motor is stopped and carrying out the protection of the high direct current brush of reliability even in the micro computer misoperation or when out of control by micro computer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the profilograph of the washing dryer of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Fig. 2 represents from the figure of the stator of the being seen dc brushless motor in top.
Fig. 3 is the figure that displaying electric angle 120 is spent the "on" position of the electric current that flows through the DC Brushless Motor coiling when switching on.
Fig. 4 is the figure of "on" position of electric current that flows through the coiling of DC Brushless Motor when showing electric angle 180 degree energisings.
Fig. 5 shows the part sectioned view of the stator of DC Brushless Motor.
Fig. 6 is the part sectioned view of stator of the DC Brushless Motor of one embodiment of the present of invention.
The profilograph of the drive unit of Fig. 7 one embodiment of the present of invention.
Fig. 8 is the figure from the stator of the DC Brushless Motor of the being seen one embodiment of the present of invention of last face.
Fig. 9 is the block diagram of the basic driver circuit of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Figure 10 is the block diagram of the basic driver circuit of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Figure 11 is the figure of the temperature protector of one embodiment of the present of invention.
The figure that the temperature of coiling and temperature protector rose when Figure 12 was the displaying locked cock.
Figure 13 is the block diagram of the basic driver circuit of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Figure 14 changes the time of the output valve of the current value of one embodiment of the present of invention and integrating circuit.
Figure 15 changes the time of the output valve of the current value of one embodiment of the present of invention and integrating circuit.
Figure 16 changes the time of the output valve of the current value of comparative example and integrating circuit.
Among the figure:
3-washing and dewatering groove, 8-agitator, 20-drive division; the 20a-DC Brushless Motor, 22-control part, 29u-U phase terminal; the 29v-V phase terminal, 30w-W phase terminal, 42a, b, c-current detection circuit; the 32-coiling, 33-insulating materials, 36-filter circuit; the 37-rectification circuit; 38-power drive circuit, 40-micro computer, 41-drive circuit; 42-abnormality detection mechanism; the input of 43-electric current is read circuit, 44-integrating circuit, 45-comparison circuit; 46-three terminal bidirectional switch; the 51-temperature protector, 52-bimetallic, 54-heater.
The specific embodiment
Below, describe with reference to the embodiment of accompanying drawing based on scrubbing-and-drying unit embodiment of the present invention.Also have, the action of washing machine is owing to move in the same manner during with the washing of scrubbing-and-drying unit, thereby omits detailed explanation.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is the profilograph of the scrubbing-and-drying unit of one embodiment of the present of invention.Scrubbing-and-drying unit is supported on water jacket by the bight plate 21 at 4 angles on housing 1 top the inboard of housing 1 by four suspension rods 5.The compression spring 4 that on suspension rod 5, possesses the vibration when absorbing washing and dehydration.
Possess along roughly vertical turning cylinder rotation washing and dewatering groove 3 freely in the inside of water jacket 2.Possesses agitator 8 in the bottom surface of washing and dewatering groove 3.
The rotation of agitator 8 and washing and dewatering groove 3 is to be carried out at the DC Brushless Motor of drive division 20 inside (not shown go out), reduction gearing (not shown go out), washing dehydration switch clutch (not shown go out) by folding and unfolding, be controlled to agitator 8 rotations when washing, washing and dewatering groove 3 and agitator 8 rotate together when dehydration.Washings after washings after isolated dehydration liquid or washing finish from clothes by dehydration or rinsing finish are discharged to outside the washing machine from scupper hose 10 by the operation of drain solenoid valve 9.In addition, during dehydration,, be provided with the balance weight 12 that constitutes by synthetic resin etc. on the top of washing and dewatering groove 3 in order to reduce washing and dewatering groove 3 vibration that produced of rotation at a high speed.
Be provided with thickness in the bottom of washing machine water jacket 2 and be the metal base 27 about 1.6~3.2mm, drain solenoid valve 9 and drive division (comprising dc brushless motor) 20a, blowing fan 13 etc. are installed on this metal base 27.These actions are to be situated between by lead 28 energisings by the instruction of above-mentioned control part 22.In addition, on this base 27, ground wire 26 is installed.
In when washing, the user opens the enclosing cover 18 that is located at above the scrubbing-and-drying unit, opens the inner cap 19 that is located at above the water jacket 2 then, and washings 6 and lotion (not shown go out) are dropped in the washing and dewatering groove 3.Then, the instruction that the user begins to wash from operating portion (not shown go out) input according to the instruction of control part 22,, is supplied with to sink 3 in from water pipe and to be washed needed water with water supply electromagnetic valve 7 energisings washing.After supply water finishing, the instruction by control part 22 makes that the agitator 8 that is positioned at washing and dewatering groove 3 center bottom stops, positive and negative rotation to the left and right, is situated between to be washed by washings agitator treating thing 6.Then, washings are discharged to outside the scrubbing-and-drying unit, are situated between by washings agitator treating thing 6 with agitator 8 equally with washing stroke.Then, discharge washings, washing and dewatering groove 3 rotation at a high speed, the moisture that utilizes centrifugal force to make to be contained in the washings 6 is deviate from from the dewatering hole 11 of the side of washing and dewatering groove 3.Then, supply with washings once more washings 6 is stirred, discharge washings, finish rinse cycle.After the drift ice stroke, stroke dewaters.In the dehydration stroke, carry out the dehydration action identical, but set dewatering time longlyer with the dehydration in the drift ice stroke.By dehydration the moisture that is contained in the washings 6 is reduced, this is in order to make washings rapid draing.After the dehydration stroke finished, washing finished.
In case washing finishes,, just automatically forward dry trip to having selected to carry out dry occasion.In dry trip, after the moisture of washings 6 has been removed in high speed rotation by washing and dewatering groove 3 fully, slow-speed of revolution rotation about making sink 3 with about 40rpm on one side makes washings 6 dryings Yi Bian dry heated airflow is crossed in the washing and dewatering groove 3.Utilize the running of blowing fan 13 to make the air in the water jacket 2 mobile like that as shown by arrows in peripheral passage 14, blow in sink 3 from water jacket 2 and circulate.Be provided with heater 15 in the way of peripheral passage 14 and near discharge opening, the air of being sent by blowing fan 13 utilizes heater 15 heating and is become warm braw, is sent to make washings 6 dryings in the washing and dewatering groove 3.
In addition, the humidity of the warm braw of washings 6 dryings is uprised, even owing to make the long-time circulation of the high warm braw of humidity can not make washings 6 dryings, so in peripheral passage 14, be provided for reducing the mechanism of humidity.Open the condensing water supply electromagnetic valve 17 of using based on the information that is located at the temperature sensor 16 on the peripheral passage 14, be situated between by flexible hose 23 14 interior water fillings toward peripheral passages.The water injection rate of this moment is about 3L/ minute.The cold water that injects touches the surface of the metal making sheet 24 of 14 inside, peripheral passage.Steam in the high humility warm braw is because of carrying out heat exchange by the surface of this metal making sheet 24, condense into moisture and fall the below, simultaneously, the circulation warm braw becomes and contains the few air of moisture, be dried by heater 15 and become warm braw, on delivering to washings 6 in the washing and dewatering groove 3 from warm braw discharge opening 25, once more washings is carried out drying.
When drying, make 3 rotations of washing and dewatering groove with the slow-speed of revolution about about 40rpm as mentioned above, after the drying, because only the rotation of washing and dewatering groove 3 can cause the uneven drying of washings 6, so stop the rotation of washing and dewatering groove 3 frequently, make positive and negative the transferring in agitator 8 left and right sides blow warm braw and carry out drying.
Secondly, based on Fig. 2 the stator 20b of DC Brushless Motor 20a is described.Fig. 2 is the stator 20b of the being seen inner rotor type DC brushless motor 20a from top.Rotor (not shown go out) is provided with the magnet that equates with number of poles in its periphery, is positioned at the central portion of stator 20b and installs.The DC Brushless Motor 20a of present embodiment has ten utmost points, is provided with 10 magnet in the periphery of rotor.Coiling 32 has been twined with the block that is divided into 12 teeth in inboard at stator 20b.This coiling is connected with U terminal 29u, V terminal 29v, W terminal 29w.Coiling 32 Jie enclosed by the tooth rim that insulating materials 20d is wrapped in stator core 20c.U-V-W is followed successively by the order of V-V-U-U-W-W-V-V-U-U-W-W mutually left.In addition, the coiling of V phase is a starting point with V terminal 29v, twines coiling 32v1, with the coiling 32v2 of the tooth adjacent with the reverse winding of coiling 32v1.Then, on the week by stator 20b, oppositely twine coiling 32v3,32v4 each other, arrive neutral terminal 33.Similarly, the coiling of U phase, W phase forms 4 coiling 32u1~4, coiling 32w1~4, until neutral terminal 33 also respectively from U terminal 29u, V terminal 29w.
Secondly, with reference to Fig. 3, Fig. 4 the "on" position of the electric current of the coiling 32 of flowing through dc brushless motor 20a is described.
Shown in Figure 3 is the state that electric current flows in the coiling 32 of DC Brushless Motor 20a when with 120 step modes of spending electric angles U-V-W being wound the line energising mutually.When being running, 120 degree electric angle step modes switch on such U terminal 29u, V terminal 29v, W terminal 29w shown in the arrow respectively to DC Brushless Motor 20a.Specifically, be to switch on the order of a:U → V, b:U → W, c:V → W, d:V → U, e:W → U, f:W → V.Even also the reiteration with a to f is switched on when overload.In addition, the locked cock that the rotor of motor 20a stops to take place sometimes.Locked cock is by the power from the outside agitator 8 that rotates because of motor 20a or the rotation of washing and dewatering groove 3 to be stopped, and the instability of power drive circuit 32 etc. causes.When locked cock, electric current flows through between the line of each phase.Specifically, electric current flows through the some coilings between U-V, V-W, W-U.
Shown in Figure 4 is the state that electric current flows in the coiling 32 of DC Brushless Motor 20a when with 180 step modes of spending electric angles U-V-W being wound the line energising mutually.180 degree electric angle step modes are respectively with such to U phase terminal 29u, the V phase terminal 29v of DC Brushless Motor 20a, the mode that W phase terminal 29w switches on shown in the arrow.At first, wind the line 32u mutually to V 32v and the W 32w switch on (g, h) that winds the line mutually that winds the line mutually from being connected to U on the U phase terminal 29u.Secondly, carry out switching on (i, j) to U 32u and the V 32v that winds the line mutually that winds the line mutually, wind the line 32v mutually to U wind the line the mutually control (k, l) of direction energising of 32w of 32u and W that winds the line mutually from being connected to V on the V phase terminal 29v then from being connected to W on the W phase terminal 29w 32w that winds the line mutually.In 180 whens energising degree, wound the line 32v, W when winding the line the 32w energising mutually from the U 32u that winds the line mutually mutually to V, and the size of electric current is to flow through V 32v, W wind the line mutually half of electric current of 32u of 32w and U that wind the line mutually that wind the line mutually.In addition, wind the line mutually 32v when energising to wind the line mutually 32u, V of U from the W 32w that winds the line mutually, the size of electric current is to flow through U 32u, V wind the line mutually half of electric current of 32w of 32v and W that wind the line mutually that wind the line mutually.Equally, wind the line mutually 32w when energising to wind the line mutually 32u, W of U from the V 32v that winds the line mutually, the ratio of electric current is to flow through U 32u, W wind the line mutually half of electric current of 32v of 32w and V that wind the line mutually that wind the line mutually.When overload, though the electric current increase, also with mobile with same usually order.When unusually locked cock taking place because of some when dc brushless motor 20a turns round, overcurrent flows through coiling 32 and becomes superheat state, but because of mainly with which coiling 32 serve as the state of main energising by locked cock, flow through the ratio difference of each electric current that winds the line.
Arbitrary occasion in 120 degree energisings, 180 degree energisings, because the rotation number of rotor reduces when overload, because of rotor rotation produces to wind the line 32 contraryly play reducing of electric power, so it is bigger when common to flow through 32 the current ratio of respectively winding the line, the temperature rising of stator 28.In addition, when locked cock, also because same reason electric current becomes big, the temperature of stator 28 rises.To this, when overload or locked cock take place, need detect this situation motor 20a is stopped, preventing the fault that motor 20a causes because of high temperature.
In the present embodiment, carry out overload and locked cock by detected temperatures.In case as the temperature testing organization employing is the temperature protector 51 that the temperature rising just disconnects the electric current that flows through circuit.
Fig. 5 is the profile of the stator 28 of dc brushless motor.Coiling 32 is between insulating materials 33 and be wrapped in each and go up mutually.Built-in coiling 32 is owing to the very little permutation volume in gap that is difficult to make when twining, and feasible coiling 32 upper faces are uneven.If when temperature protector 51 is installed in the big coiling of this concavo-convex fluctuating 32 upper face portions; gapped between can and winding the line above 32 at temperature protector 51; the temperature on 32 surfaces of winding the line can not be delivered to temperature protector rapidly because of the air adiabatic effect that produces concavo-convex space, and the surface temperature of coiling 32 and the detected temperatures of temperature protector 51 produce very big error.Therefore, as the mechanism that the excessive temperature of the coiling 32 that prevents dc brushless motor 20a rises, be difficult to install temperature protector 51 prevent to wind the line 32 excessive temperature and rise.
Fig. 6 is the part sectioned view of stator 28 of the DC Brushless Motor 20a of present embodiment.In the present embodiment, temperature protector 51 is installed in the outer circumferential side of stator 20b.Be transmitted to temperature protector 51 by heat Jie that coiling 32 is produced by stator core 20c, temperature protector 51 detects overload or locked cock, disconnects the electric current that flows through motor 20a.Stator core 20c is metal, and pyroconductivity is good, and in addition, periphery is smooth, owing to can make it closely to contact with temperature protector 51, so 32 the temperature of winding the line is transmitted to temperature protector 51 well.
The profile that shown in Figure 7 is when on drive division shown in Figure 1 20 temperature protector 51 being installed.Reduction gear component 83 and dc brushless motor 20a are installed on metal base 27.Dc brushless motor 20a side central part within it has rotor rotated 20e, U phase, V phase, W phase power supply is supplied with the coiling 32 of dc brushless motor 20a from power drive circuit 38.In the bottom of dc brushless motor 20a by cover 20f to wind the line 32 and rotor 20e protect.Coiling 32 is installed on the stator 28a by insulating materials 20d.Being rotated in when washing of rotor 20e removed clutch 84 by operated clutch bar 80, and only the gear in the gear assembly is made the rotation that is decelerated be delivered to P axle 82 rotations of agitator 8 by transmission.In when dehydration,, make gear unit 83 whole rotations and be delivered to main shaft 81 by operated clutch bar 80 clutch engagement.This main shaft 81 is connected with washing and dewatering groove 3, washing and dewatering groove 3 is rotated at a high speed dewater.Temperature protector 51 is situated between and is installed on the sidewall of stator 20b of dc brushless motor 20a by cover 20f, has from the rise function of protection coiling 32 of temperature anomaly.Also have, stator core 20c since with from wind the line 32 heat conductivity and other parts than better, so there is the cover 20f of steel plate system also not have the problem of detection sensitivity thereon.Temperature protector 51 dispels the heat and lacks by to fix beyond the resin cover covering stator iron core 20b side as adiabatic mechanism, and action is fast.In addition, the outer periderm box 20f of stator 20b surrounds, but the contact portion of iron core does not directly contact passable because heat is conducted yet with periphery.
One embodiment of the present of invention are; control device 22 at the dc brushless motor 20a that possesses washing and dewatering groove 3, driving washing and dewatering groove 3, control dc brushless motor 20a; dc brushless motor 20a possesses stator core 20c, is located at the rotor of stator core 20c inboard in the washing machine of (not shown go out); it is characterized in that, be provided with temperature protector 51 in the periphery of stator core 20c.
By this structure, the temperature conduction that can make coiling 32 is to stator core 20c, and guiding temperature protector 51 carries out temperature detection.Because stator core 20c 32 closely contacts with temperature protector 51 with winding the line, so 32 the temperature of winding the line is transmitted to temperature protector 51 well.In addition, owing to be not but protect dc brushless motor, so even control device 22 generation misoperations or out of controlly also can protect with hardware with control device 22.
Fig. 8 is from the being seen figure that possesses the stator 20b of temperature protector 51 of upside.In 120 whens energising degree, as previously mentioned, U 32u, V 32v, the W 32w that winds the line mutually that winds the line mutually that winds the line is mutually carried out integration with the time, electric current of coiling is roughly the same mutually to flow through each.Therefore, each 32 intensification similarly that wind the line.In addition, when overload, the throughflow of electric current increases, but because the order that electric current flows through is identical, and 32u, V 32v, the W 32w that winds the line mutually that winds the line mutually heats up equally thereby U winds the line mutually.In addition, when locked cock, electric current flows through some coilings of U-V, V-W, W-U.Therefore, U wind the line mutually 32v, the W of 32u, V that wind the line mutually winds the line among the 32w mutually, has to monitor the temperature of two coilings.If in the U periphery that 32u and V wind the line in the middle of the 32v mutually that winds the line mutually temperature protector 51a is set, owing to just can monitor the temperature of the coiling 32 of two phases with a temperature protector 51a, so get final product with a temperature protector 51.
In addition, in 180 whens energising degree, as previously mentioned, when normal and overload, it is roughly the same to flow through U 32u, V wind the line the mutually electric current of 32w of 32v, W that winds the line mutually that winds the line mutually.But, when locked cock,, flow through the ratio difference of 32 the current value of respectively winding the line because of which coiling 32 to serve as the state locked cock of main energising with.For example, 32u winds the line 32v and W when because of the misoperation of control device locked cock taking place when winding the line the 32w energising mutually mutually to V winding the line mutually from U, flow through wind the line the mutually electric current of 32u of U and be about and flow through V wind the line the mutually twice of electric current of 32w of 32v, W that winds the line mutually, wind the line the mutually heating of 32u of U becomes big.In addition, wind the line mutually that 32u and W wind the line the 32w energising mutually and when locked cock takes place to U, wind the line the mutually heating maximum of 32v of V at the 32v that winds the line mutually from V.Like this, owing to can not judge which coiling heating maximum of 32, so have to monitor the temperature of the coiling 32 of 3 phases.In the present embodiment, U 32u and V temperature protector 51a, the V of the periphery in the middle of the 32v wind the line the mutually temperature protector 51b of the periphery in the middle of the 32w of 32v and W that winds the line mutually that winds the line mutually that winds the line mutually is set.Like this, monitor U 32u, V wind the line the mutually temperature of these three temperature protectors 32 of 32w of 32v, W that winds the line mutually that winds the line mutually, can detect the rising of temperature with two temperature protectors 51.Also have, at least one periphery in the middle of the coiling of two phases among two temperature protectors 51 gets final product.For example, in wind the line the mutually periphery of 32w of W the temperature that temperature protector 51b also can detect the coiling 32 of 3 phases is set.
One embodiment of the present of invention are characterised in that to possess two temperature protectors 51, at least one U that is located at stator 20b 32u, V wind the line mutually periphery between the coiling 32 of certain two phase among the 32w of 32v, W that winds the line mutually that winds the line mutually.
By this structure, can monitor the temperature of the coiling 32 of 3 phases with two temperature protectors 51.
Fig. 9 is the calcspar that is provided with the basic driver circuit of the dc brushless motor 20a that is used to prevent the temperature protector 51 that excessive temperature rises.Power supply 34 is connected on the AC100V, in case power switch 35 is connected, just to drive circuit supply power electric current.The source current that is supplied to flows through the filter circuit 36 by power line noise and aerial electric wave noise, changes to direct current with rectification circuit 37 from interchange, is supplied to power drive circuit 38.Power drive circuit 38 has the IGBT element circuitry, DC current is transformed into 32 the waveform electric current of respectively winding the line of supplying with dc brushless motor 20a.Micro computer 40 carries out the running control of dc brushless motor 20a by control power drive circuit 38.In addition, when the rotation control of dc brushless motor 20a, the rotation number of rotor 20e is read micro computer 40, be rotated several control by signal from Hall IC 39.
In addition, are the alternating current input driving circuits 41 that have been cut off by filter circuit 36 noises as the running of scrubbing-and-drying unit being driven necessary washing with the drive current employing of water supply electromagnetic valve 7 and condensing electric components such as blowing fan 13 during with water supply electromagnetic valve 17, drain solenoid valve 9, dry operating.This drive current is supplied to each electric component according to the instruction of micro computer 40 from drive circuit 41, and each electric component is controlled.
Shown in Figure 11 (a), temperature protector 51 uses bimetallic 52 as switch.Bimetallic is to make two metallic plate 52a, 52b fights, and the thermal coefficient of expansion that constitutes the metal of metallic plate 52a, 52b is that the thermal coefficient of expansion of metallic plate 52a is bigger than metallic plate 52b's.In case the temperature of temperature protector 51 rises, two metal 52a, 52b constituting bimetallic 52 are just crooked because of the difference of thermal coefficient of expansion, and switch is disconnected and turn-off current.
As shown in Figure 9, in circuit, insert the position of temperature protector 51 between filter circuit 36 and rectification circuit.The wiring of power drive circuit 38 is owing to comprise the interior noise that many whens action produce, thereby disconnects and make the interior noise of power drive circuit 38 be difficult to get back to power line by being connected to filter circuit 36 backs.
In addition, in flowing through high-tension circuit, bimetallic 52 is little with the distance that switch terminal 53 leaves, and electric current just conducts in air and flows.For anti-phenomenon here, though there is the action that makes bimetallic 52 to become big, make the countermeasure of the contact area increase of bimetallic 52 and switch terminal 53, can produce temperature protector 51 and maximize problems such as cost rising.In the present embodiment, temperature protector 51 is configured in the position that AC power flows through between filter circuit and the rectification circuit.Adopt exchanging is because voltage changes always, is that 1 point that intersects of OV is easy to turn-off current at voltage.Therefore, when same turn-off current, AC power can make temperature protector 51 miniaturizations easilier than dc source, thereby improves reliability.In addition, owing to the disconnection of electric current is not undertaken by micro computer 40, so, also can protect dc brushless motor 20a by turn-off current even because of micro computers such as power noise or static 40 misoperations or out of control.
One embodiment of the present of invention are characterised in that to possess the filter circuit 36 of filtering noise and the rectification circuit 37 that exchange conversion is become direct current, and temperature protector 51 is connected between filter circuit 36 and the rectification circuit 37.
By this structure,,, can adopt the temperature protector 51 of small inexpensive so electric current is easy to disconnect because temperature protector 51 is connected with alternating current circuit.In addition, when turn-off current, be difficult to make the interior noise of power drive circuit 38 to return power line.
Figure 10 is provided with of the present invention other to be used to prevent the calcspar of basic driver circuit of the dc brushless motor 20a of the temperature protector 51 that excessive temperature rises.In this drive circuit, temperature protector 51a is connected to the V phase, temperature protector 51b is connected to the U phase.In 120 whens energising degree, locked cock takes place, U-V mutually between or V-W when flowing through overcurrent between mutually, the V 32v2 heating that winds the line mutually, temperature protector 51a perceives heating, flows through the electric current of V phase by disconnection, and dc brushless motor 20a is stopped.When U-W flows through overcurrent between mutually, U 32u2 and the W 32w2 heating that winds the line mutually that winds the line mutually, temperature protector 51b perceives heating, disconnects the electric current that flows through the U phase.In addition, in 180 whens energising degree, the occasion of locked cock takes place, when V phase caloric value is big, temperature protector 51a perceive V wind the line mutually 32v2 heating and disconnect the electric current that flows through the V phase.When U phase caloric value is big, temperature protector 51b perceive U wind the line mutually 32u2 heating and disconnect the electric current that flows through the U phase.In the big occasion of V phase caloric value, at first, temperature protector 51b perceive W wind the line mutually 32w1 heating and disconnect the electric current that flows through the U phase.Then and since electric current flow through V-W mutually between, perceive wind the line the mutually heating of 32v2 of V by temperature protector 51a and disconnect the electric current that flows through the V phase, dc brushless motor 20a is stopped.
When if temperature protector 51 is own fever type, being quick on the draw of temperature protector 51.So-called own fever type temperature protector 51; be in the temperature protector 51 shown in Figure 11 (a); metallic plate 52a, 52b to bimetallic 52 use highly-resistant material as heating arrangement, like that, make in the heater 54 and ensconce in the temperature protector 51 shown in Figure 11 (b).
In original temperature protector, reduce resistance in order to reduce the wastage, heating also diminishes.Like this, when temperature protector becomes high temperature, turn-off current, if but the heat of device can not conduct well, reaction is just very slow.In addition, also has the temperature protector that overcurrent is had the function of turn-off current.In this temperature protector, when heavy current flow through, bimetallic generated heat in the short time, came turn-off current because of this heating disconnects bimetallic switch.The current settings that causes disconnection is about 5~10 times of the electric current that flows through usually.
Current value when in washing machine overload or locked cock taking place is about the twice of common current value.When dc brushless motor 20a running beginning, flow through the electric current about common twice sometimes.Washing machine makes the positive and negative rotation of dc brushless motor 20a when washing, when positive and negative rotation, just change, can flow through heavy current when reversing in beginning sometimes.When coming turn-off current with the current value of common twice, fearness can overload take place not or locked cock but disconnects because of misoperation.In addition, because the operating temperature of bimetallic 52 is also set very lowly, thereby can worry that temperature causes misoperation when raising.
To this, in the present invention, possess heating arrangement and electric current release mechanism at temperature protector 51, when overload or locked cock generation, make the heating arrangements action with the electric current that increases, temperature is risen make the action of electric current release mechanism.What is called makes temperature rise gradually and is meant up to the action of electric current release mechanism, spends one minute at least temperature is risen.Wish to adopt bimetallic 52 as the electric current release mechanism.Come turn-off current to be because cost is low by temperature, reliability is also high.In addition, wish the material of bimetallic 52 is adopted highly-resistant material or heater 54 as heating arrangements.This is the reason that just can possess owing to easily.
One embodiment of the present of invention are characterised in that; possessing washing and dewatering groove 3, driving in the washing machine of control device 22 of dc brushless motor 20a, control dc brushless motor 20a of washing and dewatering groove 3; possesses the abnormality of detection and the temperature protector 51 of turn-off current; temperature protector 51 possesses electric current release mechanism and the heating mechanism that sense temperature is come turn-off current, by heating mechanism temperature is risen gradually and makes the action of electric current release mechanism.
By this structure, even smaller overcurrent also can be detected and turn-off current by temperature protector 51.In addition, even the excessive also turn-off current not of extracurrent can make washing machine turn round continuously.
In addition, one embodiment of the present of invention are characterised in that the electric current release mechanism is a bimetallic 52, and heating mechanism is bimetallic 52 or heater 54.
By this structure, can make the high temperature protector of the present invention 51 of reliability with low cost.
Temperature protector 51 is located at the stator core 20c periphery of dc brushless motor 20a.By making temperature protector 51 and dc brushless motor 20a thermo-contact, utilize electric current and motor temperature the two, the temperature of temperature protector 51 is risen, can carry out the detection of overload or locked cock etc.In addition, the place beyond the place that contacts with dc brushless motor 20a of temperature protector 51 is provided with resin cover 55 as adiabatic mechanism, also is easy to put aside heat.
One embodiment of the present of invention are characterised in that, temperature protector 51 and dc brushless motor 20a thermally coupled.
Adopt this structure, the heat that electric current produces coincide with the temperature of the coiling 32 that is transmitted to stator core, and overload or locked cock by detecting motor 20a can make being quick on the draw of temperature protector 51.
In addition, one embodiment of the present of invention are characterised in that temperature protector 51 has heat-shield mechanism 55.
Adopt this structure, the heat that temperature protector 51 can make heating mechanism send rests in the temperature protector 51, can be easy to carry out unusual detection.
Figure 12 is a temperature rising value of measuring coiling 32 by the current value of the dc brushless motor 20a that flows through present embodiment and the relation of conduction time.
Usually, flow through electric current about 3~4A in the coiling.Concerning scrubbing-and-drying unit, have cloth load sometimes and depart from and become overload.In addition, enter between agitator 8 and the sink 3 at foreign matter sometimes and also can cause locked cock.Owing to produce the contrary electric power that rises in coiling 32, the electric current that flows through diminishes dc brushless motor 20a when rotated, but because overload or locked cock, that is, the rotation of agitator 8 reduces and when stopping, the contrary electric power that rises reduces until not producing, and heavy current flows through.At this moment,, detect electric current, limit electric current by current limiter by current detection circuit 48 in order to suppress electric current.
60 of Figure 12 is temperature of coiling 32, the 63rd, and the temperature of the temperature protector 51 of stator periphery, the 61st, the temperature of the temperature protector 51 of own fever type.6 amperes electric current of the about twice when flowing through common running in coiling 32, the surface temperature of coiling 32 reached 200 ℃ in about 8 minutes.But because insulating materials 20d is between coiling 32, the thermal conduction of heat that the temperature 44 of stator 28 sides is sent is bad, 32 surpasses 200 ℃ even wind the line, and temperature protector also only rises to 50 ℃.Therefore, detect the occasion that temperature rises, be set at the temperature step-down of disconnection 32 the energising of winding the line with original temperature protector.When the temperature protector 51 that adopts with this low temperature action, big in order to make to the action quantitative change of the variations in temperature of bimetallic 52, and make and raise because of maximization causes cost.In addition, operating temperature is low, since approaching with outside air temperature, on the date that temperature is high misoperation just takes place easily, even can worry the problem that dc brushless motor 20a normal operating current also is disconnected.
When using own fever type temperature protector, when the surface temperature of coiling 32 reached 20 ℃, the temperature of temperature protector 51 rose to 180 ℃ because of the influence of oneself generating heat.In addition, when the surface temperature of coiling 32 was 100 ℃, the temperature of temperature protector 51 was 90 ℃.
When using the E insulator as insulating materials 20d, the allowable temperature on 32 surfaces that wind the line reaches 115 ℃.Because overload part T is generally about 35 ℃ when using polyester as the insulating materials of coiling, thus the operating temperature of temperature protector 51 set for coiling be 120 ℃ about 110 ℃ just passable.In this temperature protector, make bimetallic 52 be small-sized also abundant turn-off current.In addition, because big with the difference of the operating temperature of outside air temperature, the temperature height is difficult to cause misoperation.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, utilize the current value that flows through motor to detect overload or locked cock.
Figure 13 is the calcspar of basic driver circuit of the current value of the U phase utilizing the current detecting mechanism 42 of present embodiment to detect to flow through dc brushless motor 20a, V phase, W phase.Power supply 34 is connected to AC100V, in case connect power switch 35, just to circuit supply power electric current.The source current that is supplied to flows through the filter circuit 36 by power line noise and aerial electric wave noise, changes to direct current with rectification circuit 37 from interchange, is supplied to power drive circuit 38.Power drive circuit 38 has IGBT element circuitry (not shown go out), DC current is transformed into 32 the waveform electric current of respectively winding the line of supplying with dc brushless motor 20a.Micro computer 40 is supplied with the dc brushless motor 20a control of turning round to the power supply that has carried out energising control with 120 degree or 180 degree electric angles by control power drive circuit 38.In addition, when the rotation control of dc brushless motor 20a, the rotation number of rotor 20e is read micro computer 40, be rotated several control by signal from Hall IC 39.
In addition, is to be connected to drive circuit 41 from filter circuit 36 as the running of scrubbing-and-drying unit being driven necessary washing with the drive controlling of water supply electromagnetic valve 7 and condensing blowing fan 13 during with water supply electromagnetic valve 17, drain solenoid valve 9, dry operating etc., by the instruction of micro computer 40, suitably control based on the running stroke.Dc brushless motor 20a is supplied with U phase 29u, V phase 29v, W phase 29w respectively from power drive circuit 38.In addition, U phase, V phase, W are distinguished attached current detection circuit 30u, 30v, 30w mutually, the current value of each phase that these current detection circuits 30 obtain enters the electric current input and reads circuit 43, with the fixed time read current value repeatedly to dc brushless motor 20a energising, be input to next integrating circuit 44.At integrating circuit 44, with respect to conduction time current value be transfused to and integration.
Threshold value is set, and the mode of turn-off current when the peak value of current value surpasses threshold value even the short-time current increase also has to run well, is difficult to be used on the machine.The integrating circuit 44 of present embodiment plays the effect of the low-frequency filter that current value is averaged, and can normally move the locked cock of short time.The output valve of 45 pairs of integrating circuit 44 of comparison circuit and fixed threshold value compare.As previously mentioned, when dc brushless motor 20a produces overload or locked cock, increase owing to flow through the electric current of dc brushless motor 20a, so the output valve of integrating circuit 44 increases.When output valve surpasses threshold value, signal is delivered to three terminal bidirectional switch 46.The three terminal bidirectional switch 46 that receives signal becomes the state of disconnection, and the power supply supply to dc brushless motor 20a is stopped.Used three terminal bidirectional switch 46 in the present invention, but also can adopt the structure that when disconnecting driving side, contact is disconnected by relay as the electric current disconnect method.In addition, also can directly disconnect the little machine of current capacity with triode.In addition, make the position of turn-off current between filter circuit 36 and rectification circuit.Because the wiring of power drive circuit 38 comprises many interior noises that produce when action, thereby make the interior noise of power drive circuit 38 be difficult to get back to power line by being connected to filter circuit 36 back disconnections.
One embodiment of the present of invention are characterised in that, control device 22 at the dc brushless motor 20a that possesses washing and dewatering groove 3, driving washing and dewatering groove 3, control dc brushless motor 20a, make motor 20a just change alternately, reverse in the washing machine that washs, possess different with controlling organization 40, carry out the abnormality detection mechanism 42 of abnormality detection by the current value that flows through motor 20a, abnormality detection mechanism 42 possesses the comparison circuit 45 that the electric current that reads in is carried out the integrating circuit 44 of integration, the output and the threshold value of integrating circuit 44 compared.
Adopt this structure, owing to be not but protect dc brushless motor 20a, so even controlling organization 40 generation misoperations or out of controlly also can protect with hardware with controlling organization 40.In addition, the increase Fails To Respond to short-time current can normally turn round continuously.
In addition, one embodiment of the present of invention are characterised in that, possess filtering noise filter circuit 36, interchange is become the rectification circuit 37 of direct current, motor 20a is dc brushless motor 20a, abnormality detection mechanism is detecting when unusual turn-off current between filter circuit 36 and rectification circuit 37.
Adopt this structure, when turn-off current, the interior noise of power drive circuit 38 is difficult to return power line.
In addition, one embodiment of the present of invention are characterised in that, are provided for the three terminal bidirectional switch 46 of turn-off current between filter circuit 36 and rectification circuit 37.
Adopt this structure, even flow through also can turn-off current for heavy current.
When electric current increases the amount of time, which kind of degree of which kind of degree, whether making running stop to depend on the time constant of integrated value and the threshold value of comparison circuit 45.For example, make the time constant of integrating circuit 44 become big, because the increase of output valve is slow with respect to the increase reaction of input value, so the increase of the output valve when short-time current increases is few, concerning the electric current of short time increases, can turn-off current.In addition, it is big that threshold value becomes, and the output of integrating circuit 44 must not be constant big, can turn-off current.
Shown in Figure 14 is flows through the relation of the integrated value of conduction time of coiling 32 of U phase, V phase, W phase and current value and conduction time and current value when running usually.In Figure 14 (a), it is big that current value 65 becomes for the moment, but current value 65 reduces immediately.And the output 66 of integrating circuit 44 increases, but because the time that current value 65 increases is short, so 66 increases of the output of integrating circuit 44 a bit, owing to littler than pre-set threshold, does not still carry out common running so driving power does not disconnect.The variation of this current value 65 can be observed when the startup of for example dc brushless motor 20a.When heavy current temporarily flows through, but with integrating circuit 44 integrations, because the integrated value 66 of electric current is littler than pre-set threshold 67, so do not disconnect driving power, motor 20a turns round without barrier.
The occasion of Figure 14 (b) is a motor because of certain fault is in the occasion of the state of locked cock, and the electric current that flows through each phase increases, and the output valve 69 of integrating circuit 44 surpasses threshold value 70.In this occasion, overcurrent flows through in certain coiling 32 of U phase, V phase, W phase, and the surface temperature of coiling 32 rises rapidly, because coiling 32 is overheated unusually, so have the danger that dc brushless motor 20a breaks down.Therefore, surpass threshold value 70, just signal is delivered to three terminal bidirectional switch 46, stop the electric power of dc brushless motor 20a is supplied with in case comparison circuit 45 detects output valve 69.
In the washing stroke or the rinsing action of rinsing stroke of scrubbing-and-drying unit in washing running, the rotating that makes agitator 8 just change, stop, reversing and so on, dc brushless motor 20a also carries out positive and negative rotation together.Therefore, even in the occasion that overload or locked cock take place, when the direction counter-rotating of rotation, also often remove overload or locked cock.For example, overload produces because of the deflection of the center of gravity of washings 6, but when the rotation counter-rotating of agitator 8, the mass centre changing of washings 6, overload is disengaged.Locked cock is clipped between agitator 8 and the washing and dewatering groove 3 at washings 6 and takes place, and because of the counter-rotating of agitator 8, washings 6 is pulled out between agitator 8 and washing and dewatering groove 3, and locked cock is disengaged.In addition, locked cock is the undesired mobile reason of electric current, but when making dc brushless motor 20a counter-rotating, owing to stop energising, the bat electric current that stops to switch on is normally flowed, and locked cock is disengaged.Therefore, when overload or locked cock take place,, also can remove even the action of scrubbing-and-drying unit does not stop.
Figure 15 accepts above-mentioned problem, prolongs the embodiment of the time constant of integrating circuit 44.When washing, the do action of agitator just to change → to stop → reversing → stop in the present embodiment, makes integration circuit time constant become big, makes anomaly detection time longer than the time of a forward or reverse.
In Figure 15 (a), shown is, and washings 6 is clipped between agitator 8 and the washing and dewatering groove 3 produces locked cock, and agitator 8 counter-rotatings are come out washings and returned when running well, and the time of current value 71 changes.Because locked cock takes place when just changeing, so the current value 71a when just changeing rises, the output valve 72 of integrating circuit 44 also rises.But, during counter-rotating since locked cock be disengaged, so the current value 71b in when counter-rotating reduce because the output valve 72 of integrating circuit 44 descends less than threshold value 73, so the power supply of dc brushless motor 20a is not stopped.
When being diminished, this and the time constant that makes integrating circuit 44 shown in Figure 16 compare.In the present embodiment, current value 71 is identical with above-mentioned Figure 15 (a).Locked cock takes place when just changeing, and current value 71a rises, and the output valve 75 of integrating circuit 44 also rises.Because time constant is little, output valve 75 rises rapidly, and output valve 75 surpasses threshold value 73, and dc brushless motor 20a is stopped.If dc brushless motor 20a is stopped, utilizing the counter-rotating of rotation to remove locked cock, current value 71b flows through and running normally.The time constant of integrating circuit 44 is reduced,, can not carry out the releasing of overload or locked cock, the increased frequency that dc brushless motor 20a is stopped by the counter-rotating of rotation owing to before overload or locked cock occur to the rotation counter-rotating, stop.
In addition, Figure 16 (b) obtains when very big in the time constant that makes integrating circuit 44, and washings 6 is clipped between agitator 8 and the washing and dewatering groove 3 and causes locked cock, the example when agitator 8 counter-rotating locked cocks are not disengaged yet.Because locked cock takes place, so the current value 74a when just changeing rises, the output valve 75 of integrating circuit 44 also rises when just changeing.And, stopping or reversing can not remove locked cock the time, owing to also be the locked cock state when dc brushless motor 20a is reversed, current value 74b is very high, the output valve 75 of integrating circuit 44 further rises, exceeded threshold 77.Then, dc brushless motor 20a is stopped.
Like this, the present invention becomes big by the time constant that makes integrating circuit 44, owing to can remove overload or locked cock by dc brushless motor 20a or agitator 8 counter-rotatings, thus the number of times that dc brushless motor 20a is stopped to reduce.When locked cock, 180~200 ℃ of needs that the temperature of coiling owing to reach is smoldered 1~2 minute take place to get final product with interior disconnection driving power in one minute so time constant and threshold value set for from locked cock.
One embodiment of the present of invention are characterised in that, possessing washroom drench pit 3, drive the motor 20a of washing and dewatering groove 3, the controlling organization 40 of control motor 20a, motor 20a is just changeed alternately, in the washing machine that counter-rotating is washed, possess the utilization that is different from controlling organization 40 and flow through the abnormality detection mechanism 42 that the current value of motor 20a carries out abnormality detection, abnormality detection mechanism 42 possesses the electric current that is taken into is carried out the integrating circuit 44 of integration and the comparison circuit 45 that the output and the threshold value of integrating circuit 44 compared, and abnormality detection mechanism 42 is unusual longer to the time of a forward or reverse that detects unusual time ratio motor 20 from taking place.
Adopt this structure,,, reduce the number of times that motor 20a is stopped owing to waiting for the releasing of the counter-rotating of rotation slightly even when overload or locked cock take place, do not shut down at once.
Also have, in two above embodiment, be illustrated, but be used to not have the washing machine of functions/drying also can with scrubbing-and-drying unit.In addition, being used in to possess in the washing and dewatering groove has the so-called upright type washing machine of agitator to be illustrated, but be used for not having agitator the positive and negative so-called tumbling-box washing machine that washs that transfers of washing and dewatering groove also can.

Claims (8)

1. washing machine possesses:
The washing and dewatering groove,
Drive described washing and dewatering groove dc brushless motor,
Control the control device of described dc brushless motor,
Described dc brushless motor possesses stator core and is located at the rotor of described stator core inboard, it is characterized in that,
Periphery at described stator core is provided with temperature protector.
2. washing machine possesses:
The washing and dewatering groove,
Drive described washing and dewatering groove dc brushless motor,
Control the control device of described dc brushless motor,
Described dc brushless motor possesses stator core and is located at the rotor of described stator core inboard, it is characterized in that,
Periphery at described stator core possesses temperature protector,
Described temperature protector is own fever type temperature protector.
3. washing machine possesses:
The washing and dewatering groove,
Drive described washing and dewatering groove dc brushless motor,
Control the control device of described dc brushless motor, it is characterized in that,
Possess and detect the temperature protector that abnormality is come turn-off current,
Described temperature protector possesses electric current release mechanism and the heating mechanism that sense temperature is come turn-off current,
By described heating mechanism temperature is risen gradually and make described electric current release mechanism action.
4. washing machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described electric current release mechanism is a bimetallic, and described heating mechanism is bimetallic or heater.
5. according to claim 3 or the described washing machine of claim 4, it is characterized in that described temperature protector and described dc brushless motor thermally coupled.
6. according to any one described washing machine of claim 2 to 5, it is characterized in that described temperature protector has heat-shield mechanism.
7. according to any one described washing machine of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that possessing two described temperature protectors, the periphery among at least one U that is located at described stator winds the line mutually, V winds the line mutually, W winds the line mutually between the coiling of certain two phase.
8. according to any one described washing machine of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that possessing:
By the filter circuit of noise,
Exchange conversion is become the rectification circuit of direct current,
Described temperature protector is connected between described filter circuit and the described rectification circuit.
CN 200510067821 2004-04-28 2005-04-26 Washing machine Pending CN1690294A (en)

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JP2014087511A (en) * 2012-10-31 2014-05-15 Hitachi Appliances Inc Washing machine
KR101390473B1 (en) 2013-12-26 2014-04-29 (주)맥원 The brake control system of oven ac motor
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