CN1582235A - 对逆反射片和制品进行印刷的方法 - Google Patents
对逆反射片和制品进行印刷的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1582235A CN1582235A CNA028221834A CN02822183A CN1582235A CN 1582235 A CN1582235 A CN 1582235A CN A028221834 A CNA028221834 A CN A028221834A CN 02822183 A CN02822183 A CN 02822183A CN 1582235 A CN1582235 A CN 1582235A
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Abstract
本发明涉及印刷逆反射片和相应制品的一种方法。本发明可用于提高印刷质量,特别是对热质转印等接触印刷方法而言。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及印刷逆反射片和相应制品的一种方法。本发明可用来提高印刷质量,特别是用热质转印等接触印刷方法在相对薄的吸墨层上成像时。
发明背景
WO 94/19710涉及可以接受热印刷的和易碎的逆反射聚合物片。该聚合物片材包括一个核心片和位于其上的一个可以接受热印刷的表面。这个可以接受热印刷的表面可以由包含一种聚氨酯分散液的组合物形成。附图1以及WO94/19710中所述内容示出了一种已知的逆反射压片12,包括位于其最底面上的可剥离保护衬垫14,逆反射层16,压敏粘合剂层26,厚度约为25微米的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)层18和接受着色剂/胶粘剂的印刷层20。逆反射层16包括嵌在一层聚乙烯醇缩丁醛胶粘剂34中的一单层玻璃微球30,反射层32和压敏粘合剂层36位于其下方。层20能直接热印刷接受一种树脂基标记,由包含PET和一种亚乙烯基/丙烯腈共聚物的一种组合物形成。如WO94/19710中所述,该片材12被用作一种室内产品,可以从3M,St.Paul,MN购得,商品名是“ScotchMark brand label stock 3929”。
发明概述
本发明发现了一种提高热质转印等接触印刷方法的印刷质量的方法。在一个实施方式中,本发明涉及一种印刷逆反射基片的方法,包括:提供一种包含一层逆反射层,位于该逆反射层上的胶粘剂层,和位于该胶粘剂层上的吸墨层的基片;和刷该吸墨层。该吸墨层的厚度小于1密耳(25微米)和/或是一种丙烯酸基或氨基甲酸乙酯基聚合物。该吸墨层的厚度优选小于0.8密耳(20微米),较优选小于0.5密耳(12.5微米),更优选小于0.3密耳(7.5微米),最优选约为0.1密耳(2.5微米)。
在另一个实施方式中,该基片包括一层逆反射层,位于该逆反射层上的胶粘剂层,和位于该胶粘剂层上的吸墨层;其印刷质量有所提高。
在每种这些方法中,基片优选是用热质转印等接触印刷方法印刷的。
在其他实施方式中,本发明涉及在用热质印刷等接触印刷方法成像时,具有很好印刷质量的逆反射基片(即制品),以及成像的片材。
在其他实施方式中,本发明涉及制造这种可成像或已成像的逆反射基片的方法。
在每个这些实施方案中,根据印刷质量等级划分(Print Quality RatingScale),印刷质量优选提高至少一个整数,更优选提高两个整数。而且,胶粘剂优选将逆反射层永久粘合于吸墨层上。胶粘剂优选具有小于0.3GPa的弹性模量,较优选小于0.2GPa,更优选小于0.1GPa。该逆反射层中可以包括许多立体角形逆反射单元或一个含有玻璃微球的胶粘剂层。
附图简述
图1是一种已知逆反射片材的截面示意图。
图2是本发明可热质印刷的逆反射片材的截面示意图。
图3是本发明已成像逆反射片材的截面示意图。
发明详述
本发明的方法通常涉及使逆反射片成像,特别涉及使用印刷设备(比如印刷头)和片材之间发生接触的成像技术,比如热质转印,使逆反射片成像的方法。本发明的方法包括:提供包括一层逆反射层,位于最外观察表面上的吸墨层,和位于逆反射层和吸墨层之间的胶粘剂层的一个基片;并印刷该吸墨层。
在一个实施方式中,本发明涉及包括一层逆反射层,位于最外表面上的吸墨层,和位于其间的胶粘剂层的可接受热质印刷的逆反射基片。图2表示一种可接受热质印刷的逆反射片。该片材100包括逆反射层62,其中有嵌在一层聚乙烯醇缩丁醛胶粘剂34中的一单层玻璃微球30,反射层32位于其下方。该片材的观察表面包括位于逆反射层和吸墨层46之间的胶粘剂层44。胶粘剂层44将相邻的两层永久粘合,因此存在于已成像的反射制品中。虽然该片材可以进一步包括一些附加层,比如底漆层,在优选实施方式中,胶粘剂层44将逆反射层62永久粘合于吸墨层46上。通常,片材的非观察表面上有一层压敏粘合剂层36,被可剥离衬垫14所保护。在使用中,将衬垫14剥离除去,将该片材通过胶粘剂36粘贴在目标基片上,比如标志板,牌照板,广告牌,汽车,卡车,飞机,建筑物,天篷,窗子,地板等上面。
本发明的方法在使逆反射压片成像方面特别有优势,若没有位于下面的胶粘剂层会使片材的印刷质量变差。印刷质量差是指印刷质量等级划分上的物理特性小于3,这将在实施例中作进一步说明。当吸墨层非常薄时,印刷质量会变差。因此,本发明在吸墨层小于1密耳(25微米)的实施方式中有优势。本发明在厚度小于约0.8密耳(20微米)的吸墨层方面更有优势,甚至在厚度小于0.5密耳(12.5微米)时尤其有优势,对厚度小于0.3密耳(7.5微米)的吸墨层特别有优势。
不论吸墨层厚度如何,当吸墨层中含有低可贴合性(即高弹性模量)材料时,比如当吸墨层是基于交联的氨基甲酸乙酯基聚合材料和丙烯酸聚合物时,印刷质量差都是一个问题。
用于本发明的吸墨层和胶粘剂是足够透明的,因此,其存在不会降低片材所要求的逆反射特性。多种适用于吸墨层或胶粘剂层的组合物是本领域已知的。优选的吸墨涂层包括乙烯基聚合物,聚氨基甲酸乙酯聚合物,丙烯酸类聚合物的乳状液和分散液及其混合物。一种吸墨涂层的例子包括一种聚氨基甲酸乙酯分散液,从Avecia,Wilmington,MA购得,商品名为“NeorezR-960”,将其与一种交联剂混合,比如一种氮丙啶交联剂,也可以从Avecia购得,商品名为“CX-100”。或者,用一种预制膜作为吸墨层。
图3表示了一种已成像制品的例子,其中片材200包括位于吸墨层46的最外观察表面上的标记210。可以有一个外涂层或附加膜位于观察表面上,将印刷痕迹夹在吸墨层和可用的外涂层或膜之间,提高逆反射制品的耐久性。
可以用多种设备印刷吸墨层,形成图形,字母,条形码等。虽然本发明的方法和制品适用于非接触式印刷方法,本发明在吸墨层和印刷设备(比如印刷头)接触的情况下,比如在热质转印时,特别有优势。接触印刷方法包括凹印,胶印,苯胺印刷,平版印刷,电记录(包括静电的),电子照相印刷(包括激光印刷和静电复印)。热印刷是广泛用于描述在基片上形成图形的多种不同种类技术的术语。那些技术包括热压,直接热印刷,染料扩散印刷和热质转印。
热压是一种机械印刷***,其中将图案通过一个色带压印或压花印刷在基片上,如美国专利4992129(Sasaki等人)中所公开的。通过对图案施加热量和压力,将其印在基片上。色带上的着色材料,比如染料或墨,被转移到基片上图案的施加位置上。可以在向基片上印图案之前,对基片进行预热。由于压印图案是固定的,所以热压不能用于在基片上形成可变化的标记或图像。因此,热压通常无法用于印刷可变信息,比如印刷用于牌照的板。
直接热印刷通常用于老式传真机中。那些***需要一个包括着色剂的特殊基片,使局部热量能改变纸上特殊位置的颜色。在操作过程中,将基片传送通过一组微小的分立加热单元即像素,对基片进行选择性加热(或不加热)。在像素加热基片的位置,基片变色。通过协调像素的加热作用,基片上会形成字母和数字等图形。但是,基片也会发生出乎意料的变色,比如当暴露于光,热或机械力下时。
染料扩散热转印是染料通过扩散的物理过程,从一个染料供体层向染料接受基片传输染料。通常,要印刷的膜表面进一步包括一个染料接受层,以加快这种扩散。与直接热印刷类似,含有染料的色带和基片被传送通过一组选择性加热色带的加热单元(像素)。在像素加热色带位置的部位,固体染料液化,并通过扩散转移到基片上。一些已知的染料在通过染料扩散被转移后,与基片发生化学反应。基片上颜色的形成取决于化学反应。因而,如果热量(产生的温度或停留的时间)太低,可能无法形成足够深的颜色。因此,通常采用印刷前步骤,比如热熔,来加强染料扩散形成颜色。或者采用美国专利5553951(Simpson等人)公开的一种或多种上游或下游温度控制辊筒,在印刷过程中提供对基片更强的温度控制。
热质转印,也称为热转印,非冲击印刷,热图形印刷和热敏成像,其应用普遍,并成功地商业运用于在基片上形成字符。与热压相同,利用热量和压力将色带上的图形转移到基片上。与直接热印刷和染料扩散印刷相同,像素加热器选择性地加热色带,将着色剂转移至基片上。但是,色带上用于热质转印的着色剂包括具有蜡基,树脂基或其混合物的一种聚合物胶粘剂,通常含有颜料和/或染料。印刷时,色带位于印刷头和聚合膜暴露表面之间。印刷头接触热质转移色带,像素加热器加热色带,当膜通过热质转印机时,印刷头将着色剂从色带转移至膜上。
热质转印机的一个代表性例子是由Zebra Technologies Corporation,Vernon Hills,Illinois制造的,商品名为“Model L170XI”。适用于热质印刷的色带可以从各供货商处购得,包括International Imaging Materials,Inc.,Amherst,NY和Dai Nippon Corporation,Concord,NC。这些热质转移色带通常包括一个厚约6微米的聚酯背衬和一个厚约0.5微米到约6.0微米的着色剂层。其他有关传统热质转印技术的信息参见美国专利5818492(Look)和4847237(Vanderzanden)。
逆反射层通常采取逆反射片形式。最常用的两类逆反射片是微球基压片和立体角基片。微球片,有时称为“粒状片”,是本领域众所周知的,其中包括通常至少部分嵌入胶粘剂层的大量微球和相结合的镜面反射或漫反射材料(比如金属蒸气或溅射涂层,金属薄片,或颜料颗粒)。微球基压片的说明性例子公开在美国专利4025159(McGrath);4983436(Bailey);5064272(Bailey);5066098(Kult);5069964(Tolliver);和5262225(Wilson)中。
优选的逆反射核心包括逆反射度低的玻璃微球,通过施加吸墨项涂层或项膜完成光路,能显著提高逆反射度。玻璃微球分散在胶粘剂层中,基本以单层分散在胶粘剂层中,下面的镜面反射层通过透明胶粘剂物质与微球隔开。适用的胶粘剂层物质包括聚乙烯醇缩丁醛,脂肪族聚氨酯和聚氨酯延长的聚酯(如美国专利5882771第15栏第30-35行所述)。镜面反射层可以是一个蒸气沉积的铝层。
立体角片,有时称为棱镜形,微棱镜形,或三重镜面反射器片,通常包括大量立体角单元来逆反射入射光。立体角逆反射器通常包括一个具有一个基本平的前表面和一列从背面突起的许多立体角单元。立体角反射单元通常包括三面体结构,具有三个大致相互垂直的侧面并相交在一个角上——一个立体角。使用中,逆反射器的前表面一般朝向观测者和光源的预期位置。入射到前表面的光线进入片材,并穿过整个片材,被单元的全部三个侧面反射,以基本朝向光源的方向离开前表面。在全内反射情况下,空气界面必须保持没有灰尘,水和胶粘剂,因此是被一个密封膜封闭的。光线通常因全内反射而在侧面被反射,或如上所述,被在侧面背面的反射涂层所反射。优选的立体角片的聚合物包括聚(碳酸酯),聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯),聚(对苯二甲酸乙二酯),脂肪族聚氨酯,以及乙烯共聚物及其离聚物。立体角片可以通过直接浇注在膜上而制得,如美国专利5691846(Benson)中所述。优选的可被辐射固化的立体角聚合物,包括多官能丙烯酸酯或环氧树脂等交联的丙烯酸酯以及与单-和多官能单体混合的丙烯酸酯化的氨基甲酸乙酯。而且,可以将上述立体角物质浇注在增塑聚氯乙烯膜上,形成更柔软的浇注立体角压片。这些聚合物因为以下一条或多条原因是优选的,包括热稳定性,环境稳定性,透明度,从工具或模具上极佳的剥离性能,和接受反射涂层的可能性。
在片材可能要暴露于潮湿环境的实施方式中,立体角逆反射单元优选被密封膜封闭。当将立体角片用作逆反射层时,为了使层压件或制品不透明,提高其抗刮擦和抗穿凿能力,和/或避免密封膜的粘连倾向,可以使用一个背衬层。立体角基逆反射片的说明性例子公开在美国专利5138488(Szczech);5387458(Pavelka);5450235(Smith);5605761(Burns);5614286(Bacon)和5691846(Benson,Jr)中。
逆反射制品的逆反射系数的变化取决于最终制品的所需特性。但是总的来说,逆反射制品通常在0.2度观察角和-4度入射角时,用ASTM E-810逆反射片的逆反射系数测试方法测量,具有约5到约1500坎德拉/(勒克司·平方米)的逆反射系数。逆反射系数优选至少是10,较优选至少是15,更优选至少是20坎德拉/(勒克司·平方米)。
这里所用术语“胶粘剂层”是指把与胶粘剂层相邻的层彼此永久粘合的层(比如将逆反射层永久粘合于吸墨涂层或膜上)。永久粘合是指不破坏吸墨层,无法将其与逆反射层分离。胶粘剂层可以得自于一种水基胶粘剂组合物,一种溶剂基胶粘剂组合物,以及100%固体胶粘剂组合物,比如热熔胶粘剂。压敏粘合剂,比如丙烯酸基和橡胶基压敏粘合剂组合物是优选的。
胶粘剂在室温和印刷温度下是可贴合的。表征胶粘剂可贴合性的一个优选方式是测量弹性模量,将在下述实施例中对这种方法作进一步说明。总的来说,胶粘剂在室温时的弹性模量小于约0.5GPa。弹性模量优选小于0.3GPa,更优选小于0.2GPa,最优选小于约0.1GPa。估计弹性模量至少是约0.005GPa,更优选至少是约0.008GPa。在需要进行加热的印刷方法中,胶粘剂优选在印刷头温度下是可贴合的。对适用于室温印刷和热印刷的通用可剥离胶粘剂层而言,胶粘剂优选具有基本平的弹性模量与温度变化的曲线,使得弹性模量在约25℃到最高印刷加热温度(比如300°F)的范围内。
胶粘剂层的厚度可以变化,只要胶粘剂层有助于获得要求的可贴合性即可。通常,胶粘剂涂层的厚度是约0.2密耳(2.5微米)到10密耳(250微米)。优选胶粘剂层厚度大于吸墨层厚度。因此,胶粘剂层厚度优选至少是约0.3密耳(4微米)。而且,胶粘剂层厚度优选小于5密耳(125微米),更优选小于2密耳(50微米)。虽然胶粘剂层通常位于吸墨层下面的整个表面上,但是如果需要的话,胶粘剂层也可以只位于要印刷部分的下面。
可以采用任何适用的涂覆技术,将胶粘剂直接施加于逆反射层上,包括丝网印刷,喷涂,喷墨,挤压模涂覆,苯胺印刷,胶印,凹版涂覆,刮涂,刷涂,幕涂,绕线棒涂覆,块涂和类似技术,以及其他能形成发泡粘性层的技术。胶粘剂通常在吸墨层下面形成一个基本连续的层,至少在其要印刷部分的下面。或者,可以将胶粘剂涂覆在剥离衬垫上,然后转移涂覆至逆反射层上。而且,可以先将吸墨层施加于带状载片带上,在水基和溶剂基胶粘剂情况下是至少部分干燥的,然后将胶粘剂施加于吸墨层上,并随后转移涂覆至逆反射层上。对于水基和溶剂基涂层而言,涂覆以后将涂层(即吸墨顶涂层和/或胶粘剂)加以充分干燥。在室温下空气干燥至少24小时,可以使其充分干燥。或者可以将涂层置于温度约40℃到约70℃的烘箱中约5到约20分钟后,再在室温下干燥约1到3小时。
成像的逆反射制品优选能“经受室外应用”,是指该制品能承受极端温度,暴露于从凝露到暴雨的潮湿环境,和在日光紫外辐射下的不褪色稳定性。在作为交通控制信号时,本发明的制品优选有足够的耐受力,使该制品能承受至少一年,更优选三年的风化。这可以用ASTM D4956-99交通控制用逆反射片的标准说明(Standard Specification of Retroreflective Sheeting forTraffic Control)进行测定,该文件描述了若干种类逆反射片的由用途决定的最低性能要求,既是初始的也是在加速的户外风化之后的。初始的和户外风化之后的逆反射系数值,在成像的逆反射基片上通常要低大约50%。
为了提高成像基片的耐用性,特别是在户外环境中暴露于日光下时的耐用性,可以在吸墨层中使用多种市售化学稳定剂,比如热稳定剂,UV光稳定剂和自由基清除剂。
本制品适用于交通信号,卷起式标志,旗帜,横幅和其他制品,包括其他交通警示制品,比如卷起式片材,卷锥式片材,卷柱式片材,卷管式片材,牌照片,屏蔽片和信号片;汽车标志和分段汽车标志;人行道标志带和片;以及逆反射带。该制品也适用于多种逆反射安全设施中,包括衣服,建筑工作区域马甲,救生夹克,雨衣,标志,补丁,促销牌,行李,手提箱,书包,背包,筏,手杖,伞,动物项圈,卡车标志,拖车覆盖物和蓬布,等。
逆反射商用图形膜包括多种广告,促销和公司识别图形膜。这些膜的非观察表面上通常有一种压敏粘合剂,使该膜能被粘贴至目标表面上,比如汽车,卡车,飞机,广告牌,建筑物,天蓬,窗子,地板等。或者,没有胶粘剂的成像膜适用于横幅等,可以被机械悬挂在建筑物上起到展示作用。
下述实施例将对本发明的目的和优点作进一步说明,但是这些实施例中引用的特定物质及其数量,以及其他条件和详细情况,不应被视为对本发明的不适当限制。
测试方法-弹性模量
通过以下测试方法,测定实施例中吸墨层和胶粘剂层的弹性模量:
将一个样品,其尺寸不超过1英寸×1英寸,厚度是1/2英寸,固定在一个直径为2英寸的铝制圆柱体上,该圆柱体作为Nanoindenter XP(MTS SystemsCorp.Nano Instruments Division,Oak Ridge,TN)的夹具。对所有实验都使用一个钻石Berkovich探针(也从MTS Systems Corp.获得)。额定加载速率设定为10纳米/秒,空间漂移给定值设定为最大0.05纳米/秒。使用0.05/秒的至深度为200纳米的恒定应变率实验。将要表征的层置于能从上向下观察的位置,通过显示屏放大100倍观察。对测试区域用XP局部放大100倍,保证测试区域是所需样品材料的代表性区域,即,没有空隙,夹杂物,或碎片。而且,在测试前,采用迭代过程对显微镜光轴-压头轴准线进行检查和校准,用熔融石英标准进行试压印,用XP中提供的软件进行误差修正。
用表面寻找功能定位样品表面,此时探针靠近表面,其在空气中的弹簧刚度会在碰到表面时发生显著变化。接触到表面后,当探针压到表面时,获取负载-位移数据。然后将该数据根据下述方法转换成刚度和弹性模量的材料特性。在样品的不同部位重复实验,从而获得对机械特性的统计估计。
直接从负载位移数据求得的弹性模量是复合模量,即,XP压印测试机对样品机械***的模量。可以从以下公式求得负载-位移压印实验的复合模量:
S=2/SQRT(Pi)*F*SQRT(A)
其中
S-接触刚度,通过MTS XP的专利连续-刚度-方法测定,求解将周期性力函数F(t,w)=md2x/dt2+Kx+bdx/dt与流变样品-压头机械***的系数,即对力函数的位称响应的同相和异相成分相关的分方程,求得同相弹簧常数K(因而刚度-接触面积)和异相衰减系数b。这些测试的默认激发频率是45赫兹。
A-接触面积[平方米],假设压印过程中,压痕与压头是相同形状的,用解析几何对压头形状求模,从而求得投射面积,A=h2+高阶项,其中h-位移深度,高阶项是经验值测量的;
F-复合模量[GPa]
然后从下式求得样品材料的弹性模量(E):
1/F=(1-u2)/K+(1-v2)/E
其中
u-钻石压头的泊松比=0.07
K-钻石压头的弹性模量=1141GPa
v-样品泊松比对这些聚合物样品,假设其泊松比是0.4,求弹性模量时,将校正标准的0.18代入公式中。
制备图形接受层涂覆溶液
将15克含有11.4份乙醇,3.5份交联剂(“CX100”),和0.1份从AirProduct&Chemical Inc.,Allentown,PA购得的商品名是“Surfylnol 104PA”表面活性剂的混合物,加入85克含有68份脂肪族聚氨酯分散液(“NeorezR-960”)和17份蒸馏水的混合物中,并用传统空气混料机以低速混合10分钟。
将图形接受顶涂层涂覆在带状载片带上
将该溶液用一个绕线式刮涂棒(US#8,从R.D.Specialties获得)涂覆到0.002英寸厚的聚酯载片带上。将该涂层在干燥烘箱中以66℃干燥1-2分钟,使溶剂干燥,形成0.00005-0.0001英寸厚交联的氨基甲酸乙酯吸墨层。测得该干燥的吸墨层具有2.16GPa的弹性模量。
实施例1
将上述制备在聚酯载片带上的吸墨层用一种压敏粘合剂层压在逆反射片上,该片材从3M购得,商品名是“3M Scotchlite Retroreflective SheetingSeries 3750”,该胶粘剂的配方是93/7 IOA/AA(即异丁基丙烯酸酯/丙烯酸),形成厚度是0.002英寸,弹性模量是0.01GPa。层压条件是:
压送辊压力=40磅/平方英寸
温度=24℃
速度=1.5米/分
制得片材的外暴露表面上具有聚酯载片带,吸墨层位于载片带下面,压敏粘合剂层位于吸墨层下面,逆反射基片位于胶粘剂层下面。印刷时聚酯载片带除去。
实施例2
实施例2采用与实施例1相同的方法制备,区别在于压敏粘合剂组合物中包含97/3 IOA/AA和38%的增粘剂,该增粘剂从Hercules Inc.,Wilmington,DE购得,商品名为“Foral 85”,该胶粘剂的弹性模量是0.023GPa。
实施例3
实施例3采用与实施例1相同的方法制备,区别在于压敏粘合剂组合物中包含87/13 IOA/AA,弹性模量是0.025GPa。
实施例4
实施例4采用与实施例1相同的方法制备,区别在于吸墨涂层被一个0.002英寸(0.051毫米)的丙烯酸基膜代替,从Polymer Extruded Products,Inc.,Newark,NJ购得,商品名为“Korad 05005”。根据上述测试方法,测得该膜的弹性模量为0.86GPa。
对比实施例A
对比实施例A采用与实施例1相同的方法制备,区别在于吸墨顶涂层溶液被直接涂覆在片材上。因此,在逆反射压片层和吸墨外涂层之间没有胶粘剂存在。
对比实施例B
对比实施例B采用与对比实施例A相同的方法制备,区别在于其中的逆反射片材从3M购得的,其商品名是“Scotchlite Retroreflective Sheeting,Series 4770”。该片材有一个挤压出的乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物吸墨层,其弹性模量是0.58GPa。
用热质印刷机印刷实施例1-4和对比实施例A-B的样品,该印刷机从ZebraTechnologies Corp.,Vernon Hills IL购得,商品名是“L170XI”,使用了两个不同的热质转移树脂色带,是从IIMAK购得的商品名是“DC300”的宝石蓝色带和从Dai Nippon购得的商品名是“R-510”的使用较硬树脂的黑色色带。
所有样品和对比样品都以2英寸/秒(5厘米/秒)的线速度,中等印刷头压力,和各种印刷头温度设定值通过印刷机,如测试结果中所示。单独使用每根色带完成印刷。对于那些具有顶部PET载片带的样品和对比样品,印刷前要剥离掉PET载片。
印刷后,目视观察成像片材的印刷质量。测试图案包括实心块,大小字母数字字符,和十字线条形码。对在同样一定距离的样品,根据表1所示标准进行目测主观分级。
表1
印刷质量分级(PQR) | 分级说明 |
1 | 非常差:小于10%的印刷覆盖率,丢失大小字符;条形码不完全,无法读取;实心块面积不完全;没有印刷出可用的数据 |
2 | 差:小于50%的印刷覆盖率;丢失小字符;印刷出一些大字符;条形码接近完全,但是无法读取;实心块成点状;印刷出一些有用的数据 |
3 | 一般:约90%的印刷覆盖率,但是有一些褶皱,空隙和斑点;印刷出大部分小字符;印刷出全部大字符;条形码细线条可能不完全,但大部分可读取;实心块有较大针孔和褶皱线条;除了一些小字符之外,数据是可读的 |
4 | 好:约99%的印刷覆盖率,有很小的斑点;除了小针孔和一些很小的前倾或拖尾边缘不清晰之外,印刷质量好;所有数据可读 |
5 | 非常好:约99.9%的印刷覆盖率,印刷清晰,清洁,颜色深而完全,可读 |
测试结果如下:
表2
实施例 | 印刷头温度设定 | 使用黑色R510色带的PQR | 使用DC300宝石蓝的PQR |
实施例1 | 中,25 | 5 | 5 |
实施例1 | 低,23 | 3 | 4 |
实施例2 | 中,25 | 5 | 5 |
实施例2 | 低,23 | 3 | 4 |
实施例3 | 中,25 | 5 | 5 |
实施例3 | 低,25 | 3 | 4 |
实施例4 | 中,25 | 5 | 5 |
实施例4 | 低,23 | 5 | 5 |
对比实施例A | 中,25 | 2 | 2 |
对比实施例A | 低,23 | 1 | 1 |
对比实施例B | 中,25 | 2 | 2 |
对比实施例B | 低,23 | 1 | 1 |
使用“DC300”色带在美国专利6246428B1的图4所示的热质转印机上,也试印刷实施例1和对比实施例A-B。印刷时采用相同的线速度7.62厘米/秒(3英寸/秒),印刷头压力,和低的印刷头温度。结果列在下表3中:
表3
实施例 | 印刷头温度设定 | PQR |
实施例1 | 低 | 5 |
对比实施例A | 低 | 2 |
对比实施例B | 低 | 2 |
在每个实施例中,由于吸墨层和逆反射压片层之间存在胶粘剂层,能提高印刷质量。
Claims (31)
1.一种印刷逆反射基片的方法,包括:
a)提供一种基片,包括
i)一层逆反射层;
ii)位于该逆反射层上的胶粘剂层;
iii)位于该胶粘剂层上的吸墨层,其中该吸墨层厚度小于1密耳;
b)印刷该吸墨层。
2.如权利要求1所述方法,其特征在于,根据印刷质量等级划分,印刷质量至少提高一个整数。
3.如权利要求1所述方法,其特征在于,根据印刷质量等级划分,印刷质量至少提高两个整数。
4.如权利要求1所述方法,其特征在于印刷时将基片和印刷设备之间进行接触。
5.如权利要求4所述方法,其特征在于印刷是通过热质转印方法完成的。
6.如权利要求1-5中任一项所述方法,其特征在于该吸墨层厚度小于0.8密耳。
7.如权利要求1-5中任一项所述方法,其特征在于该吸墨层厚度小于0.5密耳。
8.如权利要求1-5中任一项所述方法,其特征在于该吸墨层厚度小于0.3密耳。
9.如权利要求1-5中任一项所述方法,其特征在于该胶粘剂将逆反射层永久粘合于吸墨层上。
10.如权利要求1-5中任一项所述方法,其特征在于该胶粘剂的弹性模量小于0.3GPa。
11.如权利要求1-5中任一项所述方法,其特征在于该胶粘剂的弹性模量小于0.2GPa。
12.如权利要求1-5中任一项所述方法,其特征在于该胶粘剂的弹性模量小于0.1GPa。
13.如权利要求1-5中任一项所述方法,其特征在于该吸墨层包含乙烯基聚合物,聚氨酯聚合物,丙烯酸聚合物,或其混合物。
14.如权利要求1-5中任一项所述方法,其特征在于该逆反射层具有许多立体角逆反射单元。
15.如权利要求1-5中任一项所述方法,其特征在于该逆反射层包括含有玻璃微球的粘合剂层。
16.一种印刷逆反射基片的方法,包括:
a)提供一种基片,包括:
i)一层逆反射层,包括第一主表面和第二主表面;
ii)一层胶粘剂层,位于该逆反射层的第一主表面上;
iii)一层吸墨层,位于该胶粘剂层上;
b)印刷该吸墨层;
其中,根据印刷质量等级划分,印刷质量至少提高一个整数。
17.一种成像的逆反射制品,包括:
a)片材,包括:
i)一层逆反射层;
ii)位于该逆反射层上的胶粘剂层;
iii)位于该胶粘剂层上的吸墨层,其中该吸墨层厚度小于1密耳;
b)在吸墨层上的印刷图形。
18.可被热质印刷的逆反射片,包括:
a)一层逆反射层,包括一个第一主表面和一个第二主表面;
b)一层胶粘剂层,位于该逆反射层的第一主表面上;
c)一层吸墨层,位于该胶粘剂层上;
其中该吸墨层厚度小于1密耳。
19.如权利要求18所述片材,其特征在于该吸墨层厚度小于0.8密耳。
20.如权利要求18所述片材,其特征在于该吸墨层厚度小于0.5密耳。
21.如权利要求18所述片材,其特征在于该吸墨层厚度小于0.3密耳。
22.如权利要求18-21中任一项所述片材,其特征在于该胶粘剂将逆反射层永久粘合于吸墨层上。
23.如权利要求18-21中任一项所述片材,其特征在于该胶粘剂的弹性模量小于0.3GPa。
24.如权利要求18-21中任一项所述片材,其特征在于该胶粘剂的弹性模量小于0.2GPa。
25.如权利要求18-21中任一项所述片材,其特征在于该胶粘剂的弹性模量小于0.1GPa。
26.如权利要求18-21中任一项所述片材,其特征在于该吸墨层包含乙烯基聚合物,聚氨酯聚合物,丙烯酸聚合物,或其混合物。
27.如权利要求18-21中任一项所述片材,其特征在于该逆反射层有许多立体角逆反射单元。
28.如权利要求18-21中任一项所述片材,其特征在于该逆反射层包括一层含有玻璃微球的粘合剂层。
29.一种印刷逆反射基片的方法,包括:
a)提供一种基片,包括:
i)一层逆反射层;
ii)位于该逆反射层上的胶粘剂层;
iii)位于该胶粘剂层上的吸墨层,其中该吸墨层包含丙烯酸基聚合物或氨基甲酸乙酯基聚合物;
b)印刷该吸墨层。
30.一种成像的逆反射制品,包括:
a)片材,包括:
i)一层逆反射层;
ii)位于该逆反射层上的胶粘剂层;
iii)位于该胶粘剂层上的吸墨层,其中该吸墨层包含丙烯酸基聚合物或氨基甲酸乙酯基聚合物;
b)在吸墨层上形成的印刷图像。
31.可被热质印刷的逆反射片,包括:
a)一层逆反射层,包括一个第一主表面和一个第二主表面;
b)一层胶粘剂层,位于该逆反射层的第一主表面上;
c)一层吸墨层,位于该胶粘剂层上;
其中该吸墨层包含丙烯酸基聚合物或氨基甲酸乙酯基聚合物。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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US33288501P | 2001-11-05 | 2001-11-05 | |
US60/332,885 | 2001-11-05 |
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CN1582235A true CN1582235A (zh) | 2005-02-16 |
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CNA028221834A Pending CN1582235A (zh) | 2001-11-05 | 2002-11-05 | 对逆反射片和制品进行印刷的方法 |
CNA028243617A Pending CN1599670A (zh) | 2001-11-05 | 2002-11-05 | 对薄膜印刷的方法及制品 |
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CNA028243617A Pending CN1599670A (zh) | 2001-11-05 | 2002-11-05 | 对薄膜印刷的方法及制品 |
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US (2) | US6712532B2 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP1441912A1 (zh) |
JP (2) | JP2005508268A (zh) |
KR (2) | KR20050056914A (zh) |
CN (2) | CN1582235A (zh) |
BR (1) | BR0213331A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2462616A1 (zh) |
MX (1) | MXPA04003973A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL368305A1 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2004113954A (zh) |
WO (2) | WO2003039885A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA200404388B (zh) |
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- 2002-11-05 WO PCT/US2002/035418 patent/WO2003039885A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-11-05 EP EP02776451A patent/EP1441912A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-11-05 US US10/288,396 patent/US6712532B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-11-05 JP JP2003541951A patent/JP2005508268A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-11-05 JP JP2003541950A patent/JP2005508516A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-11-05 WO PCT/US2002/035417 patent/WO2003039883A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-11-05 CN CNA028221834A patent/CN1582235A/zh active Pending
- 2002-11-05 EP EP02776450A patent/EP1441910A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-11-05 MX MXPA04003973A patent/MXPA04003973A/es unknown
- 2002-11-05 BR BR0213331-8A patent/BR0213331A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-11-05 KR KR1020047006799A patent/KR20050056914A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-11-05 PL PL02368305A patent/PL368305A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-11-05 CA CA002462616A patent/CA2462616A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-11-05 RU RU2004113954/12A patent/RU2004113954A/ru unknown
- 2002-11-05 CN CNA028243617A patent/CN1599670A/zh active Pending
- 2002-11-05 KR KR1020047006503A patent/KR20050043731A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-11-05 US US10/288,721 patent/US20040202840A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2004
- 2004-06-03 ZA ZA200404388A patent/ZA200404388B/en unknown
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114690296A (zh) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-07-01 | 恩希爱(杭州)薄膜有限公司 | 一种逆反射片及其制备方法 |
CN114690296B (zh) * | 2020-12-29 | 2024-04-05 | 恩希爱(杭州)薄膜有限公司 | 一种逆反射片及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2462616A1 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
BR0213331A (pt) | 2004-10-13 |
JP2005508516A (ja) | 2005-03-31 |
KR20050043731A (ko) | 2005-05-11 |
RU2004113954A (ru) | 2005-03-10 |
US6712532B2 (en) | 2004-03-30 |
EP1441910A1 (en) | 2004-08-04 |
MXPA04003973A (es) | 2004-07-08 |
CN1599670A (zh) | 2005-03-23 |
WO2003039883A1 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
WO2003039885A1 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
US20040202840A1 (en) | 2004-10-14 |
US20030099495A1 (en) | 2003-05-29 |
JP2005508268A (ja) | 2005-03-31 |
ZA200404388B (en) | 2006-05-31 |
EP1441912A1 (en) | 2004-08-04 |
WO2003039885A8 (en) | 2003-09-04 |
PL368305A1 (en) | 2005-03-21 |
KR20050056914A (ko) | 2005-06-16 |
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