CN1667086A - Purifying system for biomass gasifying oven - Google Patents
Purifying system for biomass gasifying oven Download PDFInfo
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- CN1667086A CN1667086A CN 200510037837 CN200510037837A CN1667086A CN 1667086 A CN1667086 A CN 1667086A CN 200510037837 CN200510037837 CN 200510037837 CN 200510037837 A CN200510037837 A CN 200510037837A CN 1667086 A CN1667086 A CN 1667086A
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Abstract
This invention discloses a biomass gasification furnace purification system. the main points of its technical proposal is that the system is consisted by catalysis ware, catalyst, labyrinth type gasometer, adsorption filter, adsorption filtering agent, waste tar and waste water collecting pit. Fuel gas current of biomass gasification furnace is transferred to labyrinth type gasometer through catalyst in the catalyst ware, then it istrasferred to adsorption filtering agent in the adsorption filter, the fuel gas current after three times purification is transferred to burner, and the whole purification course is finished. This invention is used to biomass gasification furnace purification system, its structure is simple, cost is low, and operation is simple. Water bath is not used in the system, the waste tar and water is few, and can be value things after proposed. The tar cracking ratio and gas current heating value is high, and the rate of gasification of the furnace can be improved. There is no environmental pollution.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to biomass gasifying furnace, be specifically related to a kind of purifying system for biomass gasifying oven.
Background technology:
Early 1980s, China just begins that biomass thermal is decomposed gasification technology to be studied, and develops the vapourizing furnace of various ways.Biomass are a kind of renewable energy sources, and reserves are very abundant, and energy utilization as an alternative can realize CO
2Zero discharging, and S wherein, N content are low, alleviate Greenhouse effect and environmental pollution greatly.
The subject matter that present domestic biomass gasification technology exists is that fuel gases calorific value is lower, and the tar that gasification produces is more, causes the gas-purification difficulty, influences the works better of vapourizing furnace.The gas-purification system takes simple washing to handle usually, and not only cause the severe contamination of washing water, and be unfavorable for the efficient operation of gasification system, and waste energy and resource.Coke tar cracking is the effective ways that solve the tar pollution problem, has only after tar content reduces significantly, and containing the tar and waste water problem could solve.But under present state of the art, be difficult to guarantee tar cracking fully, or make the tar qualified discharge that the user who has often directly discharges in order to reduce cost, objectionable impurities is higher than environmental protection requirement in the waste water, has brought secondary pollution.
During the biomass thermal chemical conversion utilizes, all must be through pyrolysis phase, basic metal is separated out in the pyrolysis phase volatilization, and vapor condensation is at vapourizing furnace and delivery of fuel gas pipeline and heat-exchanger surface, be thick molten state, constantly capture the solid particulate in the combustion gas gas, make to cause sedimentary formation and reactor corrosion by particle agglomeration, the biomass thermal conversion system is produced serious influence, hinder heat exchange, reduce heat exchanger effectiveness
The influence of heavy metal, in the biomass pyrogenation gasification process, solid pollutants such as lime-ash that gives off and flying dust discharge wherein trace heavy metal element and compound thereof thereupon, and these pollutents will produce serious influence to the ecotope of atmospheric layer, water source and soil.Therefore, be necessary the concentration of basic metal and heavy metal is controlled.
The purification system of present domestic biomass gasifying furnace, the method that adopts has: water-bath water cooler, window shutter inertial dust separator, normal temperature air condensation process device, plastic foam adsorption filter, the sawdust, shavings, gravel or the cobble that adopt the different grain size grade in addition are as absorption filtering material.
Chinese patent Granted publication CN1098910C, Granted publication day is on January 15th, 2003, name is called " thermal-cracking decoking biomass gasification furnace ", " a kind of thermal-cracking decoking biomass gasification furnace " disclosed, in patent document, illustrate " the cracking and catalyzing reaction bed is set on furnace bottom; ..., described catalyzer is the thermal cracking catalyst of using always, for example granular rhombspar, ferric oxide, activated carbon etc.Be provided with under the situation of catalytic bed, because the effect of catalyzer, its scission reaction is more abundant, has further improved goudron lysis rate, vaporization rate and fuel gases calorific value.”
Though the tar of above-mentioned cracking catalyst cleavable more than 60%, but the distribution of particle sizes of catalyst themselves, be worth redesign, in patent document " referring to Fig. 3; present embodiment is to have set up the catalytic bed that is full of catalyzer on furnace bottom; be pellet type catalyst (11), particle diameter is about 1～3cm, as the particulate state rhombspar." particle diameter of finished product ferric oxide, activated carbon will be less than 1～3cm; under particle diameter and situation inequality; rhombspar, ferric oxide, activated carbon are difficult to be evenly distributed; will directly have influence on the actual catalytic effect of catalyzer like this; the price comparison height of activated carbon; not only strengthened the cost of gasification, and use also inconvenient.
Chinese patent Granted publication CN2663811Y, Granted publication day is on December 15th, 2004, name is called " biomass gasifying furnace ", in patent document, illustrate " be provided with netted cobble chamber 13 at cleaner 2 internal upper parts; the indoor cobble 14 that is equipped with of this cobble; 13 bottoms, cobble chamber are provided with multilayer insulating panel 15; each dividing plate all has airflow orifice 16; and 16 one-tenth 180 ° of staggered arrangement of the airflow orifice on the adjacent separator; as shown in the figure, when combustible gas enters the bottom of cleaner 2 in the body of heater 1,, form the zigzag air-flow stroke of combustible gas purifying is increased greatly through the airflow orifice 16 of dividing plate layer by layer, obtain thus just purifying preferably, continue to flow to cobble chamber 13 again, the space by cobble 14 makes the combustible gas that just purifies be divided into countless threads to carry out fast cooling, coagulate gas and fully purify, filter is assorted, obtain the gas outlet 8 of highly purified combustion gas to cleaner 2 at last, after this combustion gas and afterbody air distribution were supplied gas the air mixed of mechanism 3, can be that the user provides can clean-burning high-quality combustion gas.”
Utilize the space of cobble to make the combustible gas that just purifies be divided into countless threads and carry out fast cooling, but the smooth surface of cobble, hard, the effect that can not reach absorption and filter combustible gas.
Chinese patent Granted publication CN1088458C, Granted publication day is on July 31st, 2002, name is called " purification method for biological fuel gas and device ", " a kind of purification method for biological fuel gas and device are disclosed; it be with through the combustion gas of pyrolytic gasification artifact matter at a monomer refining plant with suspension separate chamber that sub-air chamber, coagulating chamber and bend pipe be communicated with; interior through minute gas, condense, gas collection, suspend and separate.Its art breading is simple, can rapid condensation suspend and removal tar and dust, utilize the nucleus of condensation of dust, strengthen the particle diameter of tar and dust as tar, the method of utilizing physics to suspend reaches the purpose that impurity is removed in sedimentation simultaneously, and the clearance of its tar dirt is 90%.”
Simple dependence " divide gas, condense, gas collection; suspend and separate " purifying method, though " art breading is simple " also is a kind of passive method of utilizing physics to suspend, this purifying method can not improve the overall economic efficiency of goudron lysis rate, vaporization rate and fuel gases calorific value.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome weak point in the prior art, a kind of purifying system for biomass gasifying oven of making low production cost, easy to operate, good purification is provided.
Purifying system for biomass gasifying oven of the present invention is made up of the collecting tank of catalyst converter, catalyzer, labyrinth type gas storage holder, adsorption filter, absorption filter agent, useless tar and waste water.
When the fuel gas flow of biomass gasifying furnace output during by the biomass gasification catalyst in the catalyst converter, tar in the fuel gas flow is by catalytic pyrolysis, tar after cleaved is decomposed into can incendiary gas and other material, the fuel gas flow of enclosing is transported to the labyrinth type gas storage holder, fail tar after the cracking, then stopped by mazy numerous beaded catalyst, the effect of gravity in addition, fail tar and waste water after the cracking, it is indoor to drop in useless tar and waste water, and, flow to the collecting tank of useless tar and waste water from the following pipeline of catalyst converter, play the not effect of pyrolysis fuel oil of filtering; Basic metal in the fuel gas flow and other impurity by beaded catalyst the time, will be adsorbed by beaded catalyst and filter, and to reduce the basic metal in the fuel gas flow, improve heat exchanger effectiveness.
Catalyzer is made up of raw materials such as attapulgite clay, alumine, ferric oxide, magnesium oxide and calcium oxide, through batching, granulation, sinter particulate state into, granularity 4～ 10mm, biomass gasification catalyst and production method, separate case application patent of invention.
The fuel gas flow that purify the first time of process catalytic pyrolysis flows to the labyrinth type gas storage holder, and fuel gas flow has obtained purifying for the second time in the labyrinth type gas storage holder, and the pressure of fuel gas flow also compares uniform and stable.Be deposited in the useless tar and the waste water of labyrinth type gas storage holder, also flow to the collecting tank of useless tar and waste water.
Fuel gas flow after purifying for the second time, be transported to adsorption filter from the labyrinth type gas storage holder, when fuel gas flow passes through biomass gasification furnace absorbent, tar obtains further cracking and absorption, heavy metal in the fuel gas flow, basic metal and hazardous trace elements also are filtered absorption, through the fuel gas flow that purifies for the third time, be transported to burner, finish whole scavenging process, fail useless tar and waste water after the cracking on a small quantity, then stopped, in addition the effect of gravity by mazy numerous granule, tar and waste water, it is indoor to drop in useless tar and waste water, and from the following pipeline of adsorption filter, flows to the collecting tank of useless tar and waste water, play adsorption filtration not pyrolysis fuel oil and Filtration Adsorption heavy metal once more, the effect of basic metal and other impurity, adsorption filter are to be subjective role with the adsorption filtration.
Sorbent material is made up of raw materials such as attapulgite clay, alumine, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and yellow soda ash, through batching, granulation, sinter particulate state into, granularity 4～ 10mm, biomass gasification furnace absorbent and production method, separate case application patent of invention.
The present invention is used for the purification system of biomass gasifying furnace, simple in structure, make low production cost, easy to use, do not use the water-bath flushing, the amount of useless tar and waste water is less, after treatment, can turn waste into wealth, goudron lysis rate and fuel gas flow calorific value be all than higher, and can increase the vaporization rate of biomass gasifying furnace, do not have environmental pollution.
Through repeatedly experiment, the purification system of biomass gasifying furnace of the present invention can make the goudron lysis rate of biomass gasifying furnace bring up to more than 85%, and vaporization rate improves 20% on former basis, and fuel gases calorific value improves 25% on former basis.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of purifying system for biomass gasifying oven.
As shown in the figure, the 1st, biomass gasifying furnace, the 2nd, vapourizing furnace leads to the pipeline of catalyst converter, the 3rd, catalyst converter, the 4th, catalyzer, the 5th, the useless tar of catalyst converter and waste water chamber, the 6th, catalyst converter leads to the pipeline of labyrinth type gas storage holder, the 7th, the labyrinth type gas storage holder, the 8th, the labyrinth type gas storage holder leads to the pipeline of adsorption filter, the 9th, adsorption filter, the 10th, absorption filter agent, the 11st, the useless tar of adsorption filter and waste water chamber, the 12nd, catalyst converter leads to the pipeline of the collecting tank of useless tar and water, and 13 and 15 is pipelines that the labyrinth type gas storage holder leads to the collecting tank of useless tar and waste water, the 14th, the collecting tank of useless tar and waste water, the 16th, adsorption filter leads to the pipeline of the collecting tank of useless tar and waste water, and the 17th, purified fuel gas flow pipeline leads to burner 18.
Embodiment:
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment:
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of purifying system for biomass gasifying oven.
Fuel gas flow when biomass gasifying furnace 1, by pipeline 2, when flowing through biomass gasification catalyst 4 in the catalyst converter 3, tar in the fuel gas flow is by catalytic pyrolysis, tar after cleaved is decomposed into can incendiary gas and other material, enclose fuel gas flow from pipeline 6, be transported to labyrinth type gas storage holder 7, fail tar after the cracking, basic metal, heavy metal, waste water and dust, stopped by mazy numerous beaded catalyst that then the effect of gravity in addition flows in useless tar and the waste water chamber 5, and, flow to the collecting tank 14 of useless tar and waste water from the following pipeline 12 of catalyst converter.
The fuel gas flow that purify the first time of process catalytic pyrolysis flows to labyrinth type gas storage holder 7, and fuel gas flow has obtained purifying for the second time in labyrinth type gas storage holder 7, and at this moment the pressure of fuel gas flow also compares uniform and stable.Be deposited in the useless tar and the waste water of labyrinth type gas storage holder, pipeline 13,15 flows to the collecting tank 14 of useless tar and waste water under the warp.
Fuel gas flow after purifying for the second time, from labyrinth type gas storage holder 7, be transported to adsorption filter 9 through pipeline 8, when fuel gas flow passes through biomass gasification furnace absorbent 10, residu(al)tar obtains further cracking and absorption, and the heavy metal in the fuel gas flow, basic metal and dust also are filtered absorption, through the fuel gas flow that purifies for the third time, be transported to burner through pipeline 17, finish whole scavenging process.
Fail tar, basic metal, heavy metal, waste water and dust after the cracking on a small quantity, then stopped by mazy numerous beaded catalyst, the effect of gravity in addition, flow in useless tar and the waste water chamber 11, and from the following pipeline 16 of adsorption filter, flow to the collecting tank 14 of useless tar and waste water, play the not effect of pyrolysis fuel oil and Filtration Adsorption heavy metal, basic metal and dust of adsorption filtration once more, adsorption filter is to be subjective role with the adsorption filtration.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of purifying system for biomass gasifying oven is characterized in that, purifying system for biomass gasifying oven is made up of catalyst converter, catalyzer, labyrinth type gas storage holder, adsorption filter, absorption filter agent, useless tar collecting tank.
2, a kind of purifying system for biomass gasifying oven according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the 1st, biomass gasifying furnace, the 2nd, the pipeline of catalyst converter, the 3rd, catalyst converter, the 4th, catalyzer, the 5th, useless tar chamber, 6 lead to the pipeline of gas storage holder, the 7th, labyrinth type gas storage holder, the 8th, towards the pipeline of adsorption filter, the 9th, adsorption filter, the 10th, absorption filter agent, the 11st, useless tar chamber, the 12nd, towards the pipeline of useless tar collecting tank, 13 and 15 is pipelines that gas storage holder leads to useless tar collecting tank, the 14th, and useless tar collecting tank, the 16th, towards the pipeline of useless tar collecting tank, the 17th, purified fuel gas flow pipeline leads to burner 18.
3, a kind of purifying system for biomass gasifying oven according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when the fuel gas flow of biomass gasifying furnace 1, by pipeline 2, when flowing through catalyzer 4 in the catalyst converter 3, tar in the fuel gas flow is by catalytic pyrolysis, and the fuel gas flow of enclosing is transported to gas storage holder 7 from pipeline 6, fail tar, waste water and dust after the cracking, flow in the useless tar chamber 5, and, flow to useless tar collecting tank 14 from pipeline 12.
4, a kind of purifying system for biomass gasifying oven according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, fuel gas flow has obtained purifying for the second time in gas storage holder 7, is deposited in the useless tar and the waste water of labyrinth type gas storage holder, and warp pipeline 13,15 down flows to useless tar collecting tank 14.
5, a kind of purifying system for biomass gasifying oven according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, fuel gas flow after purifying for the second time, from gas storage holder 7, be transported to adsorption filter 9 through pipeline 8, when fuel gas flow passes through sorbent material 10, the surplus tar of Disabled obtains further cracking and absorption, fuel gas flow through purifying for the third time is transported to burner through pipeline 17, finishes whole scavenging process.
Fail tar, basic metal, heavy metal, waste water and dust after the cracking on a small quantity, stopped by mazy numerous beaded catalyst that then the effect of gravity in addition flows in the useless tar chamber 11, and, flow to useless tar collecting tank 14 from the following pipeline 16 of adsorption filter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510037837 CN1667086A (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2005-02-25 | Purifying system for biomass gasifying oven |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510037837 CN1667086A (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2005-02-25 | Purifying system for biomass gasifying oven |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100434162C (en) * | 2007-03-16 | 2008-11-19 | 合肥工业大学 | Biological matter pyrolysis gasifying detarring catalyst and preparing method |
| WO2014048329A1 (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2014-04-03 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | System for solving high-sodium coal combustion contamination by using pyrolysis-combustion dual-bed |
| WO2014048328A1 (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2014-04-03 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Dual-bed system to prevent the pollution of boiler heating surface |
| CN105273770A (en) * | 2014-07-12 | 2016-01-27 | 叶安生 | Condensation type purifying series apparatus for combustible gas from biomass pyrolysis |
-
2005
- 2005-02-25 CN CN 200510037837 patent/CN1667086A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100434162C (en) * | 2007-03-16 | 2008-11-19 | 合肥工业大学 | Biological matter pyrolysis gasifying detarring catalyst and preparing method |
| WO2014048329A1 (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2014-04-03 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | System for solving high-sodium coal combustion contamination by using pyrolysis-combustion dual-bed |
| WO2014048328A1 (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2014-04-03 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Dual-bed system to prevent the pollution of boiler heating surface |
| US9927119B2 (en) | 2012-09-25 | 2018-03-27 | Dongfang Electric Corporation | Dual-bed system for preventing boiler heating surface from being contaminated |
| US9989247B2 (en) | 2012-09-25 | 2018-06-05 | Dongfang Electric Corporation | Pyrolysis-combustion dual-bed system for eliminating contamination by combustion of high-sodium coal |
| CN105273770A (en) * | 2014-07-12 | 2016-01-27 | 叶安生 | Condensation type purifying series apparatus for combustible gas from biomass pyrolysis |
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