CN1580672A - Fully mechanical throttle control mechanism for supercritical carbon dioxide refrigerating system - Google Patents
Fully mechanical throttle control mechanism for supercritical carbon dioxide refrigerating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN1580672A CN1580672A CNA2004100184783A CN200410018478A CN1580672A CN 1580672 A CN1580672 A CN 1580672A CN A2004100184783 A CNA2004100184783 A CN A2004100184783A CN 200410018478 A CN200410018478 A CN 200410018478A CN 1580672 A CN1580672 A CN 1580672A
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- control valve
- pressure
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- adjusting rod
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
- F25B41/31—Expansion valves
- F25B41/33—Expansion valves with the valve member being actuated by the fluid pressure, e.g. by the pressure of the refrigerant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
- F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/17—Control issues by controlling the pressure of the condenser
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
Abstract
This is an transcritical carbon dioxide refrigeration system whole mechanicals throttling control mechanism. It comprises throttle valve, gas-liquid separator, mixer thermo-mechanic expanding valve, and high-pressure control valve. The high-pressure valve comprises high-pressure control valve adjusting flow path, high-pressure control main flow path, admission control piston, admission control spring, adjust bolt adjust-rod control piston, adjust-rod control spring, adjust rod. The opening degree of the thermo-mechanic expanding valve is controlled by the over-heating degree of the refrigerant at the outlet of the evaporator. To adjust the opening degree, then to adjust the evaporate pressure and control the overheat degree of the refrigerant. To control the side high pressure is controlled by the high-pressure control valve to control the gas quantity of refrigerant, which enter to the expanding valve inlet.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of refrigeration system throttling controlling organization, be particularly related to a kind of critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system fully mechanical throttling controlling organization, be used to control the high-pressure side of critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system and the pressure of low-pressure side, belong to refrigeration technology field.
Background technology:
The critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system adopts the natural refrigerant carbon dioxide as cold-producing medium, helps protecting environment, and its performance and the circulation of traditional freon refrigeration have quite obtained generally approval development prospect.
The high-low pressure control characteristic of critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system and common subcritical compression-type refrigerating system have more different.The adjusting of subcritical cycle compression-type refrigerating system low-pressure lateral pressure is to realize according to the aperture that the degree of superheat of evaporator outlet is adjusted expansion valve, does not then directly control for high side pressure.For the high-pressure side, condensation temperature mainly depends on the temperature and the flow of cooling medium, condensing pressure is corresponding one by one with condensation temperature, and on high-tension side pressure is condensing pressure, therefore on high-tension side pressure depends on the temperature and the flow of cooling medium basically, does not need to control specially in system.For the critical-cross carbon dioxide system, what the high-pressure side cold-producing medium took place is not condensation process, but the cooling procedure of supercritical gas, its pressure and temperature are two independently variablees.Although therefore temperature is subjected to the qualification of cooling medium, pressure is not restricted.In the critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system, high side pressure can reach 70-150bar, is 7-10 times of refrigerating plant commonly used, and on high-tension side in addition pressure characteristic has very big influence for the operating efficiency of system.Therefore no matter be to consider, in the critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system, except controlling, also must control for high side pressure for low-pressure lateral pressure from security or from the thermal efficiency.
In the prior art, Shengming Liao and Arne Jakobsen are in its paper " Shengming Liao; Arne Jakobsen.Optimal heat rejection pressure in transcritical carbon dioxide airconditioning and heat pump systems.Proc.Natural Working Fluids ' 98; Oslo; 1998:301-310 ", a kind of control thought has been proposed, its core is: control on high-tension side pressure with choke valve, adopt frequency-changeable compressor, by the impression frequency that the temperature in space regulates compressor of catching a cold, reach the effect of control low-pressure side performance.This scheme though solved the simultaneously controlled problem of high and low pressure side to a certain extent, then can not be suitable for for the carbon dioxide refrigerating system that adopts the constant volume compressor.And the expense of frequency-changeable compressor is much higher than the constant volume compressor, so the economy of aforementioned schemes is relatively poor.
In the prior art, application number is that 03116298.3 national inventing patent " critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system throttling controlling organization " has proposed a kind of critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system that adopts the constant volume compressor that is applicable to, the throttling controlling organization that can control simultaneously its high and low pressure side pressure, its core is: the control of low-pressure lateral pressure is to carry out according to the aperture that the degree of superheat of evaporimeter is adjusted heating power expansion valve; The control of high side pressure then is the switch by magnetic valve, and the refrigerant condition that control enters the heating power expansion valve import realizes.In this scheme, need drive the action of magnetic valve by external power supply, and have pressure sensor to come the pressure of testing high voltage side.
Up to the present, also do not adopt mechanical system fully, do not need to introduce in addition power supply, the mechanism that can control for the high and low pressure side pressure of the critical-cross carbon dioxide system that adopts the constant volume compressor simultaneously.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, design provides a kind of critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system that adopts the constant volume compressor that is applicable to, the fully mechanical throttling controlling organization that can control simultaneously its high and low pressure side pressure.
The critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system fully mechanical throttling controlling organization that the present invention proposes comprises: choke valve, gas-liquid separator, blender, heating power expansion valve, high pressure control valve, wherein high pressure control valve comprises: high voltage control valve regulation stream, high pressure control valve primary flow path, air inlet control piston, air inlet control spring, adjusting bolt, adjusting rod control piston, adjusting rod control spring, adjusting rod.Compressor outlet links to each other with the gas cooler import, the gas cooler outlet links to each other with the choke valve import, the choke valve outlet links to each other with the vapour liquid separator import, the gaseous phase outlet of vapour liquid separator links to each other with the high pressure control valve import, the liquid phase outlet of high voltage control valve outlet port and vapour liquid separator all links to each other with the blender import, mixer outlet links to each other with the heating power expansion valve import, and the thermal expansion valve outlet port links to each other with evaporator, and evaporator outlet links to each other with compressor inlet.
The pressure of low-pressure side is controlled by heating power expansion valve.Cross when low when evaporating pressure, the degree of superheat of evaporator outlet is with excessive, and this moment, the aperture of heating power expansion valve increased automatically, and the flow of cold-producing medium is increased, thereby made evaporating pressure and evaporating temperature rising; When evaporating pressure was too high, then expansion valve fell evaporating pressure after rise by reducing aperture.
The control of on high-tension side pressure then is to realize by the refrigerant condition that control enters heating power expansion valve.The high-pressure carbon dioxide that gas cooler comes out might be subcooled liquid, also might be supercritical fluid, but through the step-down of choke valve, all can become two-phase fluid and flows to gas-liquid separator.By high pressure control valve adjustments of gas flow, then can regulate the preceding refrigerant condition of heating power expansion valve.When pressure raise, the gas that flows through was less, and the refrigerant liquid composition that enters heating power expansion valve increases, and helps augmented flow, reduces on high-tension side pressure; And pressure is low the time, and the gas that flows through is more, and the cold-producing medium that enters heating power expansion valve like this comprises more gas, and flow will reduce, and makes on high-tension side pressure rise.
Air inlet control piston in the high pressure control valve, air inlet control spring, adjusting bolt, adjusting rod control piston, adjusting rod control spring, adjusting rod, flow through the refrigerant flow size of high pressure control valve in order to control, and along with high side pressure changes and produces the speed of response.Set up the pretightning force P2 of air inlet control spring pretightning force P1 and adjusting rod control spring in advance, by the runner of air inlet control piston control cold-producing medium.When the pressure that acts on the air inlet control piston during greater than P1, the air inlet control piston moves down; When the pressure that acts on the adjusting rod control piston during greater than P2, the adjusting rod control piston moves down, and drives adjusting rod and move down, thereby increases the flow passage resistance force of waterproof of cold-producing medium by the high pressure control valve primary flow path of adjusting rod control, the gas flow that reduces to pass through.In high voltage control valve regulation stream, regulate bolt between air inlet control piston and adjusting rod control piston, regulate bolt and make and form a restriction in the air inlet stream.When adjusting screw(rod) is adjusted downwards, it will dwindle choke area, make the flow adjustment of high pressure valve increase for the time delay that system high pressure responds; And when adjusting upward, then can strengthen choke area, make the flow adjustment of high pressure valve reduce for the time delay of system high pressure response.When the pressure of outside raises, act on pressure on the adjusting rod control piston and be not the high side pressure that quickly is elevated to in the system and equate, but the throttle orifice that will wait cold-producing medium to control by adjusting screw(rod) could act on the adjusting rod control piston gradually.Throttle orifice is more little, and outer surface pressure changes the pressure that is reflected on the adjusting rod control piston and changes slow more.Otherwise, when the high side pressure in the system reduces, act on pressure on the adjusting rod control piston and neither drop to high side pressure in the system quickly and equate, but discharge by the cold-producing medium that restriction progressively will act on piston top, make pressure descend, when equaling P1.
By above-mentioned control mode, when guaranteeing that low-pressure side has convenient pressure, on high-tension side pressure also is under control, and has avoided causing because of high side pressure is too high the danger of system.
In this controlling organization, choke valve, heating power expansion valve, gas-liquid separator, blender are the economic universal component that can purchase, though high pressure valve is a specialized designs, but structure is also comparatively simple, and this control structure does not need pressure sensor, do not need to introduce control circuit, so economy and reliability are better.Though control these two variablees that intercouple of the degree of superheat of on high-tension side pressure and evaporimeter simultaneously, need to pay close attention to the stability problem of control, but owing in the high pressure valve of the present invention the adjusting bolt that can regulate time lag is arranged, therefore the response of high voltage control adjusting is slower than the evaporator superheat control loop, can avoid possible control instability problem.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system fully mechanical throttling controlling organization schematic diagram of the present invention.
Among the figure, the 1st, compressor, the 2nd, gas cooler, the 3rd, choke valve, the 4th, gas-liquid separator, the 5th, blender, the 6th, heating power expansion valve, the 7th, evaporimeter, the 8th, high pressure control valve, the 9th, high voltage control valve regulation stream, the 10th, high pressure control valve primary flow path, the 11st, air inlet control piston, the 12nd, the air inlet control spring, the 13rd, regulate bolt, the 14th, the adjusting rod control piston, the 15th, adjusting rod control spring, the 16th, adjusting rod.
The specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing concrete enforcement of the present invention is further described.
As shown in Figure 1, critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system fully mechanical throttling controlling organization of the present invention mainly comprises choke valve 3, gas-liquid separator 4, blender 5, heating power expansion valve 6, high pressure control valve 8, and wherein the main element of high pressure control valve 8 is high voltage control valve regulation stream 9, high pressure control valve primary flow path 10, air inlet control piston 11, air inlet control spring 12, regulates bolt 13, adjusting rod control piston 14, adjusting rod control spring 15, adjusting rod 16.Except that the throttling controlling organization, the critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system also comprises compressor 1, gas cooler 2, evaporimeter 7.
Compressor 1 outlet links to each other with gas cooler 2 imports, gas cooler 2 outlets link to each other with choke valve 3 imports, choke valve 3 outlets link to each other with vapour liquid separator 4 imports, the gaseous phase outlet of vapour liquid separator 4 links to each other with high pressure control valve 8 imports, the liquid phase outlet of high pressure control valve 8 outlets and vapour liquid separator 4 all links to each other with blender 5 imports, blender 5 outlets link to each other with heating power expansion valve 6 imports, and heating power expansion valve 6 outlets link to each other with evaporimeter 7 imports, and evaporimeter 7 outlets link to each other with compressor 1 import.
The import of high pressure control valve primary flow path 10 promptly is high pressure control valve 8 imports, and outlet is the outlet of high pressure control valve 8.One end of high voltage control valve regulation stream 9 links to each other with the import of high pressure control valve primary flow path 10, other end sealing.In high voltage control valve regulation stream 9, be installed into gas control system spring 12 and air inlet control piston 11 successively from holding high voltage control valve regulation stream 9 and linking to each other of high pressure control valve primary flow path 10 its blind end; Regulate bolt 13; Adjusting rod control spring 15, adjusting rod control piston 14, adjusting rod 16.One end of air inlet control spring 12 links to each other with air inlet control piston 11, and the other end is fixed on high voltage control valve regulation stream 9 internal faces.One end of adjusting rod control spring 15 links to each other with adjusting rod control piston 14, and the other end is fixed on the high voltage control valve regulation stream 9 blind end internal faces.One end of adjusting rod 16 and adjusting rod control piston 14 is fixing, and the other end inserts in the high pressure control valve primary flow path 10, and to change the cross section of fluid channel of high pressure control valve primary flow path 10 long-pending by moving up and down adjusting rod 16.Regulate bolt 13 and be spun on the high voltage control valve regulation stream 9, regulate bolt 13 by rotation and reach the effect that changes high voltage control valve regulation stream 9 flow passage resistance force of waterproof.
Under nominal situation, compressor 1 is discharged supercritical CO 2 high pressure gas, become liquid or temperature behind the gas coming through cooler 2 than supercritical fluid near environment temperature, flowing through becomes two-phase fluid behind the choke valve 3 again, effect by gas-liquid separator 4, liquid and gas obtain separating, liquid phase directly enters blender 5, gas phase then enters mixing chamber 5 again by high pressure control valve 8, the two-phase system cryogen that comes out from mixing chamber 5 flows to evaporimeter 7 by heating power expansion valve 6, and then is sucked by compressor 8.
When on high-tension side pressure rises, air inlet control piston 11 is further pushed away downwards, and gases at high pressure flow into gradually by the throttle orifice of regulating bolt 13 controls, and the pressure that acts on the adjusting rod control piston 14 strengthens gradually, control piston 14 moves down, and promotion adjusting rod 16 moves down.Flow resistance in the high pressure control valve primary flow path 10 increases at this moment, and the gas flow that flows through high pressure control valve 8 reduces.When on high-tension side pressure descends, by an opposite process, the gas flow that flows through high pressure control valve 8 will progressively increase.
Adjust the pretightning force of air inlet control spring 12 and adjusting rod control spring 15, the high pressure that can change system is set.Adjust and regulate bolt 13, then can change the speed of pressure adjustment process.
The aperture of heating power expansion valve 6 is controlled by the refrigerant superheat degree of evaporimeter 7 outlets.When evaporating pressure is low excessively, when the degree of superheat was excessive, the aperture of heating power expansion valve 6 increased, and the flow of cold-producing medium increases, so evaporating pressure rises degree of superheat decline with evaporating temperature; When evaporating pressure was too high, then expansion valve 6 suppressed the rising of evaporating pressure by reducing aperture.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system fully mechanical throttling controlling organization, mainly comprise choke valve (3), gas-liquid separator (4), blender (5), heating power expansion valve (6), it is characterized in that also comprising high pressure control valve (8), gas cooler (2) outlet links to each other with choke valve (3) import, choke valve (3) outlet links to each other with vapour liquid separator (4) import, the gaseous phase outlet of vapour liquid separator (4) links to each other with high pressure control valve (8) import, the liquid phase outlet of high pressure control valve (8) outlet and vapour liquid separator (4) all links to each other with blender (5) import, blender (5) outlet links to each other with heating power expansion valve (6) import, and heating power expansion valve (6) outlet then links to each other with evaporimeter (7) import.
2, critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system fully mechanical throttling controlling organization according to claim 1, it is characterized in that high pressure control valve (8) comprising: high voltage control valve regulation stream (9), high pressure control valve primary flow path (10), air inlet control piston (11), air inlet control spring (12), regulate bolt (13), adjusting rod control piston (14), adjusting rod control spring (15), adjusting rod (16), the import of high pressure control valve primary flow path (10) promptly is high pressure control valve (8) import, outlet is the outlet of high pressure control valve (8), one end of high voltage control valve regulation stream (9) links to each other with the import of high pressure control valve primary flow path (10), other end sealing, in high voltage control valve regulation stream (9), be installed into gas control system spring (12) and air inlet control piston (11) successively from holding high voltage control valve regulation stream (9) and linking to each other of high pressure control valve primary flow path (10) its blind end; Regulate bolt (13); Adjusting rod control spring (15), adjusting rod control piston (14), adjusting rod (16), one end of air inlet control spring (12) links to each other with air inlet control piston (11), the other end is fixed on high voltage control valve regulation stream (9) internal face, one end of adjusting rod control spring (15) links to each other with adjusting rod control piston (14), the other end is fixed on high voltage control valve regulation stream (9) the blind end internal face, one end of adjusting rod (16) and adjusting rod control piston (14) are fixing, the other end inserts in the high pressure control valve primary flow path (10), regulates bolt (13) and is spun on the high voltage control valve regulation stream (9).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100184783A CN100570245C (en) | 2004-05-20 | 2004-05-20 | Critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system fully mechanical throttling controlling organization |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100184783A CN100570245C (en) | 2004-05-20 | 2004-05-20 | Critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system fully mechanical throttling controlling organization |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1580672A true CN1580672A (en) | 2005-02-16 |
| CN100570245C CN100570245C (en) | 2009-12-16 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNB2004100184783A Expired - Fee Related CN100570245C (en) | 2004-05-20 | 2004-05-20 | Critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigeration system fully mechanical throttling controlling organization |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1317537C (en) * | 2005-09-08 | 2007-05-23 | 上海交通大学 | Critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigerating system restriction sleeve |
| CN100381738C (en) * | 2006-05-25 | 2008-04-16 | 上海交通大学 | Carbon dioxide anti-freezing anti-blocking safety valve |
| CN100394127C (en) * | 2006-04-04 | 2008-06-11 | 烟台冰轮股份有限公司 | Heat-exchanging system adopting carbon dioxide as coolant |
| CN100434840C (en) * | 2004-06-11 | 2008-11-19 | 大金工业株式会社 | Air conditioner |
| CN102144136A (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2011-08-03 | 丹佛斯公司 | A method for calibrating a superheat sensor |
| CN103105021A (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2013-05-15 | 秦海涛 | Refrigeration heat pump unit of carbon dioxide (CO2) transcritical cycle and control method thereof |
| CN103339453A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2013-10-02 | 丹佛斯公司 | An expansion valve with variable opening degree |
-
2004
- 2004-05-20 CN CNB2004100184783A patent/CN100570245C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100434840C (en) * | 2004-06-11 | 2008-11-19 | 大金工业株式会社 | Air conditioner |
| CN1317537C (en) * | 2005-09-08 | 2007-05-23 | 上海交通大学 | Critical-cross carbon dioxide refrigerating system restriction sleeve |
| CN100394127C (en) * | 2006-04-04 | 2008-06-11 | 烟台冰轮股份有限公司 | Heat-exchanging system adopting carbon dioxide as coolant |
| CN100381738C (en) * | 2006-05-25 | 2008-04-16 | 上海交通大学 | Carbon dioxide anti-freezing anti-blocking safety valve |
| CN102144136A (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2011-08-03 | 丹佛斯公司 | A method for calibrating a superheat sensor |
| CN102144136B (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2013-06-19 | 丹佛斯公司 | Method for calibrating superheat sensor |
| CN103339453A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2013-10-02 | 丹佛斯公司 | An expansion valve with variable opening degree |
| CN103105021A (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2013-05-15 | 秦海涛 | Refrigeration heat pump unit of carbon dioxide (CO2) transcritical cycle and control method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100570245C (en) | 2009-12-16 |
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Granted publication date: 20091216 Termination date: 20120520 |