CN1564051A - Chirp pulse compressor - Google Patents
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- CN1564051A CN1564051A CN 200410017495 CN200410017495A CN1564051A CN 1564051 A CN1564051 A CN 1564051A CN 200410017495 CN200410017495 CN 200410017495 CN 200410017495 A CN200410017495 A CN 200410017495A CN 1564051 A CN1564051 A CN 1564051A
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Abstract
A chirp pulse compressor, including the grating pair parallel to each other, it features that there are telescope system and holophote behind the grating pair, the telescope system is made up of plano-concave lens, biconvex lens and biconcave lens sequentially; the biconvex lens is placed on a two-dimensional manual translation stage with adjustable height and displacement along a rotating shaft, and a plano-concave lens and the biconvex lens) and the biconcave lens are virtually confocal, and the positions of the biconvex lens and the biconcave lens are fixed. The chirp pulse compressor can effectively compensate second-order, third-order and fourth-order dispersion, does not generate obvious energy loss and waveform distortion, and improves the compression ratio by one time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical pulse compressor, particularly a kind of chirped pulse compressor reducer of the multipurpose high-performance based on grating pair.
Background technology
Traditional special western grating pair chirped pulse compressor reducer has utilized the big angular dispersion effect of grating.Formerly in the technology, be published in the 9th phase of IEEE in 1969 by scientist Treacy, on the 454th～458 page, this gratings compressor structure as shown in Figure 1.It is made up of two gratings, and grating is parallel to each other.Chirped optical pulse is from grating 11 incidents, and through first grating diffration effect, the spectral component of different wave length diffraction on diffraction surfaces is opened.Diffraction angle
dRelevant with the wavelength X of spectral component, its size is determined by the optical grating diffraction formula:
sinθ
i+sinθ
d(λ)＝Nλ 1
θ wherein
iBe the incident angle of chirped optical pulse, θ
d(λ) be the first-order diffraction angle of chirped optical pulse, N is the line density of grating, and λ is the wavelength of different spectral components.To grating 12, calibrated by the spectral component of the light pulse of first optical grating diffraction by second grating pair with the chirped pulse first-order diffraction for grating 11, at last from second grating outgoing.Therefore, the spectral component of different wave length has experienced different time delays in grating pair:
Here, τ
dBe the time delay that chirped optical pulse experiences in grating pair, l (λ) is the light path that chirped optical pulse lives through in grating pair:
Wherein G is the vertical range between grating 11 and the grating 12 in the grating pair, θ
iBe the incident angle of chirped optical pulse, θ
d(λ) be the first-order diffraction angle of chirped optical pulse, λ is the wavelength of different spectral components.Because chirped optical pulse forward position subwave is grown up, the first-order diffraction angle is big, and the light path that experiences in grating pair is big, and time delay is long; And behind the chirped pulse along subwave length, the first-order diffraction angle is little, the light path that experiences in grating pair is little, time delay is short.So chirped optical pulse is back along the forward position part of partly catching up with chirped optical pulse, has so just finished the compression of chirped pulse.
The great advantage of this grating pair pulse shortener is that pulse compression ratio is big, the fourth-order dispersion that produces of the third-order dispersion that produces of compensated pulse stretcher and laser amplification medium and other optical device and limited compensation stretcher and laser amplification medium and other optical device preferably, thus realize the approximate full remuneration of three rank and fourth-order dispersion.But this grating pair pulse shortener also has a lot of shortcomings:
1, this grating pair pulse shortener can not still have residual three rank and the fourth-order dispersion of failing to compensate with stretcher and laser amplifier system and other optical device to three rank and thoroughly clean compensation of fourth-order dispersion that chirped pulse applies in the pulse after compression.Like this, lower through the pulse contrast after broadening, amplification and the compression, its contrast is generally 10
2～10
5Between, have a strong impact on experimental result, limited ultrashort pulse and required greater than 10 in intensity contrast
6Pilot plasma in use.
2, since gratings compressor each rank chromatic dispersion that light pulse applies is influenced each other, that is to say that in regulating grating pair vertical range compensates 2nd order chromatic dispersion between two gratings in, also changed high-order chromatic dispersions such as three rank and quadravalence; When compensating third-order dispersion, change pulse incident angle also can influence high-order chromatic dispersions such as second order and quadravalence.Like this, this pulse shortener can not independently compensate each rank chromatic dispersion completely, and the light pulse of compressing by this pulse shortener can not have very high intensity contrast.
3, owing to pulse is only experienced once and the limited size of raster size in gratings compressor, have only a wavelength components to be caught fully by second grating, chromatic dispersion causes all other wavelength components to be lost on second grating top, this means the imperfect of the loss of pulse energy and spectrum, will make final pulse that certain broadening (～15%) is arranged simultaneously.So traditional grating pair can make the focus strength of compression afterpulse and contrast reduce.
Summary of the invention:
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned traditional raster paired pulses compressor reducer, and a kind of chirped pulse compressor reducer is provided.This chirped pulse compressor reducer should compensate second order, three rank and fourth-order dispersion effectively, does not produce tangible energy loss and wave form distortion.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of chirped pulse compressor reducer comprises the grating pair that is parallel to each other, and it is characterized in that also having telescopic system and completely reflecting mirror after this grating pair, and this telescopic system is made up of plano-concave lens, biconvex lens and biconcave lens successively; The turning axle of this plano-concave lens and biconcave lens is on the turning axle of telescopic system, the outgoing beam of this grating pair is perpendicular to the plane of the plano-concave lens of described telescopic system, the enlargement ratio of its telescopic system is 1: 0.92～0.96, wherein biconvex lens is placed on the two-dimentional manual translation platform, the adjustable height of this two dimension manual translation platform, so that the turning axle of biconvex lens departs from the turning axle of telescopic system in the scope of 0～1.5cm, but its turning axle is still parallel with the turning axle strictness of telescopic system, can make biconvex lens do the upward translation of axle of 0～2cm by regulating the stroke (being the x direction of principal axis) of two-dimentional manual translation platform on the telescopic system turning axle, compound lens and biconcave lens void that plano-concave lens and biconvex lens are formed are confocal, and their stationkeeping is constant, all lens are coated with the medium anti-reflection film of operation wavelength, wherein, described completely reflecting mirror is that the plane of reflection of this completely reflecting mirror is perpendicular to incident beam at the catoptron of the film that is all-trans with respect to operating wave strong point plating medium.
The optional scope of grating groove density of described grating is 1400-2000 line/mm.
Described plano-concave lens thickness is 1.0～1.5cm, and radius-of-curvature is 28.2～30.2cm, and lens material is a ZF10 glass; The biconvex lens first curvature radius is 31.2～33.2cm, and second curvature radius is 40.2～42.2cm, and lens material is a ZBaF1 glass; Biconcave lens two sides radius-of-curvature is 70～78cm, and lens material is a ZF10 glass.
The distance of biconcave lens is 5～10cm in described catoptron and the telescopic system.
Characteristics of the present invention are:
The right focus of the right focus of compound lens and biconcave lens overlaps in this telescopic system, the turning axle of telescopic system is parallel with the incident direction of light beam, all impinge perpendicularly on the plano-concave lens of telescopic system from the light of the different wave length of second grating outgoing, plano-concave lens and biconvex lens are formed three rank and the variable compound lens of fourth-order dispersion, that is to say the high-order dispersion that to come gating pulse compressor reducer system by the relative position of adjusting between plano-concave lens and the biconvex lens.
Be provided with the completely reflecting mirror of plating deielectric-coating at the end of this compressor reducer, completely reflecting mirror is vertical with the turning axle of telescopic system, impinge perpendicularly on the completely reflecting mirror from the light of telescopic system biconcave lens outgoing, on completely reflecting mirror, incident light returns along former road, and the distance of catoptron and biconcave lens is 5～10cm.
Described telescopic system is made of three lens: the distance of plano-concave lens and biconvex lens is 2.30～2.50cm, and the distance of biconvex lens and biconcave lens is 5～8cm.
Advantage of the present invention:
1, compare with traditional pulse shortener, this novel chirped pulse compressor reducer can compensate stretcher, laser amplification medium and other optical device to three rank and the fourth-order dispersion that chirped pulse applies completely.Traditional grating pair pulse shortener does not have telescopic system, but compensates high-order chromatic dispersions such as second order and three rank by the vertical range that changes between the grating pair with the incident angle of regulating chirped pulse; But, because grating pair influences each other to the high-order dispersion that chirped pulse applies, that is to say, when the vertical range in regulating grating pair between two gratings compensates 2nd order chromatic dispersion, high-order chromatic dispersions such as three rank and quadravalence have also been changed, when compensating third-order dispersion, change chirped pulse incident angle also can influence high-order chromatic dispersions such as second order and quadravalence, so be difficult to each rank chromatic dispersion is effectively compensated simultaneously.This pulse shortener keep traditional pulse shortener by change two between the grating vertical range and when the size of chirped pulse incident angle compensates the method for second order and third-order dispersion respectively, utilize the achromatic principle of compound lens further three rank and the independent compensation completely of fourth-order dispersion to be fallen.Here, make plano-concave lens and biconvex lens relative translation in the other direction in diffraction surfaces in the compound lens, thereby change the aberration chromatic dispersion and the three rank phase places relevant of compound lens, can independently control and compensate third-order dispersion like this, and can not influence other each rank chromatic dispersion with wavelength; By changing plano-concave lens and the relative distance of biconvex lens on the telescopic system turning axle in the compound lens, thereby change the spherical aberration chromatic dispersion and the quadravalence phase place relevant of compound lens with wavelength, can independently control and compensate fourth-order dispersion like this, and can not influence other each rank chromatic dispersion, such three rank and fourth-order dispersion can be fallen by independent compensation completely simultaneously.
2, this pulse shortener is regulated flexible.Traditional pulse shortener compensates high-order chromatic dispersions such as second order and three rank by changing the vertical range between the grating pair and regulating the chirped pulse incident angle; But because each rank chromatic dispersion that the grating pair paired pulses applies influences each other, the difficulty that compensates three rank and fourth-order dispersion by vertical range between the adjustment grating pair and adjusting chirped pulse incident angle is very big, three rank and fourth-order dispersion full remuneration can't be fallen.Because this pulse shortener can compensate three rank and fourth-order dispersion at relative position on the diffraction surfaces and the relative distance on the telescopic system turning axle by plano-concave lens and biconvex lens in the change compound lens, can independently control three rank and fourth-order dispersion, regulate simple and flexible, not influenced by other factors.
3, light pulse focus strength and the contrast height that compresses through this pulse shortener.Traditional pulse shortener end does not have completely reflecting mirror, pulse in compressor reducer only through once, and because the size of grating is limited, have only a wavelength to be caught fully by second grating, chromatic dispersion causes all other wavelength to be lost on second grating top, this means the imperfect of the loss of pulse energy and spectrum, will make the output pulse after the final compression that certain broadening (～15%) is arranged simultaneously.So traditional grating pair pulse shortener can make pulse produce significantly distortion, pulse concentration intensity and contrast reduce.This pulse shortener is by adopting the completely reflecting mirror of plating deielectric-coating endways, make light pulse in compressor reducer through twice, thereby effectively overcoming the spectrum that once passes through to be brought shears and loss of power, simultaneously since three rank and fourth-order dispersion can thoroughly be compensated, like this, the focus strength and the contrast of output pulse have just improved greatly, and its intensity contrast is 10
6～10
8Between, the broadening of the final output pulse after the compression is lower than～and 5%.
4, the ratio of compression of this pulse shortener is big.In traditional pulse shortener, pulse only in grating pair through once, ratio of compression is little.This pulse shortener by completely reflecting mirror make light pulse in grating pair through twice, thereby ratio of compression is doubled, like this, under same ratio of compression requires, vertical range between the grating pair can be reduced to half of traditional pulse shortener, make whole compressor reducer become compacter.
5, another lens of telescopic system adopt biconcave lens, make compound lens and biconcave lens confocal like this at virtual focus, can avoid compound lens and biconvex when confocal, greatly to cause destructive effects such as air ionization owing to the light pulse focus strength at the real focus place.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of traditional pulse shortener
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of chirped pulse compressor reducer of the present invention
Fig. 3 is the structural drawing of telescopic system of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the structure of compound lens in the telescopic system of the present invention and two-dimentional manual translation platform
Synoptic diagram
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings, but should not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
See also Fig. 2 earlier, Fig. 2 is the structural representation of chirped pulse compressor reducer of the present invention, as seen from the figure, chirped pulse compressor reducer of the present invention, comprise the grating pair 1 that is parallel to each other, be characterized in also having telescopic system 2 and completely reflecting mirror 3 after this grating pair 1, this telescopic system 2 is made up of plano-concave lens 21, biconvex lens 22 and biconcave lens 23 successively; The turning axle of this plano-concave lens 21 and biconcave lens 23 is on the turning axle of telescopic system 2, the outgoing beam of this grating pair 1 is perpendicular to the plane of the plano-concave lens 21 of described telescopic system 2, the enlargement ratio of this telescopic system is 1: 0.92～0.96, wherein biconvex lens 22 is placed on the two-dimentional manual translation platform 4, height by the two-dimentional manual translation platform 4 of lifting (being the z direction of principal axis) can make the turning axle of biconvex lens 22 depart from the turning axle of telescopic system in the scope of 0～1.5cm, but its turning axle is still parallel with the turning axle strictness of telescopic system, can make biconvex lens 22 do the upward translation of axle of 0～2cm by regulating the stroke (being the x direction of principal axis) of two-dimentional manual translation platform 4 on the telescopic system turning axle, compound lens that plano-concave lens 21 and biconvex lens 22 are formed and biconcave lens 23 are empty confocal, and their stationkeeping is constant, all lens are coated with the medium anti-reflection film of operation wavelength, wherein, described completely reflecting mirror 3 is that the plane of reflection of this completely reflecting mirror 3 is perpendicular to incident beam at the catoptron of the film that is all-trans with respect to operating wave strong point plating medium.
The optional scope of described grating groove density is 1400-2000 line/mm.
Described plano-concave lens 21 thickness are 1.0～1.5cm, and radius-of-curvature is 28.2～30.2cm, and lens material is a ZF10 glass; Biconvex lens 22 first curvature radius are 31.2～33.2cm, and second curvature radius is 40.2～42.2cm, and lens material is a ZBaF1 glass; Biconcave lens 23 two sides radius-of-curvature are 70～78cm, and lens material is a ZF10 glass.
The distance of biconcave lens 23 is 5～10cm in described catoptron 3 and the telescopic system 2.
This grating pair 1 is parallel to each other, and the relative distance between the grating pair can be adjusted as required, and grating groove density the best is 1800 lines/mm.
Compare with traditional grating pair pulse shortener, this novel pulse shortener has following difference:
1, enlargement factor being set in this pulse shortener is 1: 0.92～0.96 telescopic system, and lens in the telescopic system adopt compound lens, utilize the achromatic principle of compound lens further three rank and the independent compensation completely of fourth-order dispersion to be fallen.Here, by regulating the height of two-dimentional manual translation platform, make the biconvex lens in the compound lens in diffraction surfaces, do relative translation with respect to fixing plano-concave lens, thereby change the aberration chromatic dispersion and the three rank phase places relevant of compound lens with wavelength, can independently control and compensate third-order dispersion like this, and can not influence other each rank chromatic dispersion; By change biconvex lens in the compound lens on the telescopic system turning axle with the relative distance of plano-concave lens, thereby change the spherical aberration chromatic dispersion and the quadravalence phase place relevant of compound lens with wavelength, can independently control and compensate fourth-order dispersion like this, and can not influence other each rank chromatic dispersion, each rank chromatic dispersion can be opposed and compensate completely simultaneously like this.
2, another lens that are approximately 1 times telescopic system adopt biconcave lens, make compound lens and biconcave lens public burnt like this at virtual focus, can avoid compound lens and biconvex lens when confocal, greatly to cause destructive effects such as air ionization owing to the light pulse focus strength at the real focus place.
3, this pulse shortener by completely reflecting mirror make light pulse in grating pair through twice, thereby ratio of compression is doubled, like this, under same ratio of compression requires, vertical range between the grating pair can be reduced to half of traditional pulse shortener, make whole compressor reducer become compacter.
The concrete course of work of the present invention is:
Chirped pulse to be compressed incides on the diffraction grating 11 in the grating pair 1, and the different wave length composition in the chirped pulse is opened at the diffraction surfaces upper level diffraction of diffraction grating; The light of the different wave length composition that diffraction is opened is caught by the calibration grating 12 in the grating pair, and after 12 calibrations of calibration grating, the light of different wave length composition all is parallel to the chirped pulse incident direction and output from grating pair 1 in diffraction surfaces.The light beam of outgoing impinges perpendicularly on the plano-concave lens 21 of compound lens in the telescopic system 2 from grating pair 1; After compound lens focusing, the light of different wave length composition focuses on the right focus of biconcave lens 23, and the light of last different wave length composition is from telescopic system 2 outgoing, and the rotating shaft parallel of emergent light and telescopic system 2.At last, the light pulse of process telescopic system 2 impinges perpendicularly on the catoptron 3, and through after the total reflection of catoptron 3, all light all returns along former road, then for the second time through telescopic system 2 and grating pair 1, has realized twice compression of light pulse.For with the second order in the chirped pulse, three joints and fourth-order dispersion full remuneration are fallen, at first still adopt traditional raster paired pulses compressor reducer, the method that compensates 2nd order chromatic dispersion by the vertical range of regulating grating pair 1 is fallen the 2nd order chromatic dispersion full remuneration of chirped pulse, and then the incident angle that changes chirped pulse can realize the maximum compensation of third-order dispersion, after these steps, still can residual bigger third-order dispersion and fourth-order dispersion in the pulse, they still have very big influence to the focus strength and the intensity team of last output pulse than degree, use the telescopic system of chirped pulse compressor reducer to realize the full remuneration of three rank and fourth-order dispersion at last; Here, by regulating the height of two-dimentional manual translation platform, make the biconvex lens 22 in the compound lens in diffraction surfaces, do relative translation with respect to fixing plano-concave lens 21, thereby change the aberration chromatic dispersion and the three rank phase places relevant of compound lens with wavelength, can independently control and compensate third-order dispersion like this, and can not influence other each rank chromatic dispersion; By change biconvex lens 22 in the compound lens on the telescopic system turning axle with the relative distance of plano-concave lens 21, change the spherical aberration chromatic dispersion and the quadravalence phase place relevant of compound lens with wavelength, can independently control and compensate fourth-order dispersion like this, and can not influence other each rank chromatic dispersion, such two, three, fourth-order dispersion can compensate simultaneously.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of chirped pulse compressor reducer, comprise the grating pair (1) that is parallel to each other, it is characterized in that also having telescopic system (2) and completely reflecting mirror (3) afterwards at this grating pair (1), this telescopic system (2) is made up of plano-concave lens (21), biconvex lens (22) and biconcave lens (23) successively; The turning axle of this plano-concave lens (21) and biconcave lens (23) is on the turning axle of telescopic system (2), the outgoing beam of this grating pair (1) is perpendicular to the plane of the plano-concave lens (21) of described telescopic system (2), the enlargement ratio of this telescopic system (2) is 1: 0.92～0.96, this biconvex lens (22) be placed on the height and along on the adjustable two-dimentional manual translation platform (4) of the displacement of turning axle, compound lens that plano-concave lens (21) and biconvex lens (22) are formed and biconcave lens (23) are empty confocal, and their stationkeeping is constant, all lens are coated with the medium anti-reflection film of operation wavelength, and the plane of reflection of this completely reflecting mirror (3) is perpendicular to incident beam.
2, chirped pulse compressor reducer according to claim 1 is characterized in that the optional scope of described grating groove density is 1400-2000 line/mm.
3, chirped pulse compressor reducer according to claim 2, the optimal light grid density that it is characterized in that described grating pair (1) is 1800 lines/mm.
4, chirped pulse compressor reducer according to claim 1 is characterized in that described plano-concave lens (21) thickness is 1.0～1.5cm, and radius-of-curvature is 28.2～30.2cm, and lens material is a ZF10 glass; Biconvex lens (22) first curvature radius is 31.2～33.2cm, and second curvature radius is 40.2～42.2cm, and lens material is a ZBaF1 glass; Biconcave lens (23) two sides radius-of-curvature is 70～78cm, and lens material is a ZF10 glass.
5, chirped pulse compressor reducer according to claim 1 is characterized in that the described catoptron (3) and the distance of the middle biconcave lens (23) of telescopic system (2) are 5～10cm.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100398057C (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2008-07-02 | 浙江大学 | Dispersion compensating method and system for optically coherent chromatographic imaging |
| CN100401133C (en) * | 2006-09-12 | 2008-07-09 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Method for adjusting parallel grating pair |
| CN100431228C (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-11-05 | 复旦大学 | A high rate multi-stage pulse compression method based on nonlinear cascade process |
| CN101938081A (en) * | 2010-09-01 | 2011-01-05 | 天津大学 | MHz photonic crystal fiber ultra-short pulse laser based on multichannel pulse compressor |
| CN102662287A (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2012-09-12 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Femtosecond pulse dispersion compensation device |
| CN104570379A (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2015-04-29 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | Reflection-type grating pair pulse width stretcher |
| CN104570327A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-04-29 | 华东师范大学 | Light filter with multiple strobe modes and high beam quality |
| CN111600190A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-08-28 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Super-strong chirp laser pulse step-by-step compression device |
| CN114447738A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-05-06 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Superstrong chirp laser pulse double grating compression device |
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2004
- 2004-04-06 CN CN 200410017495 patent/CN1564051A/en active Pending
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100398057C (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2008-07-02 | 浙江大学 | Dispersion compensating method and system for optically coherent chromatographic imaging |
| CN100401133C (en) * | 2006-09-12 | 2008-07-09 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Method for adjusting parallel grating pair |
| CN100431228C (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-11-05 | 复旦大学 | A high rate multi-stage pulse compression method based on nonlinear cascade process |
| CN101938081A (en) * | 2010-09-01 | 2011-01-05 | 天津大学 | MHz photonic crystal fiber ultra-short pulse laser based on multichannel pulse compressor |
| CN102662287A (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2012-09-12 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Femtosecond pulse dispersion compensation device |
| CN102662287B (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2014-06-25 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Femtosecond pulse dispersion compensation device |
| CN104570327B (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2017-03-01 | 华东师范大学 | A kind of light filter of multi-strobe pattern high light beam quality |
| CN104570327A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-04-29 | 华东师范大学 | Light filter with multiple strobe modes and high beam quality |
| CN104570379A (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2015-04-29 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | Reflection-type grating pair pulse width stretcher |
| CN104570379B (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2017-07-18 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | A kind of reflection-type grating is to pulse stretcher device |
| CN111600190A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-08-28 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Super-strong chirp laser pulse step-by-step compression device |
| CN111600190B (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2023-01-20 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Super-strong chirp laser pulse step-by-step compression device |
| CN114447738A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-05-06 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Superstrong chirp laser pulse double grating compression device |
| CN114447738B (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2024-03-01 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Super-strong chirped laser pulse double-grating compression device |
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