CN1546808A

CN1546808A - Portable engineering geologic crack measuring apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN1546808A
Application number: CNA2003101155641A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 晓李; 李晓; 董万里; 路世豹; 廖秋林
Original assignee: Institute of Geology and Geophysics of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Geology and Geophysics of CAS
Priority date: 2003-12-02
Filing date: 2003-12-02
Publication date: 2004-11-17
Anticipated expiration: 2023-12-02
Also published as: CN1274916C

Abstract

There embeds a side base at two sides of the crack, the top of it may higher or lower than the measured surface according to demands. The measuring frame is 4-10, the sliding cover can insert or plug the top section of side base, and the top section won't rotate when inserted in. the transverse arm fixes the measuring pole and head or measured board through connection head, the extruding length of the measuring pole is adjustable, but it doesn't rotate. The measure surface of L type measuring head is correspondent to three measured boards whose edges are vertical. The meter measures the board through two holes on the measuring surface through measuring head, uses the mean of two measurements as deformation quantity, and eliminates the error caused by two sides' deformation of the crack.

Description

Portable engineering geologic fissure measurement mechanism

Title of the present invention: portable engineering geologic fissure measurement mechanism.The possession quality is surveyed instrument field.

The crack distortion takes place in common engineering building (as the Liang Yuzhu in dam, tunnel, mine and the heavy construction), geotechnical body engineering slope etc., adopts the simple mechanism that opening of unidirectional, single-point closed or the changing of the relative positions is measured more; Yet most engineering geotechnical body cracks that occur are controlled by factors such as engineering construction, geotechnical body proterties, structure and geostatic stress, so its crack deformation measurement should be three-dimensional, it both may be the closed distortion of tension, or horizontal changing of the relative positions distortion, or changing of the relative positions distortion up and down, also may be two or three having wherein.The applicant (original name: once obtained utility model patent Institute of Geology, Academia Sinica): three-dimensional joint meter (patent protection period cross), it is that the overall fixed formula is installed and used, in the middle of have three three-dimensionals to install sensor; Therefore its installation is used and is subjected to the test environment restriction, and as not influencing traffic, construction and environmental beauty etc., cost is also high naturally in addition, safeguard protection also is a problem.Single measuring point is because of distortion two sides, crack and not parallel on the direction, and it is big to make it error in measurement.There is not to supply the finished product device of usefulness at present.

Because engineering construction, excavation, explosion and adopt often cause the destruction and the unstability of geotechnical body, the crack is that it destroys wherein a kind of common phenomenon or sign with unstability.The appearance position in crack is geotechnical body area of stress concentration or weak place just, and its change and progress often is related to the stable of geotechnical body, has influence on the safety of engineering construction, tunnel, mine, side slope and traffic route etc. naturally.Grasped its variation tendency, also be convenient to engineers and technicians and in time take corresponding strick precaution reinforcement measure.As seen engineering geotechnical body Crack Monitoring is very important.

Purpose of the present invention will reach carries out the 3 D deformation measurement simultaneously on a pair of measuring point in both sides, crack.Measurement mechanism is divided into fixing pre-buried survey seat and folding portable is surveyed frame two parts; The survey seat will be stablized firmly, buries underground can be lower than measured surface, easily protection, also not overslaugh construction, traffic and environment; Install fast, stablize during folding portable survey frame survey 1 amount, measurement is shifted easy to carry.The pre-buried fixed survey seat of each crack measuring point, the shared a pair of portable survey frame of all measuring points reduces cost.

Fig. 1 is device of the present invention and application installation drawing.Contrive equipment is formed with survey frame two parts by surveying seat, and wherein 3 is pre-buried survey seats, and 4,5,6,7,8,9 and 10 is can be from surveying the portable folding survey frame that seat 3 inserts or extracts.

Survey seat 3 and be in the installation pit of the both sides that are embedded in tested crack, pour into a mould with cement mortar; Its bottom is a disk, and the center is welded with to survey between seat column, column both sides and disk and is welded with both wings on the bottom disc, has strengthened globality, prevents to survey the seat left-right rotation and upwards pull up.Survey a seat top section and can expose measured surface as required, also can be lower than measured surface, the latter is convenient to add a cover protection, in case destroyed or lose.Section side, column top vertically is distributed with V-shaped groove with 120 degree, and is corresponding with the slide block Fig. 2-4 in surveying frame sliding sleeve 4.

Can be fixed in the vertical rod 5 by drift bolt supporting swash plate 8 lower ends with moving 90 degree of horizontal test arm 9 plates perpendicular to vertical rod 5 during measurement, the survey frame is inserted on the bullet nose rod of surveying seat 3 tops by the sliding sleeve 4 of vertical rod lower end.The round end of surveying seat 3 tops this moment withstands in the circular cone hole at the bottom of sliding sleeve 4 holes, and they are the linear contacts of circumference, this contact stabilization, high conformity; And the slide block Fig. 2-4 in the sliding sleeve embeds corresponding the survey in the seat V-shaped groove.

The bullet nose rod of surveying the seat upper end has corresponding chute with between the slide block Fig. 2-4 in the sliding sleeve, in the sliding sleeve up and down two slide blocks all be the corresponding vertically distribution of 120 degree of being separated by with a chute of surveying seat top section.The chute that Fig. 1-3 surveys on the bullet nose rod of seat upper end is a v-depression; Fig. 2-4 slide block is that corresponding with it strip, cross section is triangle and the lower end becomes an inclined-plane.As can be seen from Figure 2, slide block is screwed with flat head screw 3 on 4 planes, above spring 2 is pressed in, makes slide block 4 always eject hugging and withstands on and survey in seat Fig. 1-3 bullet nose rod V-shaped groove; Regulate jackscrew 1 and change the spring degree of tightness, promptly change slide block and withstand on dynamics in the V-shaped groove.The survey frame of surveying on the seat can freely insert or extract like this, and is also stable, do not rock at all.

It is connector device installation prolongation measuring staff Fig. 3-3 of Fig. 3 by Fig. 1-10 that frame is surveyed in Fig. 1-(4～10), and its end is installed with gage outfit or Board Under Test (end dress gage outfit on the survey frame of both sides, crack, other end dress Board Under Test).Measuring staff is to insert in the pipe of surveying frame Fig. 1-9, and this pipe end has a semicircle gap, cooperates with cylindrical pins Fig. 3-4 on the measuring staff, by tightening fixedly measuring staff of jackscrew Fig. 3-2, measuring staff Fig. 3-3 turnover or left rotation and right rotation is all maintained static.The hole capable of setting distance of wearing pin on measuring staff Fig. 3-3 is beaten several, is convenient to adjust measuring staff length and determines range.

6, one dresses of L shaped gauge head Board Under Test 7 is adorned for one in two measuring staff terminations of surveying in the frame among Fig. 1; Each makes a call to two at a distance of the gaging holes 40-50 millimeter, that each measurement face staggers mutually with respect to Board Under Test face 7 on the L shaped gauge head 6.Aperture depends on the plate reading table that is adopted, and the feeler lever that is slightly larger than the plate reading table gets final product.Three orthogonal Board Under Tests 7 in edge are to insert the polishing glass of pulling out.When L shaped gauge head 6 is bigger because of geologic body crack distortion, measure outside tested edges of boards or its with Board Under Test 7, longer polishing glass be can replace, or Board Under Test 7 and measuring staff Fig. 3-3 connecting portion adjusted.The plate reading table can be dial gage, depth measurement slide calliper rule or various displacement transducer.Read once in each survey of two gaging holes on the direction, get its average and be this surveying record value.So both guaranteed to survey and read range, guaranteed again because of crack distortion gauge head face and the uneven accuracy in measurement of Board Under Test.

1 is the signal of geologic body crack among Fig. 1, the 2nd, and survey a seat installation pit and survey cement mortar cast signal is installed.

Advantage of the present invention and effect: at first it has increased a kind of new equipment for geological survey instrument field.Secondly its fixing pre-buried surveys simple in structure, science of Fig. 1-3, with low cost and firm stablizing be installed; Especially it can be lower than measured surface after installing, easily capping, and not overslaugh traffic, construction and environment when not measuring are convenient to protection; Be fit to long term monitoring, the safety monitoring of construction period and multi-measuring point monitoring on a large scale (often losing or destroyed), overcome the difficulty of this respect monitoring in the past as large-scale deserted mountain slope monitoring equipment.Its folding-type portable is surveyed frame, as long as a pair of test that can satisfy a lot of measuring points, plate reading table or sensor also only need one, not only safety but also with low cost, time saving and energy saving.Measure when using, insert by sliding sleeve Fig. 1-4, the Fig. 2 that surveys the frame lower end and survey seat (Fig. 2-4 slide block lower end is the oblique angle), stable again easily and fast; Pin can be extracted easily in the mechanism of Fig. 1-10 and Fig. 3, inserts the length of stretching out of adjusting measuring staff in the other hole again, determines to measure the position, has guaranteed that testing jig can not rock at all, can not cause measure error because the pin of Fig. 3-4 cooperates with the gap of Fig. 3-1.Fig. 1-6 surveys seat and can replace with the fixing of 7 Board Under Tests, and the polishing glass of 7 Board Under Tests is changeable, has guaranteed the range adjustment, is convenient to long term monitoring.

This invention is as long as just can realize with general machine machinery (car, Milling, brill and boring machine) processing by design drawing.Do not have special requirement on machining accuracy, general precision gets final product.Need to prove that Fig. 1-9 is outer through being less than 5 internal diameters, extract connecting axle when not measuring and insert in 5 and be easy to carry.

Claims

1. the technical characterictic of portable engineering geologic fissure measurement mechanism is made up of fixed pre-buried survey frame Fig. 1-4～10 that surveys seat Fig. 1-3 and portable and collapsible.During surveying work, be the sliding sleeve Fig. 1-4 that surveys the frame lower end that Fig. 2 is inserted on the bullet nose rod of surveying seat 3 tops, adjust the relative position of promptly surveying seat Fig. 1-6 and Board Under Test Fig. 1-7 with fixing measuring staff Fig. 3-3 by connector Fig. 1-10 or Fig. 3 mechanism.After measuring, extract the survey frame from surveying seat Fig. 1-3, Fig. 1-8 lower end fixing pin is extracted, horizontal test arm Fig. 1-9 is connected pin with vertical vertical rod 5 and also extracts, and test arm 9 inserts in 5 at this moment, and column is put up in the whole survey of triangle;

2. according to claim 1, it is a disk that Fig. 1-3 surveys the seat bottom, and the center is welded with vertical rod, is welded with both wings between vertical rod two bottom sides and the disk.Its top section is a round end, is distributed with vertical v-depression with 120 degree on the bar wall;

3. according to claim 1, surveying frame is that Fig. 2 is installed in and surveys on the seat by sliding sleeve Fig. 1-4, and the trigonal slider Fig. 2-4 in the sliding sleeve withstands in the corresponding V-shaped groove of surveying seat Fig. 1-3, and slide block lower end (towards outside) is the inclined-plane; Survey the seat nose-circle crown in sliding sleeve circular cone hole, form the linear contact of circumference;

4. according to claim 1, connector Fig. 1-10 is promptly shown in Figure 3, and plug-in mounting pin on measuring staff Fig. 3-3 docks with surveying the terminal half garden gap of frame transverse arm Fig. 3-1, tightens fixing by the jackscrew of Fig. 3-2;

5. according to claim 1, L shaped gauge head Fig. 1-6 corresponds on the face of the orthogonal Board Under Test Fig. 1-7 of three block edges two gaging holes, surveys respectively that to average after reading be a deformation measurement result.Board Under Test Fig. 1-the 7th, the polishing glass that can pull and push.