CN1548420A - Extraction process of astaxanthin in phaffiarhodozyma - Google Patents
Extraction process of astaxanthin in phaffiarhodozyma Download PDFInfo
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- CN1548420A CN1548420A CNA031170315A CN03117031A CN1548420A CN 1548420 A CN1548420 A CN 1548420A CN A031170315 A CNA031170315 A CN A031170315A CN 03117031 A CN03117031 A CN 03117031A CN 1548420 A CN1548420 A CN 1548420A
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- Prior art keywords
- acid
- astaxanthin
- organic solvent
- phaffiafhodozyma
- organic
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- JEBFVOLFMLUKLF-IFPLVEIFSA-N Astaxanthin Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C(=C/C=C/C1=C(C)C(=O)C(O)CC1(C)C)/C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2=C(C)C(=O)C(O)CC2(C)C JEBFVOLFMLUKLF-IFPLVEIFSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 235000013793 astaxanthin Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 239000001168 astaxanthin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- MQZIGYBFDRPAKN-ZWAPEEGVSA-N astaxanthin Chemical compound C([C@H](O)C(=O)C=1C)C(C)(C)C=1/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)C(=O)[C@@H](O)CC1(C)C MQZIGYBFDRPAKN-ZWAPEEGVSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 229940022405 astaxanthin Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 34
- 241000081271 Phaffia rhodozyma Species 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 butyl hydroxyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019282 butylated hydroxyanisole Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940043232 butyl acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000004255 Butylated hydroxyanisole Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229940043253 butylated hydroxyanisole Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- CZBZUDVBLSSABA-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylated hydroxyanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1.COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C(C)(C)C CZBZUDVBLSSABA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
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- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 20
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 19
- FRXSZNDVFUDTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline Chemical compound N1CCCC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 FRXSZNDVFUDTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
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- FDSDTBUPSURDBL-LOFNIBRQSA-N canthaxanthin Chemical compound CC=1C(=O)CCC(C)(C)C=1/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)C(=O)CCC1(C)C FDSDTBUPSURDBL-LOFNIBRQSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- CIFNWWSBOFZXJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxypropanoic acid;propan-2-one Chemical compound CC(C)=O.CC(O)C(O)=O CIFNWWSBOFZXJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MOXIHQGVDKOYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N CS(=O)C.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O Chemical compound CS(=O)C.C(C(=O)O)(=O)O MOXIHQGVDKOYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 3
- WCYAALZQFZMMOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;sulfuric acid Chemical compound OC.OS(O)(=O)=O WCYAALZQFZMMOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000005253 yeast cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- JKQXZKUSFCKOGQ-JLGXGRJMSA-N (3R,3'R)-beta,beta-carotene-3,3'-diol Chemical compound C([C@H](O)CC=1C)C(C)(C)C=1/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)C[C@@H](O)CC1(C)C JKQXZKUSFCKOGQ-JLGXGRJMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OOUTWVMJGMVRQF-DOYZGLONSA-N Phoenicoxanthin Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)C(=O)C(O)CC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2=C(C)C(=O)CCC2(C)C OOUTWVMJGMVRQF-DOYZGLONSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JKQXZKUSFCKOGQ-LQFQNGICSA-N Z-zeaxanthin Natural products C([C@H](O)CC=1C)C(C)(C)C=1C=CC(C)=CC=CC(C)=CC=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)C[C@@H](O)CC1(C)C JKQXZKUSFCKOGQ-LQFQNGICSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QOPRSMDTRDMBNK-RNUUUQFGSA-N Zeaxanthin Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCC(O)C1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2=C(C)CC(O)CC2(C)C QOPRSMDTRDMBNK-RNUUUQFGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JKQXZKUSFCKOGQ-LOFNIBRQSA-N all-trans-Zeaxanthin Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CC(O)CC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2=C(C)CC(O)CC2(C)C JKQXZKUSFCKOGQ-LOFNIBRQSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012682 canthaxanthin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001659 canthaxanthin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940008033 canthaxanthin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000021466 carotenoid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- ZPLUZNXSYCCJOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;propan-2-one Chemical compound CC(C)=O.OP(O)(O)=O ZPLUZNXSYCCJOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 2
- KBPHJBAIARWVSC-XQIHNALSSA-N trans-lutein Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CC(O)CC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2C(=CC(O)CC2(C)C)C KBPHJBAIARWVSC-XQIHNALSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010930 zeaxanthin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001775 zeaxanthin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940043269 zeaxanthin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- HDLNSTQYXPTXMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Astaxanthin-diacetat Natural products O=C1C(OC(=O)C)CC(C)(C)C(C=CC(C)=CC=CC(C)=CC=CC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC=2C(CC(C(=O)C=2C)OC(C)=O)(C)C)=C1C HDLNSTQYXPTXMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- OENHQHLEOONYIE-UKMVMLAPSA-N all-trans beta-carotene Natural products CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-UKMVMLAPSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- TUPZEYHYWIEDIH-WAIFQNFQSA-N beta-carotene Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2=CCCCC2(C)C TUPZEYHYWIEDIH-WAIFQNFQSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
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- OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N β-Carotene Chemical compound CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is extraction process of astaxanthin in phaffiarhodozyma. Wet phaffiarhodozyma thallus is mixed with organic acid containing antioxidant or acid organic solvent to extract astaxanthin. The intercellular astaxanthin is released via cell wall to extracellular solution, and the concentrated astaxanthin liquid product is then obtained via extraction, water washing and low temperature vacuum concentration. The present invention has astaxanthin extracting rate up to 90%, and is suitable for industrial production.
Description
(1) technical field: the present invention relates to a kind of method of from phaffiafhodozyma, extracting astaxanthin, be specifically related to the phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus at the organic acid that contains antioxidant or contain in the acid organic solvent and soak under whipped state, astaxanthin is discharged into the extractive technique outside the born of the same parents in born of the same parents.
(2) background technology: astaxanthin (Astaxanthin, 3,3 '-dihydroxyl-β, β '-carotene-4,4 '-diketone), belong to keto-acid carotenoid, structure is as follows:
The structural formula of astaxanthin:
Physiological Study shows that astaxanthin has very strong anti-oxidant function, can remove the free radical that is produced by uviolizing in the body, regulates and reduces these because the injury that photochemistry causes has good result of treatment to UV-induced skin carcinoma.The anti-oxidant function of astaxanthin is higher than canthaxanthin (Canthaxanthin), β-Hu Luobusu, and (β-Carotene), zeaxanthin (Zeaxanthin) wait other carotenoid, can suppress the oxidized effect of microbial film.Astaxanthin can also promote the lymphoglandula production of antibodies significantly, particularly with body in the antibody of T cell related antigen produce.
Synthetic in yeast cell with the astaxanthin that phaffiafhodozyma (Phaffia rhodozyma) is produced, be intracellular organic matter.Astaxanthin extracts in the born of the same parents in order to allow, and must make cell wall breaking, perhaps by other method astaxanthin is infiltrated by cell walls.United States Patent (USP) (US 5679567, US5712110, US 5709856,5972642) utilizes acetate that phaffiafhodozyma has been carried out extracting test, the employed yeast thalline of these patents is dried yeast thalline, this requires to increase the operation of yeast drying before extraction, increased the complicacy of astaxanthin extraction process, this can cause the loss of astaxanthin bigger, reduce extract yield, and increased energy consumption.Therefore, task of the present invention is to develop a kind of industrial applicable, the method that can directly extract astaxanthin from the phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus.
(3) summary of the invention: task of the present invention be exploitation a kind of industrial applicable, can be directly from the phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus method of extraction astaxanthin.
A kind of technical scheme of the present invention is: the phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus is stirred with the organic acid that contains antioxidant disperse, 40 ℃~90 ℃ insulations down, stir 1h~6h, astaxanthin is discharged in the outer solvent of born of the same parents by cell walls in the born of the same parents, after solid-liquid separation, get the organic phase of astaxanthin-containing, then through lipotropy organic solvent extraction organic phase, and concentrate through washing, cryogenic vacuum, obtain the astaxanthin concentrated solution.
Described organic acid is any in formic acid, the acetate, and the weight of phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus is 1: 2~10 (W/V) with the ratio of organic acid volume.
Described antioxidant is any in butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA), butyl hydroxyl four benzene (BHT), the vitamin-E, and the weight of antioxidant and organic acid volume ratio are 0.1%~1.0% (W/V).
The lipotropy organic solvent that adds during extraction is any in methylene dichloride, trichloromethane, sherwood oil, ethyl acetate, butylacetate, benzene, toluene, ether, the dithiocarbonic anhydride, and the lipotropy organic solvent is 1: 0.2~1.0 with the ratio of the volume of the organic phase of astaxanthin-containing.
Another kind of technical scheme of the present invention is: with the phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus with contain containing of antioxidant acid organic solvent and stir and disperse, 40 ℃~90 ℃ insulations down, stir 1h~6h, astaxanthin is discharged in the outer solvent of born of the same parents by cell walls in the born of the same parents, after solid-liquid separation, get the organic phase of astaxanthin-containing, then through lipotropy organic solvent extraction organic phase, and concentrate through washing, cryogenic vacuum, obtain the astaxanthin concentrated solution.
The described organic solvent that contains in the acid organic solvent is a hydrophilic organic solvent, any in ethanol, acetone, methyl alcohol, the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), the weight of phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus is 1: 2~10 (W/V) with the ratio that contains acid volume of organic solvent.
The acid that contains in the acid organic solvent is organic acid or mineral acid, any in acetate, oxalic acid, lactic acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, the phosphoric acid, and the concentration of acid is 0.1%~10.0% in the organic solvent.
Described antioxidant is any in butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA), butyl hydroxyl four benzene (BHT), the vitamin-E, and the weight of antioxidant is 0.1%~1.0% (W/V) with containing acid volume of organic solvent ratio.
The lipotropy organic solvent that adds during extraction is any in methylene dichloride, trichloromethane, sherwood oil, ethyl acetate, butylacetate, benzene, toluene, ether, the dithiocarbonic anhydride, and the lipotropy organic solvent is 1: 0.2~1.0 with the ratio of the volume of the organic phase of astaxanthin-containing.
Below the concrete steps of above-mentioned two schemes are elaborated.
From the phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus, extract astaxanthin with organic acid
With the treated water content that makes of the fermented liquid after the fermentation ends greater than 60% phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus; in above-mentioned phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus (being yeast slurry); add organic acid; the ratio of organic acid volume and yeast slurry weight is 2~10: 1 (V/W; organic acid volume/yeast slurry weight in wet base); adding antioxidant simultaneously protects astaxanthin; stir 1h~6h down at 40 ℃~90 ℃; make yeast cell change permeability; and astaxanthin is discharged in the solution; through solid-liquid separation, obtain the organic phase of astaxanthin-containing.
From the phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus, extract astaxanthin with containing acid organic solvent
With the treated water content that makes of the fermented liquid after the fermentation ends greater than 60% phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus; in above-mentioned phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus (being yeast slurry); add and contain acid organic solvent; the ratio that contains acid organic solvent volume and yeast slurry weight is 2~10: 1 (V/W; contain acid organic solvent volume/yeast slurry weight in wet base); adding antioxidant simultaneously protects astaxanthin; stir 1h~6h down at 40 ℃~90 ℃; make yeast cell change permeability; and astaxanthin is discharged in the solution; through solid-liquid separation, get the organic phase of astaxanthin-containing.
From the organic phase of astaxanthin-containing, extract astaxanthin
With adding the lipotropy organic solvent in the organic phase of the above-mentioned astaxanthin-containing that makes, carry out extracting operation, the lipotropy organic solvent is 1: 0.2~1.0 with the ratio of the volume of the organic phase of astaxanthin-containing; After washing, carry out cryogenic vacuum evaporation concentration operation, till no longer including solvent and steaming, obtain the astaxanthin concentrated solution.
At above-mentioned organic acid or contain in the acid organic solvent extraction process, its ultimate principle is to utilize organic acid or contain the cell wall structure that acid organic solvent changes phaffiafhodozyma (Phaffia rhodozyma), astaxanthin is infiltrated by cell walls, and be dissolved in organic acid or contain in the acid organic solvent.Organic acid can be selected formic acid or acetate.
In organic solvent, add acid and can increase the solubleness of astaxanthin in organic solvent, the acid of adding is organic acid or mineral acid, can select a kind of in acetate, oxalic acid, lactic acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, the phosphoric acid, the concentration of acid is 0.1%~10.0% in the organic solvent.
Because astaxanthin is the same with other natural pigments; light, heat, oxygen are all compared responsive; easily decompose, destroy; therefore in leaching process; should avoid the decomposition and the destruction that cause by these factors as far as possible; in leaching process, in time add some protection materials,, prevent the oxidation of astaxanthin as antioxidant.The antioxidant that adds in leaching process can be selected a kind of in butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA), butyl hydroxyl four benzene (BHT), the vitamin-E.The usage quantity of antioxidant is decided according to the addition that adds the organic acid in the phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus or contain acid organic solvent, is that 0.1%~1.0% (W/V) is advisable with the weight and the organic acid volume ratio of antioxidant; Weight with antioxidant is that 0.1%~1.0% (W/V) is advisable with containing acid volume of organic solvent ratio.
When in the astaxanthin-containing organic phase, using organic solvent extraction, fully stir standing demix behind the adding organic solvent, get the extraction phase washing, be washed to pH value 5~6, carry out the cryogenic vacuum evaporation concentration then, till no longer including solvent and steaming, obtain the astaxanthin concentrated solution.The organic solvent of selecting is the lipotropy organic solvent, a kind of in methylene dichloride, trichloromethane, sherwood oil, ethyl acetate, butylacetate, benzene, toluene, ether, the dithiocarbonic anhydride.
The present invention utilizes organic acid or contains acid organic solvent and directly soak the phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus under whipped state; and employing antioxidant protection; astaxanthin is discharged into outside the born of the same parents in born of the same parents; extract astaxanthin; its extraction yield is more than 90%; this method is fit to suitability for industrialized production, also has following positively effect:
1) technology of the present invention is simple, and energy consumption is low, and processing ease directly with the raw material of wet bacterial classification, has been removed the drying process before extracting, and has improved the yield of astaxanthin;
2) astaxanthin in the phaffiafhodozyma is the astaxanthin of free state behind organic solvent extraction, can simplify follow-up astaxanthin ester metallization processes, improves astaxanthin utilization and specific absorption in vivo;
3) organic acid or acidiferous acid organic solvent broken wall method can reduce impurity, as nucleic acid, protein and other material, can simplify the purification procedures of astaxanthin.
(4) specific embodiments:
Below, with reference to subsidiary embodiment the present invention being described in more detail, these embodiment are limitation of the present invention anything but.
Embodiment 1:
(1) pre-treatment of fermented liquid obtains the phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus of water content more than 60%
The phaffiafhodozyma fermented liquid that fermentation is finished carries out solid-liquid separation, can adopt centrifuging and filtration method: centrifuging can be carried out centrifugation with whizzer; Filtration method can be used filter press method and ceramic membrane filter method, but needs fermented liquid is carried out pre-treatment before filtration, as condenses, flocculates, heats, adds flocculating aids etc., to improve filtering speed, requires these operations minimum to the influence of tiring of astaxanthin.
A. utilize the filtration method separate red to send out thalline in husband's yeast fermentation broth
The perlite that in fermented liquid 700L, adds 35kg, after fully stirring, with pump mixed solution is transported in the plate-and-frame filter press while stirring and filters, after filtration finishes, wash with tap water, with the pressurized air washing, obtain containing perlitic yeast slurry (being the phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus) 88kg again, content astaxanthin is 206 μ g/g.
B. utilize the centrifuging separate red to send out thalline in husband's yeast fermentation broth
Add 0.5% calcium chloride and phosphoric acid salt in fermented liquid, stirring reaction generates the calcium phosphate salt throw out, makes the coagulative precipitation together of yeast thalline simultaneously; Add 0.1% polyacrylamide again, stir and make the throw out flocculation, form bigger precipitation.Carry out the centrifugation throw out by the continous way horizontal screw centrifuge.The height of the more above-mentioned a method of water ratio of resulting yeast thalline (being the phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus).
(2) utilize acetate that phaffiafhodozyma cell is carried out broken wall and astaxanthin extraction.
In 100kg phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus (astaxanthin-containing 225 μ g/g), add acetate 500L and butyl hydroxyl four benzene (BHT) 1kg, stir, make the thalline homodisperse, be incubated 2h~5h down at 40 ℃~60 ℃ then, filter press is washed, and obtains first extracting solution (organic phase of the astaxanthin-containing) 624L of astaxanthin, wherein the content of astaxanthin is 33 μ g/ml, and utilizing the yield of astaxanthin in the acetic acid extraction born of the same parents is 91.5%.
(3) just extract obtains the astaxanthin concentrated solution through extraction and concentrated.
With the first extract of the 624L of above-mentioned acquisition is radix, extracts and concentration operation.
Just adding the 500L chloroform among the extract 624L (astaxanthin-containing 33 μ g/ml), after abundant stirring, standing demix as if can not layering, can be taked to add entry and impel layering; Get extraction phase, being washed to pH is 5~6, obtains extraction liquid 422L (content astaxanthin is 46 μ g/ml); Extraction liquid is put into concentrating pan, carry out cryogenic vacuum evaporation concentration operation, till no longer including solvent and steaming, obtain astaxanthin concentrated solution 16.1L, wherein content astaxanthin is 1135 μ g/ml, and the total extraction yield from the yeast slurry to the concentrated solution is 81.2%.
Embodiment 2
(1) pre-treatment of fermented liquid obtains the phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus of water content more than 60%, and step goes on foot with (1) among the embodiment 1.
(2) utilize formic acid that phaffiafhodozyma cell is carried out broken wall and astaxanthin extraction.
In 100kg phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus (astaxanthin-containing 213 μ g/g), add formic acid 1000L and butyl hydroxyl four benzene (BHT) 10kg, stir, make the thalline homodisperse, be incubated 3h~6h down at 50 ℃~65 ℃ then, filter press is washed, and obtains the first extracting solution 1258L of astaxanthin, wherein the content of astaxanthin is 16 μ g/ml, and the yield that utilizes the formic acid extraction astaxanthin is 95%.
(3) be radix process extraction and concentrated with the first extract of 1258L, obtain the astaxanthin concentrated solution.
Just adding the 800L methylene dichloride among the extract 1258L (astaxanthin-containing 16 μ g/ml), all the other processes go on foot with (3) among the embodiment 1, obtain astaxanthin concentrated solution 13.8L, wherein content astaxanthin is 1255 μ g/ml, and the total extraction yield from the yeast slurry to the concentrated solution is 81.3%.
Embodiment 3
(1) pre-treatment of fermented liquid obtains the phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus of water content more than 60%, and step goes on foot with (1) among the embodiment 1.
(2) utilize hydrochloric acid-alcohol solvent that phaffiafhodozyma cell is carried out broken wall and astaxanthin extraction.
In 100kg phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus (astaxanthin-containing 215 μ g/g), add 1M hydrochloric acid-alcohol mixed solvent (1M hydrochloric acid and alcoholic acid volume ratio are 1: 4) 500L and butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA) 1kg, stir, make the thalline homodisperse, be incubated 4h~6h down at 40 ℃~50 ℃ then, filter press is washed, and obtains the first extracting solution 636L of astaxanthin, wherein the content of astaxanthin is 31 μ g/ml, and the extract yield that utilizes hydrochloric acid-ethanolic soln to extract astaxanthin is 91.7%.
(3) be radix with the first extract of the 636L of above-mentioned acquisition, extract and concentration operation.
Just adding 600L dithiocarbonic anhydride among the extract 636L (astaxanthin-containing 31 μ g/ml), after abundant stirring, standing demix as if can not layering, can be taked to add entry and impel layering; Get extraction phase, being washed to pH is 5~6, obtains extraction liquid 522L (content astaxanthin is 35 μ g/ml); Extraction liquid is put into concentrating pan, carry out cryogenic vacuum evaporation concentration operation, till no longer including solvent and steaming, obtain astaxanthin concentrated solution 16.9L, wherein content astaxanthin is 1021 μ g/ml, and total extraction yield is 80.2%.
Embodiment 4
(1) pre-treatment of fermented liquid obtains the phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus of water content more than 60%, and step goes on foot with (1) among the embodiment 1.
(2) utilize sulfuric acid-methanol solvate that phaffiafhodozyma cell is carried out broken wall and astaxanthin extraction.
In 100kg phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus (astaxanthin-containing 218 μ g/g), add 1M sulfuric acid: the sulfuric acid-methanol mixed solvent 500L and the vitamin-E 1.2kg of methyl alcohol=1: 4, stir, make the thalline homodisperse, be incubated 1h~5h down at 50 ℃~70 ℃ then, filter press is washed, and obtains the first extracting solution 620L of astaxanthin, wherein the content of astaxanthin is 32 μ g/ml, and utilizing sulfuric acid-methanol solvate is 91% to the yield that phaffiafhodozyma cell carries out broken wall and astaxanthin extraction.
(3) be radix with the first extract of the 620L of above-mentioned acquisition, extract and concentration operation.
In above-mentioned extract 620L (astaxanthin-containing 32 μ g/ml) just, add the 500L sherwood oil, all the other processes go on foot with (3) among the embodiment 1, obtain astaxanthin concentrated solution 16.8L, wherein content astaxanthin is 1056 μ g/ml, and the total extraction yield from the yeast slurry to the concentrated solution is 81.4%.
Embodiment 5
(1) pre-treatment of fermented liquid obtains the phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus of water content more than 60%, and step goes on foot with (1) among the embodiment 1.
(2) in 100kg phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus (astaxanthin-containing 234 μ g/g), add 10M phosphoric acid: the phosphoric acid-acetone mixed solvent 500L and butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA) 1kg of acetone=1: 9, stir, make the thalline homodisperse, be incubated 4h~6h down at 50 ℃~80 ℃ then, filter press, washing, obtain the first extracting solution 618L of astaxanthin, wherein the content of astaxanthin is 35 μ g/ml, utilizes phosphoric acid-acetone solvent that phaffiafhodozyma cell is carried out broken wall and the astaxanthin extract yield is 92.4%.
(3) be radix with the first extract of the 618L of above-mentioned acquisition, extract and concentration operation.
In above-mentioned extract 618L (astaxanthin-containing 35 μ g/ml) just, add 500 L ethyl acetate, all the other processes go on foot with (3) among the embodiment 1, obtain astaxanthin concentrated solution 16.9L, wherein content astaxanthin is 1141 μ g/ml, and the total extraction yield from the yeast slurry to the concentrated solution is 82.4%.
Embodiment 6
(1) pre-treatment of fermented liquid obtains the phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus of water content more than 60%.Step goes on foot with (1) among the embodiment 1.
(2) utilize lactic acid-acetone solvent that phaffiafhodozyma cell is carried out broken wall and astaxanthin extraction.
In 100kg phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus (astaxanthin-containing 208 μ g/g), add 80% lactic acid: the lactic acid-acetone mixed solvent 500L and butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA) 1kg of acetone=1: 8, stir, make the thalline homodisperse, be incubated 5h~6h down at 80 ℃~90 ℃ then, filter press is washed, and obtains the first extracting solution 622L of astaxanthin, wherein the content of astaxanthin is 31 μ g/ml, utilizes lactic acid-acetone solvent that phaffiafhodozyma cell is carried out broken wall and astaxanthin is extracted as 92.7%.
(3) be radix with the first extract of the 622L of above-mentioned acquisition, extract and concentration operation.
In above-mentioned extract 622L (astaxanthin-containing 31 μ g/ml) just, add 500L toluene, all the other processes go on foot with (3) among the embodiment 1, obtain astaxanthin concentrated solution 16.9L, wherein content astaxanthin is 998 μ g/ml, and the total extraction yield from the yeast slurry to the concentrated solution is 81.1%.
Embodiment 7
(1) pre-treatment of fermented liquid obtains the phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus of water content more than 60%.Step goes on foot with (1) among the embodiment 1.
(2) utilize oxalic acid-dimethyl sulfoxide solvent that phaffiafhodozyma cell is carried out broken wall and astaxanthin extraction.
In 100kg phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus (astaxanthin-containing 216 μ g/g), add 0.5M oxalic acid: the oxalic acid-dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) mixing solutions 800L and the vitamin e1 kg of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)=1: 3, stir, make the thalline homodisperse, be incubated 2h~6h down at 60 ℃~70 ℃ then, filter press, washing, obtain the first extracting solution 903L of astaxanthin, wherein the content of astaxanthin is 22 μ g/ml, utilizes oxalic acid-dimethyl sulfoxide solvent that phaffiafhodozyma cell is carried out broken wall and the astaxanthin extract yield is 92%.
(3) be radix with the first extract of the 903L of above-mentioned acquisition, extract and concentration operation.
In above-mentioned extract 903L (astaxanthin-containing 22 μ g/ml) just, add 500L benzene, all the other processes go on foot with (3) among the embodiment 1, obtain astaxanthin concentrated solution 17.1L, wherein content astaxanthin is 1038 μ g/ml, the total extraction yield 82.2% from the yeast slurry to the concentrated solution.
Claims (10)
1. the extracting method of astaxanthin in the phaffiafhodozyma, it is characterized in that: phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus and the organic acid that contains antioxidant are mixed, and insulation is extracted, then through the lipotropy organic solvent extraction, washing, cryogenic vacuum concentrates, and obtains the astaxanthin concentrated solution.
2. extracting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described organic acid is a kind of in formic acid, the acetate, and the weight of phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus is 1: 2~10 with the ratio of organic acid volume.
3. extracting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described antioxidant is a kind of in butylated hydroxy anisole, butyl hydroxyl four benzene, the vitamin-E, and the weight of antioxidant and organic acid volume ratio are 0.1%~1.0%.
4. extracting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described lipotropy organic solvent is a kind of in methylene dichloride, trichloromethane, sherwood oil, ethyl acetate, butylacetate, benzene, toluene, ether, the dithiocarbonic anhydride, and the lipotropy organic solvent is 1: 0.2~1.0 with the ratio of the volume of the organic phase of astaxanthin-containing.
5. the extracting method of astaxanthin in the phaffiafhodozyma is characterized in that: the phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus is mixed with containing containing of antioxidant acid organic solvent, and insulation is extracted, then through the lipotropy organic solvent extraction, washing, cryogenic vacuum concentrates, and obtains the astaxanthin concentrated solution.
6. extracting method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the weight of phaffiafhodozyma wet thallus is 1: 2~10 with the ratio that contains acid volume of organic solvent.
7. according to claim 5 or 6 described extracting method, it is characterized in that: the described acid that contains in the acid organic solvent is organic acid or mineral acid, a kind of in acetate, oxalic acid, lactic acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, the phosphoric acid, the concentration of acid is 0.1%~10.0% in the organic solvent.
8. according to claim 5 or 6 described extracting method, it is characterized in that: the described organic solvent that contains in the acid organic solvent is a hydrophilic organic solvent, a kind of in ethanol, acetone, methyl alcohol, the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
9. extracting method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described antioxidant is any in butylated hydroxy anisole, butyl hydroxyl four benzene, the vitamin-E, and the weight of antioxidant is 0.1%~1.0% with containing acid volume of organic solvent ratio.
10. extracting method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described lipotropy organic solvent, a kind of in methylene dichloride, trichloromethane, sherwood oil, ethyl acetate, butylacetate, benzene, toluene, ether, the dithiocarbonic anhydride, the lipotropy organic solvent is 1: 0.2~1.0 with the ratio of the volume of astaxanthin-containing organic phase.
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