CN1619352A

CN1619352A - Multiple view directional display

Info

Publication number: CN1619352A
Application number: CNA2004101023331A
Authority: CN
Inventors: J·马瑟; D·J·蒙特戈梅利; D·U·基恩; G·布西尔; G·R·琼斯
Original assignee: Sharp Corp
Current assignee: Sharp Corp
Priority date: 2003-08-30
Filing date: 2004-08-30
Publication date: 2005-05-25
Anticipated expiration: 2024-08-30
Also published as: GB2405545A; CN100568052C; TW200523587A; TWI275834B; KR100845378B1; KR20050022956A; GB0320364D0; JP2005078092A; JP4333878B2

Abstract

The multi-view directional display is equipped with an image display device having the set of pixels, and a parallax optical element having the array of color filters. Some or all of the filters can transmit a plurality of primary color light beams.

Description

Multiple view directional display

The present invention relates to a kind of multiple view directional display, can show the image that two width of cloth or two width of cloth are above, wherein every width of cloth image from different directions as seen.Thereby watch two observers of display can see the image that differs from one another from different directions.This display can be used as, for example autostereoscopic display apparatus or dual-view display device.

For a long time, traditional display device all is designed to be watched simultaneously by a plurality of users.The display characteristic of display device causes the beholder can both see good equally image quality from the different angles of display.This need obtain from display some a plurality of user in the middle of the application of same information relatively effectively, for example on the airport or the railway station demonstrate photos and sending messages.Yet, in some applications, may need a plurality of users can on same display, see different information.For example, in motor vehicle, the driver wishes to watch satellite navigation data, and the passenger wishes to watch film.The demand of this contradiction can satisfy by two independent display device are provided, but can take more space and increase cost.Further, if use two independent displays in the above-mentioned example, if driver's moving-head so just might the driver also removes to see passenger's display, thus the notice that can disperse the driver.Again for example, in the computer game that two or more players participate in, each player wishes to watch recreation from its oneself angle.Prior art is to watch recreation by each player on an independent indicator screen, makes each player can see the game picture that belongs to themselves on independent screen.But, to take a large amount of spaces for each player provides an independent indicator screen, and also be unpractical for portable game.

In order to address the above problem, invented multiple view directional display.A kind of application of multiple view directional display is " dual view display ", can show two width of cloth or how different images simultaneously, wherein every width of cloth picture only can be from specific direction as seen, so watch the observer of display device will see piece image from a direction, and watch the observer of display device will see the image that a width of cloth is different from another different direction.One can show that different images gives the display of two or more users, with respect to using two or more independent displays, save considerable space and cost.

Provide the possible application example of multiple view directional display device above, but also had much other application.For example, it can be used on the aircraft, offers themselves independent entertainment of each passenger awing.An independent display device is provided in the prior art each passenger, normally is positioned on the back of dress circle.Use a multiple view directional display can save considerable cost, space and weight,, can allow each passenger to select themselves film simultaneously because can make a display be used for two or more passengers.

Another advantage of multiple view directional display is to have the function that stops the user to see other user's view.This is necessary that in the application of ask for something security in the ATM (automatic teller machine) (ATM) such as bank or sales transactions, the example of foregoing computer game also is.

It is to be used to produce 3-D display that the another kind of multiple view directional display is used.As a rule, two eyes of people are from different angle cognition images in the world, because they are positioned at the diverse location of head.Brain uses these two angles to estimate the distance of the different objects in the scene then.In order to set up the display that can show 3-D view effectively, " stereogram " that needs to rebuild these scenes and a kind of so-called image is provided, the corresponding observer's of one of them image eyes.

Three dimensional display is used for to eyes according to it provides the method for different views to be divided into two types.A three-dimensional display shows two right images of stereo-picture usually in the visual range of a broadness.Each image all is encoded, and for example passes through the color of demonstration, polarization state, perhaps time.The user need wear the glasses of a band colour filter system, thus apart view and make every eyes only see the image of preparing for it.

An automatic stereoscopic display device shows right-eye view and left-eye view from different directions, so each view only at defined corresponding area of space as seen.The area of space that can see image in the effective range of whole display is called as " form ".If make the observer be arranged in a suitable position---make their left eye be positioned at the form of three-dimensional right left-eye view, their right eye is arranged in the form of three-dimensional right right-eye view, view is seen every eyes of observed person so, and has obtained 3-D view.Automatic stereoscopic display device does not need the observer to wear the instrument of watching.

Automatic stereoscopic display device is similar to dual view display on principle.But two images that show on automatic stereoscopic display device are right left-eye view of stereo-picture and right-eye view, so they are independently each other.And two width of cloth images are shown and make that they are visible for an independent observer, and wherein every width of cloth image is visible for every eyes of observer.

For pure flat automatic stereoscopic display device, the formation of form is typically by (or " pixel ") structure of image component in the image-display units of three-dimensional display and an optical element be combined into that is commonly called the parallax optics.An example of parallax optics is a parallax barrier, and it is a screen with transmissive zone, normally the form of the slit that is separated by zone of opacity.This screen can place before or after the spatial light modulator (SLM) with two dimensional image element arrays, is used to generate automatic stereo and shows.

Shown in Figure 1 is the i.e. planimetric map of an automatic stereoscopic display device of a traditional multiple view directional device.Directional display 1 comprises a spatial light modulator (SLM) 4 that forms image display device, and a parallax barrier 5.SLM shown in Figure 1 is liquid crystal display (LCD) device form, has 6, one anti-substrates 7 of an activity matrix thin film transistor (TFT) (TFT) substrate, and the liquid crystal layer 8 between substrate and anti-substrate.SLM has the image component that the addressing electrode (not shown) is used to define a series of independent addressing, and has the alignment (not shown) and be used to aim at liquid crystal layer.Viewing angle increase film 9 and linear polariser 10 are positioned at the outside surface of each substrate 6,7.Light 11 provides (not shown) by bias light.

Parallax barrier 5 is made of a substrate 12 that has parallax barrier aperture array 13 on its surface near SLM4.Aperture array comprises transparent apertures 15, and this transparent apertures is that separated and be vertically extending (promptly extending into the paper plane of Fig. 1) by opaque section 14.An antireflection (AR) coating 16 opposing faces at parallax barrier substrate 12 (promptly forming the output surface of display 1) are gone up and are formed.

The pixel of SLM4 is arranged by row and column, and row wherein extend to the plane of the paper of Fig. 1.Pel spacing (distance between the centre of a pixel and the centre of neighbor) is expert at or horizontal direction is p.The width of the vertically extending transmission slit 15 of aperture array 13 is 2w, and the level interval of transmission slit 15 is b.The distance on plane separation liquid crystal display layer 8 planes of fence aperture array 13 is s.

In the practical operation, display device 1 forms a width of cloth left-eye image and a width of cloth eye image, and the observer places suitable position with their head, makes its left eye and right-eye view overlap accordingly with left eye form 2 and right eye form 3, can see a width of cloth 3-D view.Left eye and right eye form 2,3 are formed at and are positioned at window plane 17, and it is required viewing distance that this window plane is positioned at apart from the distance of display.The distance on window plane and aperture array 13 planes is r0.Window 2,3 is adjacent on window plane, and has spacing e, and e is corresponding to the mean distance of two eyes of people.To the half-angle at each window 10,11 center, from the Z-axis to the display normal α s.

The spacing of slit 15 is chosen as the integral multiple of the pel spacing of SLM4 in the parallax barrier 5, so pixel column groups is relevant with one of parallax barrier specific slit.Shown in Figure 1 is a display device, and wherein two of SLM4 pixel columns are relevant with each transmission slit 15 of parallax barrier.

Shown in Figure 2 is that wherein the spacing of parallax barrier accurately is the integral multiple of pixel column spacing by the angular regions of the light of SLM4 and parallax barrier 5 generations.In this case, mix from the angular regions of the different azimuth on display board surface, the zone of watching image 1 or image 2 (wherein " image 1 " and " image 2 " expression is by two shown width of cloth images of SLM4) that can be pure does not exist.In order to achieve the above object, the spacing of parallax barrier preferably reduces a little, makes it be slightly less than the integral multiple of pixel column spacing.Therefore, angular regions concentrates on a predefined plane (" window plane ") of display front.Above-mentioned effect wherein also shows SLM4 and revises the image-region that back parallax barrier 5 ' is set up as shown in Figure 3.The viewing areas of Chuan Jianing is the kite shape substantially on planimetric map according to the method described above.

Shown in Figure 4 is the planimetric map of another kind of traditional multiple view directional display device 1 '.It corresponds essentially to display device shown in Figure 11, and just parallax barrier 5 wherein places after the SLM4, so it is between bias light and SLM4.The advantage of this device is that parallax barrier is more invisible for the observer, and the front of the pixel of display and device is more approaching.Further, although Fig. 1 and 4 shows a transmission display device by ambient light illumination, it also is known being to use the reflection unit of ambient light (under bright conditions).Under the situation of transmission and reflection unit, the parallax barrier of back shown in Figure 4 will can not absorb ambient light, be provided a 2-D display mode because it closes.If display has the 2-D pattern of using reflection ray, this is an advantage.

In the display device shown in Fig. 1 and 4, parallax barrier is used as the parallax optics.The parallax optics of other kind also is known.For example lenticular lens array can be used for the direction that the image orientation that interweaves is different, make to form a stereo-picture to or form two or more images, each is positioned at different directions.

The holographic method of separate picture is known, but in fact said method is limited by the viewing angle problem, the pseudoscopic regions problem, and shortage is to the simple control of image.

Another kind of parallax optics is a kind of little polarizer display, use the little polarizer element of high precision of a kind of polarization direction light source and medelling and the alignment of pixels of SLM, aforementioned display device has the high video in window quality and the potentiality of an integrating device, and the ability of switching between 2D display mode and 3D display mode.Matter of utmost importance when using little polarizer display as the parallax optics is to avoid the problem of parallax experienced as SLM that little polarizer element is packed into.

When the colored demonstration of needs, give optical filter that is associated with one of three primary colours of each pixel of SLM4 usually.By controlling ternary pixel groups, wherein each pixel all has the optical filter of a different colours, can produce all visible colors.In automatic stereoscopic display device, the passage of each stereo-picture must comprise enough colored filters and be convenient to balanced color output.For the ease of making, the colored filter of a lot of SLM all is to install by vertical row, is associated with it so the pixel in given row has same colored filter.If the parallax optics is installed on the SLM, three row pixels wherein are associated with each slit or the lens of parallax optics, and each viewing areas will only can be seen a kind of color pixel so.Must avoid occurring this situation to the layout of colored filter is careful especially.Suitable colorized optical filtering chip layout has detailed description in EP0752610A.

The function of parallax optics in the directional display apparatus shown in accompanying

drawing

1 and 4 is that the pixel of restriction light by SLM4 reaches some output angle.Above-mentioned restriction has defined at the point element of parallax optics (for example transmission slit) viewing angle of each pixel column afterwards.The angular range of the view of each pixel is by pel spacing p, the interval s on pixel planes and parallax optics plane, and the decision of the refractive index n of the material between pixel planes and the parallax optics plane (being substrate 7 in the drawings).H Yamamoto et al., at IEICE Trans Electron., volume .E83-C, No.10, the 1632nd page (2000), in " using the optimal parameter and the viewing areas of the stereo colour light-emitting diode display of parallax barrier ", illustrated that the separation angle between the image of automatic stereoscopic display device will be determined according to the distance between display picture element and the parallax barrier.

Half-angle α shown in Fig. 1 and 4 is following calculating:

sinα＝nsin(arctan(p/2s)) (1)

The angular separation that the existing problem of many existing multiple view directional displays is exactly two width of cloth pictures is too little.On the principle, angle 2 α between the form will be with the increase of pel spacing p, with parallax optics and pixel apart from the reducing of s, perhaps the increase with the refractive index n of substrate increases.

UK number of patent application co-pending is that 0315170.1 application has been described by the effective spacing that increases pixel and increased angular separation between the form of multiple view directional display.This can make two or more neighbors represent same image by with group pixels.If color sub-pixel Alternation Display image 1 and image 2, this is called as NP1, if color sub-pixel to Alternation Display image 1 and image 2, this is called as NP2.If three colored subpixel group Alternation Display images 1 and image 2, this is called as NP3.Said method has a shortcoming to be exactly, because the valid pixel spacing becomes big, makes the spacing of parallax barrier increase, thereby has increased the observability of parallax barrier for the observer.

The dual view display that is mounted in the motor vehicle shown in Figure 5.This dual view display 18 is to be installed on the instrument panel 19 of motor vehicle.The piece image that is presented on the dual view display is a map, if motor vehicle has been equipped with the GPS positioning system, but the position of display machines motor-car also.This width of cloth view is visible for the driver of motor vehicle.Another secondary picture that dual view display 19 shows is an entertainment, film for example, and be visible for the passenger on the seat, motor vehicle front for example.This motor vehicle that is used in motor-driven car, is the application that becomes more and more important of double vision window display.

Shown in Figure 6 is the existing problem of dual view display with traditional parallax barrier 13 of being made up of opaque section 14 and transparent part 15.Shown in Fig. 6 a, when the beholder is positioned at the correct position 20 of watching picture 1, he only can see pixel 21 by slit 15.If but the beholder moves to another diverse location 22, he can see adjacent two

pixels

21,23 that show different pictures.Therefore he can see two width of cloth pictures at once from above-mentioned position.It shown in Fig. 6 b the corresponding

angular regions

24,25 that the beholder can see image 1 and image 2.He just can see two width of cloth pictures at zone line 26.This is called as " crosstalking ".

A kind of method that addresses the above problem is exactly the width that reduces transparent part 15, shown in Fig. 6 c.The beholder can see the pixel 21 of display image 1, and can not see the pixel 23 that is adjacent in some

positions

20,22 now.Shown in Fig. 6 d, the beholder can see that therein the zone 26 of two width of cloth pictures reduced, and only can see that the

zone

24,25 of image 1 or image 2 has increased.Unfortunately, the width that has reduced transparent slits 15 has caused watching the reducing of brightness of the image of seeing.In order to offer the enough spaces that moves freely of beholder's head, the width of transparent slits 15 must be half of pixel wide, and the brightness of panel is with 1/4th of the brightness of many view panel of right and wrong so.

G Hamagishi et al 1998 SID 98 Digest, " specially inviting paper: the display system with 2-D/3-D compatibility " of the 915th page wherein described in automatic stereoscopic display device and to have been used two parallax barriers.According to the slit width of fence, two fence both can stop the beholder to see two crosstalk zone (eyes are seen a width of cloth view) in the view, also can eliminate when watching the brightness that produces when mobile before panel to change.

JP-A-8146346 discloses pixel and has been divided into ternary LCD.The image segments on the pixel groups Alternation Display left side and the right (NP3 interweaves).Use a colored filter parallax barrier to allow light emission from pixel groups to different directions.Colored filter fence and LCD colored filter use same three primary colours.

JP-A-8146347 has described the design of a kind of JP-A-8146346 of being similar to.Each slit of colored filter fence only allows light to pass through a LCD colored filter.

JP-A-8163605 discloses the another kind of colored filter fence design that is used for pixel is divided into ternary LCD.Its corresponding color of pixel of each colored filter slit is identical.

U.S. Patent number is that 5751479 images that disclose a kind of left side and the right are the interweave colored filter fence designs of LCD of (NP1 interweaves) of individual element.The colored filter fence is used for the image on the left side and the right is sent to suitable direction.The twice that to be positioned at the every part color on the colored filter fence be pixel wide.

US-A-2003/0067539 relates to a kind of about two colored filter fence with top view (many views).

U.S. Patent number 6392690 discloses a kind of NP1 parallax barrier with colored slit.This means that colored filter and fence can be positioned on the same plane.Only require one deck colored filter (promptly between two colour filters, not having the parallax effect).

According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of multiple view directional display, comprising: an image display device that constitutes by a series of images element, and by the parallax optics that constitutes of row's colored filter.

Can in angle, watch according to display of the present invention than wideer in the past scope.Therefore can increase user's head degree of freedom and can not cause the reduction of display brightness.In addition, can reduce the zone with 90 ° of displays, the scope of promptly crosstalking and producing.This can prevent that also the beholder of dual display from seeing two width of cloth pictures simultaneously.

Each colored filter is preferably aimed at set of diagrams pixel spare separately, and colored filter can be positioned at the opening part of parallax optical element.

In a kind of preferred implementation, each image component is used to launch a kind of light of primary colours, and at least one colored filter is used to transmit the light more than a kind of primary colours.The colored filter that use can be transmitted secondary colour allows to have bigger degree of freedom in the design of parallax optics.Therefore optics is installed in from the nearer place of image display device.This also can be convenient to provide the generation that form reduces to crosstalk of a kind of " black " center.

In addition, the parallax optics can comprise that at least one abundant transparent region is used to transmit the light of all three primary colours.Selectable, all colored filters can be secondary colours, only are used to transmit two kinds of primary colours.

Image component can Alternation Display two width of cloth images part (being called NP1 interweaves).Selectable, pixel is divided into two or three one group and is used to show every width of cloth image (NP2 and NP3 interweave).It is apparent that more the pixel of more number can be grouped shows every width of cloth image, complicated more although the design of colored filter will become

Colored filter preferably is arranged to the pattern that a kind of cycle repeats.Image component also can be arranged to a kind of pattern of cycle repeat its transmission colored light, and the pattern of the pattern of colored filter and image component can be different.In the single cycle of pattern colored filter number preferably greater than three.

In a kind of preferred implementation, the one-period of colorized optical filtering tablet mode comprises: one first optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of first primary colours; One second optical filter is used to transmit the light of first primary colours and second primary colours; One the 3rd optical filter is used to transmit the light of second primary colours and three primary colours; And one the 4th optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of three primary colours.

Interchangeable, the one-period of colorized optical filtering tablet mode comprises: one first optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of first primary colours; One second optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of second primary colours; One the 3rd optical filter is used to transmit the light of first primary colours and three primary colours; One the 4th optical filter is used to transmit the light of second primary colours; And one the 5th optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of three primary colours.

Also have a kind of interchangeablely, the one-period of colorized optical filtering tablet mode comprises: one first optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of first primary colours; One second optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of second primary colours; One the 3rd optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of three primary colours; One the 4th optical filter is used to transmit the light of second primary colours; And one the 5th optical filter is used to transmit the light of first primary colours.

In the above-described embodiment, three primary colours are preferably green.This can allow green (the 3rd) colored filter to be positioned at the centre of pattern.Its advantage is that effect is also not obvious if the green tint colo(u)r filter has been missed some redness and blue.This can solve since colored filter seepage caused crosstalks.

Image component number in the cycle of an image component pattern will be greater than three.For example, the image component pattern will comprise that element is used for according to the first, the second, the three, the three, the second, the first sequential firing primary colours light.

In another embodiment, the one-period of colorized optical filtering tablet mode comprises: one first optical filter is used to transmit the light of first primary colours and second primary colours; One second optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of three primary colours; One the 3rd optical filter is used to transmit the light of first primary colours and second primary colours.In this case, the cycle of an image component pattern can comprise following element, is used for according to the first, the 3 the second, the second, the three, the first sequential firing primary colours light.

In another embodiment, the one-period of colorized optical filtering tablet mode comprises: one first optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of first primary colours; One second optical filter is used to transmit the light of first primary colours and second primary colours; One the 3rd optical filter is used to transmit the light of second primary colours and three primary colours; One the 4th optical filter is used to transmit the light of the 3rd and first primary colours; And one the 5th optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of first primary colours.

The width of each colored filter is preferably basic identical with the spacing of image component.The one-period of colorized optical filtering tablet mode also comprises an opaque coating.But opaque coating is also always necessary.

In some embodiments, the width of colored filter changes, and allowing has better control to the trend from the light that image component sent.

Further embodiment comprises a mounting means, and the one-period of colorized optical filtering tablet mode comprises: one first optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of first primary colours; One second optical filter is used to transmit the light of first primary colours and second primary colours; One the 3rd optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of second primary colours; One first opaque coating; One the 4th optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of second primary colours; One the 5th optical filter is used to transmit the light of second primary colours and three primary colours; One the 6th optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of three primary colours; One second opaque coating; One the 7th optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of three primary colours; One the 8th optical filter is used to transmit the light of the 3rd and first primary colours; One the 9th optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of first primary colours; And one the 3rd opaque coating.

In this manner, the second, the five and the 8th optical filter may be than the first, the three, and the the four, the six, the 7th and the 9th optical filter is wide.

In another embodiment, the one-period of colorized optical filtering tablet mode comprises: one first optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of first primary colours; One second optical filter is used to transmit the light of first primary colours and second primary colours; One the 3rd optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of second primary colours; One the 4th optical filter is used to transmit the light of second primary colours and three primary colours; One the 5th optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of three primary colours; And one the 6th optical filter is used to transmit the light of the 3rd and first primary colours.It is wide that the first, the three and the 5th optical filter cans be compared to the second, the four and the 6th optical filter most.

In a kind of alternative embodiment, the one-period of colorized optical filtering tablet mode comprises: one first optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of first primary colours; One second optical filter is used to transmit the light of first primary colours and second primary colours; A transparent part is used to transmit the light of all three kinds of primary colours; One the 3rd optical filter is used to transmit the light of second primary colours and three primary colours; One the 4th optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of three primary colours.Transparent part is preferably narrow than colored filter.

Colored filter is convertible, makes the position of image window to regulate in response to moving of beholder, and display is switched between demonstration of double vision window and the demonstration of haplopia window.

Display is double vision window display preferably.

The colored filter preferred disposition is for making that the zone that is positioned at 90 ° of displays is dark for the beholder.

Provide a kind of parallax optics according to second aspect present invention, comprise colorful optical filter array, at least one transmits more than a kind of primary colours.

In another embodiment, bias light can be launched the light with different colours, does not need unnecessary colored filter.Therefore provide a kind of directional display with multiple form according to third aspect present invention, comprise a image display device, the light of at least one emission secondary colour with a series of images element that illuminates by array of source.

The limited head movement space of beholder when existing multi-view display is limited by on watching display one of a plurality of pictures.Another problem is exactly regional crosstalking between two width of cloth views of display.Embodiments of the present invention make when the brightness that does not cause display reduces, have increased available head movement space.Some embodiments are also reducing or are eliminating to provide the central black form when crosstalking.

Some preferred implementations of the present invention will illustrate by the following accompanying drawing of following example reference, wherein:

Shown in Figure 1 is the schematic plan view of a traditional autostereoscopic display apparatus;

Shown in Figure 2 is the synoptic diagram of a form that is provided by traditional multi view display device;

Shown in Figure 3 is the schematic plan view of a form that is provided by the traditional multiple view directional display device of another kind;

Shown in Figure 4 is the schematic plan view of another kind of traditional autostereoscopic display apparatus;

Shown in Figure 5 is a traditional double vision face device that is installed in the motor vehicle;

Fig. 6 a is to shown in Fig. 6 d being the method for crosstalking between a kind of known image that reduces double vision face display;

Fig. 7 a is to shown in Fig. 7 c being a kind of angle of every width of cloth image and method that reduces to crosstalk of increasing according to the present invention;

Shown in Figure 8 is the design parameter of colored filter parallax barrier;

Shown in Figure 9 is a kind of automatic stereoscopic display device and diagram that the NP3 that does not have colored filter interweaves with big fence and pel spacing;

Shown in Figure 10 is a kind of the have autostereoscopic display apparatus of little fence and pel spacing and diagram that NP1 interweaves;

Shown in Figure 11 is a kind of the have autostereoscopic display apparatus of big fence and pel spacing and diagram that NP1 interweaves;

Shown in Figure 12 is a kind of the have autostereoscopic display apparatus of big fence and pel spacing and diagram that NP3 interweaves;

Shown in Figure 13 is a kind of the have autostereoscopic display apparatus of big fence and pel spacing and diagram that NP1 interweaves, and does not wherein have opaque section on fence;

Shown in Figure 14 is a kind of the have dual view display of big fence and pel spacing and diagram that NP1 interweaves;

Shown in Figure 15 is a kind of the have dual view display of big fence and pel spacing and diagram that NP3 interweaves;

Shown in Figure 16 is a kind of have the dual-view display device of big fence and pel spacing and diagram that NP1 interweaves, and does not wherein have opaque section on fence;

Be the principle of operation of one embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 17 a and Figure 17 b.

Shown in Figure 180 is a kind of dual view display with the colored filter that transmits secondary colour;

Shown in Figure 19 a and the 19b two displays that have more than the repeat pattern of three colored filters;

Shown in Figure 20 a and the 20b two displays with colored filter of varying width;

It shown in Figure 21 a and the 21b display that has colored filter and on parallax barrier, have transparent part;

It shown in Figure 22 a and the 22b display that has changed pixel order;

Be that one embodiment of the present invention are how to reduce the spacing of fence and display shown in Figure 23 a and the 23b.

What employed identical Reference numeral was represented in the accompanying drawing all is identical parts.

It shown in Fig. 7 a front view according to the dual view display 1 with LCD pel array 8 and a parallax barrier 13 of one embodiment of the present invention.Pixel is to utilize the NP3 interlacing system to arrange, so first three

pixel

27,28,29 emissions red, green corresponding to image 2, blue light; Three pixels then, 30,31,32 emissions are red, green corresponding to image 1, blue light; Three pixels then, 33,34,35 emissions are red, green corresponding to image 2, blue light.

Parallax barrier 13 comprises zone of opacity 14 and slit 15, and is similar with the mode of fence among Fig. 6.At each slit 15 place a series of

colored filters

36,37,38,39 have been installed all.Colored filter and pixel be much at one at interval, four colored filters are all arranged in each slit in embodiment as shown in the figure, be respectively red, Huang, blue or green and blue.Red lightscreening plate only transmits ruddiness.Yellow filter transmits ruddiness and green glow, and the cyan optical filter transmits green glow and blue light, and blue color filter only transmits blue light.In this and ensuing figure, colored filter marks according to color: " R " is red, and " B " is blue, and " G " is green, and " Y " is yellow, and " C " is cyan, and " M " is purple.

The spacing of the

optical filter

36,37,38,39 in the slit and the spacing of pixel are much at one.Red lightscreening plate 36 and transitive graph are aimed at as the green pixel 31 of three pixel centers of 1.Yellow filter 37 is aimed at the blue color filter 32 at the edge of the group of image 1.Cyan optical filter 38 is aimed at the red pixel 33 of the reference position of the group of adjacent image 2, and blue color filter 39 is aimed at the green pixel at the center of the group of image 2.

Can find out that from Fig. 7 a the beholder only can see that the

angular range

20,22 of image 1 has obviously increased with respect to the arrangement among Fig. 6 a.In addition, slit width also obviously increases with respect to the slit width among Fig. 6 c, and the result makes brightness obviously increase.Therefore the beholder has obtained bigger head movement degree of freedom and has made the luminance loss of image littler.

Another advantage of arranging shown in Fig. 7 a is more obvious with respect to Fig. 7 b.When display 90 ° viewed,

optical filter

36,37,38,39 aim at

pixel

31,32,33,34, like this light from pixel can not pass through optical filter, therefore, when the beholder watches display from 90 °, it will can not see that display emission goes out light.This will fully reduce or even eliminate since use tradition opaque/image blend (crosstalking) that transparent parallax barrier produces.

This mode is shown in Fig. 7 c.Figure dexter regional 24 in, watching and can only see image 1, in the left hand zone 25 of figure, only watching and can see image 2.Between these two zones narrow regional 26 in, do not have light emission and this device to look like black the beholder.

Shown in Figure 8 is to the most important design parameter of the parallax barrier that comprises colored filter.As shown in Figure 8, pixel is arranged to alternately to launch the light of " left side " and " the right " image, uses interlacing system NP1.Should be understood that the parallax barrier that comprises colored filter can utilize any interlacing system, NP1, NP2, NP3 wait and design.

In Fig. 8 and later accompanying drawing, will to be which parts of images and they with them mark the color of the light of emission to pixel.For example, one is labeled as L _BPixel be a pixel for left image emission blue light.One is labeled as R _GPixel be expressed as the pixel of right image transmitting green light.

In Fig. 8, the spacing between pixel 8 and the parallax barrier 13 is marked " d ".In parallax barrier, use the arrangement of suitable colored filter, make different separately spacing at a wide region can both reach the same angular separation between the image.For example, are three times of fence shown in Figure 18 at the fence shown in Figure 14 13 apart from pixel 8, but the angular separation of two kinds of situation hypographs is identical.

Slit width in the fence 13 among Fig. 8 is labeled as " s ".Shown in Figure 8 is only to comprise Red lightscreening plate slit as an example.Slit width is almost being controlled the angular range beta that can see the left side or right pixels.For the head degree of freedom that obtains, this angular range need be very big.This example can be with reference to Figure 15 and 16.In Figure 15, slit width is very narrow, and pixel can only be seen in a very little angular range.Slit width becomes big in Figure 16, and pixel can be seen in a big angular range.

Shown in Figure 9 is known automatic stereoscopic display device, and parallax barrier 13 wherein has opaque section 14 and transparent slits 15, but does not have colored filter.Interlacing system is NP3.The width of the very big and slit of the spacing of fence pixel and one group of three pixel wide are (promptly forming for example three neighbors of the part of left image) quite.The light 40 that is used for beholder's right eye is from

right pixels

30,31, and 32 by slit 15.Same, the light 41 that is used for left eye is from

leftmost pixel

27,28, and 29 by slit 15.

Each

pixel

29,30,31 of right image is shown by dashed lines facing to the angular range of slit.The left eye 41 that it is apparent that the beholder also can be seen some light from least some red pixels 30 of right image.Therefore between the image crosstalk very big, although and the brightness of every width of cloth picture very high, the beholder can see colored artefact and have only very little head movement degree of freedom.

Shown in Figure 10 is similar automatic stereoscopic display device, although pixel in this case 8 is to use the NP1 interlacing system to arrange, and the spacing between the fence pixel is very little.The width of each slit 15 is equivalent to the width of each independent pixel.Each

right pixels

48,50,52 also is that with dashed lines marks facing to the angular range of slit.Will not crosstalk specifically or colored artefact, but brightness and head degree of freedom are all very little.

Shown in Figure 11 is to use colored filter in automatic stereoscopic display device.The spacing of fence and pixel is very big and width slit and pixel is also suitable, according to the NP1 arrangement that interweaves.With respect to similar display with empty slit replacement colored filter, display has good head degree of freedom and brightness, and does not have colored artefact.

Shown in Figure 12 is similarly to arrange with Fig. 9, but red, and green and

blue color filter

55,56,57 is inserted into slit 15.This has reduced the chance that the color artefact is taken place.

Shown in Figure 13 is automatic stereoscopic display device, and colored filter is wherein arranged the feasible zone of opacity of having removed fully from parallax barrier 13.This has formed good head degree of freedom and brightness, and does not cause the color artefact.

Figure 14,15 and 16 are and Figure 11, the display similar design shown in 12 and 13 is except fence under every kind of situation is moved to pixel more approaching.This has increased the angular separation between two width of cloth pictures and has made this display be used as dual view display as outside the automatic stereoscopic display device.These displays all allow good head degree of freedom and have a black center " window " when 90 ° of displays are located to watch." left side " among Figure 14-16 and " the right " refer to a left side and right viewing location, rather than beholder's left eye or right eye.

The black center window is even more important to dual view display.Therefore the central area of automatic stereoscopic display device will be dropped between two eyes of user, can not seen, thereby crosstalk that it doesn't matter in this zone.But, getting back to the dual view display in the automobile shown in Fig. 5, the beholder in the middle of the being positioned at position of back (for example) will see display 18 from 90 °.Therefore aforementioned display device should have a black center zone rather than the zone of crosstalking is very important.

All displays shown in Figure 11-13 and the 14-16 uses and allows the colored filter that independent primary colours pass through.By using permission, in the design of parallax barrier, obtained greater flexibility more than the optical filter that a kind of primary colours pass through.

Shown in Figure 17 a being one has big slit and has the fence 13 that big angle is arranged facing to each colored filter at each pixel place.Display uses the NP3 interlacing system and has shown the redness that must make separately, the

zone

58,59,60 that green and blue light pass through.Change in order to obtain better angle, above-mentioned zone overlaps each other.It should be noted that the zone 58 of transmitting ruddiness is more much bigger than the

red pixel

27,30 by corresponding light.These big zones from each pixel transmission light have increased brightness and beholder's head degree of freedom.

Be that how above-mentioned fence is made in the practical operation shown in Figure 17 b.In the time will transmitting green and red light simultaneously, use yellow filter 61.Use cyan optical filter 62 in the time of will transmitting green and blue light simultaneously.In other words, some colored filters can be secondary colour rather than primary colours.It should be noted the width of each optical filter and pixel width much at one, but shown in 17a, the

zone

58,59,60 of transmitting each primary colours is more much bigger than the width of respective pixel.This display has the good angular range of good brightness, every width of cloth picture, and does not crosstalk.

Shown in Figure 180 is and the similar display of Figure 10 that wherein the secondary colour optical filter is inserted into slit 15.The use of colored filter in such fence removed fence by crosstalking of promptly watching from the oblique angle outside the viewing areas on the common left side and the right.

Be the NP3 display shown in Figure 19 a, slit is wherein further enlarged.This display can be used as automatic stereoscopic display device or dual view display.Colored filter " is rearranged " thereby makes them no longer according to simply red, and is green, and blue pattern all has five optical filter 63-67 in each slit 15.Be the similar arrangement of only using primary filter 63-67 shown in Figure 19 b, but in each slit, still have five.The order of pixel has also changed in Figure 19 b: the order of leftmost pixel is the mirror image of right pixels order.

Rearranging colored filter allows fence more near panel.Also allow the centre of green color filter (shown in Figure 19 b) at slit.If green color filter has been missed some ruddiness and the blue light influence is also not obvious.This can help to reduce owing to colored filter leaks the cross-interference issue that look produces.

Be another embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 20 a.Optical filter is not unified width in this embodiment.Each slit 15 comprises a secondary colour optical filter 68, and one of its side is a narrower primary filter 69.This can make has further control to the direction that transmits light.

Figure 20 b is one and Figure 20 a similar design, but has removed zone of opacity 14.All expand at the primary filter of zone of opacity both sides and to fill this zone, so the angular range of each pixel, and the degree of freedom of head movement is very big, but very little crosstalking and high brightness still arranged.

Shown in Figure 21 is another embodiment of the invention.Zone 58 ', 59 ', 60 ' shown in Figure 21 a is similar to the regional 58-60 shown in Figure 17 a, wherein transmits redness, green and blue light respectively.At the slit center of all three region overlappings, all light of all three primary colours all will pass through.Use it for actual fence 13 as Figure 21 b.Central area 70 almost is the light that all three primary colours are transmitted in transparent making it possible to, and both sides are secondary colour

optical filters

71,72.

Figure 22 provides the example of the possible arrangement of another kind according to the present invention.All be to interweave, in both cases for the pixel order of the left side and right image and different with NP3.

Shown in Figure 23 is how to use the secondary colour optical filter can make fence 13 and pixel 8 more near reaching angular separation same between image.Optical filter all is that the spacing of primary filter and fence pixel is very big in Figure 23 a.In Figure 23 b, use secondary colour optical filter and a transparent part 70 to make fence more near pixel.On effect, the zone by each primary colours among Figure 23 a is bigger than Figure 23 b's.

The arrangement that should be understood that Figure 23 b provides a head degree of freedom bigger than Figure 23 a.This is because be equivalent to the width of pixel at each colored filter by independent a kind of primary colours of Figure 23 a.In Figure 23 b, by the zone of independent a kind of primary colours bigger-greater than the twice of the width of pixel.

The invention provides a kind of multiple view directional display, aforementioned display device comprises a display device and has the parallax optics of colorful optical filter array.One skilled in the art will appreciate that without departing from the scope of the invention, can carry out different modifications above-mentioned embodiment.

For example, above-mentioned embodiment all is to illustrate with reference to the multi-view display that has parallax barrier 5 before spatial light modulator 4 shown in Figure 1.Should be understood that the display shown in Figure 4 that is applied to that the present invention also can be equal to, parallax barrier 5 wherein is between bias light 11 and SLM.In the another kind of interchangeable mode, parallax barrier aperture array 13 can be removed fully, and bias light itself is arranged the light that is used to launch different colours.For example, bias light can comprise led array, some or launch the light of secondary colour all.

In another kind improved, colored filter or bias light color array were convertible.This can make the position change of the left side and the right form.Above-mentioned is of great use, for example in an automatic stereoscopic display device.If can dynamically ressembling, beholder's head movement, display make the image on the left side and the right still be positioned in their eyes.Interchangeable, all colored filters and zone of opacity in the conversion parallax barrier make that they all are transparent, and double vision window display can be ressembled becomes a haplopia window display.

Claims

1. multiple view directional display comprises: comprise the image display device of set of diagrams pixel spare, and the parallax optics that comprises row's colored filter.

2. display as claimed in claim 1, wherein each colored filter and set of diagrams pixel spare are separately aimed at.

3. display as claimed in claim 1 or 2, colored filter wherein is installed in the opening part of parallax optics.

4. as the described display of claim 1,2 or 3, each image component wherein is used to send a kind of light of primary colours, and wherein at least one colored filter is used to transmit light more than a kind of primary colours.

5. as one of the claim of front described display, wherein the parallax optics comprises that at least one abundant transparent region is used to transmit the light of all three primary colours.

6. display as claimed in claim 4, wherein all colored filters all are secondary colours, are used to transmit two kinds of primary colours.

7. display as claimed in claim 6, the wherein part of demonstration two width of cloth images that replace of image component.

8. as one of the claim of front described display, wherein colored filter is to arrange according to the pattern that the cycle repeats.

9. display as claimed in claim 8, wherein image component is arranged the pattern emission colored light that repeats according to the cycle, and the pattern of colored filter and image component is different.

10. display as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein the one-period of colorized optical filtering tablet mode comprises: one first optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of first primary colours; One second optical filter is used to transmit the light of first primary colours and second primary colours; One the 3rd optical filter is used to transmit the light of second primary colours and three primary colours; And one the 4th optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of three primary colours.

11. display as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein the one-period of colorized optical filtering tablet mode comprises: one first optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of first primary colours; One second optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of second primary colours; One the 3rd optical filter is used to transmit the light of first primary colours and three primary colours; One the 4th optical filter is used to transmit the light of second primary colours; And one the 5th optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of three primary colours.

12. display as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein the one-period of colorized optical filtering tablet mode comprises: one first optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of first primary colours; One second optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of second primary colours; One the 3rd optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of three primary colours; One the 4th optical filter is used to transmit the light of second primary colours; And one the 5th optical filter is used to transmit the light of first primary colours.

13. display as claimed in claim 12, wherein the image component pattern comprises and is used for according to the first, the second the element of the three, the three, the second, the first sequential firing primary colours light.

14, as claim 12 or 13 described displays, three primary colours wherein are green.

15. display as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein the one-period of colorized optical filtering tablet mode comprises: one first optical filter is used to transmit the light of first primary colours and second primary colours; One second optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of three primary colours; One the 3rd optical filter is used to transmit the light of first primary colours and second primary colours.

16. display as claimed in claim 15, wherein the image component pattern comprises and is used for according to the first, the three the element of the second, the second, the three, the first sequential firing primary colours light.

17. display as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein the one-period of colorized optical filtering tablet mode comprises: one first optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of first primary colours; One second optical filter is used to transmit the light of first primary colours and second primary colours; One the 3rd optical filter is used to transmit the light of second primary colours and three primary colours; One the 4th optical filter is used to transmit the light of the 3rd and first primary colours; And one the 5th optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of first primary colours.

18. as the described display of one of claim 10 to 17, wherein image component is aligned to triplets, thereby three adjacent image components show it is same sub-picture.

19. as the described display of one of claim 10 to 18, wherein the width of each color filtering sheet equates in fact with spacing between the image component.

20. as the described display of one of claim 10 to 19, wherein the one-period of colorized optical filtering tablet mode also comprises an opaque coating.

21. display as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein the width of colored filter changes.

22. as the described display of claim 8,9 or 21, wherein the one-period of colorized optical filtering tablet mode comprises: one first optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of first primary colours; One second optical filter is used to transmit the light of first primary colours and second primary colours; One the 3rd optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of second primary colours; One first opaque coating; One the 4th optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of second primary colours; One the 5th optical filter is used to transmit the light of second primary colours and three primary colours; One the 6th optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of three primary colours; One second opaque coating; One the 7th optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of three primary colours; One the 8th optical filter is used to transmit the light of the 3rd and first primary colours; One the 9th optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of first primary colours; And one the 3rd opaque coating.

23. display as claimed in claim 22, wherein the second, the five and the 8th optical filter is than the first, the three, and the the four, the six, the 7th and the 9th optical filter is wide.

24. as the described display of claim 8,9 or 21, wherein the one-period of colorized optical filtering tablet mode comprises: one first optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of first primary colours; One second optical filter is used to transmit the light of first primary colours and second primary colours; One the 3rd optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of second primary colours; One the 4th optical filter is used to transmit the light of second primary colours and three primary colours; One the 5th optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of three primary colours; And one the 6th optical filter is used to transmit the light of the 3rd and first primary colours.

25. display as claimed in claim 24, wherein the first, the three and the 5th optical filter is than the first, the second, and the 4th and the 6th optical filter is wide.

26. as claim 24 or 25 described displays, parallax element does not wherein comprise opaque section.

27. as the described display of claim 8,9 or 21, wherein the one-period of colorized optical filtering tablet mode comprises: one first optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of first primary colours; One second optical filter is used to transmit the light of first primary colours and second primary colours; A transparent part is used to transmit the light of all three kinds of primary colours; One the 3rd optical filter is used to transmit the light of second primary colours and three primary colours; One the 4th optical filter is used for only transmitting the light of three primary colours.

28. display as claimed in claim 27, transparent part wherein is narrower than colored filter.

29. as the described display of one of claim 1 to 7, colored filter wherein is to install according to the pattern that the cycle repeats, and the number of the colored filter in the independent one-period of pattern is greater than three.

30. as the described display of one of claim 1 to 7, image component wherein is to install according to the pattern that the cycle repeats, and the number of the image component in the independent one-period of pattern is greater than three.

31. as the described display of one of claim 1 to 7, wherein the width of colored filter changes.

32. as one of the claim of front described display, wherein part or all colored filters are convertible.

33. as one of the claim of front described display, display wherein is a dual view display.

34. dual view display as claimed in claim 33, wherein colored filter is arranged and makes that the zone that is positioned at 90 ° of displays is dark In the view of the beholder.

35. a multiple view directional display comprises an image display device, this image display device comprises one group of image component that is illuminated by row's light source, wherein light of a kind of secondary colour of at least one light emitted.

36. a parallax optics comprises row's colored filter, wherein at least one colored filter transmits the light more than a kind of primary colours.