CN1677730A - Preparing method for composite two-pole plate for proton exchange film fuel cell - Google Patents
Preparing method for composite two-pole plate for proton exchange film fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN1677730A CN1677730A CNA2005100502795A CN200510050279A CN1677730A CN 1677730 A CN1677730 A CN 1677730A CN A2005100502795 A CNA2005100502795 A CN A2005100502795A CN 200510050279 A CN200510050279 A CN 200510050279A CN 1677730 A CN1677730 A CN 1677730A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The preparation method includes following steps: according to certain ratio (wt), mixing 70-80% globular graphite, 12-25% melamine resin, 0.5-1% viscosity control agent, 0.1-0.5% mold release agent, 1-1.5% coupling agent, and 1-10% reinforcing agent for fiber of pole plate by blender, controlled mixing time 20 - 40 minutes; putting the preheated mixed materials into mould at 80 - 100 dig.C; carrying out pressure forming mixed materials in vacuum hydraulic press under 100 - 180 deg.C and 0.5 - 15 MPa, and controlled time of heat preservation as 2-50 minutes. Finished product is obtained after post treatment at 80 - 180 deg.C for 0.2 - 2 hours and cooled at room temperature. Quality of the prepared composite bipolar plate is accorded with standard.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell composite dual-electrode plates.Belong to the fuel cell technology field.
Background technology
Fuel cell is a kind ofly can be efficiently fuel and oxidant to be converted into the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of electric energy.Compare with traditional generation technology, it has the energy conversion efficiency height, pollutes little, low noise advantages.In today of marching toward 21 century, human increasing to the demand of the energy, and traditional energy such as resources such as oil, coal are deficient day by day, the pollution that produces in using is also more remarkable, believe in the near future because energy shortage causes the contradiction that society can't sustainable development can be more and more serious.Therefore, fuel cell is as new energy supply equipment, and its exploitation and research more and more are subjected to the attention of national governments and scientists.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) be after alkaline fuel cell, phosphate fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell, Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, grow up the 5th generation fuel cell.Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is to be electrolyte with perfluorinated sulfonic acid type amberplex, and hydrogen or reformation gas are fuel, and air or oxygen is the fuel cell of oxidant.The simplest Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is made of proton exchange membrane module, bipolar plates, sealing ring etc.The proton exchange membrane module generally comprises proton exchange membrane, cathod catalyst, anode catalyst, cathode gas diffusion layer, anode gas diffusion layer etc.Proton exchange membrane can make negative electrode and anode reaction carry out respectively, and only allows proton to pass through and do not allow electronics to pass through.Hydrogen is generating electrodes (anodic oxidation) reaction under the effect of catalyst, produce proton and electronics, proton arrives negative electrode through dielectric film, electronics then produces electric current by external circuit, proton and electronics and oxygen generate water in negative electrode generation reduction reaction, and unique product of reaction--water can be outside flow field channel be discharged system.
Fuel cell has had 100 years of development history, but the still thing of nearly several years that fuel cell really makes a breakthrough at aspects such as practical application and large-scale productions.Present fuel cell cost is still higher, reduce the fuel cell cost and mainly should consider from all many-sides such as improvement of membrane module, bipolar plates, single-cell structure, battery system.The cost that wherein reduces bipolar plate material and moulding process is most important.
We know, the common graphite material is the bipolar plate material of development and utilization early, its pole plate light weight, corrosion resistance and good, conductivity of making is stronger, but because the property of graphite own is crisp, caused certain difficulty for the assembling of product, and in manufacture process, be easy to generate the porosity about 15%, and fuel (as: hydrogen) and oxidant (as: oxygen) are caused interpenetrate, cause fuel cell to work.Use materials such as phenolic resins, paraffin, pitch, Polycarbosilane to come the hole of filling graphite cake, can reduce the porosity, reach the purpose of sealing graphite cake by the vacuum high-pressure dipping method.But because organic substance infiltrates through the graphite cake hole, even infiltrates through graphite flake layer, strengthened the volume resistance and the face resistance of graphite cake, and graphite sheet manufacturing and flow field mechanical processing technique more complicated all, the manufacturing cost costliness caused.Therefore, its cost can account for 40%～70% of whole fuel cell cost.
Compare with the common graphite bipolar plates, metal double polar plates has good electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, machining property, compactness etc., is fit to produce in batches.Aluminium, titanium, nickel, stainless steel etc. all are the metal materials of making bipolar plates.But also there is defective in metal material, as unit intensity height, perishable etc.Because Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is worked in acidity and higher temperatures system environment, if pole plate bad, metal just might be corroded or dissolve, especially the metal ion of metallic plate dissolved back generation is diffused into the proton exchange rete, will increase the resistance of the bipolar plates that is corroded, reduce the power output of fuel cell.
Patent US 4301222 has proposed a kind of preparation method of thin electrochemical cell demarcation strip, pure graphite powder and each 50% mixed injection molding of charing thermosetting phenolic resin is become required bipolar plates that is:, and product carries out aftertreatment technology again and makes its complete graphitization then.The performance of graphite cake at aspects such as mechanical strength, weight savings that obtain is better than pure graphite cake.But it is very high that its shortcoming is the graphitization cost, and porosity is also bigger, is about 5%, also must further handle the compactness that increases bipolar plates.
Chinese patent CN2624411Y has proposed a kind of composite dual-electrode plates that can be used as fuel battery double plates.This bipolar plates is to form with polylith graphite block, reinforcing material and adhering resin.Polylith graphite is spaced, and is filled in after reinforcing material and adhering resin are mixed well in the space, interval of polylith graphite formation, through the compound monoblock composite board that is pressed into.Though this bipolar plates has mechanical strength height, in light weight, cheap, the advantage that conducts electricity very well, but because the unitary construction of plate is inhomogeneous, can the transportation of gas be impacted, electric conductivity reduces more, even the phenomenon that also can leak air.
U.S. Honeywell Inc. applies for a patent the nano composite material that (01812256.6) is used for fuel battery double plates in China, used nanotube-shaped fiber in the material.This material not only costs an arm and a leg, and supply is few, is not suitable for the batch process of product.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to improve the deficiency in the existing pole plate manufacturing technology, provide a kind of and mix the method for preparing the used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell bipolar plates by globular graphite and melamine resin etc.Its advantage of this preparation method be fill a prescription comparatively reasonable, cheap for manufacturing cost, the rate of finished products height, technical indicator is good and can guarantee to produce in batches.
In order to achieve the above object, the technology preparation process that the present invention adopts is as follows: with 70～80wt% globular graphite, 15～25wt% melamine resin, 0.5～1wt% viscosity modifier, 0.1～0.5wt% release agent, 1～1.5wt% coupling agent, 1～10wt% pole plate fiber enhancer is put into batch mixer and is mixed, preheating, and compound is put into the mould through preheating, carry out vacuum compression molding then on the vacuum hydraulic press, product stripping, reprocessing get finished product.
According to viscosity modifier of the present invention is nano level active silicon dioxide; Release agent is the wherein a kind of of zinc stearate, dolomol, calcium stearate; Coupling agent is wherein a kind of in monoalkoxy type metatitanic acid fat, aluminic acid ester, the γ-An Jibingjisanyiyangjiguiwan; The plate fiber enhancer is a short carbon fiber.
Mixing time of the present invention was controlled at 20～40 minutes; Preheating of mixed material to 80～100 ℃, put into mould through 80～100 ℃ of preheatings, under 0.5～15MPa carry out vacuum compression molding at 100～180 ℃ with molding pressure in control compression molding temperature on the vacuum hydraulic press then, the temperature retention time of composite dual-electrode plates in hydraulic press was controlled at 2～50 minutes.Product stripping is also put into baking oven and is carried out reprocessing, and its temperature is controlled at 80～180 ℃, and the time was controlled at 0.2～2 hour, take out the back room temperature cool off finished product.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell composite dual-electrode plates, wherein melamine resin is a kind of macromolecular material that can be compound with globular graphite, and it mainly plays bonding agent.The consumption of melamine resin is controlled at 15～25wt%, because its consumption too much can reduce the conductive capability of composite plate, can make the bonding force between globular graphite and the macromolecular material little at least excessively, is difficult for combining closely.In batch mixing, add release agent, can overcome the difficult demoulding of existing bipolar plates, problem such as easily break.The effect of coupling agent is to produce chemical bond on the interface of globular graphite and melamine resin, can form monomolecular film on the surface of globular graphite, and do not have multimolecular film on the interface.Because still have the chemical constitution of coupling agent itself, so in the presence of the coupling agent of surplus, make surface energy variation, viscosity reduces significantly, at functional group and the transesterification of matrix resin phase owing to coupling agent, can make the coupling agent molecule coupling, this facilitates the modification of coupling agent molecule and selecting for use of filled polymer system.Coupling agent will be controlled within the specific limits, is advisable with 1～1.5wt% of filler total amount.Adding viscosity modifier, pole plate fiber enhancer can improve the production and processing ability of bipolar plates and the compression strength and the tensile strength of product.Employing vacuumizes mold pressing, can impel the compactness of bipolar plates to improve, thereby finally solve the possible gas leakage problem of bipolar plates.
The method that the present invention prepares the used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell composite dual-electrode plates has overcome the deficiency of bipolar plates technology of preparing, has following advantage: good electrical conductivity, the porosity is little, gas-liquid is difficult for infiltration, bending strength and compression strength are good, evenness and depth of parallelism height, and cheap for manufacturing cost, be fit to produce in batches.
Embodiment
Further specify the present invention and more specifically definite with embodiment below, but under any condition, embodiment regarded as scope restriction of the present invention by claim:
Embodiment 1:
In 98～112g globular graphite, add 21～35g melamine resin, 0.7～1.4g nano level active silicon dioxide, 0.14～0.7g release agent, 1.4～2.1mL coupling agent, 1.4～14g pole plate fiber enhancer short carbon fiber.Compound put into batch mixer mix 20～40 minutes, be preheated to 80～100 ℃.Compound is put into the mould through being preheated to 80～100 ℃.Be controlled at 100～180 ℃ and molding pressure in compression molding temperature on the vacuum hydraulic press and carry out vacuum compression molding under 0.5～15MPa, the temperature retention time in hydraulic press was controlled at 2～50 minutes.Product stripping is also put into baking oven and is carried out reprocessing, and its temperature is controlled at 80～180 ℃, and the time was controlled at 0.2～2 hour, take out the back room temperature cool off finished product.Its quality index meets used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell composite dual-electrode plates standard.
Embodiment 2-19: press the preparation flow of embodiment 1, experimentize according to the listed experiment condition of following table, the quality index of the finished product that obtains meets used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell composite dual-electrode plates standard.
| Embodiment | Globular graphite (g) | Melamine resin (g) | Silica (g) | Release agent (mL) | Coupling agent (g) | Short carbon fiber (g) | Mixing time (minute) | The preheating of mixed material temperature (℃) | Mold preheating temperature (℃) | The compression molding temperature (℃) | Molding pressure (MPa) | The plate temperature retention time (minute) | The plate post-processing temperature (℃) | The plate finishing time (minute) |
| ????2 | ??98.0 | ?35.0 | ??1.4 | ??0.7a | ??2.1m | ??2.8 | ??30 | ??90 | ??90 | ??140 | ????10 | ????3 | ??160 | ???30 |
| ????3 | ??98.0 | ?23.8 | ??1.4 | ??0.7a | ??2.1p | ??14.0 | ??30 | ??90 | ??90 | ??140 | ????10 | ????3 | ??160 | ???30 |
| ????4 | ??98.0 | ?30.8 | ??1.4 | ??0.7c | ??2.1m | ??7.0 | ??30 | ??90 | ??90 | ??140 | ????10 | ????3 | ??150 | ???30 |
| ????5 | ??105.0 | ?25.6 | ??0.7 | ??0.2a | ??1.5p | ??7.0 | ??30 | ??90 | ??90 | ??150 | ????10 | ????3 | ??160 | ???30 |
| ????6 | ??105.0 | ?30.0 | ??0.9 | ??0.4c | ??1.7p | ??2.0 | ??40 | ??90 | ??90 | ??140 | ????10 | ????3 | ??160 | ???40 |
| ????7 | ??110.0 | ?26.3 | ??0.7 | ??0.2a | ??1.4p | ??1.4 | ??30 | ??90 | ??90 | ??140 | ????10 | ????3 | ??160 | ???30 |
| ????8 | ??105.0 | ?25.6 | ??0.7 | ??0.2c | ??1.5n | ??7.0 | ??20 | ??90 | ??90 | ??160 | ????10 | ????3 | ??160 | ???30 |
| ????9 | ??105.0 | ?25.6 | ??0.7 | ??0.2a | ??1.5p | ??7.0 | ??30 | ??80 | ??90 | ??140 | ????10 | ????3 | ??150 | ???30 |
| ????10 | ??105.0 | ?25.6 | ??0.7 | ??0.2a | ??1.5m | ??7.0 | ??30 | ??90 | ??80 | ??140 | ????10 | ????3 | ??160 | ???50 |
| ????11 | ??105.0 | ?25.6 | ??0.7 | ??0.2a | ??1.5p | ??7.0 | ??30 | ??90 | ??100 | ??180 | ????10 | ????3 | ??160 | ???30 |
| ????12 | ??105.0 | ?25.6 | ??0.7 | ??0.2c | ??1.5p | ??7.0 | ??30 | ??90 | ??90 | ??140 | ????0.5 | ????3 | ??160 | ???30 |
| ????13 | ??105.0 | ?25.6 | ??0.7 | ??0.2b | ??1.5m | ??7.0 | ??30 | ??90 | ??90 | ??140 | ????5 | ????3 | ??160 | ???30 |
| ????14 | ??105.0 | ?25.6 | ??0.7 | ??0.2a | ??1.5n | ??7.0 | ??30 | ??85 | ??90 | ??140 | ????15 | ????3 | ??160 | ???80 |
| ????15 | ??105.0 | ?25.6 | ??0.7 | ??0.2a | ??1.5p | ??7.0 | ??30 | ??90 | ??90 | ??140 | ????10 | ????10 | ??160 | ???30 |
| ????16 | ??105.0 | ?25.6 | ??0.7 | ??0.2a | ??1.5m | ??7.0 | ??30 | ??90 | ??90 | ??140 | ????10 | ????30 | ??160 | ???30 |
| ????17 | ??105.0 | ?25.6 | ??0.7 | ??0.2b | ??1.5n | ??7.0 | ??30 | ??95 | ??90 | ??140 | ????10 | ????3 | ??80 | ???30 |
| ????18 | ??105.0 | ?25.6 | ??0.7 | ??0.2c | ??1.5m | ??7.0 | ??30 | ??90 | ??90 | ??140 | ????10 | ????3 | ??120 | ???30 |
| ????19 | ??105.0 | ?25.6 | ??0.7 | ??0.2a | ??1.5m | ??7.0 | ??30 | ??90 | ??90 | ??140 | ????10 | ????3 | ??180 | ???30 |
Wherein: release agent: (a) zinc stearate; (b) dolomol; (c) calcium stearate
Coupling agent: (m) monoalkoxy type metatitanic acid fat; (n) aluminic acid ester; (p) γ-An Jibingjisanyiyangjiguiwan
Claims (9)
1, a kind of preparation method of used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell composite dual-electrode plates, it is characterized in that globular graphite with 70～80wt%, the 15-25wt% melamine resin, 0.5～1wt% viscosity modifier, 0.1～0.5wt% release agent, 1～1.5wt% coupling agent, 1～10wt% pole plate fiber enhancer puts into that batch mixer mixes, preheating, compound is put into the mould through preheating, carries out vacuum compression molding then on the vacuum hydraulic press, and product stripping, reprocessing get finished product.
2,, it is characterized in that viscosity modifier is a nano level active silicon dioxide according to the preparation method of the described a kind of used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell composite dual-electrode plates of claim 1.
3,, it is characterized in that release agent is the wherein a kind of of zinc stearate, dolomol, calcium stearate according to the preparation method of the described a kind of used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell composite dual-electrode plates of claim 1.
4,, it is characterized in that coupling agent is wherein a kind of in monoalkoxy type metatitanic acid fat, aluminic acid ester, the γ-An Jibingjisanyiyangjiguiwan according to the preparation method of the described a kind of used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell composite dual-electrode plates of claim 1.
5,, it is characterized in that the pole plate fiber enhancer is a short carbon fiber according to the preparation method of the described a kind of used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell composite dual-electrode plates of claim 1.
6,, it is characterized in that mixing time is 20～40 minutes according to the preparation method of the described a kind of used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell composite dual-electrode plates of claim 1.
7, according to the preparation method of the described a kind of used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell composite dual-electrode plates of claim 1, the preheat temperature that it is characterized in that compound is 80～100 ℃, and the preheat temperature of mould is 80～100 ℃.
8, according to the preparation method of the described a kind of used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell composite dual-electrode plates of claim 1, the compression molding temperature that it is characterized in that compound is controlled at 100～180 ℃, molding pressure is to carry out vacuum compression molding under 0.5～15MPa, and the temperature retention time of composite dual-electrode plates in hydraulic press is 2～50 minutes.
9, according to the preparation method of the described a kind of used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell composite dual-electrode plates of claim 1, it is characterized in that the composite dual-electrode plates after the demoulding is put into baking oven carries out reprocessing, temperature is 80～180 ℃, and the time is 0.2～2 hour, take out the back room temperature cool off finished product.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2005100502795A CN1316656C (en) | 2005-04-18 | 2005-04-18 | Preparing method for composite two-pole plate for proton exchange film fuel cell |
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| CNB2005100502795A CN1316656C (en) | 2005-04-18 | 2005-04-18 | Preparing method for composite two-pole plate for proton exchange film fuel cell |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101283471B (en) * | 2005-10-07 | 2010-04-14 | 东海碳素株式会社 | Separator material for fuel cell and process for producing the same |
| CN101308923B (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2010-05-19 | 大连融科储能技术发展有限公司 | Carbon-plastic electricity-conductive bipolar board for liquid energy-storing battery and manufacture thereof |
| CN102069142A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-05-25 | 江苏理士电池有限公司 | Releasing agent for cast-on strap (COS) |
| CN102931420A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2013-02-13 | 华东理工大学 | Carbon/resin composite material and application thereof |
| CN106145948A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2016-11-23 | 九格能源科技（天津）有限公司 | A kind of oxidation-resistant graphite sealing ring |
| CN108134105A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-06-08 | 深圳市晶特智造科技有限公司 | A kind of plastic bipolar plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN109921053A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-21 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of preparation method and applications of bipolar plates |
| CN115207373A (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-10-18 | 浙江大学 | One-step hot-press formed ultrasonic spraying efficient membrane electrode manufacturing equipment |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5942347A (en) * | 1997-05-20 | 1999-08-24 | Institute Of Gas Technology | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell separator plate |
| US6248467B1 (en) * | 1998-10-23 | 2001-06-19 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Composite bipolar plate for electrochemical cells |
| US6572997B1 (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2003-06-03 | Hybrid Power Generation Systems Llc | Nanocomposite for fuel cell bipolar plate |
| US20030104257A1 (en) * | 2001-12-03 | 2003-06-05 | Jeremy Chervinko | Method for bipolar plate manufacturing |
| CN1238919C (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2006-01-25 | 清华大学 | Process for preparing fuel cell bipolar plate and composite material used thereof |
-
2005
- 2005-04-18 CN CNB2005100502795A patent/CN1316656C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101283471B (en) * | 2005-10-07 | 2010-04-14 | 东海碳素株式会社 | Separator material for fuel cell and process for producing the same |
| CN101308923B (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2010-05-19 | 大连融科储能技术发展有限公司 | Carbon-plastic electricity-conductive bipolar board for liquid energy-storing battery and manufacture thereof |
| CN102069142A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-05-25 | 江苏理士电池有限公司 | Releasing agent for cast-on strap (COS) |
| CN102931420A (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2013-02-13 | 华东理工大学 | Carbon/resin composite material and application thereof |
| CN102931420B (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2015-11-25 | 华东理工大学 | Carbon element/resin composite materials and uses thereof |
| CN106145948A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2016-11-23 | 九格能源科技（天津）有限公司 | A kind of oxidation-resistant graphite sealing ring |
| CN108134105A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-06-08 | 深圳市晶特智造科技有限公司 | A kind of plastic bipolar plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN109921053A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-21 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A kind of preparation method and applications of bipolar plates |
| CN115207373A (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-10-18 | 浙江大学 | One-step hot-press formed ultrasonic spraying efficient membrane electrode manufacturing equipment |
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