CN1588101A - Accurately positioning method and device for underground layered power cable defect position - Google Patents
Accurately positioning method and device for underground layered power cable defect position Download PDFInfo
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- CN1588101A CN1588101A CN 200410051760 CN200410051760A CN1588101A CN 1588101 A CN1588101 A CN 1588101A CN 200410051760 CN200410051760 CN 200410051760 CN 200410051760 A CN200410051760 A CN 200410051760A CN 1588101 A CN1588101 A CN 1588101A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a failure localizing method and device for underground electric cable, which includes time domain filter method and two-point difference speed trial method and the device for realizing above mentioned method. The time domain filter method includes failure point pulse discharging frequency; electromagnetic reception and sound wave reception; and the synchronous action of above three aspects; and sets the time period for closing discharging frequency. The two-point difference speed trial method places the magnetic detector as A and B points, samples and stores time data Ta and Tb at the two points; and works out the distance form the failure point to the measuring point through formula. The device includes electromagnetic amplification and comparison outputting circuit of received magnetic signal, the output circuit inputs the starting igniting pulse generated by the magnetic signal to the control pulse generating circuit, the pulse generating circuit generates magnetic wave through the potentiometer and closes the adjustable pulse width T1, and starts the adjustable pulse T2 of sound channel synchronous to it.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the underground power cable that is laid in, mainly be meant when cable breaks down, be used to detect and determine the underground laying power cable fault position accurate positioning method and the device of its position of failure point.
Background technology
Power cable fault is sought examining system and mainly is made up of three parts: and cable fault distance measuring equipment (hereinafter to be referred as: device A); Cable fault location positioning equipment (hereinafter to be referred as: equipment B); Cable burial path measurements equipment (hereinafter to be referred as: equipment C).
Main measuring principle adopts pulse echo method (being commonly called as radar range finding), magnetic, acoustic fix ranging method, high voltage, big current sampling etc.
Concrete technology contains: microelectronics technologies such as microwave, simulation, numeral, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) program design.
The equipment B series products can be divided three classes in the market:
Class is 1.: produce the characteristics of vebrato signal during according to Method of Cable Trouble Point disruptive discharge, single channel receives trouble spot discharging sound tone signal, according to the strong and weak fault location point position (seeing Fig. 3 sequential) of sound.
Class is 2.: generate electromagnetic waves during according to Method of Cable Trouble Point disruptive discharge and vibrate sound wave, and to around the characteristics propagated.Binary channels receives electromagnetic wave and vibration sound wave synchronously, electromagnetic wave is as triggering the start signal of opening the voice signal passage, (Fig. 4 burst length T) receives voice signal in the regular hour, and acoustical channel is closed At All Other Times, has improved the antijamming capability of instrument to a certain extent.
Another function of equipment is to postpone distance between (see figure 4) Ta and experience value of wave speed (estimated value) calculating measurement point and the trouble spot according to magnetosonic, and adopts the LED charactron to show.
Class is 3.: except that adopting class 2. the instrument magnetosonic binary channels receive mode, increased Single-chip Controlling A/D sampling, and LCD display waveform function, and it is far and near to postpone between Ta size estimation measurement point and the trouble spot distance according to magnetosonic.
Existing problems:
Class 1. equipment in the institute that the sound passage is opened free in, undesired signal can enter at any time, anti-interference is very poor, and do not have test the speed, range finding and waveform Presentation Function.
Class 2., class 3. equipment adopt the binary channels magnetosonic to receive synchronously, the rattle signalling channel is only opened (time T among Fig. 4) in the time after electromagnetic wave triggers, the equipment anti-interference is improved.But because the electromagnetic wave receiving cable also is in opening under the situation of trouble spot discharge off, other Electromagnetic Interference of space can enter instrument equally, produces false triggering, and unlatching sound passage forms interference to voice signal.And the size of acoustical channel opening time T, also measurement performance is exerted an influence, " T " is excessive, and measurement point when nearer, in the time, can be introduced audio disturbances at " T " apart from the trouble spot too; " T " is too small, and effectively acoustical signal will be blocked, and influence measurement range (distance).
In addition, class 1., 2., 3. equipment does not all have speed measuring function, this major defect makes accurate fault location point position very difficulty, especially cable laying complicated situation, as poling direct-burried, block, city cable duct etc.
Can find out by above elaboration, class 1., 2., 3. there are following two aspect defectives in equipment:
(1), poor anti jamming capability (especially class 1. instrument).
(2), lack speed measuring function (accurately fault location point position).
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is intended to solve existing power cable fault and seeks the defective of survey technology existence and propose a kind of underground laying power cable fault position accurate positioning method and device.
Method of the present invention comprises two kinds; The one, the time-domain filtering method, two is 2 difference velocimetries.
Realize that method of the present invention is: this accurate positioning method comprises cable fault range observation, cable fault location positioning and cable burial path measurements.What adopt is pulse echo method; Magnetic, sound time-domain filtering method; Voltage, current sampling method etc.Wherein method one mainly comprises the trouble spot pulsed discharge frequency; Receive with electromagnetic wave; Receive with sound wave; Synchronous working with above-mentioned three; With setting close the discharge frequency time period.The time period that said method is closed the discharge frequency by setting receives synchronously the trouble spot pulsed discharge frequency and electromagnetic wave; The unlatching that the electromagnetic wave reception is set is that sound wave receives unlatching constantly constantly; Electromagnetic wave reception and sound wave are received synchronously; Thereby realize that above-mentioned, a trouble spot discharge frequency, b electromagnetic wave receive, the c sound wave receives, three's synchronous working.
Method one also comprises:
It is identical that described synchronous working comprises that the trouble spot pulsed discharge frequency, electromagnetic wave receive, sound wave reception three opens the moment, promptly in rising edge of a pulse/negative edge triggering synchronous; With
The unlatching that the described time period of closing the discharge frequency is included in the electromagnetic wave receiving cable is constantly constantly opened beginning of opening of trouble spot discharge pulse each time, to the discharge frequency in the time interference electromagnetic wave in arbitrary moment close; With
Described synchronous working comprises that electromagnetic wave receives and the synchronous reception of the discharge frequency.
In addition, above-mentioned setting close the discharge frequency time period comprise:
It is T0 that the trouble spot discharge pulse frequency is set; With
Electromagnetic wave is set in the T0 scope, and to close turnable pulse width be T1; With
T1 levels off to T0; With
Sound wave turnable pulse width T2 is set; With
Trouble spot pulsed discharge frequency T0 is 3-5 second; Closing turnable pulse width T1 is 2-6 second.
Method two of the present invention is 2 differential techniques, and this method comprises that it is fixed frequency flowing water sampling pattern that data sampling is set; With electromagnetic wave is set is that the beginning trigger pip is opened in the voice signal sampling, and this opens the beginning triggering and is rising edge of a pulse/negative edge; With sampling length and frequency be set select control by scope; With each sampling be set finish, the sound waveform cls shows once.
Method two also comprises:
At first determine A, B point-to-point transmission length value L along the cable trace direction; With
Magnetic probe is placed on A, B 2 points respectively, samples successively and store time data Ta, the Tb of 2 of A, B; With
Utilize formula Vc=L/|Tb-Ta| to calculate the velocity of propagation of trouble spot discharge sound wave in media, and draw the distance of trouble spot to measurement point.And
Employing experience sound value of wave speed calculates and comprises:
At first import experience sound value of wave speed Vs; With
Determine A, B point-to-point transmission length value L along the cable trace direction; With
Magnetic probe is arranged on the A point sampling and stores the time T a of this point and apart from Sa; With
With magnetic probe displacement L to B point, sampling and the storage B time T b of ordering and apart from Sb; With
Calculate | Sb-Sa|=X, if X=L, the expression velocity of wave is error free; If X ≠ L, the expression velocity of wave has error, modified chi=L; Utilize formula Vc=L/|Tb-Ta| to calculate the velocity of propagation of trouble spot discharge sound wave in media, and draw the distance of trouble spot to measurement point by formula: Sc=VcTc (ScTc is respectively the distance and the time of measurement point to the trouble spot in the formula).
The device of realizing said method is: this device comprises high-voltage pulse generator, magnetosonic receiver, single-chip data processing LCD display, mould/number conversion and earphone and peripheral conventional support circuit.Its technical scheme is the electromagnetism amplification that receives magnetic signal to be set and to compare output circuit, this output circuit inputs to gating pulse generation circuit to the beginning trigger pulse that opens that the magnetic signal that receives produces, this pulse-generating circuit generates electromagnetic waves through the cross-over connection potentiometer and cuts out turnable pulse width T1 and synchronous therewith sound passage unlatching turnable pulse width T2.
The technical scheme of this device also comprises:
Described gating pulse produces adjustable through potentiometer, synchronous with the T1 pulsewidth T2 of circuit output, inputs to power amplification output circuit, and the guide sound passage is opened constantly and width, and acoustical signal inputs to mould/number conversion sample circuit after power amplification simultaneously.With
Described control pulse generation circuit generates electromagnetic waves to disturb through the cross-over connection potentiometer and closes turnable pulse width T1; And input to mould/number conversion controlling of sampling circuit simultaneously, open the beginning trigger pip as sound channel signal sampling beginning.
The present invention has following advantage:
1. adopt three synchronous time domain filter methods, the interference of having avoided other electromagnetic wave that voice signal is formed.
2. increase by 2 difference velocimetries, realized the accurate location of trouble spot.
3. device is simple, and is easy to use.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 installs synoptic diagram among the present invention, wherein 1 data processing display, 2 magnetosonic receivers, 3 control lines, 4 earphones, 11 earphone jacks, 12 signal input jacks, 21 t-antennas, 22 signal output plugholes, 23 discharge frequency pilot lamp.
Fig. 2 is the use synoptic diagram that installs among Fig. 1, wherein 5 high-voltage pulse generators, 6 trouble spots, 7 cables, T pressure regulator, PT step-up transformer, Q sphere gap.
Fig. 3 is the 1. working signal sequential chart of equipment of class.
Fig. 4 is the 2. working signal sequential chart of equipment of class.
Fig. 5 is the working signal sequential chart of method among the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the circuit block diagram that installs among the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the conduit line instrumentation plan, wherein 8 cover plates.
Fig. 8 is circuit theory diagrams.
Embodiment
In order fundamentally to solve the coarse problem of existing cable Fault Locating Method, the present invention proposes two kinds of technical schemes: 1, three synchronous time domain filter methods; 2,2 difference velocimetries.Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing said method is elaborated.
1. three synchronous time domain filter methods (improve equipment antijamming capability): 2., 3. functions of the equipments are as can be known from class, they have only realized that the two of electromagnetic wave and channel of acoustic wave receive synchronously, but, in discharge frequency To reaches time of 3～5 seconds, any space Electromagnetic Interference (random disturbance) all might enter magnet passage and cause false triggering (as Fig. 4 magnetic interference 1,2), opens sound channel and forms interference (as Fig. 4 acoustic jamming 2).The key of head it off is that the unlatching of electromagnetic wave receiving cable constantly should be only to the beginning of opening of trouble spot discharge pulse is opened (A point among Fig. 4) constantly each time, interference electromagnetic wave to the discharge frequency (Fig. 4 T0-T) arbitrary moment in the time is all closed, realize that electromagnetic wave receives and synchronous reception of the initial moment (rising edge or negative edge) of the frequency To that discharges, just can effectively overcome the above problems.
3 synchronous time domain filter methods of the present invention have effectively solved above problem, circuit block diagram as shown in Figure 6, signal receives by electromagnetism reception amplification and sound reception amplification two parts to be formed, discharge electromagnetic wave in trouble spot receives output of amplification ratio through electromagnetism, send into the gating pulse generator, two kinds of different pulse widths of triggering for generating (not reproducible triggering), the gating pulse T1 of turnable pulse width, T2 (seeing Fig. 5 sequential), T1 pulse width 2 to 6 seconds is adjustable.In case trigger, in 2 to 6 seconds, other disturbing pulse all closed.
T2 is sound passage opens wide gating pulse (as shown in Figure 6, selecting to adjust by the T2 scope), its pulsewidth decision measurement range and noise immunity.
Generally, the trouble spot discharge pulse frequency is 3 to 5 seconds, can be by high-voltage pulse generator control (see figure 2), be assumed to be 3 seconds at this, when the first time trouble spot discharge pulse electromagnetic wave be received, and triggering for generating T1, during T2, can be by adjusting (W01 among Fig. 6) T1 pulse width near 3 seconds (adjusting error such as Fig. 5 Tx), for example: 2.95 seconds, in this 2.95 seconds pulsewidths, as there is other electromagnetic interference (EMI), will be thoroughly closed, the initial moment of having realized the electromagnetic wave time of reception and trouble spot discharge frequency To receives synchronously, has effectively improved the antijamming capability of equipment.
The T2 pulse width selects to depend on the distance L (see figure 2) of measurement point to the trouble spot, when L value than hour, the T2 value is big more, introduce the probability big more (as Fig. 5 acoustic jamming A) of undesired signal, the T2 value is too little, will influence measurement range, and can solve this moment by adjusting the T2 pulsewidth.
When the L value hour, get less T2 value, can improve anti-interference.
When the L value is big, get big T2 value, can solve the measurement range problem.
The realization of above scheme success the trouble spot pulsed discharge frequency and electromagnetic wave receive, electromagnetic wave receives synchronouss working with sound wave reception three.
Improve the effect estimation:
For this kind equipment, between number 10ms～800ms scope, To was at 3～5 seconds for the discharge frequency greatly for sound passage opening time (among Fig. 4 among T, Fig. 5 T2), and passage opening time maximal value 800ms is got in conservative estimation, gets minimum value discharge time 3 seconds, then:
This equipment noise immunity raising=3000ms-800ms/3000ms * 100%
＝73％
2. 2 differential technique speed-measuring methods (accurately test the speed, distance measurement function by realization, solve the accurate orientation problem in trouble spot): circuitry adopts the Single-chip Controlling deal with data, and LCD shows sound waveform and every feature operation (seeing Fig. 6 circuit block diagram, Fig. 8 circuit theory diagrams).
Each data sampling adopts fixed frequency flowing water sample mode.
Electromagnetic wave is that beginning trigger pip (Fig. 5 T1, T2 rising edge of a pulse) is opened in the voice signal sampling, and sampling length and frequency are selected control by scope, and each sampling is finished, and the sound waveform cls shows once.
Speed-measuring method (1)
Connect equipment by Fig. 1,, see Fig. 7 with meter ruler tolerance cable trace direction A, 2 distance L values of B.Operating equipment enters the state of testing the speed, show prompting operation by screen, the magnetosonic probe is placed on A respectively, B 2 points, A is stored in sampling successively, 2 time data Ta of B, Tb, then according to speed formula: V=S/t (V in the formula: speed t: time S: distance) Vc=L/|Tb-Ta| (Vc in the formula: measure value of wave speed is arranged, L:A, 2 distance values of B, the Ta:A point is to the trouble spot C time, the Tb:B point is to the trouble spot C time, see Fig. 7), can draw measurement value of wave speed Vc by the internal processes operational computations, as continue to measure, according to formula: Sc=VcTc (Sc in the formula, Tc is respectively measurement point to distance between the trouble spot and time).Sequential operation can obtain apart from Sc, thereby finishes the accurate location of trouble spot.
Speed-measuring method (2) (according to measured the experience value of wave speed in the past)
At first measure A, B distance between two points L value, and remember this value (operator's memory).See Fig. 7, before sampling storage A, B two point data, according to measured empirical data in the past, the input experience value of wave speed Vs of elder generation, sampling storage A point time T a and apart from Sa then, the displacement of will pop one's head in L to B point is sampled and is stored B point time T b and apart from Sb (computing formula of Sa, Sb is: Sab=VsTab is by sequential operation), procedure operation is calculated | Sb-Sa|=X, and be shown on the screen, as: X=L, the expression velocity of wave is error free, as X ≠ L, then there is the velocity of wave error, needs to revise, the operation relative keys, modified chi=L, confirm back according to formula:
But the Vc=L/|Tb-Ta| sequential operation goes out the Vc value, then according to formula: Sc=VcTc (Sc, Tc are respectively distance and the time of measurement point to the trouble spot in the formula).Sequential operation draw measurement point to the trouble spot apart from Sc, thereby finish the accurate location of trouble spot.
Power cable fault is sought and is measured position equipment work principle brief introduction:
Device A by connection external high pressure pulse generator shown in Figure 2, applies high-voltage pulse to cable fault after finishing and measuring the fault distance scope mutually, makes trouble spot disruptive discharge, adjusts about 3～5 seconds of the frequency time of discharge.
When the disruptive discharge of trouble spot, can generate electromagnetic waves and the propagation all around of chatter wave direction, propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave approximately is tens thousand of times of acoustic wave propagation velocity, according to these characteristics, seek and survey the start signal of orientator reception electromagnetic wave as turn-on data processor and sound wave signalling channel, acoustical signal deposits internal storage in after A/D conversion, show sample waveform by CPU processing controls LCD, tests the speed, finds range and finish accurate location to the trouble spot.
Embodiment
After finishing the measurement of fault distance scope, connect the high-voltage pulse generator by Fig. 2 at cable top.With the tested cable fault phase of high-voltage pulse generator output termination, connect the earth after connecing high-voltage pulse generator ground wire cable outsourcing high pressure, in 3-5 scope second, cable fault is applied discharge pulse mutually by adjusting the pulse voltage height gating pulse frequency of discharging.
In the cable fault distance range, according to the cable laying situation, get A, B 2 points along the cable trace trend, and tolerance distance between two points value L.See Fig. 7
The magnetosonic receiver is connected with data processing display by specially joining cable, and earphone inserts data processing display or magnetosonic receiver earphone accessory power outlet.
Open magnetosonic receiver and data processing display power switch, the magnetosonic receiver is placed on the A point, adjust magnetosonic receiver magnetic-synchro knob clockwise, make T
1Convergence discharge frequency time T
0See Fig. 5
Adjustment process is followed following method:
When 1, adjusting the magnetic-synchro knob clockwise gradually, the discharge frequency pilot lamp on the magnetosonic receiver has following two states:
A: when T1＜T0, the glittering frequency of discharge frequency pilot lamp equals T0
B: when T0＜T1＜2T0, the glittering frequency of discharge frequency pilot lamp equals 2T0
When state b situation takes place, finely tune the magnetic-synchro knob counterclockwise, make its return state a, at this moment, electromagnetic wave receives with discharge frequency T0 synchronous, and noise immunity is the strongest.
2, by the data processing display function key that " tests the speed ", enter the speed measuring function state.
Open the triggering input by " opening/stop " key, the A point data begins to sample.
After this, show prompting operation, finish sampling B point data, test the speed until finishing by screen.
Finish in case test the speed, when the magnetosonic receiver is placed on each measurement point, data processing display will show the distance of measurement point to trouble spot C automatically.See Fig. 7
Claims (10)
1. a underground laying power cable fault position accurate positioning method comprises cable fault range observation, cable fault location positioning and cable burial path measurements; The main pulse echo method that adopts; Magnetic, sound time-domain filtering method; Voltage, current sampling method; It is characterized in that described accurate positioning method comprises
A. the trouble spot pulsed discharge frequency;
B. electromagnetic wave receives;
C. sound wave receives;
D. above-mentioned a, b, c synchronous working;
E., the time period of closing the discharge frequency is set.
2. according to the said localization method of claim 1, it is characterized in that
F. it is identical that described synchronous working comprises that the trouble spot pulsed discharge frequency, electromagnetic wave receive, sound wave reception three opens the moment, promptly in rising edge of a pulse/negative edge triggering synchronous;
G. the unlatching that the described time period of closing the discharge frequency is included in the electromagnetic wave receiving cable is constantly constantly opened beginning of opening of trouble spot discharge pulse each time, to the discharge frequency in the time interference electromagnetic wave in arbitrary moment close;
H. described synchronous working comprises that electromagnetic wave receives and the synchronous reception of the discharge frequency.
3. according to the said localization method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described setting closes the time period of the discharge frequency and comprise
I., it is T0 that the trouble spot discharge pulse frequency is set;
J., electromagnetic wave is set in the T0 scope, and to close turnable pulse width be T1;
K.T1 levels off to T0;
L., sound wave turnable pulse width T2 is set;
4. according to the said localization method of claim 1, it is characterized in that trouble spot pulsed discharge frequency T0 is 3-5 second; Closing turnable pulse width T1 is 2-6 second.
5. a underground laying power cable fault position accurate positioning method comprises 2 differential techniques; It is characterized in that described 2 differential techniques comprise
A., it is fixed frequency flowing water sampling pattern that data sampling is set;
B., it is that the beginning trigger pip is opened in the voice signal sampling that electromagnetic wave is set, and this opens the beginning triggering and is rising edge of a pulse/negative edge;
C., sampling length and frequency are set select control by scope;
D., each sampling is set finishes, the sound waveform cls shows once.
6. according to the said localization method of claim 5, it is characterized in that
E. at first determine A, B point-to-point transmission length value L along the cable trace direction;
F. magnetic probe is placed on A, B 2 points respectively, samples successively and store time data Ta, the Tb of 2 of A, B;
G. utilize formula Vc=L/|Tb-Ta| to calculate the velocity of propagation of trouble spot discharge sound wave in media, and draw the distance of trouble spot to measurement point.
7. according to the said localization method of claim 5, it is characterized in that
H. at first import experience sound value of wave speed Vs;
I. determine A, B point-to-point transmission length value L along the cable trace direction;
J. magnetic probe is arranged on the A point sampling and stores the time T a of this point and apart from Sa;
K. with magnetic probe displacement L to B point, the time T b that sampling and storage B are ordered and apart from Sb;
L. calculate | Sb-Sa|=X, if X=L, the expression velocity of wave is error free; If X ≠ L, the expression velocity of wave has error, modified chi=L; Utilize formula Vc=L/|Tb-Ta| to calculate the velocity of propagation of trouble spot discharge sound wave in media, and draw the distance of trouble spot to measurement point.
8. realize the device of the underground laying power cable fault position accurate positioning method of claim 1 and 5, comprise high-voltage pulse generator, magnetosonic receiver, single-chip data processing, mould/number conversion, LCD display and earphone, it is characterized in that being provided with the electromagnetism amplification that receives magnetic signal and compare output circuit, this output circuit inputs to gating pulse generation circuit to the beginning trigger pulse that opens that the magnetic signal that receives produces, this pulse-generating circuit generates electromagnetic waves through the cross-over connection potentiometer and cuts out turnable pulse width T1 and synchronous therewith sound passage unlatching turnable pulse width T2.
9. said according to Claim 8 device, it is characterized in that described gating pulse produces circuit and exports adjustable through potentiometer, the pulsewidth T2 synchronous with T1, input to power amplification output circuit, the guide sound passage is opened constantly and width, and acoustical signal inputs to mould/number conversion sample circuit after power amplification simultaneously.
10. said according to Claim 8 device is characterized in that described control pulse generation circuit generates electromagnetic waves to disturb through the cross-over connection potentiometer to close turnable pulse width T1; And input to mould/number conversion controlling of sampling circuit simultaneously, open the beginning trigger pip as sound channel signal sampling beginning.
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| CNB2004100517601A CN1324323C (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2004-09-30 | Accurately positioning method and device for underground layered power cable defect position |
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| CNB2004100517601A CN1324323C (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2004-09-30 | Accurately positioning method and device for underground layered power cable defect position |
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| CN1324323C CN1324323C (en) | 2007-07-04 |
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