CN1586182A

CN1586182A - Harmless resource processing and utilizing technology for bird and livestock feces

Info

Publication number: CN1586182A
Application number: CN 200410060846
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐冰珍; 陈冬
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2004-09-10
Filing date: 2004-09-10
Publication date: 2005-03-02
Anticipated expiration: 2024-09-10
Also published as: CN1287661C

Abstract

The present invention relates to harmless fowl and livestock feces resource processing and utilizing technology, and aims at solving the pollution problem caused by direct drainage of fowl and livestock feces in low cost and small covered area. The processing and utilizing process includes mixing fowl and livestock feces as main material and amendment, adding compost degrading agent; aerobic high temperature degradation through stacking, turning and stacking; lowering the temperature to normal temperature, and drying in the air or in the sun. The present invention has advantage of low production cost and reduced environmental pollution, and the product has rich nutritive components, can reduce soil hardening, is favorable to maintaining water and fertilizer, ventilating and promoting root system development.

Description

Fowl and animal excrement harmless resource utilization processing and utilizing technology

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of animal husbandry excrement and urine treatment technology, especially relate to a kind of fowl and animal excrement harmless resource utilization processing and utilizing technology.

Background technology:

The ight soil that is produced by intensive livestock and poultry breeding industry and sewage and the problems such as the stench that causes, body eutrophication, propagation " infecting both domestic animals and human " disease arouse great concern. But for the improvement of sewage of farm, still lacking at present can be by the generally accepted technique of raiser, and the intractability of such waste water is very large. Existing animal husbandry plant directly enters pond or river with fowl and animal excrement, and these contaminated water sources pour the river course in flood season with rainwater, the surface water, underground water, soil and air are caused serious pollution, and cause body eutrophication and jeopardize livestock and poultry self and health, be the main cause of China lake and offshore sea waters eutrophication. On the other hand, along with the development of global economy and the progress of society, people have proposed more and more higher requirement to quality of life and food quality, thirst for obtaining good, the nutritious food of mouthfeel, pursuit pure natural, free of contamination healthy food become a kind of fashion, and the organic agriculture that provides machine food for people quietly rises already. Organic agriculture is to comply with the product of world's environmental protection trend and consumer market demand, is manure use material and biological insecticides replacement chemical fertilizer and chemical insecticide in agricultural production. Pollution problem to the processing of fowl and animal excrement can solve the water source can provide fertilizer for organic agriculture again.

Summary of the invention:

The fowl and animal excrement that the invention solves existing animal husbandry plant directly discharging to the pollution problem at water source, provide a kind of cost low, take up an area less, the fowl and animal excrement harmless resource utilization processing and utilizing technology of convenient management.

Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: take fowl and animal excrement as major ingredient, add conditioner, and fully mix; In compound, admix the compost degradation agent, then carry out stacking-turn over the aerobic high-heat degradation process of buttress-stacking, then be cooled to the normal temperature state, and dry or dry.

The present invention has following advantage:

1. production cost is low: primary raw material is the aquaculture solid waste, and raw material is easy to get, as long as the place of cultivation is arranged, sufficient raw material is just arranged. Auxiliary material can be according to the solution of gathering materials on the spot of the actual conditions of locality, as: adopt various agricultural byproducts leftover bits and pieces and some other solid waste. Adopt indoor degradation technique, can be under the condition of needs, artificial degraded required temperature and the oxygen regulated, degraded can be carried out under indoor controlled condition, reduced the impact of nature adverse environment condition on microbial degradation technique, guarantee can produce, the characteristics that make it to produce with the aquaculture refuse adapt throughout the year.

2. product is rich in nutriment: the fertilizer that the present invention adopts multi-functional degraded and fermentation fowl and animal excrement to produce, contain the multiple beneficial microorganism, after they enter soil, in growth course, can produce a large amount of secondary metabolites, can reduce soil compaction, be conducive to water conservation, fertilizer conservation, ventilation and the development of promotion crop root, for crops provide good growing environment, the content of its organic matter and nitrogen phosphorus potassium available nutrient is higher than the fertilizer that does not add the compost degradation agent of oven dry, nutrient content is high, the purpose that stimulates plant growth be can reach after use in the field, seedling-slowing stage and crop starting stage reduced to the demand of nutrient.

3. product Environmental Safety: in the manure fermentation process, the several functions microorganism presents different metabolic functions in different thermogrades, the roundworm egg that the process continuous high temperature fermentation later stage includes etc. is inactivated to crops and human harmful insect and the pathogen overwhelming majority, thereby reduced the content of the middle harmful substance that is manured into soil, can not only replenish new organic matter for soil after using, grow a large amount of beneficial microbes but also can in root system of plant micro-ecological environment system, draw, impel plant growth to be in benign recurrent state, and make harmful microorganism be in secondary status, be difficult to form the excellent population that affects crop growth.

4. the product commodity is high: active bio-organic fertilizer can be made into granule or pulvis, contains certain fragrance, and the yield and quality that improves crop is had obvious effect, the results showed, for studying the effect that thing has all been received increasing both production and income. According to statistics: grain class volume increase 12-30%; Industrial crops volume increase 14-39%; Greengrocery volume increase 16-48%; Melon and fruit class volume increase 15-30%; Tea mulberry trees, tobacco volume increase 9-25%, thus susceptible to user acceptance.

The contrast test effect of 5. adding degradation agent CA is as shown in table 1:

Comparison other

Add the CA compost

Do not add the CA contrast

Degraded starts speed	Organic fast degradation just reached 58.7 ℃ at the 3rd day that tests.	Windrow heats up slow, and the 9th talent has obvious intensification, but also only has 51.2 ℃, illustrates that the organic heat production of degraded is slower.
Degraded starts speed			Duration megathermal period	Temperature is 63 ℃ time remaining 8 days, and below the 16th day drop in temperature to 50 ℃, and progressively cooling, showing that fermentation is basic finishes	Temperature is the highest in whole process of the test only has 58.2 ℃, and the time more than 55 ℃ has only continued 3 days.
The composting process hygiene effect	The 3rd day, stink began to descend, and denseer ammonia flavor occurred, to the 8th day bank stink elimination.	Off-test still has dense stink and ammonia flavor, and mildew and rot smell and foreign odor flavor is arranged in whole process of the test.	Duration megathermal period
The composting process hygiene effect			Become thoroughly decomposed the time	About 21 days.	At least need 50 days.
The composting production physical behavior relatively	Become black by brown color, and have a large amount of white hyphas to form, grab material with hand, loosening has sticking double infection.	The material outward appearance is brown, and a large amount of cakings is arranged, and breaks the bright-coloured living ight soil of visible color into two with one's hands.	Become thoroughly decomposed the time	About 21 days.	At least need 50 days.
The composting production physical behavior relatively			Compost quality	Obviously be better than national standard	Do not reach standard, and sanitary index does not reach yet.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the process chart of operation 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the process chart of operation 2 of the present invention.

The specific embodiment:

Take fowl and animal excrement as major ingredient, add conditioner, and fully mix; In compound, admix the compost degradation agent, then carry out stacking-turn over the aerobic high-heat degradation process of buttress-stacking, then be cooled to the normal temperature state, and dry or dry.

Embodiment 1:

As shown in Figure 1:

A, (raw materials) such as fowl and animal excrement or mud is transported to respectively the threshing ground, evenly spreads airing out, every 2-3 days the raw material of airing is turned over one time, be conducive to the moisture evaporation of raw material. Make the water content of raw material reach 50-60%, particle diameter is 10-80mm, too slightly is unfavorable for improving compost maturity, too thin be unfavorable for ventilative and ventilate, and affects the raising of compost temperature.

B, to be the fowl and animal excrement of 50-60% and mud with water content mix by 10: 2 ratio of weight and number;

1. if moisture content is too high＞and more than 60%, then should add conditioner and allocate; Conditioner is broken dry rice straw, gulch chaff, do the organic agriculture byproduct that cow dung, ground hay etc. are done;

2. if moisture is too low＜and 40% can add sewage, mud or wet cow dung and allocate as conditioner.

C, above-mentioned raw materials is fully turned mixing, make it to mix, generally can turn 5-6 time, obtain mixed material;

The preparation of D, compost degradation agent: described compost degradation agent is the useful complex micro organism fungicide that contains actinomyces, saccharomycete, filamentous fungi, bacillus, deodorizing bacterium; Existing preferably compost degradation agent is CA compost degradation agent, and the configuration of compost degradation agent is as follows:

1. 10 liters of per kilogram solid dung degradation agent waters are mixed with compost degradation agent solution;

2. mixed material per ton adds 0.5 kilogram solid dung degradation agent;

3. can before compost, take by weighing first the compost degradation agent of required weight, pour Plastic Drum into; And then take by weighing the water of corresponding proportional quantity; Compost degradation agent and the water of proportioning are mixed, fully stir, make its dissolving, for subsequent use.

E, before using, will dissolve good compost degradation agent solution and again stir, and then be spilled into equably (company's sediment is admixed in the mixed material together) in the mixed material, and then turn 1-2 time. Determine to add for the second time whether again the compost degradation agent according to the degraded situation.

F, the mixed material that will admix the compost degradation agent pile the bar buttress, and the bar buttress is of a size of bottom width 2-6 rice, high 1-3 rice, and section is triangle or trapezoidal, length is not limit.

G, in the good bar buttress of heap, differ from a thermometer every 2-4 rice, measure the intensification situation of bar buttress;

Therefore H, compost degradation agent are aerobic degradations to the degraded of solid dirt, will guarantee the oxygen content in the bar buttress, and turning is the operation that a ventilation oxygenation promotes degraded, so will control the turning number of times well. Generally from behind the stacking second or three day, every day or every other day turning once, during turning, to spreading out, allow the bar buttress it distribute moisture content the morning, increases amount of oxygen, they piled the bar buttress before at dusk.

I, from the beginning turning, after the 4th turning (approximately stacking after 11 days), turned over once heap, the about turning of whole degradation process 6-11 time every 4-5 days. If moisture content is too high or degradation temperature does not increase, should increase the turning number of times.

The control of J, degradation process temperature:

1. solid dirt degraded is the aerobic high-heat operation, so temperature control is crucial, and general best degradation temperature is 55-65 ℃, is no more than 70 ℃;

2. the 2-4 days interior temperature of buttress/heap were 30-40 ℃ after the bar buttress was piled well, can finish in time 2-3 days;

3. since the 4th or 5 day, the temperature in the heap body began to rise, and is raised to 55-65 ℃, about 7-8 of time days from 35-45 ℃;

K, whole degradation process approximately need 15-21 days time;

The qualitative judgement method (the completely physical property of degrading :) whether L, the degraded of bar buttress compost are finished

A) outward appearance is dark brown or lead;

B) be destitute of smell, but have the fragrance of soil, can not attract mosquitos and flies;

C) quality is loose, and it is agglomerating that hand is pinched, namely the faling apart of pine;

D) drop in temperature is near normal temperature;

E) the composting production surface has the white or the canescence that have the conk appearance.

As shown in Figure 2: step of the present invention can also comprise: above-mentioned composting production, turfy soil etc., other additive process are pulverized, then mix, dry, sieve, in mixture, add fertilizer elevator (BGP) and mix, finished product packing, or through granulation, sieve, finished product packing again behind the low temperature drying.

Wherein:

1, the mixing ratio of material is (ratio of weight and number): the compost 50-80 part after the above-mentioned degraded, turfy soil or weathered coal 30-40 part, other additive 3-8 part, and other additive comprises: the agricultural byproducts waste materials such as dregs of beans, peanut meal, wheat bran, rapeseed dregs, leached tea oil slag;

2, after being pulverized respectively, they mix;

3, in the compound that sieves, add 3-8 kg/tonne BGP, mixing and stirring then, direct finished product packing can obtain the natural high-quality fertilizer of powdery;

4 or the material that will be mixed with BGP through granulation, cross the sieve of 0.1-0.4mm, below 80 ℃, oven dry, end product packing.

Claims

1, a kind of fowl and animal excrement harmless resource utilization processing and utilizing technology, it is characterized in that: it is take fowl and animal excrement as major ingredient, adds conditioner, and fully mixes; In compound, admix the compost degradation agent, then carry out stacking-turn over the aerobic high-heat degradation process of buttress-stacking, then be cooled to the normal temperature state, and dry or dry.

2, fowl and animal excrement harmless resource utilization processing and utilizing technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the present invention includes following steps:

A, fowl and animal excrement or mud are transported to respectively the threshing ground, evenly spread airing out, every 2-3 days the raw material of airing is turned over one time, make the water content of raw material be controlled at 50-60%, particle diameter is controlled at 10-80mm;

1. if moisture content is too high＞more than 60%, then should add conditioner, and conditioner is that the organic agriculture byproduct that dry rice straw, gulch chaff, dried cow dung, ground hay work etc. are done is mediated;

2. if moisture is too low＜40% interpolation conditioner, and conditioner is that sewage, mud or wet cow dung are regulated;

C, above-mentioned raw materials and conditioner fully turned mix;

D, compost degradation agent: described compost degradation agent is the useful complex micro organism fungicide that contains actinomyces, saccharomycete, filamentous fungi, bacillus, deodorizing bacterium; The configuration of compost degradation agent is as follows:

1. 10 liters of per kilogram solid dung degradation agent waters are mixed with compost degradation agent solution,

2. mixed material per ton adds 0.5 kilogram of solid dung degradation agent;

E, compost degradation agent solution is spilled in the mixed material equably, and then turns 1-2 time.

F, the mixed material that will admix pile the bar buttress, and the preferred dimensions of bar buttress is bottom width 2-6 rice, high 1-3 rice, and section is triangle or trapezoidal, length is not limit;

G, in the good bar buttress of heap, measure the intensification situation of bar buttress;

H, from behind the stacking second or three day, every day or every turning in to two day once;

I, from the beginning turning, after the 4th turning, turned over once heap every 4-5 days, the about turning of whole degradation process 6-11 time;

The control of J, degradation process temperature:

1. best degradation temperature is 55-65 ℃, mends above 70 ℃;

2. the 2-4 days interior temperature of buttress/heap were 30-40 ℃ after the bar buttress was piled well, time 2-3 days;

3. since 4-5 days, the temperature in the heap body began to rise, and is raised to 55-65 ℃, about 7-8 of time days from 35-45 ℃;

K, whole degradation process approximately need 15-21 days time.

3, fowl and animal excrement harmless resource utilization processing and utilizing technology according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described compost degradation agent is the CA degradation agent.

4, fowl and animal excrement harmless resource utilization processing and utilizing technology according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the concrete grammar of turning is: open bar buttress heap the morning, again they piled the bar buttress before at dusk.

5, according to claim 1 or 3 described fowl and animal excrement harmless resource utilization processing and utilizing technology, it is characterized in that: the present invention also comprises the steps: above-mentioned composting production, turfy soil, other additive through pulverizing, then mix, dry, sieve, in mixture, add the fertilizer elevator, and mix, finished product packing, or through granulation, sieve, finished product packing again behind the low temperature drying;

Wherein: the mixed weight portion rate of material is: the compost 50-80 part after the above-mentioned degraded, turfy soil or weathered coal 30-40 part, other additive 3-8 part, and other additive comprises: the agricultural byproducts waste material of dregs of beans, peanut meal, wheat bran, rapeseed dregs, leached tea oil slag;

1. mix after they being pulverized respectively;

2. in the compound that sieves, add 3-5 kg/tonne BGP, then mixing and stirring, directly finished product packing;

3. or the material that will be mixed with BGP through granulation, cross the sieve of 0.1-0.4mm, in oven dry below 80 ℃, the end product packing.