CN1627221A - Method for adjusting output voltage of fuel cell and adjusting device used - Google Patents
Method for adjusting output voltage of fuel cell and adjusting device used Download PDFInfo
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- CN1627221A CN1627221A CN 200310119062 CN200310119062A CN1627221A CN 1627221 A CN1627221 A CN 1627221A CN 200310119062 CN200310119062 CN 200310119062 CN 200310119062 A CN200310119062 A CN 200310119062A CN 1627221 A CN1627221 A CN 1627221A
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Abstract
This invention relates to an output voltage regulation technology to fuel batteries which applies a linear regulation control circuit and takes the output voltage of the fuel battery as the sample voltage. When the output voltage is higher than the requirement, the regulation circuit begins working and outputs Vw. When it is at the permit sphere, the relay in the regulation circuit connects the positive of the voltage regulation circuit input/output in short-circuit to be output by the fuel battery set directly, which greatly increases the output property of the set.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the output voltage adjustment technology of fuel cell, specifically a kind of output voltage method of adjustment of fuel cell and used adjusting gear.
Background technology
In the prior art, the middle a.b.c.d curve description of fuel cell group output volt-ampere characteristic (referring to as Fig. 1) situation of change of fuel cell group voltage with output current; Be characterized in that open-circuit voltage is very high, dynamically internal resistance changes very greatly.Ab section and the dynamic internal resistance of cd section are very big and variation is also big, have only the dynamic internal resistance of bc section steady and less, and the cd section is not generally used because of efficient is low.But in order to use the bc section, the ab section is the only way which must be passed, can not cross over.At present, both at home and abroad for making the fuel cell group export voltage stably, find out thousand and one way.These methods can reduce two classes: (1) utilizes the characteristic of fuel cell itself to make the more stable voltage of fuel cell group output.As: change temperature, pressure, flow, the purity of fuel gas or oxygenant and adopt reformer to obtain methods such as utilizing mass transport control fuel reforming formation speed in the fuel cell group of fuel gas.This class methods detection and control ratio are more numerous and diverse, also have certain inertia, just say and can not eliminate the spike of zero load on the principle.(2) do not change the condition of work of fuel cell group, adopt outside measure and export steady voltage.As: adopt output voltage DC/DC transducer very stably, its energy loss is about 10%.Use fuel cell, accumulator and charger or energy management unit and electrical appliance tectonic system for another example, charge in batteries during underloading, battery discharging during extra heavy duty, thus realize that the fluctuation of fuel cell group output voltage is little.This method investment is big, and equipment increases many, and weight and volume all will increase, and is only applicable to bigger generator station and bigger system; Also have a kind of method that installs reserve battery additional that is called, it is to adopt how much to detect output voltage change fuel cell participation work joint number, and its output voltage is reached unanimity; Yet it is to be cost to sacrifice reserve battery.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of output voltage method of adjustment and used adjusting gear of the fuel cell of output voltage spike when eliminating the unloaded and underloading of fuel cell group.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of output voltage method of adjustment of fuel cell: adopting the linear voltage stabilization control circuit, is sampling voltage with fuel cell group output voltage; When fuel cell output voltage was higher than requirement, controlling circuit of voltage regulation was devoted oneself to work, output burning voltage Vw; When fuel cell output voltage is in allowed band,, directly export by the fuel cell group by the anode short circuit of relay with the input and output of the voltage-regulating circuit in the controlling circuit of voltage regulation; The mode that promotes level, amplifying circuit employing insulating power supply in the described voltage-regulating circuit is powered.
The used adjusting gear of its method: mainly be made up of voltage stabilizing control module, comparer, the first transistor and relay, wherein the negative phase end signal of comparer connects the sampling voltage of fuel cell group, and the positive terminal of comparer is by the first stabilivolt DW
1Connect reference voltage V
b(5.1V), the first transistor is positioned at comparator output terminal, and the first～two relay is located between the first transistor collector and collector and the emitter, and Vw voltage is exported in the output of fuel cell group after the voltage stabilizer voltage stabilizing;
Wherein: described first adjustable resistance, one end and fuel cell group output voltage join, the other end to the first resistance, its slip termination comparer negative phase end; Described contact switch by the control of first relay is connected in second relay circuit, and the contact switch of being controlled by second relay is connected across voltage stabilizing control module input/output terminal;
Described voltage stabilizing control unit circuit is by the voltage adjustment, promote level, amplifying three partial circuits forms, voltage-regulating circuit is a core with the 3rd transistor IGBT, its E end provides regulated output voltage Vw for voltage-regulating circuit, the C end is input end, connect the sampling voltage of fuel cell group, the G termination promotes the transistor seconds of level, the base signal of described transistor seconds comes to comprise isolated amplifier and one-level amplifier to the described amplifying circuit of amplifying circuit, wherein, the travelling arm of second adjustable resistance that one-level amplifier negative termination is connected with the 4th resistance, the positive termination is by the second stabilivolt D W
2Reference voltage V is provided
b(5.1V), and through the 5th resistance to power supply, its output terminal through isolated amplifier to promoting level; Described promotion level, amplifying circuit adopt insulating power supply.
The present invention has following advantage:
1. the characteristics that adopt the present invention to give prominence to are that the output characteristics of fuel cell group is had greatly improved, the spike of output voltage in the time of can eliminating zero load of fuel cell group and underloading.
2. has very strong dirigibility.The method of output spike when elimination fuel cell zero load provided by the invention and underloading, its clear thinking design is easy, flexible.Adopt the present invention conveniently to change V according to the different requirements of user to fuel cell group output voltage fluctuation range
b(reference voltage) and Vw (regulated output voltage) value is to adapt to customer requirements.Its power consumption is relevant with the voltage stabilizing degree of requirement, and can change very flexibly, to clearly compressing fuel cells group output voltage range is optional with the bigger voltage adjuster spare of power consumption; In a word, tangible easy implementation is arranged.
3. cost is low.Show that the less and market of components and parts can purchase everywhere, particularly power consumption is very little, generally speaking, maximum power dissipation when adopting voltage regulation unit of the present invention to work only accounts for 0.2%～5% of capacity, and only tens watts of the power consumptions when not working of voltage stabilizing control module all can be used the technology of the present invention at thousands of volt-ampere to the fuel cell group of tens of kilovolt-amperes of capacity.
4. simple in structure.The working routine of general fuel cell group must be to load behind the first starting fluid battery, load and to establish switch or controller again, and used relay of the present invention and voltage adjuster are that the application of fuel cell group is essential, are not to be newly-increased device, make its structure be tending towards oversimplifying.Because the components and parts that adopt are less, so make easily again and debugging.
5. safe in utilization, reliable.The present invention has increased a voltage stabilizing control module, is contactless soft switch with becoming as the voltage adjuster of noncontacting switch in the prior art.Voltage (the V that relay is born between the contact when connecting and cut off
b-Vw) only having only several volts, soft switch has effectively been protected relay, makes it avoid arcing and damage.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is fuel cell group output volt-ampere characteristic.
Fig. 2 realizes the circuit theory diagrams of the device that voltage is adjusted for the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a voltage stabilizing control unit circuit schematic diagram among Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a characteristic correlation curve after 50 kilowatts of fuel cell group output characteristics and the output voltage adjustment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a characteristic correlation curve after 5 kilowatts of fuel cell group output characteristics and the output voltage adjustment of the present invention.
Embodiment
A kind of fuel cell group output voltage method of adjustment provided by the invention: adopting 1 linear voltage stabilization control circuit, is sampling voltage with fuel cell group output voltage; When fuel cell output voltage was higher than requirement, controlling circuit of voltage regulation was devoted oneself to work, output burning voltage Vw; When fuel cell output voltage was in allowed band, the relay in the controlling circuit of voltage regulation was directly exported the anode short circuit of the input and output of voltage-regulating circuit by the fuel cell group.
Wherein: the form that described linear voltage-stabilizing circuit adopted is: sampling-＞amplify-＞promote-＞adjust.The mode that promotes level, amplifying circuit employing insulating power supply in the described voltage-regulating circuit is powered.
When the output voltage of fuel cell group greater than reference voltage V
bDuring (see figure 1), electric battery is exported after the voltage stabilizing of voltage stabilizing control module, orders it and is Vw; Regulated output voltage Vw compares reference voltage V
bLittle more than 2 volts; When the output voltage of fuel cell group is lower than reference voltage V
bThe time, the anode of voltage stabilizing control module input and output is by the contact switch K2 short circuit of second relay J, 2 controls, by direct output.Consequently, though the fuel cell group is the a.b.c curve form, the spike of output voltage when it is output as a ' .b.c curve and has eliminated the unloaded and underloading of fuel cell group after adjusting.As can be seen from Figure 1 adopting the present invention, is fairly obvious to the improvement of output characteristic of fuel cell.
The used adjusting gear of fuel cell group output voltage method of adjustment, mainly form by voltage stabilizing control module, comparer IC, the first transistor Q1 and relay, wherein the negative phase end signal of comparer IC3 connects the sampling voltage of fuel cell group, and the positive terminal of comparer is by the first stabilivolt DW
1Connect reference voltage V
b(5.1V), first resistance R 1 and the first adjustable resistance W
1Be connected between comparer IC3 negative phase end and the voltage stabilizing control module, the first transistor Q1 is positioned at comparer IC3 output terminal, the first～two relay J 1 and J2 are located between the first transistor Q1 collector and collector and the emitter, and Vw voltage is exported in the output of fuel cell group after the voltage stabilizer voltage stabilizing.
The first adjustable resistance W1, one end and fuel cell group output voltage join, the other end to the first resistance R 1, its slip termination comparer IC3 negative phase end.
Contact switch K1 by 1 control of first relay J is connected in second relay J, 2 loops, and the contact switch K2 that is controlled by second relay J 2 is connected across voltage stabilizing control module input/output terminal (being specially 1,2 ends of the input and output of the voltage-regulating circuit in the controlling circuit of voltage regulation).
Voltage of the present invention is adjusted principle:
Referring to Fig. 2, the used adjusting gear of fuel cell group output voltage method of adjustment is by voltage stabilizing control module, comparer IC3, the first transistor Q1 and relay, wherein the negative phase end signal of comparer IC3 connects the sampling voltage of fuel cell group, and the positive terminal of comparer IC3 is by the first stabilivolt DW
1Connect a reference voltage V
b(5.1V), first resistance R 1 and the first adjustable resistance W1 are connected between comparer IC3 negative phase end and the voltage stabilizing control module, regulate the first adjustable resistance W1, make comparer IC3 at fuel cell group output voltage greater than reference voltage V
bThe time be output as low level, the first transistor Q1 that is positioned at its output terminal under this state ends, the first～two relay J 1 and the J2 that are located between the first transistor Q1 collector and collector and the emitter are failure to actuate, and Vw voltage is exported in the output of fuel cell group after the voltage stabilizer voltage stabilizing.Comparer IC3 is output as high level when fuel cell group output voltage V 1＜reference voltage V b, this state the first transistor Q1 conducting, first relay J, 1 action (moving closing), cause second relay J, 2 actions (moving closing), the going into end and go out end of voltage stabilizer by short circuit, the fuel cell group is directly exported, and realizes substituting with a ' b section the output characteristics of a b section thus.
As shown in Figure 3, described voltage stabilizing control unit circuit is made up of voltage adjustment, promotion level, amplification three partial circuits, voltage-regulating circuit is a core with the 3rd transistor IGBT, its E end (emitter) provides regulated output voltage Vw for voltage-regulating circuit, C end (collector) is an input end, connect the sampling voltage of fuel cell group, G end (control end) connects as the transistor seconds Q2 that promotes level, and the base signal of described transistor seconds Q2 comes to amplifying circuit.
Described amplifying circuit comprises isolated amplifier IC2 and one-level amplifier IC1, wherein, the travelling arm of the second adjustable resistance W2 that one-level amplifier IC1 negative termination is connected with the 4th resistance R 4, the positive termination is by the second stabilivolt DW
2Reference voltage V is provided
b(5.1V), and through the 5th resistance R 5 to power supply+Vcc1, its output terminal through isolated amplifier IC2 to promoting level.
Described promotion level, amplifying circuit are powered respectively.
The principle of design of voltage stabilizing control unit circuit:
Determine adjusted ceiling voltage output valve V
bAs reference voltage.By formula Vw=V
b-C draws, and wherein the C value can be selected in 2～5 volts, at voltage stabilizer 3 end making alive Vw, regulates the second adjustable resistance W2 and makes the negative input end of amplifier equal the voltage stabilizing value of the second voltage stabilizing diode Dw2.Amplifying circuit adopts two-stage to amplify, and the second level is isolated amplifier, and its enlargement factor can to more than 100 times from tens times.
Promote level and make follower for transistor seconds Q2 selects the NPN pipe, its power supply and isolated amplifier go out to hold power supply all to adopt insulating power supply.
Amplifier of the present invention adopts quarantine measures (present embodiment is isolated amplifier IC2, also can take other quarantine measures).Voltage adjuster spare the 3rd transistor IGBT is the insulated gate bipolar triode among present embodiment Fig. 3, also can select power field effect pipe or pliotron, and its work pressure drop is only picked up between the volt in the three ten-day period of hot season and number.
In addition, described second relay J 2 is when the contact switch K2 that is controlled switches on and off, and the voltage of its contact is not high, and electric current is also little, and the present invention has improved the service condition of second relay J 2.
Embodiment 1
The electric generator using fuel battery group that capacity is 50KVA, its output characteristics is shown in solid line among Fig. 4.And its output voltage range of customer requirements is between 200～312 volts.After method of the present invention is adjusted, its output characteristics such as Fig. 4 thick dashed line.
Take the caused power consumption of measure of the present invention by the curve representation that point is formed, the maximum power dissipation point appears at the 6A place, and it is worth 190W, according to the voltage range of customer requirements, establishes reference voltage V
b=310VVw=305V, technical parameter is as follows:
The 3rd transistor IGBT adopts SKM400 GA1280, among the power supply DC/DC+Vcc2 ,-Vcc2 is respectively+12V ,-12V ,+Vcc1 ,-Vcc1 is respectively+12V ,-12V, one-level amplifier IC1 adopts AD620, isolated amplifier IC2 adopts ISO124, and first～two-transistor Q1～Q2 adopts 8050.
Embodiment 2
Its output characteristics of fuel cell group such as Fig. 5 of a 5KVA, Vo=75V, Vmin=45V; Output voltage is between 45-53V in the present embodiment total power scope, and maximum power dissipation is 250W, and the present embodiment components and parts are changed: the 3rd transistor IGBT also adopts CM200HA-12H.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of output voltage method of adjustment of fuel cell is characterized in that: adopting the linear voltage stabilization control circuit, is sampling voltage with fuel cell group output voltage; When fuel cell output voltage was higher than requirement, controlling circuit of voltage regulation was devoted oneself to work, output burning voltage Vw; When fuel cell output voltage is in allowed band,, directly export by the fuel cell group by the anode short circuit of relay with the input and output of the voltage-regulating circuit in the controlling circuit of voltage regulation.
2, by the method for adjustment of the described fuel cell group of claim 1 output voltage, it is characterized in that: the mode that promotes level, amplifying circuit employing insulating power supply in the described voltage-regulating circuit is powered.
3. used adjusting gear of fuel cell group output voltage method of adjustment, it is characterized in that: mainly form by voltage stabilizing control module, comparer (IC3), the first transistor (Q1) and relay, wherein the negative phase end signal of comparer (IC3) connects the sampling voltage of fuel cell group, and the positive terminal of comparer is by the first stabilivolt DW
1Connect reference voltage V
b, the first transistor (Q1) is positioned at comparer (IC3) output terminal, and (J1～J2) be located between the first transistor (Q1) collector and collector and the emitter, Vw voltage is exported in the output of fuel cell group to the first～two relay after the voltage stabilizer voltage stabilizing.
4. by the used adjusting gear of the described fuel cell group of claim 3 output voltage method of adjustment, it is characterized in that: described first adjustable resistance (W1) end and fuel cell group output voltage join, the other end to the first resistance (R1), its slip termination comparer (IC3) negative phase end.
5. by the used adjusting gear of the described fuel cell group of claim 3 output voltage method of adjustment, it is characterized in that: described contact switch (K1) by first relay (J1) control is connected in second relay (J2) loop, and the contact switch of being controlled by second relay (J2) (K2) is connected across voltage stabilizing control module input/output terminal.
6. by the used adjusting gear of the described fuel cell group of claim 3 output voltage method of adjustment, it is characterized in that: described voltage stabilizing control unit circuit is made up of voltage adjustment, promotion level, amplification three partial circuits, voltage-regulating circuit is a core with the 3rd transistor IGBT, its E end provides regulated output voltage Vw for voltage-regulating circuit, the C end is input end, connect the sampling voltage of fuel cell group, the G termination promotes the transistor seconds (Q2) of level, and the base signal of described transistor seconds (Q2) comes to amplifying circuit.
7. by the used adjusting gear of the described fuel cell group of claim 3 output voltage method of adjustment, it is characterized in that: described amplifying circuit comprises isolated amplifier (IC2) and one-level amplifier (IC1), wherein, the travelling arm of one-level amplifier (IC1) negative termination second adjustable resistance (W2), the positive termination is by the second stabilivolt DW
2Reference voltage V is provided
b, its output terminal extremely promotes level through isolated amplifier (IC2).
8. by the used adjusting gear of the described fuel cell group of claim 7 output voltage method of adjustment, it is characterized in that: described second adjustable resistance (W2) is connected with the 4th resistance (R4), described one-level amplifier (IC1) positive termination simultaneously through the 5th resistance (R5) to power supply.
9. by the used adjusting gear of the described fuel cell group of claim 3 output voltage method of adjustment, it is characterized in that: described promotion level, amplifying circuit adopt insulating power supply.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200310119062 CN1627221A (en) | 2003-12-12 | 2003-12-12 | Method for adjusting output voltage of fuel cell and adjusting device used |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200310119062 CN1627221A (en) | 2003-12-12 | 2003-12-12 | Method for adjusting output voltage of fuel cell and adjusting device used |
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| CN1627221A true CN1627221A (en) | 2005-06-15 |
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| CN 200310119062 Pending CN1627221A (en) | 2003-12-12 | 2003-12-12 | Method for adjusting output voltage of fuel cell and adjusting device used |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7622905B2 (en) | 2006-10-03 | 2009-11-24 | Wistron Corporation | Voltage regulator of a DC power supply |
| US7883808B2 (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2011-02-08 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Power supply apparatus with fuel cell and method of controlling the same |
| CN103022539A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-03 | 山西省精工镁技术研究所 | Magnesium fuel cell changing in output electric quantity by changing insertion quantity of plate electrodes |
| CN104124735A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-10-29 | Tcl通讯（宁波）有限公司 | Charging voltage stabilizing circuit |
| CN104734512A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-06-24 | 武汉众宇动力***科技有限公司 | Fuel battery DC/DC conversion device and control method thereof |
| CN109358691A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-02-19 | 江门市新会区炎泰电子有限公司 | A kind of serial Feedback formula voltage regulator circuit |
| CN117895034A (en) * | 2024-03-07 | 2024-04-16 | 山东美燃氢动力有限公司 | Fuel cell stack voltage stabilizing control method, device and system |
-
2003
- 2003-12-12 CN CN 200310119062 patent/CN1627221A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7883808B2 (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2011-02-08 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Power supply apparatus with fuel cell and method of controlling the same |
| US7622905B2 (en) | 2006-10-03 | 2009-11-24 | Wistron Corporation | Voltage regulator of a DC power supply |
| CN103022539A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-03 | 山西省精工镁技术研究所 | Magnesium fuel cell changing in output electric quantity by changing insertion quantity of plate electrodes |
| CN103022539B (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2015-02-25 | 山西省精工镁技术研究所 | Magnesium fuel cell changing in output electric quantity by changing insertion quantity of plate electrodes |
| CN104734512A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2015-06-24 | 武汉众宇动力***科技有限公司 | Fuel battery DC/DC conversion device and control method thereof |
| CN104734512B (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2018-01-02 | 武汉众宇动力***科技有限公司 | A kind of fuel cell DC/DC converting means and its control method |
| CN104124735A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-10-29 | Tcl通讯（宁波）有限公司 | Charging voltage stabilizing circuit |
| CN109358691A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-02-19 | 江门市新会区炎泰电子有限公司 | A kind of serial Feedback formula voltage regulator circuit |
| CN117895034A (en) * | 2024-03-07 | 2024-04-16 | 山东美燃氢动力有限公司 | Fuel cell stack voltage stabilizing control method, device and system |
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