CN1654601A - Method for preparing biological diesel oil - Google Patents

Method for preparing biological diesel oil Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1654601A
CN1654601A CNA2005100491447A CN200510049144A CN1654601A CN 1654601 A CN1654601 A CN 1654601A CN A2005100491447 A CNA2005100491447 A CN A2005100491447A CN 200510049144 A CN200510049144 A CN 200510049144A CN 1654601 A CN1654601 A CN 1654601A
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oil
diesel oil
bio
acid
methyl alcohol
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CN100335594C (en
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计建炳
王建黎
徐之超
俞云良
李永超
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P30/00Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
    • Y02P30/20Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock

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Abstract

The biological diesel oil preparing process includes the following steps: distilling to dewater material oil to water content lower than 0.06 %; ester exchange reaction of material oil with methanol and catalyst in ultrasonic ester exchanging reactor in the molar ratio between methanol and material oil of 3-20, catalyst amount in 0.1-1 wt%, reaction temperature of 20-64 deg.c, ultrasonic frequency of 1.8 KHz to 4 MHz and ultrasonic power of 30-1000 W; distilling the ester exchange reaction product to separate methanol for reuse and separate glycerin phase and biological diesel oil phase; neutralizing, water washing and continuously distilling biological diesel oil phase to eliminate catalyst, saponified matter, water and methanol; and further purification to obtain high purity biological diesel oil. The present invention has the beneficial effects of high purity of biological diesel oil product, simple technological process, low power consumption, high conversion rate and low production cost.

Description

A kind of preparation method of bio-diesel oil
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technology that improves production of biodiesel efficient, reduces production costs, is the preparation method of bio-diesel oil that raw material production can substitute the petroleum diesel product with natural animal-plant grease (butter, lard, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil, Oleum Helianthi, Viscotrol C, rice bran wet goods), plant oil leftover (alkali refining soap stock, hydrated oil foot etc.), waste grease (frying oil, swill oil, acidifying wet goods) particularly.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the exhausted day by day and human of fossil energy rises to the rapid of fuel energy demand, the alternative fuel energy of development of new is all being accelerated in countries in the world.Bioenergy comprises fuel alcohol, biological hydrogen production and biofuel, has obtained people's attention with its good recyclability.Especially biofuel, its combustionproperty be at all no less than petroleum diesel, and can be directly used in petroleum diesel fields such as diesel engine, is considered to the substitute of petroleum diesel.Biofuel has the following advantages: poisonless biological degradable, and the cetane value height, sulfide, CO (carbon monoxide converter) emission are few, and the carbon of its discharging compares with petroleum diesel from atmosphere, can reduce emission amount of carbon dioxide.Therefore, biofuel is a kind of renewable environment-friendly fuel energy.
The suitability for industrialized production of biofuel and be applied in the history that more than ten years have abroad been arranged, production technology is quite ripe, and industrial scale is also in continuous expansion.Countries in the world are in order to tackle the energy dilemma that 21 century is about to appearance; all successively entered field of biodiesel oil; and strengthen biodiesel technology exploitation and industrial input; formulation helps the agricultural policy and the tax policy that the biofuel industry develops in a healthy way, and the turnout of whole world biofuel is increased sharply.The target that European Union promotes biofuel is: the biofuel share of market reached 5.75% in 2010, and the year two thousand twenty reaches 20%; American energy policy method determines that the occupation rate of U.S.'s non-petroleum fuel in 2010 will bring up to 30%, and this bring vast potential for future development can for undoubtedly the biofuel industry.Current, there are countries such as Thailand, Korea S, Bulgaria, Philippines and India to build up the biofuel factory of oneself again.
China's production of biodiesel still is in the elementary development phase, now existing Fujian brilliance, the ancient China fir in Sichuan and Hainan are just built up production capacity respectively with three companies and are surpassed 10,000 ton/year small-sized biofuel factory, but since technology and cost aspect also fail to be promoted rapidly.Domestic patent application about biodiesel manufacture at present exists that long reaction time, reaction conversion ratio are not high, energy consumption is high, the high deficiency of production cost, can't be extensive use of in commercially producing.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to the deficiency at the prior art scheme, adopt the intensified by ultrasonic wave technology, provide a kind of and be suitable for commercially producing, can reduce production costs, what can alleviate environmental pollution simultaneously is the feedstock production method of bio-diesel oil with the waste grease.
The present invention finishes above-mentioned purpose by the following technical programs.This preparation method of bio-diesel oil comprises the steps: stock oil through distillation dehydration, and water content is reduced to below 0.06%; Dehydrated raw material oil enters ultrasonic transesterification reactor reaction with methyl alcohol and mixture of catalysts, keeping the mol ratio of methyl alcohol and stock oil is 3: 1~20: 1, the catalyst quality percentage is 0.1~1%, temperature of reaction is controlled at 20-64 ℃, ultrasonic frequency is 18000~4000000Hz, and power is controlled at 30~1000W; After reaction finishes, ester exchange offspring enters the methyl alcohol distiller, the methanol eddy that steams is gone into reactor cycles and is used, reaction product behind the steaming methyl alcohol enters separator, glycerine and biofuel are separated, and isolated biofuel is removed catalyzer, saponified, moisture and methyl alcohol through neutralization, washing, continuous still battery mutually again, further purifies then and obtains high purity, promptly>99.6wt.%, the biofuel product; Glycerine obtains the glycerine byproduct of required purity through purification.
The effect that the present invention is useful: adopt production technique of the present invention, can prepare highly purified biofuel product, and technology is simple, energy consumption is low, transformation efficiency is high, production cost is low, is suitable for commercially producing.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further described, preparation method of bio-diesel oil of the present invention thes contents are as follows:
1) coarse raw materials enters the stock oil basin after mechanical removal of impurities, squeezes into the flasher dehydration by pump again, and temperature is 100~150 ℃, 30 minutes time; Dehydrated raw material oil enters ultrasonic transesterification reactor through interchanger, adds methyl alcohol and catalyzer, maintains the temperature at 20~64 ℃, opens ultrasonic wave and carries out transesterification reaction; Reacted ester exchange offspring enters the methyl alcohol distiller, and the methanol eddy that steams is gone into reactor cycles and used, and the reaction product behind the steaming methyl alcohol enters continuous separator, and glycerine and biofuel are separated; Separating obtained biofuel enters neutralizer mutually, remove that catalyzer is laggard goes into water scrubber, enter thin-film evaporator after the washing, slough methyl alcohol and moisture, again after separating removal of impurities by being pumped into product storage tank, isolated glycerine is through dewatering, obtain behind the separating methanol glycerine byproduct of required purity; The raffinate that neutralize, wash, evaporation produces enters the use of distillation tower recovery methanol loop after collecting.
2) the used stock oil of the present invention both can be the natural animal-plant grease, also can be plant oil leftover or discarded food oils, can also be its mixture.
3) the present invention adopts dissimilar catalyzer according to the height of free fatty acid content in the stock oil, adopts basic catalyst when free fatty acid content is low, as NaOH, KOH, Na 2CO 3Deng, adopt an acidic catalyst when free fatty acid content is high, as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, organic acid, superpower solid acid, strong acid ion exchange resin etc.
4) the present invention is the glycerin fatty acid ester that utilizes in the animal-plant oil, under ultrasonic wave and catalyst action, carry out transesterification reaction and generate biofuel with methyl alcohol, i.e. and fatty acid methyl ester, its chemical equation is as follows:
Figure A20051004914400051
This reaction is reversible reaction, and the consumption that increases reactant methanol can promote reaction to develop towards the positive reaction direction, and 6: 1 molar ratio of methanol to oil can obtain speed of reaction and reaction conversion ratio faster.The present invention is adopting under the ultrasonic field intensified condition, transesterify speed and transformation efficiency all are significantly improved, reacted 10 minutes, transformation efficiency is just up to 99%, this may be because the ultrasonic cavitation effect has changed the physico-chemical property of reaction mixture, thereby increased the contact area of reactant, improved speed of reaction, also changed the equilibrium conversion of transesterification reaction simultaneously.
5) methyl esters of the present invention purifies and adopts the thin-film evaporator continuous still battery earlier, excessively go bad to prevent that product is heated, product steams after interchanger is cooled to below 30 ℃, and is good to guarantee product color, be further purified, the main quality index of prepared biofuel product is as follows again:
The quality index of table 1 biofuel product
Sequence number Quality index Desired value Germany DIN51606:1997
????1 Cetane value ????≥40 ????≥49
????2 Copper corrosion ≤ 3 grades ????1
????3 Acid number mgKOH.g -1 ????≤0.8 ????≤0.5
????4 Glycerine total amount % (m/m) ????≤0.02 ????≤0.25
????5 Moisture % (m/m) ????≤0.05 ????≤0.03
????6 Ash content % (m/m) ????≤0.02 ????≤0.03
Example one:
The ultrasonic base-catalyzed transesterification transformation efficiency contrast of table 2 soybean oil
(reaction conditions: molar ratio of methanol to oil 6: 1,35 ℃ of water-baths, catalyzer KOH 1.0wt.%)

Claims (6)

1, a kind of preparation method of bio-diesel oil is characterized in that, comprises the steps: stock oil through distillation dehydration, and water content is reduced to below 0.06%; Dehydrated raw material oil enters ultrasonic transesterification reactor reaction with methyl alcohol and mixture of catalysts, keeping the mol ratio of methyl alcohol and stock oil is 3: 1~20: 1, the catalyst quality percentage is 0.1~1%, temperature of reaction is controlled at 20-64 ℃, ultrasonic frequency is 18000~4000000Hz, and power is controlled at 30~1000W; After reaction finishes, ester exchange offspring enters the methyl alcohol distiller, the methanol eddy that steams is gone into reactor cycles and is used, reaction product behind the steaming methyl alcohol enters separator, glycerine and biofuel are separated, and isolated biofuel is removed catalyzer, saponified, moisture and methyl alcohol through neutralization, washing, continuous still battery mutually again, further purifies then and obtains high purity, promptly>99.6wt.%, the biofuel product; Glycerine obtains the glycerine byproduct of required purity through purification.
2, preparation method of bio-diesel oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that, its stock oil can be the natural animal-plant grease, also can be plant oil leftover or discarded food oils, can also be its mixture.
3, preparation method of bio-diesel oil according to claim 2 is characterized in that, for plant oil leftover or discarded food oils, the successive flash vaporization dewatering process is adopted in dehydration, temperature 100-150 ℃, the water content of stock oil is controlled at below 0.06%.
4, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described preparation method of bio-diesel oil, it is characterized in that, for greasy base-catalyzed transesterification system, localized hyperthermia, high pressure, the impact that utilizes ultrasonic cavitation to produce in liquid involves extreme effect reinforcement transesterification reactions such as jet, ultrasonic frequency 18000~4000000Hz, power 30~1000W reacts and promptly reached balance in 10~30 minutes, and axunge interchange esterification conversion rate is up to 99%.
5, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described preparation method of bio-diesel oil, it is characterized in that, adopt dissimilar catalyzer, adopt basic catalyst when free fatty acid content is low, as NaOH, KOH, Na according to the height of free fatty acid content in the stock oil 2CO 3Deng, adopt an acidic catalyst when free fatty acid content is high, as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, organic acid, superpower solid acid, strong acid ion exchange resin etc.
6, preparation method of bio-diesel oil according to claim 4 is characterized in that, adopts dissimilar catalyzer according to the height of free fatty acid content in the stock oil, adopts basic catalyst when free fatty acid content is low, as NaOH, KOH, Na 2CO 3Deng, adopt an acidic catalyst when free fatty acid content is high, as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, organic acid, superpower solid acid, strong acid ion exchange resin etc.
CNB2005100491447A 2005-02-24 2005-02-24 Method for preparing biological diesel oil Expired - Fee Related CN100335594C (en)

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Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100360644C (en) * 2005-05-12 2008-01-09 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Production process of biological diesel
CN100432187C (en) * 2006-09-21 2008-11-12 郑州新力德粮油科技有限公司 Production process of biological diesel oil
CN1952047B (en) * 2005-10-19 2010-04-21 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Production process of biological diesel oil
CN101096602B (en) * 2006-06-29 2011-02-16 周鼎力 Method for continuous synthesis of biodiesel without catalyst
CN101993784A (en) * 2010-12-01 2011-03-30 沈阳工业大学 Method for preparing biodiesel from hogwash oil catalyzed by solid super acid
CN102127490A (en) * 2010-01-19 2011-07-20 江苏永林油脂化工有限公司 Method for preparing biodiesel by vegetable oil acidic oil
CN101126029B (en) * 2006-08-15 2011-08-17 广西师范大学 Technique for preparing biological diesel oil by microwave catalyzing and film separating method
CN101397504B (en) * 2008-11-04 2013-01-23 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Production process of biological diesel oil and apparatus
CN101314730B (en) * 2008-07-15 2013-02-27 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 Supersonic wave auxiliary preparation for anti-oxidant prefabricated solution for biological diesel oil and use method therof
CN101475825B (en) * 2009-01-21 2013-11-20 王英国 Method for preparing biodiesel by ester exchange
CN104531364A (en) * 2014-12-26 2015-04-22 华侨大学 Method for catalytic esterification and deacidification of high-acid-value waste oil
CN105132122A (en) * 2015-09-11 2015-12-09 江苏锦宇环境工程有限公司 Method of preparing biodiesel by utilizing grass carp visceral fat
CN106833765A (en) * 2017-03-14 2017-06-13 湖南云平环保科技有限公司 The method that waste oil prepares microemulsion fuel
WO2017192029A1 (en) * 2016-05-06 2017-11-09 Universiti Teknologi Mara A method of producing biodiesel
CN108192740A (en) * 2018-03-22 2018-06-22 淮阴师范学院 The synthesis technology and equipment of a kind of biodiesel
CN111440664A (en) * 2020-04-02 2020-07-24 龙岩卓越新能源股份有限公司 Method for ester exchange and methyl esterification derivation of triglycerol fatty acid ester

Family Cites Families (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6440057B1 (en) * 1997-11-24 2002-08-27 Energea Umwelttechnologie Gmbh Method for producing fatty acid methyl ester and equipment for realizing the same
CN1180138C (en) * 2001-05-11 2004-12-15 中国科学院化学研究所 Method for making self-cleaning synthetic fibre
CN1238468C (en) * 2003-12-31 2006-01-25 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 Production method of biodiesel oil using high acid ralue animal and vegetable grease
CN1580190A (en) * 2004-05-21 2005-02-16 北京化工大学 Method for preparing biodiesel by solid acid-base catalyst

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100360644C (en) * 2005-05-12 2008-01-09 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Production process of biological diesel
CN1952047B (en) * 2005-10-19 2010-04-21 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Production process of biological diesel oil
CN101096602B (en) * 2006-06-29 2011-02-16 周鼎力 Method for continuous synthesis of biodiesel without catalyst
CN101126029B (en) * 2006-08-15 2011-08-17 广西师范大学 Technique for preparing biological diesel oil by microwave catalyzing and film separating method
CN100432187C (en) * 2006-09-21 2008-11-12 郑州新力德粮油科技有限公司 Production process of biological diesel oil
CN101314730B (en) * 2008-07-15 2013-02-27 中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 Supersonic wave auxiliary preparation for anti-oxidant prefabricated solution for biological diesel oil and use method therof
CN101397504B (en) * 2008-11-04 2013-01-23 中国科学院广州能源研究所 Production process of biological diesel oil and apparatus
CN101475825B (en) * 2009-01-21 2013-11-20 王英国 Method for preparing biodiesel by ester exchange
CN102127490A (en) * 2010-01-19 2011-07-20 江苏永林油脂化工有限公司 Method for preparing biodiesel by vegetable oil acidic oil
CN101993784A (en) * 2010-12-01 2011-03-30 沈阳工业大学 Method for preparing biodiesel from hogwash oil catalyzed by solid super acid
CN104531364A (en) * 2014-12-26 2015-04-22 华侨大学 Method for catalytic esterification and deacidification of high-acid-value waste oil
CN104531364B (en) * 2014-12-26 2017-07-21 华侨大学 A kind of method for being catalyzed high acid value waste oil esterification acid reduction
CN105132122A (en) * 2015-09-11 2015-12-09 江苏锦宇环境工程有限公司 Method of preparing biodiesel by utilizing grass carp visceral fat
WO2017192029A1 (en) * 2016-05-06 2017-11-09 Universiti Teknologi Mara A method of producing biodiesel
CN106833765A (en) * 2017-03-14 2017-06-13 湖南云平环保科技有限公司 The method that waste oil prepares microemulsion fuel
CN108192740A (en) * 2018-03-22 2018-06-22 淮阴师范学院 The synthesis technology and equipment of a kind of biodiesel
CN111440664A (en) * 2020-04-02 2020-07-24 龙岩卓越新能源股份有限公司 Method for ester exchange and methyl esterification derivation of triglycerol fatty acid ester

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