CN1667429A - Primary cut-out state monitoring method - Google Patents
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- CN1667429A CN1667429A CN 200510031433 CN200510031433A CN1667429A CN 1667429 A CN1667429 A CN 1667429A CN 200510031433 CN200510031433 CN 200510031433 CN 200510031433 A CN200510031433 A CN 200510031433A CN 1667429 A CN1667429 A CN 1667429A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a primary cut-out state monitoring method, which comprises following steps: using existing fault recording apparatus and digital protective-relay device in converting station automatic system to record normal divided brake current decay process; using recorded data to calculate circuit breaker opening time; then estimating circuit breaker state according to opening time of circuit breaker and opening time trend in some time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the power equipment monitoring method, particularly a kind of primary cut-out state monitoring method.
Background technology
Primary cut-out be used for Guan Hehe cut-off normal circuit, faulty circuit or be used for insulating power supply, realize the high-voltage electrical equipment of safety ground.As electric system important control and protection equipment, primary cut-out plays very importantly the power system security reliability service and acts on.Electric system must be carried out prophylactic repair to it, but existing periodic maintenance system has open defect.On the one hand, overhaul for the good equipment of running status and may destroy original kilter on the contrary; Secondly, the blindness of ignoring equipment state is overhauled the waste that causes a large amount of human and material resources; Simultaneously, because traditional preventive trial carries out, can't truly reflect the operating condition of entire equipment under the off-line power down mode, the qualified situation about but having an accident of power equipment prerun is not rare, and this greatly reduces the confidence level of testing result.
In recent years, the scientific research personnel has carried out big quantity research to the status monitoring of isolating switch both at home and abroad, studies show that primary cut-out overwhelming majority faults cause owing to mechanical part and blow-out parts, general 50% fault can be owing to mechanical actuating parts problem, 19% belongs to the blow-out media problem, as vacuum tightness descend, insulating medium leaks, impure etc., the 11%th because electrical problems, as contact burning, overheated etc.The problem of mechanical part will cause the prolongation of opening time, studies show that when main shaft friction force increases, its angle of eccentricity is unaffected substantially in initial 6 milliseconds, and after 6 milliseconds, along with reducing rapidly of separating brake power, the inhibition of friction force becomes more and more obvious, causes whole separating brake process than having prolonged about 14ms under the normal condition.At present, the status monitoring of mechanical actuating parts is generally out of service with isolating switch, is measured with the light wave table by the maintainer then, determines disjunction, pass resultant velocity and the separating brake length of stroke of contact of breaker.In order to realize the on-line monitoring of breaker mechanic property, generally by installation site sensor measurement contact of breaker separating brake length of stroke in the breaker mechanical rotating shaft with close the pass, breaking speed, and the vibration signal when utilizing the breaker open operation operation carries out the status monitoring of mechanical part.The problem of blow-out parts (as vacuum tightness decline, insulating medium leakage, impure) will reduce the arc extinguishing ability of blow-out medium, prolong the blow-out time.For this reason, ConsolidatedElectron ics, the development and production of Inc. company SM6 Series Circuit Breakers monitor, the temperature and pressure of on-line measurement sulfur hexafluoride gas calculates sulfur hexafluoride gas density continuously in real time and predicts that sulfur hexafluoride gas leaks trend; Also have in addition by based on electric signal measurement, measure Vacuity of Vacuum Circuit Breakers and add up its variation tendency based on the method for magnetic field intensity and electric field change, to determine the current state and the variation tendency of Vacuity of Vacuum Circuit Breakers.In addition, accumulative total open and close times, accumulative total dropout current, temperature, infrared ray, Acoustic detection also all are used to carry out the status monitoring and the failure location of isolating switch.
Although developed multiple high-voltage circuit-breaker status on-Line Monitor Device at present, and part has also dropped into practical application, but in electric system, especially power distribution network, apply the circuit-breaker status on-line monitoring and still have many difficulties, reason is: at first, primary cut-out quantity is huge, and by the end of the year 99,273153 of 6～220KV isolating switchs are equipped with in the whole nation altogether, the standing state on-line monitoring system all need be installed hardware device, needs to drop into huge manpower and materials; Secondly, primary cut-out generally is made of operating mechanism, arc-extinguishing unit, insulating element etc., and the standing state monitoring system is general only monitors at a certain characteristics parts, realize that the monitoring of isolating switch integrality needs to adopt many covers state monitoring equipment; At last, for field erected status monitoring sensor, different model primary cut-out structure difference, the status monitoring size sensor size of requirement, mounting means difference are very big, and vibration is strong when primary cut-out separating brake, combined floodgate, is difficult to the reliability of Guarantee Status monitoring sensor.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the primary cut-out state monitoring method of a kind of simple economy and each unit status of energy effecting reaction primary cut-out, to overcome existing primary cut-out monitoring cost height, inefficient problem.
For achieving the above object; the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: utilize failure wave-recording equipment and digital protective relay system in the electric substation automation system to write down the switch off time of primary cut-out separating brake operation; and relatively with the normal switch off time of itself and primary cut-out separating brake operation; alarm when the switch off time overrate, maintenance is arranged in prompting.
In the above-mentioned primary cut-out state monitoring method, the switch off time of described primary cut-out separating brake operation is calculated by the current attenuation process data of primary cut-out separating brake operation.
Above-mentioned primary cut-out state monitoring method, the step that is obtained switch off time by the current attenuation process data of the normal sub-switching operation of primary cut-out is as follows:
(1), calculates the current effective value of each current sample point from second cycle of record;
(2), calculate the expectation value and the mean square deviation of the current effective value of each sampled point and continuous thereafter two cycle sampled points from second cycle of record;
(3) the 6th cycle from writing down, the expectation value and the mean square deviation of the current effective value of continuous two all sampled points compare all around with each sampled point current effective value and before it, deduct this sampled point current effective value greater than five times of mean square deviations if play the expectation value of the current effective value of continuous two all sampled points around before it, this sampled point is confirmed to be the initial moment of primary cut-out switch off time, writes down its current effective value;
(4) current effective value and the initial moment current effective value of isolating switch switch off time with each sampled point after the initial moment of switch off time compares, and current effective value is less than or equal to first sampled point of 5% of the initial moment current effective value of isolating switch switch off time and confirms as the switch off time terminal point moment;
(5) calculate switch off time constantly by the initial moment of switch off time and terminal point.
A kind of primary cut-out state monitoring method; may further comprise the steps: utilize failure wave-recording equipment and digital protective relay system in the electric substation automation system to write down the switch off time of primary cut-out separating brake operation; and calculate the variation tendency of switch off time according to the switch off time that normal sub-switching operation data computation repeatedly obtains; in the variation tendency and the obviously not alarm simultaneously of normal condition of switch off time, maintenance is arranged in prompting.
The present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
(1) makes full use of in the electric substation automation system current attenuation process data of primary cut-out normal running separating brake of the failure wave-recording equipment of equipment in a large number and digital protective relay system record and power-generating enterprise to the existing administrative mechanism of these data, do not need the adding hardware investment, good economy performance;
(2) owing to utilize the current attenuation process data of electric system existing hardware equipment records breaker open operation operation, do not need to install new sensor, can be applicable to the primary cut-out of different structure;
(3) select for use the primary cut-out switch off time as the status monitoring parameter, can combined reaction the highest mechanical actuating parts of probability of malfunction, the running status of blow-out parts, and be applicable to the primary cut-out of different operating principle.
Describe principle of work of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the formation synoptic diagram of primary cut-out fault isolation time.
Fig. 2 is definite figure of dropout current transient state process and switch off time.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, the formation synoptic diagram of Fig. 1 primary cut-out fault isolation time.Wherein: t
gBe the fault isolation time, the fault isolation time arises from fault and takes place constantly, terminates in the flame current effective value and decays to separating brake moment current effective value 5% constantly; t
bBe guard time, it is carved into protection by pressing plate output trip signal constantly when being the fault generation; t
kBe switch off time, it be isolating switch obtain tripping actuating signal (that is protection by pressing plate output trip signal constantly) to the flame current effective value decay to separating brake moment current effective value 5% between time; t
fBe opening time, it is that isolating switch is carved into the time that contact of breaker is finished the separating brake stroke, t when obtaining tripping actuating signal
xBe the blow-out time, it is that the flame current effective value decays to separating brake time of 5% of current effective value constantly behind the breaker open operation.
As the critical elements of isolating short trouble, primary cut-out should be able to be as early as possible in limiting time dropout current reduce the influence of short trouble with safeguards system stability to system element.The fault isolation timing definition of electric system equals guard time and switch off time sum as shown in Figure 1 in time.Because for the particular type protective device, its reaction time is determined basically, so the fault isolation time is mainly determined by switch off time.The specified switch off time of primary cut-out is generally 2～4 cycles, as exceed normal range, may cause electric system to lose stable or near the element in damage trouble spot, so patent of the present invention selects the primary cut-out switch off time as the primary cut-out state monitoring parameter.The interrupting process of primary cut-out can be divided into mechanical process and the arc extinction process that the actuating parts divide open contact, wherein the mechanical part state influences the separating brake process, the state of blow-out parts influences the blow-out time, so the switch off time of selecting primary cut-out is as can the comprehensive characterization failure rate high mechanical part of status monitoring parameter and the running status of blow-out parts.
At present; failure wave-recording equipment and digital protection equipment have been equipped in the power system transformer substation automated system in a large number; current attenuation process data in the time of can writing down primary cut-out normal running separating brake; these data can upload to its Center For Information Management by each province and city power office automation of transformation substations network system for managing, and are used to calculate the primary cut-out switch off time in patent of the present invention.Suppose that the load current that flows through isolating switch changes before the normal running separating brake, and satisfy normal distribution (μ, σ near a certain special value
2).Then the expectation value of current effective value is
Variance is
Mean square deviation is
According to Principle of Statistics, the probability that current effective value is fallen in the 5 times of mean square deviation scopes in expectation value both sides is P{|x-μ |＜5 σ }=0.9999990416.And press the COMTRADE formal definition that IEEE works out, the data of failure wave-recording equipment and digital protective relay system record all comprise the normal load current data of the preceding several cycles of separating brake, so in patent of the present invention, at first utilize expectation value and the mean square deviation of separating brake current attenuation data computation from the current effective value of the current effective value of second each sampled point of cycle and continuous thereafter two cycle sampled points; Then from the record the 6th cycle, the expectation value and the mean square deviation of the current effective value of continuous two all sampled points compare all around with each sampled point current effective value and before it, deduct this sampled point current effective value greater than five times of mean square deviations (5 σ) if play the expectation value of the current effective value of continuous two all sampled points around before it, confirm that this sampled point is the initial moment of switch off time; Continue search switch off time terminal point constantly, current effective value and the initial moment current effective value of switch off time of each sampled point after the initial moment of switch off time are compared, and current effective value is less than or equal to first sampled point of 5% of the initial moment current effective value of switch off time and confirms as the switch off time terminal point moment; Calculate switch off time constantly by the initial moment of switch off time and terminal point, and determine the switch off time variation tendency by a plurality of switch off time that normal sub-switching operation current attenuation process data is repeatedly calculated, when switch off time surpasses the isolating switch ratings or the obviously alarm simultaneously of switch off time variation tendency, the prompting maintainer arranges maintenance.
Current attenuation process data with a certain phase of the normal sub-switching operation of primary cut-out by trees mountain range transformer station fault wave recording device record is an example below, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 2 and implementation method further specify the detection of switch off time among the present invention.150 all current data before and after the record breaker open operation comprise 10 weekly datas behind preceding 140 weekly datas of arc extinction and the arc extinction.Sample frequency 1200HZ, i.e. 24 points weekly, 0.833 millisecond of the sampled point time interval.An electric current blow-out process obtaining of record as shown in Figure 2, wherein A point and B point are respectively the starting point and the terminal point of the switch off time that detection obtains.
The switch off time testing process is as shown in table 1.Wherein, the 1st row are sampling sequence numbers.At first, calculate the effective value (x of each sampled point
i) and the expectation value (μ) and the mean square deviation (σ of the current effective value of continuous thereafter two cycle sampled points
i).In order to determine the switch off time starting point constantly, with the current effective value x of each sampled point
iWith the expectation value (μ that plays the current effective value of continuous two all sampled points before it all around
I-96) compare as row 2, deduct this sampled point current effective value greater than five times of mean square deviation (5* σ in the 3rd row as the expectation value that plays the current effective value of continuous two all sampled points before it all around
I-96), think that then this point is the switch off time starting point.In the table 1, the switch off time starting point is defined as the 3300th point.When breaker open operation moved, electric current will diminish gradually and depart from normal current, and the terminal point of switch off time is determined according to the current effective value of starting point.Current effective value decays to starting point 5% (0.05*x of current effective value constantly
A) point confirm as the terminal point of switch off time.In the table 1, the 3339th sampled point is detected switch off time terminal point, and wherein dash area is detected switch off time, amounts to 40 sampled points, and switch off time closes (40-1) * 0.833=32.5 millisecond.
Table 1 switch off time testing process table
| ?i | ??μ i-96-x i | ??5*σ i-96 | ??x i | ??0.05*x A |
| ?3297 | ??3.08325 | ??8.043602 | ||
| ?3298 | ??4.33225 | ??8.157389 | ||
| ?3299 | ??7.09766 | ??7.968935 | ||
| ?3300 | ??11.5791 | ??7.984375 | ??325.5006 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3301 | ??17.6904 | ??7.982644 | ??319.3928 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3302 | ??24.6611 | ??8.063293 | ??312.4258 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3303 | ??31.1036 | ??7.832532 | ??305.9879 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3304 | ??36.0835 | ??7.812649 | ??301.0125 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3305 | ??38.856 | ??7.842761 | ??298.2445 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3306 | ??39.7282 | ??7.716153 | ??297.3771 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3307 | ??39.7388 | ??7.717153 | ??297.3713 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3308 | ??40.7618 | ??7.741423 | ??296.3531 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3309 | ??45.1646 | ??7.764232 | ??291.9549 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3310 | ??54.5062 | ??7.71508 | ??282.6183 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3311 | ??69.2979 | ??7.902353 | ??267.8303 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3312 | ??88.8174 | ??7.995952 | ??248.3143 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3313 | ??111.345 | ??7.785082 | ??225.7904 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3314 | ??133.905 | ??7.887632 | ??203.2331 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3315 | ??153.515 | ??8.299072 | ??183.6251 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3316 | ??167.06 | ??8.102124 | ??170.0831 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3317 | ??173.928 | ??8.294586 | ??163.2173 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3318 | ??175.63 | ??8.292267 | ??161.5168 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3319 | ??175.561 | ??8.307031 | ??161.5872 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3320 | ??177.205 | ??8.28951 | ??159.9443 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3321 | ??182.786 | ??8.20946 | ??154.365 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3322 | ??193.026 | ??8.172871 | ??144.1272 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3323 | ??207.601 | ??8.208735 | ??129.5522 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3324 | ??225.37 | ??8.183836 | ??111.7835 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3325 | ??244.672 | ??8.231525 | ??92.48054 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3326 | ??263.401 | ??7.92716 | ??73.75249 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3327 | ??279.463 | ??8.026167 | ??57.69034 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3328 | ??290.515 | ??8.232863 | ??46.63698 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3329 | ??295.603 | ??8.372492 | ??41.54688 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3330 | ??296.509 | ??8.514507 | ??40.63864 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3331 | ??296.458 | ??8.511562 | ??40.6865 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3332 | ??297.133 | ??8.470572 | ??40.0094 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3333 | ??298.958 | ??8.355333 | ??38.18209 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3334 | ??301.942 | ??8.556246 | ??35.19575 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3335 | ??305.89 | ??8.279478 | ??31.24594 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3336 | ??310.395 | ??8.358577 | ??26.73938 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3337 | ??314.911 | ??8.41969 | ??22.22161 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3338 | ??319.081 | ??8.627418 | ??18.04983 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3339 | ??322.359 | ??8.182553 | ??14.77111 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3340 | ??324.483 | ??8.394394 | ??12.64558 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3341 | ??325.338 | ??8.315025 | ??11.78979 | ??16.27503 |
| ?3342 | ??325.475 | ??8.362962 | ??11.65069 | ??16.27503 |
Claims (4)
1, a kind of primary cut-out state monitoring method; may further comprise the steps: utilize failure wave-recording equipment and digital protective relay system in the electric substation automation system to write down the switch off time of primary cut-out separating brake operation; and relatively with the normal switch off time of itself and primary cut-out separating brake operation; alarm when the switch off time overrate, maintenance is arranged in prompting.
2, primary cut-out state monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the switch off time of primary cut-out separating brake operation is calculated by the current attenuation process data of primary cut-out separating brake operation.
3, primary cut-out state monitoring method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the step that is obtained switch off time by the current attenuation process data of the normal sub-switching operation of primary cut-out is as follows:
(1), calculates the current effective value of each current sample point from second cycle of record;
(2), calculate the expectation value and the mean square deviation of the current effective value of each sampled point and continuous thereafter two cycle sampled points from second cycle of record;
(3) the 6th cycle from writing down, the expectation value and the mean square deviation of the current effective value of continuous two all sampled points compare all around with each sampled point current effective value and before it, deduct this sampled point current effective value greater than five times of mean square deviations if play the expectation value of the current effective value of continuous two all sampled points around before it, this sampled point is confirmed to be the initial moment of primary cut-out switch off time, writes down its current effective value;
(4) current effective value and the initial moment current effective value of isolating switch switch off time with each sampled point after the initial moment of switch off time compares, and current effective value is less than or equal to first sampled point of 5% of the initial moment current effective value of isolating switch switch off time and confirms as the switch off time terminal point moment;
(5) calculate switch off time constantly by the initial moment of switch off time and terminal point.
4, a kind of primary cut-out state monitoring method; may further comprise the steps: utilize failure wave-recording equipment and digital protective relay system in the electric substation automation system to write down the switch off time of primary cut-out separating brake operation; and calculate the variation tendency of switch off time according to the switch off time that normal sub-switching operation data computation repeatedly obtains; in the variation tendency and the obviously not alarm simultaneously of normal condition of switch off time, maintenance is arranged in prompting.
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