CN1547307A - Method and apparatus for single phase ground fault route selection of low-current grounding power network - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for single phase ground fault route selection of low-current grounding power network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention is a kind of one-way grounded failure selecting method and the device for a kind of small-current grounding electric network: at first, a 10kV physical simulating lab for the small-current grounding select is crated. The lab system discloses the essence of the running principle and the grounding failure of the small-current grounding electric network, it reappears some failures such as arc light grounding, intermittent arc light grounding, large-resistance grounding, and instable large-resistance grounding. And it researches the intelligent colony amplitude and phase comparing method, wavelet method, sample constructing method, current mutating method, network method which is suitable for each kind of grounding modes such as non-slip point grounding and non-slip point grounding through the arc eliminating coil; it provides the effective region analysis and the continuous judgment technology in the first; and it provides and uses the evidence theory, failure measuring theory, coarse group theory and several criteria intelligent fusion idea.
Description
Affiliated field:
The present invention relates to the electric network single-phase earth fault selection method, particularly low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase earth fault selection method and device, be mainly used in 66kV and the following neutral point of electric network non_direct ground mode operational system, when electrical network generation single-phase earthing, this device can be selected the circuit of ground connection automatically.
Technical background:
Low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase earth fault automatic route selection (hereinafter to be referred as small current earthing wire-selecting) is an a research old problem for many years.Just begin the someone as far back as the fifties in last century and study, but up to the seventies in last century, research work does not all obtain big progress.The eighties in last century, the appearance of microcomputer provides hardware condition to small current earthing wire-selecting, North China Electric Power University has caught this chance in automatically controlled research department, under Yang Yihan professor's leading, colony is proposed first than amplitude ratio phase method, develop little electric current microcomputer line selection apparatus, be used widely at home, and started the application climax of " small current earthing wire-selecting technology " in the nineties.But several years small current earthing wire-selecting The Application of Technology afterwards have been absorbed in low tide again, have 80～90% line selection apparatus to withdraw from operation because of the route selection poor effect approximately, and the reason of route selection failure mainly is:
(1) fragmental experience is treated as general truth,, replace the route selection result under all fault conditions in the actual motion, get the route selection accuracy of auto levelizer 100% with the route selection result of metal earth fault test.And our experiment confirm, during metal ground connection, signal is big, and waveform harmonics and disturbance are little, are very easy to judge, and it is not so difficult to reach 100% accuracy; In fact, the fault of simple metal ground connection is also few, and most of faults are combinations of instant earthing, grounding through resistance, arcing ground, unstable grounding through resistance, unstable arc ground connection, indirect arc ground connection and these faults or the like.
(2) the device selection method is single.Researcher in the past just claims that the understanding to truth reaches termination after finding a kind of method.Such as than width of cloth phase comparing method, quintuple harmonics method, energy function method, wavelet method, all once there was relevant paper to think that it has reached absolute altitude, the research work of route selection can be arrived this termination.
(3) from the imagination, too rely on Mathematical Modeling, do not carry out the sample check.According to the selection method of Mathematical Modeling design, with identical Mathematical Modeling check validity, such check is nonsensical, belongs to typical empty talk, ivory-towered technology path again.
(4) means of understanding truth.The field test of small current earthing wire-selecting is difficult to realize, even on-the-spot unit agrees to do, also all is limited to very simple metal ground connection.But do not survey the validity of sample check selection method, just can not check the very crux of route selection principle.Our experiment and failure wave-recording are verified now, and the quintuple harmonics method lost efficacy often having under the situation of transition resistance; Signal injection method and energy function method all exist active domain and limitation; Neither be definitely effective than amplitude ratio phase method.So to say that there are a lot of careless mistakes in Yi Qian selection method on principle, and does not have enough fault sample checks, and these careless mistakes can't come out.
(5) jamproof soft measure, the adaptive capacity of line selection apparatus is relatively poor.And the existence of on-the-spot this interference is objective and general.
(6) user is after also existing some problem line selection apparatus to be installed to the scene aspect the management maintenance, and the careless omission that often have that polarity connects instead, circuit number and title is not inconsistent takes place.A typical example is arranged, the line selector of Shenyang electric substation operate as normal mistake never just after load onto.Reason is that circuit is not also named when installing, the way that has adopted numbering to distinguish.After the circuit name, not change causes line selection apparatus unavailable always again.
Summary of the invention:
66kV and following electrical network move by the neutral point indirect earthing mode, and its major advantage is when single-phase instant earthing fault takes place in system, voluntarily extinguish arcs; When single-phase continuous earth took place, load can have a power failure immediately, and therefore domestic 66kV and following electrical network major part all adopt this earthing mode.But its shortcoming is when single-phase continuous earth fault takes place, to be difficult to be confirmed to be which bar line fault.Barrier can cause the rising of non-ground connection phase voltage for some reason, and intermittent arc grounding may cause the electric arc overvoltage, and system insulation is had threat, and the long period operation may cause that ground insulation punctures phase-to phase fault takes place.Therefore need to determine faulty line as early as possible, fix a breakdown.Automatic route selection problem when the purpose of the present invention solves small current neutral grounding system generation single phase ground fault exactly.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: at first be the 10kV physical simulation experiment chamber of having set up domestic first small current earthing wire-selecting.This cover experimental system has deeply disclosed the moving law of low current neutral grounding electric network and the essence of earth fault, has reproduced phenomena of the failure such as arc grounding, intermittent arc grounding, big grounding through resistance, unstable big grounding through resistance.And studied successfully the intelligent group that is suitable under the various earthing modes (neutral ground, neutral by arc extinction coil grounding) on this basis than amplitude ratio phase method, wavelet method, sample modeling method, jump-value of current method, networked method; Propose and used active domain analysis and continuous judgment technology first; Propose and used evidence theory, fault measurement theory, rough set theory and several criteria intelligent fusion idea first.The low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase earth fault selection method is characterized in that: adopt the high-performance industrial computer, run on the Win98 platform, adopt high-precision sensor and software and hardware interference protection measure, guarantee the reliability of acquired signal; In programming, adopt multithreaded architecture, used the message processing facility of Win32, when algorithm is judged, can sample to signal simultaneously like this, guaranteed the continuity and the real-time of sampled signal; On line selection algorithm, carry out intelligent comprehensive with multiple algorithm and judge, the deficiency of single line selection algorithm before having overcome; After the device start detection, start the sampling thread, after number that residual voltage surpasses threshold value reaches some, single phase ground fault has taken place in the judgement system, and storage Temporal Data and steady state data carry out troubleshooting, extract fault signature, utilize steady-state quantity criterion, transient state amount criterion, unusual amount criterion etc. to carry out many criterions and merge, various criterions are carried out intelligent decision synthetic determination ground path, that has realized the route selection criterion fills the property wanted target; Adopt continuously and judge, proposed the confidence level notion, overcome the erroneous judgement and the phenomenon of failing to judge; Carry out failure wave-recording, set up management information system, the operation of Long-Range Surveillance Unit, assurance device moves reliably and with long-term; Long-range collection fault sample enriches the sample storehouse, for improving and improve route selection ability stockpile.
The low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase earth fault line selection apparatus, comprise mainboard, the filter card, data collecting card, the switching value card, so attitude relay, the PT/CT version, power of alterating and direct current, the liquid crystal large-screen, External modem, the metal cabinet, it is characterized in that: industrial computer adopts the PC/AT bus structures, after various employing signals process low-pass filter circuits and the A/D change-over circuit, be connected on the PC/AT bus, industrial control computer mainboard adopts PCA-6153, it is responsible for calling real time data and carrying out the processing of various algorithms from the PC/AT bus, comprehensively provide faulty line information, directly show on the one hand by LCD screen, send the switch template to by the PC/AT bus on the other hand, the switch template sends telemechanical to after isolating by photoelectricity again.
This invention proves that by 1: 1 high-pressure physics simulated experiment chamber system, the actual ground connection simulated experiment of electrical network and actual hanging net operation its route selection accuracy is 100%.After this invention is applied to electrical network, be that example every year is that enterprise can save millions of units, will form scale and benefit after applying with Dandong electric company scale of power.For some responsible consumer, can save the loss of millions of even tens million of units.Reduce the misoperation number of times.During having approximately, the whole nation presses more than 10 ten thousand in electric substation,, creates profit and can surpass more than one hundred million units, bring considerable economic will for country and enterprise if there is half that Small Electric Current Earthing And Routing Device is installed!
Description of drawings:
Accompanying drawing 1 is low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase fault selection method and device program flow diagram; Accompanying drawing 2 is a 2KA2000 low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase fault line selection apparatus schematic diagram; Accompanying drawing 3 is main interface for large-screen lc shows.
The device that input the present invention develops after the bus residual voltage of system and the zero-sequence current of each bar circuit process PT and the CT conversion, the voltage and current signal is through high accuracy PT and the further conversion of CT, and all signal transformations are voltage signal; Voltage signal input low pass filter is removed and is disturbed the voltage analog signal that output waveform is level and smooth; Device adopts the AC1820A data collecting card that voltage signal is carried out/the D sampling, and sampled data deposits register by PC/ in bus; Industrial control computer mainboard adopts PCA-6153, and it is responsible for calling the go forward side by side processing of line algorithm of real time data from PC/ in bus, provides faulty line information; Fault message directly shows by LCD screen on the one hand, sends PCL-734 switching value card by PC/ in bus on the other hand, and the switching value card is isolated the back through photoelectricity and sent telemechanical to by the switching value lead-out terminal on the rear board.This device also is equipped with anti-deadlock watchdog circuit, has overcome the operating deadlock problem of industrial computer effectively; Device adopts modulator-demodulator and other computer to carry out serial communication, has realized the device telemanagement.See accompanying drawing 2.
In the programming of this invention, adopted multithreaded architecture, after the device start detection, start the sampling thread, after number that residual voltage surpasses threshold value reaches some, the storage Temporal Data, and transmission message (1), store steady state data then, and send message (2), main thread carries out troubleshooting after receiving message (1), (2), extract fault signature, utilize steady-state quantity criterion, transient state amount criterion, unusual amount criterion etc. to carry out many criterions and merge, various criterions are carried out intelligent decision, obtain the route selection result, show the route selection result, and carry out failure wave-recording; If after residual voltage reaches some less than the number of threshold value after a period of time, send message (3), main thread is received message (3), thinks that then fault disappears, and automatically resets.See accompanying drawing 1.
Adopt the notion of window multithreading in the algorithm, be divided into main thread and sampling thread, used the message processing facility of Win32.When algorithm is judged, can sample to signal simultaneously like this, guarantee the continuity and the real-time of sampled signal.On line selection algorithm, carry out intelligent comprehensive with multiple algorithm and judge, the deficiency of single line selection algorithm before having overcome.
The front panel of the device that this invention is developed is the human-computer dialogue part, large-screen lc and mains switch, function button are arranged, displaying contents is abundant, parameter configuration is convenient, its basic operation key only needs upper and lower, left and right and confirms four keys, main interface provides six options such as " starting monitoring ", " stopping to detect ", " parameter setting ", " failure logging ", " Premium Features ", " shutdown is withdrawed from ", can carry out various operations according to prompting, rear board is terminal block and switching value lead-out terminal.See accompanying drawing 3.
The built-in management information system is gone back in this invention, adding has failure wave-recording program module and communication program module: by the data of failure wave-recording program module record, can carry out ex-post analysis and recurrence of failure to failure condition, be significant for analytical system structure and state.This record wave-path preface module can provide the waveform of once judging after the fault, comprises the transient state waveform in two cycles when fault takes place and the stable state waveform that fault takes place by back four cycles; This record wave-path preface can also provide with each second four periodic steady state waveforms the record wave frequency record ripple continuously.The exploitation that the communication program module is carried out on application software PCANYWHERE platform.Can be applicable to three kinds of communication modes: parallel interface cable directly connects, and carries out network by modulator-demodulator and connects, and carries out network by network interface card and connects.By the communication program module, can realize that the data between substation and the main website reclaim, can use two kinds of patterns: the substation sends and the main website calling; What adopt at present is main website calling pattern; By the communication program module, can also realize the communication between substation and the main website, in time understand the ruuning situation of equipment, equipment is carried out remote maintenance, satisfy strange land user's requirement.
Embodiment:
Proposition has also adopted intelligence than width of cloth phase comparing method, this algorithm on basis, adopt than amplitude ratio phase algorithm integral algorithm, Butterworth digital filter, permanent with residual voltage as reference positive direction scheduling algorithm, be aided with interference protection measure, active domain constraint, comprehensive criterions such as continuous judgement, fundamentally improved the route selection accuracy; Combine with novel PT mode of connection, got rid of the erroneous judgement problem that ferro resonance brings.
Proposing also, wavelet method small echo selection method utilizes the transient current of single phase ground fault generation and the foundation that harmonic current is judged as route selection.Because the low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase earth fault equivalent circuit is a capacitive path, fault to act on the transient current that produces in the circuit suddenly very big usually; Particularly take place under arc grounding fault or the intermittent grounding fault situation, transient current content is abundanter, and the duration is longer.Transient current satisfies at the numerical value on the faulty line and equals numerical value sum and the opposite relation of direction on non-fault line, can be used for route selection.Because the transient signal in the electrical network is randomness, locality and non-stationary characteristics, therefore utilize the main difficulty of transient information route selection to be, how to extract useful transient signal exactly, how reasonably to represent signal and construct can the adaptation signal characteristics the route selection criterion.The small echo selection method that we propose solves these problems well, and transient signal is fully used
Propose and adopted networked selection method; The networking selection method need be imported the operation of power networks state remote signalling amount relevant with route selection, as the input of a circuit and withdraw from, the information such as folding condition of each block switch on the circuit, grasp the parameter of topological structure He each circuit of electrical network; When electrical network generation single phase ground fault, estimate each line-to-ground charging current according to the network state parameter and the false voltage parameter that obtain, each circuit measured current value and desired value (estimated value) are compared; Measured current value and desired value differ smaller on the non-fault line, and measured current value and desired value differ greatly on the faulty line, and networking technology can also be used for regulating automatically the compensativity of arc suppression coil.
Propose and adopted the jump-value of current method; For the route selection problem of neutral by arc extinction coil grounding electric network single-phase earth fault, the past adopts 5 subharmonic than amplitude ratio phase method always.Facts have proved that for nonmetal character earth fault the route selection accuracy of this method is extremely low.The current break metering method is us at the failure line selection problem of arc suppression coil earthing electric network and is custom-designed.This method automatically changes the arc suppression coil parameter by automatics behind electrical network generation single phase ground fault, make each line fault electric current produce a sudden change, utilizes the difference of faulty line and non-fault line current break feature to select faulty line.This method combines with small echo selection method and other intellectual technology, has solved the single-phase earth fault line selection problem of arc suppression coil earthing electric network up hill and dale.
Proposition has also been adopted sample modeling (characteristic fingerprint) selection method: sample modeling selection method claims the characteristic fingerprint selection method again.In the line selection apparatus running, when finding some extremely fault sample of specific type, when being difficult to make reliable route selection and judging with regular selection method, then extract the personal characteristics (being fingerprint characteristic) of this class fault sample, and the fingerprint characteristic and the fault message of this time fault preserved, as a reference sample.When similar fault occurring again,, just can infer the faulty line of the fault sample that makes new advances by mating with the sample fingerprint feature of preserving.Constantly collect and substantial sample storehouse, just can handle the route selection problem of all kinds of special sample.
Propose and adopt continuous judgment technology; Continuously judgment technology be faint at fault-signal in the single-phase grounded malfunction in grounded system of low current, be subjected to characteristics of interference and the technical measures taked easily; This technology not exclusively depends on the result who once judges, but takes all factors into consideration the situation of overall process, and judgment technology can be got rid of the influence of large disturbance (mainly referring to switching manipulation) at random effectively continuously, has improved the correctness of route selection.
Propose and adopt the active domain technology of selection method: theory and practice shows that there do not have a kind of selection method can guarantee all fault types to be all effective, and every kind of selection method all has certain applicable elements; When applicable elements satisfied, the result was necessarily correct in this selection method route selection, otherwise the route selection the possibility of result is correct, also may be incorrect.We claim selection method reliably the applicable elements of route selection be the sufficiency condition of this method.The fault that satisfies sufficiency condition is called the active domain of this selection method in the zone of space formation.By each selection method is defined active domain, when a fault dropped in the active domain of certain method, this method must be correct to the route selection result of this fault.
Propose also to adopt the fault measurement theory: fault measurement is the one group of variable that is defined on the nonnegative real number territory, is used for measuring that every circuit has the degree of failure symptom in the fault.Article one, the fault measurement of circuit is big more, shows that this circuit may be the fault circuit more.Under this theoretical direction, each selection method of our structure can also calculate the fault measurement value of each bar circuit when providing the route selection result.
Proposition has also been adopted the evidence theory selection method: the route selection result that each selection method goes out a calculation of fault (representing with the fault measurement form) is equivalent to an evidence, with evidence represent which circuit may be fault circuit, which circuit unlikely be the fault circuit, may have much etc. with impossible trusting degree, using evidence theory gets up these information combination, make final route selection result reflect the support point that the whole bag of tricks is common, the route selection result is very reliable.
Propose and adopted the rough set theory selection method: line selection apparatus has been collected a large amount of fault datas in route selection experiment and on-the-spot running, these fault datas are very valuable to improving route selection.The discovery of special sample, extraction of fingerprint characteristics in the characteristic fingerprint selection method, and the determining etc. of parameter and active domain in other selection method all need to realize in conjunction with the actual measurement fault data.For realizing that fault data that these purposes carry out is handled not is simple data preparation, but needs a kind of processing means of system, excavates the knowledge and the rule of concurrent existing value on one's own initiative from fault data, instructs us to improve selection method.We adopt the rough set data processing technique to solve this problem.
Have failure wave-recording program module and communication program module, the failure wave-recording program module can be carried out ex-post analysis and recurrence of failure to failure condition; The exploitation that communication program module communication program module is carried out on application software PCANYWHERE platform, can realize the communication between substation and the main website, can be applicable to three kinds of communication modes: parallel interface cable directly connects, and carries out network by modulator-demodulator and connects, and carries out network by network interface card and connects.And stable, reliable modem realization information management system function is installed, the IP that has realized electric power system is to equipment.
Adopt the high-performance prefilter, the various interference waveforms of filtering.Adopt the switch relay of big capacity, high reliability to realize that the telemechanical of signal transmits.
With once concrete earth fault is that example is analyzed:
So that Line 1 road fault to take place is that example describes the route selection process in detail, and the two-dimensional array of the sub-thread creation 5000 * 32 of the sampling of program is quasi real time stored data, is filled with and covers legacy data afterwards from array top.Break down back (greater than 6 points of starting resistor) with preceding 100 points in fault point and back 100 points as Temporal Data, again with back 400 points as steady state data, these 600 somes submission main threads are carried out failure line selection.After one second,, continue to extract 400 points and submit to main thread to carry out continuous route selection as steady state data if fault does not disappear.Carry out feature extraction then, obtain the route selection result.Is example explanation route selection concrete grammar with colony mutually than amplitude ratio, extracts 3 circuits of current amplitude maximum, and establishes initial accumulated value sum (1) sum (2) sum (3) and sum (bus).With these 3 electric current arrays therewith the voltage array carry out pointwise relatively: 1. opposite with voltage sign, the sum absolute value that directly adds up then; 2. identical with voltage sign, the sum absolute value that adds up then; 3. 3 line currents are all identical with voltage sign, and then sum (bus) is set as a higher value.Sum (1) sum (2) sum (3) and sum (bus) are compared, and what value was maximum is exactly faulty line.Device shows that on the foreground Line 1 road is a faulty line, sends order, indication fault circuit by switching value card closing relay to telemechanical simultaneously.After fault was got rid of, device detected residual voltage and is lower than the startup threshold values, relay recovery normal condition (being in open mode), and program is jumped out the route selection flow process, gets back to monitoring state.
Claims (15)
1. the low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase earth fault selection method is characterized in that: adopt the high-performance industrial computer, run on the Win98 platform, adopt high-precision sensor and software and hardware interference protection measure, guarantee the reliability of acquired signal; In programming, adopt multithreaded architecture, used the message processing facility of Win32, when algorithm is judged, can sample to signal simultaneously like this, guaranteed the continuity and the real-time of sampled signal; On line selection algorithm, carry out intelligent comprehensive with multiple algorithm and judge, the deficiency of single line selection algorithm before having overcome; After the device start detection, start the sampling thread, after number that residual voltage surpasses threshold value reaches some, single phase ground fault has taken place in the judgement system, and storage Temporal Data and steady state data carry out troubleshooting, extract fault signature, utilize steady-state quantity criterion, transient state amount criterion, unusual amount criterion etc. to carry out many criterions and merge, various criterions are carried out intelligent decision synthetic determination ground path, that has realized the route selection criterion fills the property wanted target; Adopt continuously and judge, proposed the confidence level notion, overcome the erroneous judgement and the phenomenon of failing to judge; Carry out failure wave-recording, set up management information system, the operation of Long-Range Surveillance Unit, assurance device moves reliably and with long-term; Long-range collection fault sample enriches the sample storehouse, for improving and improve route selection ability stockpile.
2. low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase earth fault selection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: propose and adopted intelligence than width of cloth phase comparing method, this algorithm on basis, adopt than amplitude ratio phase algorithm integral algorithm, Butterworth digital filter, permanent with residual voltage as reference positive direction scheduling algorithm, be aided with interference protection measure, active domain constraint, comprehensive criterions such as continuous judgement, fundamentally improved the route selection accuracy; Combine with novel PT mode of connection, got rid of the erroneous judgement problem that ferro resonance brings.
3. low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase earth fault selection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: proposing also, wavelet method small echo selection method utilizes the transient current of single phase ground fault generation and the foundation that harmonic current is judged as route selection; Because the low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase earth fault equivalent circuit is a capacitive path, fault to act on the transient current that produces in the circuit suddenly very big usually; Particularly take place under arc grounding fault or the intermittent grounding fault situation, transient current content is abundanter, and the duration is longer; Transient current satisfies at the numerical value on the faulty line and equals numerical value sum and the opposite relation of direction on non-fault line, can be used for route selection; Because the transient signal in the electrical network is randomness, locality and non-stationary characteristics, therefore utilize the main difficulty of transient information route selection to be, how to extract useful transient signal exactly, how reasonably to represent signal and construct can the adaptation signal characteristics the route selection criterion.
4. low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase earth fault selection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: propose and adopted networked selection method; The networking selection method need be imported the operation of power networks state remote signalling amount relevant with route selection, as the input of a circuit and withdraw from, the information such as folding condition of each block switch on the circuit, grasp the parameter of topological structure He each circuit of electrical network; When electrical network generation single phase ground fault, estimate each line-to-ground charging current according to the network state parameter and the false voltage parameter that obtain, each circuit measured current value and desired value (estimated value) are compared; Measured current value and desired value differ smaller on the non-fault line, and measured current value and desired value differ greatly on the faulty line, and networking technology can also be used for regulating automatically the compensativity of arc suppression coil.
5. low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase earth fault selection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: propose and adopted the jump-value of current method; For the route selection problem of neutral by arc extinction coil grounding electric network single-phase earth fault, the past adopts 5 subharmonic than amplitude ratio phase method always; Facts have proved that for nonmetal character earth fault the route selection accuracy of this method is extremely low; The current break metering method is us at the failure line selection problem of arc suppression coil earthing electric network and is custom-designed; This method automatically changes the arc suppression coil parameter by automatics behind electrical network generation single phase ground fault, make each line fault electric current produce a sudden change, utilizes the difference of faulty line and non-fault line current break feature to select faulty line.
6. low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase earth fault selection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that proposing and having adopted sample modeling (characteristic fingerprint) selection method: sample modeling selection method claims the characteristic fingerprint selection method again; In the line selection apparatus running, when finding some extremely fault sample of specific type, when being difficult to make reliable route selection and judging with regular selection method, then extract the personal characteristics (being fingerprint characteristic) of this class fault sample, and the fingerprint characteristic and the fault message of this time fault preserved, as a reference sample; When similar fault occurring again,, just can infer the faulty line of the fault sample that makes new advances by mating with the sample fingerprint feature of preserving.
7. low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase earth fault selection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: propose and adopt continuous judgment technology; Continuously judgment technology be faint at fault-signal in the single-phase grounded malfunction in grounded system of low current, be subjected to characteristics of interference and the technical measures taked easily; This technology not exclusively depends on the result who once judges, but takes all factors into consideration the situation of overall process, and judgment technology can be got rid of the influence of large disturbance (mainly referring to switching manipulation) at random effectively continuously, has improved the correctness of route selection.
8. low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase earth fault selection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the active domain technology that proposes and adopt selection method: theory and practice shows, there do not have a kind of selection method can guarantee all fault types to be all effective, and every kind of selection method all has certain applicable elements; When applicable elements satisfied, the result was necessarily correct in this selection method route selection, otherwise the route selection the possibility of result is correct, also may be incorrect.We claim selection method reliably the applicable elements of route selection be the sufficiency condition of this method.The fault that satisfies sufficiency condition is called the active domain of this selection method in the zone of space formation.By each selection method is defined active domain, when a fault dropped in the active domain of certain method, this method must be correct to the route selection result of this fault.
9. low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase earth fault selection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: propose also to adopt the fault measurement theory: fault measurement is the one group of variable that is defined on the nonnegative real number territory, is used for measuring that every circuit has the degree of failure symptom in the fault.Article one, the fault measurement of circuit is big more, shows that this circuit may be the fault circuit more.Under this theoretical direction, each selection method of our structure can also calculate the fault measurement value of each bar circuit when providing the route selection result.
10. low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase earth fault selection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: propose and adopted the evidence theory selection method: the route selection result that each selection method goes out a calculation of fault (representing with the fault measurement form) is equivalent to an evidence, represent that with evidence which circuit may be the fault circuit, which circuit is unlikely to be the fault circuit, may have much etc. with impossible trusting degree, using evidence theory gets up these information combination, make final route selection result reflect the support point that the whole bag of tricks is common, the route selection result is very reliable.
11. low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase earth fault selection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: propose and adopted the rough set theory selection method: line selection apparatus has been collected a large amount of fault datas in route selection experiment and on-the-spot running, these fault datas are very valuable to improving route selection.The discovery of special sample, extraction of fingerprint characteristics in the characteristic fingerprint selection method, and the determining etc. of parameter and active domain in other selection method all need to realize in conjunction with the actual measurement fault data; For realizing that fault data that these purposes carry out is handled not is simple data preparation, but needs a kind of processing means of system, excavates the knowledge and the rule of concurrent existing value on one's own initiative from fault data, instructs us to improve selection method.
12. low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase earth fault selection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: have failure wave-recording program module and communication program module, the failure wave-recording program module can be carried out ex-post analysis and recurrence of failure to failure condition; The exploitation that communication program module communication program module is carried out on application software PCANYWHERE platform, can realize the communication between substation and the main website, can be applicable to three kinds of communication modes: parallel interface cable directly connects, and carries out network by modulator-demodulator and connects, and carries out network by network interface card and connects; And stable, reliable modem realization information management system function is installed, the IP that has realized electric power system is to equipment.
13. low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase earth fault line selection apparatus, comprise mainboard, the filter card, data collecting card, the switching value card, so attitude relay, the PT/CT version, power of alterating and direct current, the liquid crystal large-screen, External modem, the metal cabinet, it is characterized in that: industrial computer adopts the PC/AT bus structures, after various employing signals process low-pass filter circuits and the A/D change-over circuit, be connected on the PC/AT bus, industrial control computer mainboard adopts PCA-6153, it is responsible for calling real time data and carrying out the processing of various algorithms from the PC/AT bus, comprehensively provide faulty line information, directly show on the one hand by LCD screen, send the switch template to by the PC/AT bus on the other hand, the switch template sends telemechanical to after isolating by photoelectricity again.
14. low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase earth fault line selection apparatus according to claim 13, it is characterized in that: the device that input the present invention develops after the bus residual voltage of system and the zero-sequence current of each bar circuit process PT and the CT conversion, the voltage and current signal is through high accuracy PT and the further conversion of CT, and all signal transformations are voltage signal; Voltage signal input low pass filter is removed and is disturbed the voltage analog signal that output waveform is level and smooth; Device adopts the AC1820A data collecting card that voltage signal is carried out the A/D sampling, and sampled data deposits register in by the PC/AT bus; Industrial control computer mainboard adopts PCA-6153, and it is responsible for calling the go forward side by side processing of line algorithm of real time data from the PC/AT bus, provides faulty line information; Fault message directly shows by LCD screen on the one hand, sends PCL-734 switching value card to by the PC/AT bus on the other hand, and the switching value card is isolated the back through photoelectricity and sent telemechanical to by the switching value lead-out terminal on the rear board.
15. low current neutral grounding electric network single-phase earth fault line selection apparatus according to claim 13 is characterized in that: adopt the high-performance prefilter, the various interference waveforms of filtering; Adopt the switch relay of big capacity, high reliability to realize that the telemechanical of signal transmits.
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