CN1583303A - Rolling method and apparatus for copper-aluminium double-face composite board - Google Patents
Rolling method and apparatus for copper-aluminium double-face composite board Download PDFInfo
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- CN1583303A CN1583303A CNA2004100206975A CN200410020697A CN1583303A CN 1583303 A CN1583303 A CN 1583303A CN A2004100206975 A CNA2004100206975 A CN A2004100206975A CN 200410020697 A CN200410020697 A CN 200410020697A CN 1583303 A CN1583303 A CN 1583303A
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Abstract
A technology for rolling the composite Cu-Al plate includes such steps as preheating the copper band and aluminium plate respectively at different temp for different time, acid washing of copper band, alkali washing of aluminium plate, brushing surface by steel wire brush, rolling by a pair of upper concave roller and lower convex roller, annealing in inertial gas, and straightening.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the method and apparatus technical field of rolling stacked conducting plate, specially refer to a kind of milling method and rolling equipment of copper aluminium double-sided composite plate.
Background technology
Now, along with the development of electric utility and the progress of electrical industry, the consumer of high-power big electric current is more and more, and supporting for it control panel also constantly increases.Electric lead in the present large-scale electric equipment has, and much to be that fine aluminium bus row and the electric lead of the control panel supporting with it are most of arrange for pure copper-bus.Material difference between them is easy to cause the joint that fusing accident takes place.To transform existing situation, fine aluminium bus row can be changed into pure copper-bus row, can eliminate the fusing accident that the joint takes place.But investment for trnasforming urban land will be very big like this, the copper-aluminum composite board bus that is made by rolling copper-aluminum composite plate technology comes on the performance and can compare favourably with pure copper-bus row, its cost is but much lower than pure copper-bus row, and can reduce the consumption of copper, this had reached the purpose of increasing income with regard to the country that lacks very much originally for the copper resource.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the present invention proposes a kind of milling method and rolling equipment of copper aluminium double-sided composite plate, prepares copper aluminium double-sided composite plate.
1, the method for preparing copper aluminium double-sided composite plate:
The present invention by conditioning treatment, clear up, put band, grooming, rolling compound, shearing, terminal point heat treatment, the aligning step is formed;
(1) conditioning treatment
The raw material that use are: the technical pure copper strips of purity Cu 〉=99.9% and the technical pure aluminium sheet of purity Al 〉=99.7%, the thickness of two kinds of materials compares δ
Cu/ δ
AlCan be different and different according to purposes, in the ordinary course of things
Gross thickness before copper aluminum composite material, the compound open rolling is≤40mm that the flakiness ratio of composite is: 1: 0.1～1: 0.3.
At first to carry out the conditioning treatment of different technologies condition, in annealing furnace,, be incubated 1～3 hour 320～350 ℃ of temperature of technical pure copper strips to copper strips, aluminium sheet; Aluminium sheet then is to be incubated 2～4 hours under 280～320 ℃ of temperature, and after such heat treatment of process, the internal stress of copper strips aluminium sheet can be eliminated, and makes the work-hardening capacity of copper aluminium fall minimumly.
(2) copper strips being carried out pickling, aluminium sheet is carried out alkalescence, all is to soak at normal temperatures 30 minutes.Acid solution can be the composite acid-soluble liquid that multiple concentrated acid and water are mixed with, and also can be certain single concentrated acid solution.If its proportioning of composite acid-soluble liquid is: acid solution is by adding H in the premium on currency
2SO
4〉=93% concentrated sulfuric acid 110～120 grams, HCl 〉=30% concentrated hydrochloric acid, 95～110 grams, HF 〉=24% hydrofluoric acid, 10～20 grams, HNO
3〉=90% red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) 104～120 gram ratios are made into.
If the use concentrated acid can directly soak with HCl 〉=30% concentrated hydrochloric acid.
Alkali wash water is to be made in the ratio that NaOH 98～110 grams that add solid in the premium on currency respectively, sodium carbonate 100～115 grams, sodium acid carbonate 100～120 restrain.Take out copper strips, aluminium sheet subsequently, remove acid residual on the strip material, alkali lye with clear water, such acid-base solution can be got rid of the oil stain and the oxide on copper aluminium surface more completely.
(3) copper strips, aluminium sheet are put band, grooming
From this step, copper strips, aluminium sheet will be placed on the custom-designed milling train, carry out following preparation process:
Put band, be two copper strips volume place respectively milling train up and down two put on the belt wheel.Clamp copper strips at the rolling initial stage by the slit on two regulating wheels, regulating wheel is a driving wheel, by driven by motor.Putting belt wheel is from driven wheel, and certain frictional force is arranged during rotation, and copper strips is transmitted under the state of tensioning.Aluminium sheet is placed on the carrying roller of horizontal transmission device, pushes up and down in the middle of two copper strips.
Copper strips and aluminium sheet are in transmission process, by the three electronic steel brushes of forming the configuration high-speed rotation, respectively to two metal surface groomings up and down, steel brush diameter of phi 200～300mm, rotating speed is 960～1450r/min, opposite when steel brush rotates with the tangential velocity direction of contact position, metal surface and copper strips, aluminium sheet pace, the oxide on two surfaces about copper strips and the aluminium sheet is thoroughly removed.
(4) copper strips and aluminium sheet are two-sided rolling compound
The present invention adopts a passage, the irreversible roller quick-cooling roll process that waits, under high pressure the copper that fresh metal surface is arranged, aluminium is rolling is combined with each other.
Rolling part comprises bloom roll and roll two parts composition, bloom roll mainly is the location of control copper strips aluminium sheet, this step does not have reduction ratio, the system of rerolling was compound after copper strips and aluminium sheet carried out preliminary compacting through preliminary compression roll, preliminary compacting two rollers cooperate can play the effect of location, makes the copper strips of aluminium sheet above and below sideslip can not take place like this.
Copper strips, aluminium sheet after the preliminary compacting enter roll, and roll is to be cooperated by upper concave roller and lower protruding roller, can control the extension direction of copper-aluminum composite board, the template of location and composite plate.
(5) rolling terminal point heat treatment, aligning step after compound:
Copper-aluminum composite board after rolling compound the finishing by up and down corresponding, about the finished product conveyer formed of corresponding each one group of round roller send, can assist the plate shape of controlling composite plate like this.By oblique cutter cutter the copper strips of aluminium sheet and aluminium sheet junction is cut; send into the terminal point heat-treatment furnace afterwards and carry out the diffusion annealing processing; to strengthen the bond strength of copper aluminium sheet; heat treatment is in 300～350 ℃ of scopes; under inert gas shielding, be incubated 1～2 hour to reach the effect of best interface metal phase counterdiffusion; protective gas is nitrogen or argon gas, and its pressure is 0.01～0.05MPa.
The bond strength of the copper aluminium double-sided composite plate after after testing, rolling can reach 2.5～6MPa.
2, preparation copper, the custom-designed rolling equipment of aluminium double-sided composite plate
In order to realize above-mentioned copper, aluminium double-sided composite plate milling method, specialized designs of the present invention has been made a kind of cold-rolling mill.Milling train overall structure of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1: by rack-mounted fovea superior roll 1-1 and protruding roll 1-2 down, put belt wheel 2 for two up and down; Two groups of electronic copper brush 3 to the paired configuration of copper strip surface grooming; One group of electronic steel brush 4 to the paired configuration of surface of aluminum plate grooming; At 5, two preliminary compression rolls 6 of regulating wheel on two up and down of rolling initial stage tensioning copper strips, finished product conveyer 7, aluminium sheet horizontal transmission device 8 is formed, and the main feature of its structure is:
(1) tension wheel structure is shown in accompanying drawing 4,5, and it is the slit of 1～1.5mm that a width is all arranged on each regulating wheel 5, and on the regulating wheel cross circular section, this slit and cross section circular diameter are 60 ° of angles.The rolling initial stage up and down two copper strips be placed on two and put on the belt wheel, the electronic steel brush 3 of grooming, preliminary compression roll 6 are passed in the copper strips traction, roll 1-1 is clamped in respectively between the 1-2 in the slit of two regulating wheels 5 up and down.Regulating wheel 5 is a driving wheel, by driven by motor; Putting belt wheel 2 is driven pulleys, and certain frictional force is arranged during rotation, and copper strips is transmitted under the situation of tensioning.
Put 2 of belt wheels and be provided with locating hole, putting belt wheel 2 so both can move on axis direction as required, can on different positions, fix again, the regulating wheel 5 of Pei Heing also is design like this equally with it, be used for adjusting the position of putting belt wheel 3 and regulating wheel 5, make copper strips and aluminium sheet can be on the axis of direction of advance fine coincidence in alignment.Rolling initial stage regulating wheel 5 and put belt wheel 2 two copper strips strains both had been convenient to the grooming of copper strips, had prevented that again copper strips and aluminium sheet from misplacing, sideslip, and helping that copper aluminium is two-sided can both be well rolling compound.
Every group of (2) three groups of electronic steel brushes all is to dispose in pairs, by the metal crimp of grooming in the middle of laterally zygomorphic electronic steel brush, two groups of electronic steel brushes 3 of copper strips grooming are divided into up and down two places to be arranged in up and down on two copper strips, each electronic steel brush diameter all is Φ 200～300mm, with the rotation at a high speed under the drive of motor of 960～1450r/min rotating speed, steel brush is opposite with copper strips pace direction with the tangential velocity direction of contact position, metal surface when rotating, its surperficial oxide is thoroughly removed on two surfaces up and down of each copper strips of grooming.One group of electronic steel brush 4 to the aluminium sheet grooming, the position is in the center of aluminium sheet horizontal transmission device 8, also be in the middle of a pair of steel brush is pressed in aluminium sheet about the branch, each steel brush diameter is similarly Φ 200～300mm, with the rotation at a high speed under the drive of motor of 960～1450r/min rotating speed, steel brush is opposite with aluminium sheet pace direction with the tangential velocity direction of contact position, metal surface when rotating, and the removal of two oxide on surface is clean up and down with aluminium sheet to rotate steel brush at a high speed.
(3) copper strips, aluminium sheet are compound through being rolled after the preliminary compression roll 6 preliminary compactings.Preliminary compression roll 6 structures are shown in accompanying drawing 6,7.Be two compression rolls of two section structure symmetries as shown in Figure 7 up and down, two rollers cooperatively interact and can play positioning action, do not have reduction ratio.Sideslip can not take place in order to guarantee up and down fine coincidence of aluminium sheet of two copper strips and centre in design in rolling like this.
(4) copper-aluminum composite board after the preliminary compacting enters topping roll 1-1, and in the middle of the bottom roll 1-2, topping roll 1-1 is a concave cross section, and bottom roll 1-2 is a convex shape section.Two symmetries cooperate, and are installed on the mill stand, and its structure is to extend for copper-aluminum composite board is being prolonged in rolling on the main shaft of horizontal transmission aluminium sheet device as shown in Figure 2, controls its horizontal expansion in rolling.The male and fomale(M﹠F) of two rolls has been formed the pass as accompanying drawing 3, and its major parameter is: topping roll 1-1 central slot width L, the degree of depth h that topping roll 1-1 rolled surface is recessed
1, the rolled surface height of projection h of bottom roll projection
2, it is L that a width is respectively arranged on the groove both sides
1, the ring shaped slot of fillet R, both sides ring shaped slot play and are contained in the oligometallic effect of laterally extruding in the operation of rolling, have guaranteed the rolling quality of copper-aluminum composite board.
Relation between the above parameter is:
Milling train is for waiting roller speed, irreversible cold-rolling mill, and composite rolling all is a passage each time, and its allowable pressure 2000～3000KN, maximum rolling force square are controlled at 80～150KNM; Mill speed 0.5～0.9m/s, reduction ratio 55～70%, rolling lubricant select the oil of the at present existing cold rolling use of copper material or the lubricant of emulsification matter for use.
(5) copper-aluminum composite board after rolling compound the finishing is sent by finished product conveyer 7, its structure as shown in Figure 8, by up and down corresponding, about corresponding each one group of round roller form, copper-aluminum composite board passes from the centre, can assist the plate shape of controlling composite plate.
(6) aluminium sheet horizontal transmission device wheel has many row's carrying rollers that aluminium sheet is held up, and moves horizontally among twice copper strips up and down enters preliminary compression roll 6.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: be milling train overall structure figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2: be the top and bottom rolls structural representation;
Fig. 3: be the rolling groove figure of spill topping roll and convex bottom roll composition;
Fig. 4: copper strips tension wheel structure front view;
Fig. 5: copper strips tension wheel structure side view;
Fig. 6: preliminary compression roll structure for amplifying schematic diagram;
Fig. 7: preliminary compression roll structure for amplifying side view;
Fig. 8: the structural representation of finished product conveyer.
The specific embodiment
At first, with Cu:99.9% copper strips and the thick 18mm of thick 0.8mm, long 1000mm, the Al:99.8% aluminium sheet of wide 80mm, long 1000mm carries out conditioning treatment.Copper is incubated 1.5 hours down at 330 ℃, and aluminium then is to be incubated 1.5 hours under 300 ℃ of temperature.Copper strips is through pickling after the conditioning treatment, and the prescription of acid solution is by adding H in the premium on currency
2SO
4〉=93% concentrated sulfuric acid 115 grams, HCl 〉=30% concentrated hydrochloric acid, 100 grams, HF 〉=24% hydrofluoric acid, 15 grams, HNO
3〉=90% red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) 110 grams, residual acid solution is removed in the water cleaning more afterwards in 30 minutes of copper strips soak at room temperature.
Aluminium sheet is through alkali cleaning, and the prescription of aqueous slkali is that solid sodium hydroxide 100 restrains by adding respectively in the premium on currency, sodium carbonate 105 restrains, sodium acid carbonate 110 grams, and the aluminium sheet soak at room temperature washed with clear water after 30 minutes, the aqueous slkali of removal remained on surface.Remove the oil stain and the oxide of copper strips, surface of aluminum plate by acid, alkali cleaning.Enter subsequent processing after the grooming cleaning, the promptly rolling compound stage is to carry out on the milling train of the rolling copper-aluminum double-sided composite plate of describing as accompanying drawing 1.Aluminium sheet is on conveyer 8, and the carrying roller that install the bottom holds up aluminium sheet.Give the aluminium sheet applied thrust, allow aluminium sheet in the middle of copper strips up and down enters preliminary compacting roll.Put on the belt wheel 2 for two about two copper strips are placed on, put the both sides up and down that belt wheel 2 is positioned at intermediate transport aluminium sheet device, copper strips is stuck in regulating wheel 5 slits at the beginning rolling.Its main purpose be rolling compound before with copper strips tension so that grooming also helps the rolling compound of copper aluminium.Two copper strips of putting tensioning on the belt wheel enter preliminary compression roll through the one group of electronic steel brush that is provided with separately respectively up and down, and electronic steel brush is thoroughly removed the copper strip surface oxide to the copper strip surface grooming, and make its surface form hardened layer.Be positioned at 4 pairs of aluminium sheet upper and lower surfaces of the one group of electronic steel brush grooming on the aluminium sheet conveyer, thoroughly remove the oxide of surface of aluminum plate and make its surface form hardened layer.Copper strips, aluminium sheet by electronic steel brush grooming after, enter rolling composite steps.
Rolling compound in, copper strips and aluminium sheet carry out being rolled after the preliminary compacting compound through preliminary compression roll 6, copper strips, the aluminium sheet after the preliminary compacting enters in the middle of the roll that upper concave roller and lower protruding roller form, that carries out a passage waits roller speed, irreversible cold rolling.The pass that top and bottom rolls is formed as shown in Figure 3, corresponding parameters is
The allowable pressure 3000KN of milling train, its roll-force is controlled at 100KNM, and mill speed is 0.8m/s, and reduction ratio is 60%; Use mineral oil lubricant commonly used.Copper-aluminum composite board after compound is sent by the conveyer 7 of finished product, by oblique cutter cutter the copper strips of aluminium sheet and aluminium sheet junction is cut afterwards.Composite plate thickness after rolling is 11mm, and width is 88mm, and length is 1500mm.Be to carry out annealing in process under the nitrogen atmosphere of 0.03MPa at last at pressure with composite plate, annealing temperature is 330 ℃, and temperature retention time is 1.5 hours.
The finishing on straightener of composite plate after the annealing, preparation copper aluminium double-sided composite plate.The bond strength of this copper-aluminum composite board reaches 4MPa after tested.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of milling method of copper aluminium double-sided composite plate is characterized in that being made up of following step, and each step has technical conditions separately:
(1) conditioning treatment: be that the technical pure copper strips is incubated 1～3 hour under 320～350 ℃ of temperature; The technical pure aluminium sheet then is to be incubated 2～4 hours under 280～320 ℃ of temperature;
(2) cleaning:, take out afterwards with the residual acid solution of clear water flush away with copper strips soak at room temperature 30 minutes in acid solution; Acid solution can be the composite acid-soluble liquid that multiple acid is mixed with, and also can be certain single concentrated acid solution; With in the aluminium sheet soak at room temperature aqueous slkali 30 minutes, take out afterwards with the residual alkali lye of clear water flush away.Aqueous slkali is the aqueous solution that is made into concentration by NaOH, sodium carbonate, sodium acid carbonate by ratio requirement;
(3) put band: two copper strips are placed milling train respectively put on the belt wheel at two places up and down, the rolling initial stage, the traction of each copper strips is passed in the slit that is clamped in two regulating wheels up and down behind the electronic steel brush of grooming, preliminary compression roll, the roll respectively, putting belt wheel is driven pulley, it exists certain frictional force when rotating, the restriction velocity of rotation, and regulating wheel is a driving wheel, by motor drives, tensioning two copper strips up and down; Aluminium sheet is placed on the carrying roller of milling train horizontal transmission device, in the middle of two copper strips of aluminium sheet propelling;
(4) to copper strips, aluminium sheet grooming: adopt the electronic steel brush of high speed rotating, to the copper strips of tensioning and horizontal positioned aluminium sheet separately up and down two surfaces brush examination, remove the oxide on surface, every group of electronic steel brush all is paired configuration, electronic steel brush rotating speed is 960～1450r/min, and the tangential velocity direction that electronic steel brush rotates is with opposite by brush metal direction of advance;
(5) rolling compound, copper strips, aluminium sheet are rolling compound: the first step is preliminary compacting, and two preliminary compression rolls of balanced configuration guarantee that copper strips is finely compound with aluminium sheet up and down, and can not sideslip, and preliminary compacting does not have reduction ratio, only is two kinds of metal materials are located; Cooperate a rolling groove of forming by fovea superior, two protruding down rolls, major parameter is topping roll central slot width L, the degree of depth h that the topping roll rolled surface is recessed
1, the rolled surface height of projection h of bottom roll projection
2, it is L that a width is respectively arranged on the groove both sides
1, the ring shaped slot of fillet R, the relation between these parameters is:
Milling train is a passage, irreversible cold-rolling process, and its rolling allowable pressure is 2000～3000KN, the maximum rolling force square is controlled at 80～150KNM; Mill speed 0.5～0.9m/s, reduction ratio 55～70%;
(6) copper aluminium compound back shearing, terminal point heat treatment and aligning: endpoint procedure is in 320～350 ℃ of scopes, is incubated 1～2 hour under inert gas shielding, and inert gas is nitrogen or argon gas, and its pressure is 0.01～0.05MPa; To after annealing, align copper aluminium composite wood.
2, the milling method of a kind of copper aluminium double-sided composite plate according to claim 1, its employed copper, the raw-material feature of aluminium are the technical pure copper strips of Cu 〉=99.9%, the technical pure aluminium sheet of Al 〉=99.7%, copper strips thickness δ
CuWith aluminium plate thickness δ
AlRatio
Gross thickness is≤40mm before the copper-aluminum composite board open rolling.
3, the milling method of a kind of copper aluminium double-sided composite plate according to claim 1, the feature of used acid solution of its cleanup step and aqueous slkali is: pickle can be that single concentrated acid is with HCl 〉=30% concentrated hydrochloric acid or its proportioning of preparation composite acid-soluble liquid: acid solution is by adding H in the premium on currency
2SO
4〉=93% concentrated sulfuric acid 110～120 grams, HCl 〉=30% concentrated hydrochloric acid, 95～110 grams, HF 〉=24% hydrofluoric acid, 10～20 grams, HNO
3〉=90% red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) 104～120 grams are made into.
4, for realizing a kind of cold-rolling mill of milling method specialized designs of the described a kind of copper aluminium double-sided composite plate of claim 1, it is characterized in that milling train is by being installed in the frame topping roll, bottom roll, put belt wheel for two up and down, two groups of electronic steel brushes that copper strip surface is carried out grooming, one group of electronic steel brush that surface of aluminum plate is carried out grooming, two regulating wheels up and down, a pair of preliminary compression roll, finished product conveyer and aluminium sheet horizontal transmission device are formed; All be provided with locating hole on belt wheel and the tension wheel shaft putting, putting belt wheel and regulating wheel so both can move on the axis direction of axle, can on different positions, fix again, the slit that a 1～1.5mm is all arranged on each regulating wheel, on the regulating wheel cross circular section, this slit and circular diameter are 60 ° of angles, and the rolling initial stage is passed through electronic steel brush with the copper strips traction, preliminary compression roll, roll, to regulating wheel, with slit copper strips is tightened; Regulating wheel is a driving wheel, by the motor transmission, putting belt wheel is driven pulley, rotation is subjected to certain frictional force, has limited velocity of rotation, makes two copper strips tensionings, be convenient to the copper strips grooming, can make again up and down that copper strips and middle aluminium are fine on the axle of direction of advance to overlap into same straight line, prevent that copper, aluminium from misplacing sideslip; Be provided with preliminary compression roll in the rolling compound first step, do not have reduction ratio, only be used for determining the relevant position of copper strips, aluminium sheet;
Topping roll in the system composite portion is a spill, and bottom roll is a convex, the corresponding concavo-convex cooperations of two rolling system faces, cold draw direction when being used to control copper strips aluminium sheet rolling, control copper strips, the rolling compound direction of aluminium sheet and the template of copper aluminium double-sided composite plate.
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