Summary of the invention
For such background, one object of the present invention provides a kind of compactness, firm, hard and be easy to make the motor of entablature, and described motor is with reference to the motor of prior art.This purpose realizes by this motor is provided, the transverse stiffener and the guide face of described motor extend up to top board, and the guide face top of being supported by transverse stiffener on the relevant first side of cross is connected to the guide face top of being supported by transverse stiffener on the opposite side of relevant crosshead.The top of guide face is connected to each other obvious intensity and the hardness that has improved entablature.Formed thus vertical stiffener is not clear so far.And, extending up to top board by making guide face and transverse stiffener, entablature not only assembles but also firm easily.Vertically stiffener has obviously improved vertical hardness of entablature.
The top of adjacent guide face is by extending and can be connected to each other at its guide face in the plane, so that adjacent guide face can be formed by veneer.Can finish with aforesaid way for all guide faces on the crosshead same side, so that form a longitudinal extension plate structure.
Connection between adjacent guide face can be arch, to reduce notch effect.
The upper end of the longitudinal extension plate structure of the guide face of interconnection can be striden whole motor length basically and is connected on the top board.
Can be each cylinder base plate is provided, described base plate extends between guide face top.Base plate is provided with through hole and is used to hold piston rod.The chamber of Xing Chenging holds the cylinder sleeve bottom that has relief opening therefrom.
The waste gas container can be positioned at entablature.By with waste gas container and entablature integrator, the height and the width of size, the especially motor of motor are reduced significantly.And general structure will be lighter and hard.Preferably, the waste gas container is defined by the interconnection top of guide face in a side.Preferably, one of them defines the waste gas container by longitudinal side wall at opposite side.In the bottom, preferably, the waste gas container is defined by container floor, and described container floor extends between one of them at the interconnection top of guide face and the vertical outer wall of entablature.Preferably, it is low that container floor is provided with as far as possible, so that under the situation that does not increase motor height or width and obtain being used for the required volume of waste gas container.
The interconnection top that forms the guide face of a wall of waste gas container can be provided with one or several holes to each cylinder, so that waste gas combustion gas container and inlet chamber, the cylinder sleeve bottom that has relief opening is given prominence to into described indoor.
The zone of transverse stiffener can be provided with and be used for the mouth of waste gas from a cylinder to next cylinder path, and described transverse stiffener passes the waste gas container.
Camshaft can be arranged in the entablature, and transverse stiffener preferably is provided with porose and is used for the supporting element of camshaft.
Compressive force can be arranged between cylinder sleeve and the top board from the dunnage that cylinder sleeve is delivered to top board.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of motor that has improved stretching screw configuration design, and described motor is with reference to the motor of prior art.This purpose realizes that by a kind of cross hair style two-stroke internal-combustion engine is provided described motor comprises: the base that has the main bearing that is used for camshaft; Motor/crankcase the frame of welding, it is installed on the base with top board; Two relative vertical outer walls; And transverse stiffener, it is between crosshead, in vertically horizontal expansion and extending up on the top board between the outer wall.Transverse stiffener supports the guide face that is used for crosshead.Some stretching screws are clamped together base and motor/crankcase frame, thereby stretching screw is arranged in the plane of transverse stiffener, and in the plane of transverse stiffener, being used to hold the stretching screw hollow shape by being that two branches form with the transverse stiffener bifurcated, described branch is connected to the rear side of relevant guide face.
Therefore, produced and have the entablature of stablizing the hard, compact of hollow shape and being easy to assemble, described hollow shape is used to hold stretching screw.The stretching screw number that entablature according to the present invention has is to be used for half of stretching screw required in Danish Patent Application 1406/92 disclosed entablature, thereby corresponding the saving needs to produce stretching screw, producing the hole on the top board and produce the resource of tapped hole on base.And the end that is welded to the stiffening plate on the guide face can be set up the plane of approaching transverse stiffener.The benefit of doing like this is that the stiffening plate known to the Danish Patent Application 1406/92 needs complicated welding in the bottom of the entablature that is used to cave in, and described depression is used to hold Main bearing bolt/screw.Utilize the present invention can avoid these depressions and caused thus complicated welding.
Transverse stiffener can be before stretching screw by stopping the associated transverse stiffener, be connected to by curved section on the transverse stiffener that is stopped and be connected to the rear side of relevant guide face and bifurcated by end with the U-shaped plate with the U-shaped plate.
Change a kind of scheme, transverse stiffener also can be before stretching screw by stop the associated transverse stiffener, by with the end of two bendings or flat stiffening plate wherein an end on the bifurcated direction, be connected on the transverse stiffener (preferably, end that transverse stiffener stopped) and be connected to the rear side of relevant guide face and bifurcated by opposite end with horizontal stiffening plate.Transverse stiffener also can be before stretching screw by the bending of associated transverse stiffener is gone out himself plane, by with the end of crooked or flat stiffening plate wherein an end on the curved section that is connected to transverse stiffener on the bifurcated direction, and be connected to the rear side of relevant guide face and bifurcated by free end with two opposite ends of horizontal stiffening plate and transverse stiffener.
Laterally two bifurcateds of the forked section of reinforcer can be formed by plate, and described plate is around relevant stretching screw bending, so that save space and the welding process of being convenient to guide face and transverse stiffener.
Preferably, a part of length of stretching screw extends in the hollow shape, and described hollow shape is made of two bifurcateds of the forked section of guide face and transverse stiffener.
Purpose, feature, advantage and characteristic according to motor of the present invention can obviously be learnt from following detailed.
Embodiment
In the following detailed description, will present invention is described by preferred embodiment.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show big capacity multi-cylinder two-stroke turbo type diesel engine 1, and it is assembled by the base 2 that has the main bearing 3 that is used for bent axle 4.The number range of this kind engine cylinder is between 4 to 12.Consider actual conditions, only show one of them sectional view of cylinder.Base 2 is made up of the longitudinal beam of high strength welding and the cross coupling that has the cast steel bearing supports of welding.The piston 5 of motor 1 is connected on the bent axle 4 through piston rod 6, and described piston rod 6 is linked on the connecting rod 7 by crosshead 8.
The configuration entablature 9 of welding is installed on the base 2.Entablature 9 comprises the outer wall 10 of longitudinal extension and the top board 11 of support cylinder cover 12.Top board 11 is provided with on row's number corresponding to the through hole of engine cylinder number, accommodates cylinder sleeve 12 in each hole.The bottom that has relief opening cylinder sleeve 12 extends in the entablature 9.
Entablature 9 is provided with transverse stiffener 13 between each cylinder, the set-up mode of described transverse stiffener 13 is 10 interconnection of transverse plate and outer wall and extends to top board 11 from entablature 9 bottoms.Transverse stiffener 13 and outer wall 10 are connected by welding on the top board 11 on its whole contact length.When stiffener 13 was an integral body, they made the entablature casing have very high lateral stiffness
With reference to Fig. 3, be used to accept the vertical guide face 14 of transverse force as be installed in transverse stiffener 13 by welding, described transverse force acts on the crosshead 8 by its guide block 15.On the both sides of transverse stiffener 13, for facing one another, crosshead guide block 15 is therebetween by located lateral for two guide faces 14.Each side in crosshead 8 has a transverse stiffener 13, therefore, for each crosshead 8 four guide faces 14 is arranged.Two guide faces in four guide faces 14 are installed on the transverse stiffener 13 on relevant crosshead 8 one sides, and two other guide face 14 is installed on the transverse stiffener 13 on crosshead 8 opposite sides.Guide face 14 extends up to top board 11.Top 16 is provided with and is used at the upper area of entablature guide face 14 being connected to each other.Therefore, be connected to the guide face 14 that on crosshead 8 opposite sides, is installed on the transverse stiffener 13 on guide face 14 tops that the first side of cross is installed on the transverse stiffener 13.According to present embodiment, top 16 is for extending to the single through plate of the whole length of motor.
As shown in the figure, the connection between the top of guide face 14 can realize by forming two guide faces 14 from the monolithic guide plate.Yet, have other method in addition with 14 interconnection of two relative guide faces.
As shown in Figure 4, guide face 14 tops 16 of all cylinders interconnect, and therefore, the top 16 of guide face 14 has formed and made entablature 9 have the high vertically connection wooden partition of hardness.
The rear side of each guide face 14 is subjected to the support of vertical extent reinforced wall 17, and described vertical extent reinforced wall 17 connects together guide face 14 and transverse stiffener 13.As shown in the figure, reinforced wall 17 can be made up of flat plate, and described flat plate and transverse stiffener 13 acutangulate, yet, also may be by horizontal semi-round ring shape or 1/4th elliptical flat-plates 17 ' replace reinforced wall 17, that is, and reinforced wall 17 ' extend on the transverse stiffener 13 with the right angle substantially.Guide face 14, reinforced wall 17 and transverse stiffener 13 form the hollow shape 18 of high torsional stiffness.
Entablature 9 and base 2 are clamped together by a pair of contiguous stretching screw 19 that is provided with.The lower end of stretching screw 19 be fixed in the tapped hole of base 2 upsides and at the top of top board 11 by nut 20 tensions.Between the bottom of top board 11 and entablature 9, stretching screw extends to the inside of hollow shape 18, and therefore, its function is the stretching screw pipe.Hollow shape provides required hardness for the entablature casing, stands when being in work with convenient motor 1 to be delivered to big on the entablature casing and the power that changes by piston 5.
The dunnage 21 that will be delivered to from the compressive force of cylinder sleeve 12 on the top board 11 is set between cylinder sleeve and the top board, so that reduce the moment of flexure on the top board 11.The use of dunnage 21 makes the size of top board 11 less.
Be substantially between square base plate 22 is connected on guide face 14 by horizontal welding the laterally relatively interconnection top 16 and two adjacent transverse stiffeners 13 between.The annular flange 23 that is used for holding the sealing gasket (not shown) is soldered in the corresponding aperture of base plate 22 centers, and described sealing gasket is used for guiding and packed-piston bar 6.Base plate 22 (not shown) that can slightly tilt is so that discharge the fluid that may be collected on the base plate.Base plate 22 also can be crooked (not shown), so that increase its hardness, and described base plate 22 can utilize the alternative welding of bolt connection to be installed on the top 16.The bottom that has the cylinder sleeve 12 of exhaust port is projected in the chamber that produces between base plate 22 and top board 11.
Waste gas container 24 is positioned at entablature 9.One of them forms by the interconnection top 16 of outer wall 10 one of them and guide face 15 to define the waste gas wall of a container.The bottom of waste gas container is made of container floor 25, and described container floor 25 is welded on the interconnection top 16 of guide face 14 and vertical outer wall 10 between one of them.Base plate 25 can be set to the (not shown) of slight inclination, so that discharging may be collected in fluid on the base plate.The top of waste gas container is made of curved upper 26, and described curved upper 26 is welded between outer wall 10 and the top board 11.The zone on the interconnection top 16 of guide face 14 is provided with and makes waste gas combustion gas container 24 and enter hole 27 in the outstanding chamber, cylinder sleeve 12 bottoms, and described guide face 14 forms the boundary wall of waste gas containers 24.It is porose 28 that transverse stiffener 13 zones are provided with, and described hole 28 is used to make waste gas to lead to the path of another cylinder from a cylinder, and described transverse stiffener 13 passes waste gas container 24.
Under the situation of width that does not increase entablature 9 and height, container floor 25 is provided with hangs down as far as possible, so that obtain being used for the required volume of waste gas container 24.As the dotted line among Fig. 2 10 ' shown in, outer wall 10 can be given prominence on the zone of waste gas container 24, so that increase the volume of container.Camshaft 29 is arranged in the entablature 9 of waste gas container 24 offsides.Transverse stiffener 13 is provided with hole and the supporting element that is used for camshaft 29 in entablature 9 one sides.
Fig. 5 shows the part sectioned view of the second embodiment of the present invention, wherein, has the different structure of the profile of holding stretching screw.In the present embodiment, entablature also can be the crankcase and the camshaft that have each cylinder frame (not shown) and waste gas container and needn't be positioned at motor/crankcase frame.
Motor/crankcase the frame of welding have two relative vertical outer walls 10, and on two vertical opposite sides the transverse stiffener 13 adjacent with each crosshead 8.Transverse stiffener 13 is in vertically horizontal expansion and extend up to the top board (not shown) between the outer wall 10.The guide face 14 that transverse stiffener 13 is supported by them is transversal.Each crosshead 8 is subjected to the support of four guide faces 14.Guide face 14 extends to top board from motor/crankcase frame 9.Four guide faces 14 wherein two guide faces are subjected to the support of the transverse stiffener 13 on the side of relevant crosshead 8, and the transverse stiffener 13 that two other guide face 14 is subjected on the opposite side of relevant crosshead 8 supports.
Motor/crankcase frame 9 and base 2 are clamped together by stretching screw 19.Stretching screw 19 is arranged on the plane of transverse stiffener 13.Be used to hold the hollow shape 18 of stretching screw 19 ' and be branched into two branches 17 ' form by transverse stiffener 13 in stretching screw 19 fronts.The curved section of U-shaped plate is as being connected by welding to the end of terminal transverse stiffener.The branch 17 of U-shaped plate ' free end be soldered to the rear portion of relevant guide face 14.Like this, just produced stable hollow shape 18 ', wherein strain spiral shell right 19 and be accommodated in wherein.Compare with corresponding prior art stiffening plate, two branches 17 of forked section ' can be provided with near the plane of transverse stiffener 13 some.Therefore, avoided being used for the depression of stiffening plate 13 foots in given Main bearing bolt/screw space.
Fig. 6 shows first distortion of the second embodiment of the present invention.Transverse stiffener 13 in stretching screw 19 fronts by crooked transverse stiffener 13 to himself plane and branch.On bifurcated direction relative on stiffener 13 planes, stiffening plate 17 ' an end be soldered on the curved section of transverse stiffener 13.Stiffening plate 17 ' two opposite ends and the free end of transverse stiffener 13 be soldered to the rear portion of relevant guide face 14.The hollow shape 18 that stretching screw 19 is inserted into so forms ' in.
Fig. 7 shows second distortion of the second embodiment of the present invention.Transverse stiffener 13 makes their bifurcateds in stretching screw 19 fronts by termination.On the bifurcated direction, preferably on the terminal of transverse stiffener 13, two stiffening plates 17 ' the end wherein an end be soldered on the transverse stiffener 13.Stiffening plate 17 ' the opposite end be soldered to the rear portion of relevant guide face 14.The hollow shape 18 that stretching screw 19 is inserted into so forms ' in.
Two bifurcateds 17 of the forked section of transverse stiffener 13 ' can be by forming around the plate of relevant stretching screw 19 bendings (do not illustrate, but similar to Fig. 5 in shape).
Fig. 8 shows the side view on guide face 14 according to another embodiment of the present invention and interconnection top 16 thereof.Top 16 and guide face 14 can be formed by the monolithic steel plate.Compare with previous arch embodiment, the transition zone between guide face 14 and top 16 has provided the total body formed height in low bottom.Circular transition zone between the top 16 of guide face and interconnection has reduced notch effect, and has therefore reduced the peak stress on the transition zone.
Fig. 9 shows the side view on guide face 14 according to another embodiment of the present invention and interconnection top 16 thereof.In the present embodiment, the top of guide face 14 and interconnection is formed by the different masses steel plate, and described different masses steel plate is assembled by welding.
Figure 10 shows the side view on guide face 14 according to another embodiment of the present invention and interconnection top 16 thereof.In the present embodiment, the top of guide face 14 and interconnection is formed by the different masses steel plate, and described different masses steel plate is assembled by welding.Arch in top 16 be recessed in guide face 14 and the interconnection top 16 between provided circular transition zone, thereby reduced above-mentioned stress.
Figure 11 shows the side view on guide face 14 according to another embodiment of the present invention and interconnection top 16 thereof.In the present embodiment, guide face 14 and each top are formed by the different masses steel plate, and described different masses steel plate is assembled by welding.
Although the present invention is described in detail for illustrative purpose, should be appreciated that this detailed description only is for illustrative purpose, under the situation that does not depart from scope of the present invention, those skilled in the art can change these explanations.
Therefore, when the environment with reference to their exploitation was described the preferred embodiment of equipment and method, they only showed principle of the present invention.Under the situation that does not depart from the claim scope, can design other embodiment and configuration.