A kind of short-brace rod type expanding-chord truss and preparation method thereof
Technical field:
The present invention relates to novel truss string structure of a kind of short-brace rod type and preparation method thereof, belong to large span truss string structure technical field.
Background technology:
Closely during the last ten years, China's steel work is that the building of main body is more and more many, wherein in large public building as the airplane exhibition building, the conference and exhibition center, indoor coal storage yard in the industrial construction etc., its architectural plane form is in the majority with rectangle, for the roof system of the rectangle plane of large span, and normal pipe trussed construction and the tension string beam structure of adopting.The pipe trussed construction, refer generally to the plane or the space tube truss structure of " plan beam type " stress system, as the Shenzhen Airport terminal the second stage of the project (tubular joist structure that 135m * 174m) adopts (post net 18m * 54m), Nanjing International Exhibition Centre (94m * 273m), conference and exhibition center, Wenzhou etc. has also all adopted this class formation, be characterized in " grid is big, caliber is big, truss big ", be suitable for aspect ratio most greater than 1.5~2.0 rectangle plane, but its steel using amount be bigger than normal in truss space.It is the abbreviation of Beam String Structure that tension string beam structure is called for short " BSS ", its rope bar, girder construction system that to be a class be made up of last quarter rope, wind up beam and perpendicular web member, by stretch-draw to last quarter rope, the axial pressure of perpendicular web member makes the beam that winds up produce internal force and the displacement opposite with the external load effect, plays the unloading effect.Tension string beam structure is at first proposed in 1984 by Nihon University M.Saitoh professor at first, and be widely used in the roof structure of large, medium and small span in Japan, it is defined as " connecting the arch formula box steel beam of top bending resistance pressurized and bottom tension cable wire and the self equilibrium systems that forms with strut ".Its basic principle is: upper chord and lower chord are the circular arc profile, and open the string beam with web member and upper chord and the hinged formation of lower chord, to open string beam one end fixes, the other end makes it can horizontal sliding, to following cable stretching, the prestressing force of rope makes the inside slippage of upper chord that bar is bent, and makes the strut pressurized then, Suo Shoula forms self equilibrium systems; After self equilibrium systems formed, it was in place to winch to capital, was operational phase after laying roofing joint loads such as Eurya plant bar and roof panel.The Pudong International Airport in Shanghai terminal roof system that China built up in the later stage nineties 20th century is exactly a representational large span tension string beam structure, the span of its booking hall and loading arcade reaches 82.6m and 54.3m respectively, winding up of it formed so that short tube is continuous by three parallel square steel pipes, web member then is a round steel pipe, and lower edge adopts high-strength cold-drawn galvanized steel tow.International Conference Centre, the Guangzhou roof system that built up in 2002, span 126.6m, adopt a kind of new " truss string structure " structural system, filled up domestic blank, and this type of structural system developed to some extent, it is defined as " connecting the arch formula plane of top bending resistance pressurized or space truss and bottom tension cable wire and the self equilibrium systems that forms with strut ", being called for short " TSS " is the abbreviation of TrussString Structure, winding up of it is actually arch formula space multistory truss-like " curved beam ", strut is hinged with the spandrel braced arch lower edge that winds up, last quarter rope passes the rope ball, in the stretch-draw forming stage, the top truss is bent, its flexural stress is distributed on the truss, truss top two bar tensions, bottom single pole pressurized, the strut pressurized, following Suo Shoula, strut and following Suo Rutong open the string beam, increase pressure and pulling force, the truss that winds up remains flexural stress and compressive stress stack, still belongs to " tension string beam structure " from its structure and formation principle analysis, it is named seemingly has improperly for " truss string structure ", and it does not leave the definition of tension string beam structure." tension string beam structure " of the prior art is though have many advantages, but still have following problem: 1, the arc arched girder on top or belfast truss cause cross section compressive stress stack, for strengthening opening the supporting capacity and the rigidity of structure of string beam, have only the section area that strengthens top arch formula box steel beam and bottom cable wire, steel using amount is increased; 2, strut and top arch formula box steel beam axle is hinged, and is hinged by the high-strength bolt clamping balls with the rope ball with the bottom cable wire, and complex structure has increased the making processing charges of structure, makes the cost increase; 3, the long strut that be arranged in parallel is 6m~12m, and its shear stiffness to structure does not almost have contribution, and its shear stiffness is only born by case web or bow member web member, and shear stiffness is lower; 4, construction is complicated, and the construction technology expense is higher, must be shaped earlier on ground, then lifting; 5, at wind load larger area or typhoon region, roof truss forms the negative pressure opposite with joint load, wind suction makes the Suo Lali forfeiture of a string beam bottom, its self equilibrium systems does not exist, deterioration of safety, this moment will be at roofing counterweight or drag-line, and is stable to guarantee that negative interaction power loses greatly and not, make steel using amount increase so again, cost raises.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to: provide that a kind of rolled steel dosage is low, simple structure, cost of manufacture is low, performance good, construction is easy, and can be adapted to short-brace rod type expanding-chord truss of wind suction load and preparation method thereof, it is called for short " NTTSS-SSB " (being the abbreviation of New Type Truss String Structure of Short Strat Bracing), to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
The present invention is achieved in that
The preparation method of short-brace rod type expanding-chord truss of the present invention is: it adopts traditional spindle-shaped truss is support body, and on the lower edge of spindle-shaped truss, adopt rigidly connected method to be connected with the short strut of a row, its short strut is rigidly connected with the form of vertical straight Jackstay type or with the form of V font diagonal brace rod-type and the lower-chord panel point of spindle-shaped truss, be the strong point of cable wire with the two ends support node of spindle-shaped truss and the top node of every short strut then, and be that fulcrum carries out stretch-draw to cable wire with the two ends support node of spindle-shaped truss, two ends with the cable wire after the stretch-draw are separately fixed on the two ends support node of spindle-shaped truss then, promptly make short-brace rod type expanding-chord truss.
Short-brace rod type expanding-chord truss of the present invention is: it comprises spindle-shaped truss (1), on the lower edge of spindle-shaped truss (1), be fixed with short strut (2), lower end at short strut (2) is fixed with pedestal (4), bearing (5) is housed on pedestal (4), axle (6) is housed on bearing (5), cable wire (3) is pressed on the axle (6), and cable wire (3) its two ends under tensile state are separately fixed on the two ends support node of spindle-shaped truss (1); Central authorities at axle (6) have arc groove, and cable wire (3) is close on the groove; All be fixedly connected with stiffener (7) between short strut (2) and the spindle-shaped truss (1) and between short strut (2) and pedestal (4); The length of short strut (2) is 0.3m~2.0m.
Owing to adopted technique scheme, the present invention to be actually " being subjected to drag-line and the structure self equilibrium systems that forms " with the shuttle-type girder truss of the short strut connection positive and negative bending resistance in top and bottom.Its working stage is divided into following two steps:
1, the structure formation stage (" one-tenth form "): because the active force of short strut (2) makes the upper chord axial tension of spindle-shaped truss (1), lower chord pressurized, web member press, draw alternate, and bearing stretching force horizontal component is born by the truss lower chord, the lower chord pressurized; The vertical stress component of bearing stretching force is born by two end bearings, and during stretch-draw forming, bearing does not have excessive horizontal sliding, bottom cable wire (3) tension, and form the structure self equilibrium systems.
2, spindle-shaped truss winds up (" load attitude ") under the joint load active state: the upper chord pressurized of top spindle-shaped truss (1), the lower chord tension, diagonal web member is from two end bearings, press, draw alternate, bottom cable wire (3) pulling force increases, after the internal force of two kinds of duties superposeed respectively, the upper chord compressive stress of spindle-shaped truss (1) reduces, the tensile stress of lower chord reduces, the pulling force of bottom cable wire (3) strengthens, and the drawing of web member, pressure is also corresponding to be reduced, and short strut (2) pressure increases, from structural strength analysis, main stressed member is the upper chord of spindle-shaped truss (1), lower chord internal force reduces, and bottom cable wire (3) pulling force increases, and the tensile strength of cable wire is 5~7 times of Q235 and Q345 steel pipe tensile strength, reasonably cloth rope and structure model selection can reach the ability that improves structural bearing capacity and reduce deformation, thereby reduce steel using amount.
According to above analysis, the present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, the conventional long strut top of opening string beam (" BSS ") and truss string structure beam (" TSS ") is arch formula steel plate box-girder and encircle formula pipe truss, and it is a bending component in operational phase, is bent, pressurized and cut long strut pressurized, bottom Suo Shoula; And the fusiformis space truss that bears positive and negative bending resistance that the top of short strut of the present invention is freely-supported holds, it just is subjected to axial pulling force and pressure at each rod member of operational phase, and internal force stack is its power to reduce trend, and the structural member section area significantly reduces, and steel using amount is descended; 2, lack the employing of strut and spindle-shaped truss lower chord and be rigidly connected, need not to use the rope ball to be connected with the high-strength bolt ball pivot with the bottom cable wire, but be connected with the cable wire rolling friction, simple for structure, cost of manufacture is low; 3, short strut of the present invention is extremely short, between 0.3m~2.0m, and the conventional strut length of opening string beam (" BSS ") and truss string structure beam (" TSS ") is 6m~12m, the length of short strut only be " BSS " and " TSS " strut length 8.3%~16.6% between, the shear-carrying capacity of structure is born by the drawing of spindle-shaped truss diagonal web member, pressure, and shear stiffness significantly improves; 4, conventional " BSS " and " TSS " is when stretch-draw, one end of bearing is fixed, one end can free horizontal slip, its not the span before the stretch-draw be L1=L0+ Δ 1 (L0 is the design span), after the stretch-draw, bearing one end is because of the inside horizontal sliding Δ 1 of the pulling force that is subjected to rope, thereby obtains designing span L 0, its construction equipment complexity, difficulty of construction is big, and expanding-chord truss of the present invention its malformation before and after stretch-draw is little, no excessive horizontal sliding, and span does not change, make its construction equipment reduce like this, it is simple to construct, and both can be shaped on ground, also can be in the installation at high altitude moulding; 5, light roofing is under the suction of wind, even the steel cable stretching force forfeiture, the spindle-shaped truss lower chord becomes pressurized by tension, also can not cause the structural instability phenomenon to occur, and therefore need not counterweight, thereby makes steel using amount significantly reduce, and reduces cost.
Description of drawings:
The structural representation of Fig. 1 when to be short strut of the present invention with the form of vertical straight Jackstay type be connected with spindle-shaped truss;
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-section of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 passes through connection diagram for short strut mutually with the spindle-shaped truss lower edge;
Fig. 4 is the left-hand lateral view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is a pedestal and the installation site schematic diagram of axle, bearing, cable wire;
Fig. 6 is for " BSS Dou stands up and climbs recessed stopping and climb earthworm scheme pond kiss pavilion a flat iron plate for making cakes and get human skull pinworm mark in the prior art
The sketch that Fig. 7 does not change for stretch-draw front and back span of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation that the spindle-shaped truss of space multistory shuttle-type truss-like " beam " is connected for short strut of the present invention with the form of vertical straight Jackstay type and top;
Fig. 9 is the schematic cross-section of Fig. 8;
The structural representation of Figure 10 when to be short strut of the present invention with the form of V font diagonal brace rod-type be connected with spindle-shaped truss;
Figure 11 is the schematic cross-section of Figure 10;
Figure 12 is the spindle-shaped truss of space multistory shuttle-type truss-like " beam " structural representation when being connected for short strut of the present invention with the form of V font diagonal brace rod-type and top;
Figure 13 is the schematic cross-section of Figure 12.
The specific embodiment:
Embodiments of the invention 1: as shown in Figure 1, it adopts spindle-shaped truss (1) is support body, and welding one row's length is the vertical short strut (2) of 0.3m~2.0m on the lower edge of spindle-shaped truss (1), every short strut (2) spacing each other is controlled at 1~2 internode distance of spindle-shaped truss (1), a pedestal (4) is all welded in bottom at every vertically short strut (2), all welding stiffener (7) between the vertically short strut of each pedestal (4) and every (2) and between every vertically short strut (2) and the spindle-shaped truss (1), on each pedestal (4), load onto two rolling bearings (5), and on rolling bearing (5), all load onto an axle (5), central open arc connected in star at axle (5), cable wire (3) is attached to respectively on the groove of every axle (5), be that the strong point of cable wire (3) carries out stretch-draw to cable wire on the two ends support node of spindle-shaped truss (1) with the top node of the two ends support node of spindle-shaped truss (1) and every vertically short strut (2) then, and after the two ends of the cable wire after the stretch-draw (3) being separately fixed on the two ends support node of spindle-shaped truss (1), be short-brace rod type expanding-chord truss.
Embodiments of the invention 2: as shown in Figure 8, by traditional approach space multistory shuttle-type truss-like " beam " is made on the top of spindle-shaped truss (1) earlier, all the other preparation methods are with embodiment 1.
Embodiments of the invention 3: as shown in figure 10, it adopts spindle-shaped truss (1) is support body, and welding one row's length is the tiltedly short strut (2) of V font of 0.3m~2.0m on the lower edge of spindle-shaped truss (1), 1~2 internode that strut (2) summit, bottom spacing each other is controlled at spindle-shaped truss (1) tiltedly lacked in each V font, tiltedly weld a pedestal (4) in the bottom of short strut (2) at every V font, all welding stiffener (7) between each pedestal (4) and the tiltedly short strut (2) of every V font and between every tiltedly short strut (2) of V font and the spindle-shaped truss (1), on each pedestal (4), load onto two rolling bearings (5), and on rolling bearing (5), all load onto an axle (5), central open arc connected in star at axle (5), cable wire (3) is attached to respectively on the groove of every axle (5), be that the strong point of cable wire (3) carries out stretch-draw to cable wire on the two ends support node of spindle-shaped truss (1) with the top node of the two ends support node of spindle-shaped truss (1) and every vertically short strut (2) then, and after the two ends of the cable wire after the stretch-draw (3) being separately fixed on the two ends support node of spindle-shaped truss (1), be short-brace rod type expanding-chord truss.
Embodiments of the invention 4: as shown in figure 12, by traditional approach space multistory shuttle-type truss-like " beam " is made on the top of spindle-shaped truss (1) earlier, all the other preparation methods are with embodiment 3.