CN1537924A - Low-temperature quick deemulsifying agent for water-containing wax-containing erude oil and its preparation method - Google Patents
Low-temperature quick deemulsifying agent for water-containing wax-containing erude oil and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1537924A CN1537924A CNA2003101054250A CN200310105425A CN1537924A CN 1537924 A CN1537924 A CN 1537924A CN A2003101054250 A CNA2003101054250 A CN A2003101054250A CN 200310105425 A CN200310105425 A CN 200310105425A CN 1537924 A CN1537924 A CN 1537924A
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Abstract
A low-temp high-speed demulsifier for the water and wax contained crude oil is prepared through the block copolymerization between phenolamine resin, epoxy propane and epoxy ethane to obtain star branched polyether, reacting on water-soluble cross-linking agent, and adding additive.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of moisture waxy crude oil low temperature rapid demulsifier and preparation method thereof, belong to refining of petroleum
Technical field.
(2) background technology
Chemical demulsification is one of the most convenient that removes moisture in the crude oil emulsion, most economical and effective means.From report Barnickel FeSO in 1914
4Solution is counted emulsification crude oil demulsification, and nearly 90 years history is successively developed three generation products.
After the sixties in 20th century, having developed third generation emulsion splitter, mainly is the high-molecular weight polyether type demulsifying agent.The polyethers emulsion splitter has its unique advantage, and the molecule formula that not only can " lie low " is adsorbed on the drop interface, replaces original emulsifying agent molecule, and intermolecular arrangement is loose, and interfacial layer thickness is little, and Intermolecular Forces is little, the film toughness that forms is poor, thereby has demulsification preferably.Especially generally tasteless, nontoxic, the nonirritant of such material belongs to the environmental friendliness chemical.Along with the further exploitation in oil field, water content in crude oil increases significantly, the extensive test in place of tertiary oil recovery technology especially, and water content in crude oil increases, and crude oil emulsion stability strengthens, and impels people constantly to develop the novel crude oil emulsion splitter.Enter after the eighties, because aspects such as economy, storage and production technique, except epoxy ethane-epoxy propane block polyether type emulsion splitter, people begin to develop polyamine class, polymer-type and amphoteric ion type emulsion splitter etc. again.
China's emulsion splitter development is started late, main dependence import before nineteen sixties.Middle nineteen sixties begins oneself development, and tempo is very fast.But the emulsion splitter characteristics of China's application at present are that the trade mark is more, and single agent type is less.Along with oil-field development enters the later stage, the exploitation in domestic many oil fields enters high water-cut stage, add that steam drives, intensified oil reduction The Application of Technology such as polymer flooding, surfactant flooding and ternary composite driving, cause the crude oil emulsion water content to increase severely, especially the existence of chemical oil displacement agent is become better and better the stability of crude oil emulsion, the breakdown of emulsion difficulty strengthens, and the dehydrating of crude oil difficulty increases, and existing emulsion splitter far can not adapt to the needs of the breaking emulsion and dewatering processing of high water-content crude oil or viscous crude, waxy crude oil.And, problems such as present each oil field ubiquity breakdown of emulsion temperature height, dosage is big, dewatering speed is undesirable, not only cause the huge waste of the energy and remaining high of processing cost, and the long processing period of crude oil, therefore, make under the crude oil water containing prerequisite up to standard, reduce dehydration temperaturre as much as possible and the emulsion splitter dosage becomes the difficult problem that the oil field needs to be resolved hurrily, the development of low temperature rapid demulsifier is imperative.In addition from the environment protection angle, quite a few Oilfield using oil-soluble demulsifier at present, a large amount of organic solvents such as toluene etc. not only pollute environment, and have potential safety hazard when using.
(3) summary of the invention
For problem such as solve breakdown of emulsion temperature height that prior art exists, dosage is big, dewatering speed is undesirable, the present invention has designed a kind of low temperature rapid demulsifier that is applicable to moisture waxy crude oil, and has provided preparation technology.It has adopted nontoxic water-soluble cross-linker, and its preparation does not need a large amount of organic solvents, and direct water-soluble getting final product during use eliminated the problem of environmental pollution and potential safety hazard.And; breaking emulsion and dewatering speed is faster also arranged at low temperatures, not only can be a large amount of heating energy source of oil field saving, and significantly reduce the breaking emulsion and dewatering cost of crude oil; therefore, the application of this emulsion splitter is all significant to defeated process of crude production and collection and environment protection.
The present invention is realized by following technical scheme:
It is initiator that the present invention adopts phenol-amine resin, with alkali is catalyzer, cause oxyethane and propylene oxide block copolymerization, obtain baroque multi-branched polyethers, with this polyethers and water-soluble cross-linker reaction, be equipped with additive again and make, its raw material weight proportioning is a phenol-amine resin: propylene oxide: oxyethane: catalyzer: linking agent=1: 20～500: 10～300: 0.1～3: 0.3～80, the shared ratio of additive is 5%～20%.
The present invention finished by synthetic, three steps of crosslinking reaction synthetic, polyethers of initiator phenol-amine resin, and concrete preparation process is as follows:
(1) the initiator phenol-amine resin is synthetic: drip formaldehyde solution in the homogeneous mixture of polyethylene polyamine and phenol, dehydration reaction 2h forms under 100 ℃～180 ℃ conditions, and the raw material weight proportioning is a phenol: polyethylene polyamine: formaldehyde solution=1: 0.5～20: 0.1～5;
(2) polyethers is synthetic: initiator is put in the autoclave, is added alkali as a catalyst in proportion, under 100 ℃～140 ℃ respectively with propylene oxide and reacting ethylene oxide, control pressure 0.1～0.3MPa in the reaction process;
(3) crosslinking reaction: under 40 ℃～100 ℃, in polyethers, drip water-soluble cross-linker in proportion, add the back and keep reaction 0.5～2 hour, in cross-linking products, allocate 5%～20% additive then into and be the gained emulsion splitter.
The phenol that the present invention prepares phenol-amine resin is dihydroxyphenyl propane or phenol, and polyethylene polyamine is quadrol, diethylenetriamine, triethylene tetramine, tetraethylene pentamine or five ethene hexamines.Compare with alcohols, amine, resol class initiator, phenol-amine resin has more side chain, and active sites is more, and structure is also more complicated, and demulsification is also more excellent.
The used catalyzer of the present invention can be conventional alkali, as, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide also can be unconventional sodium hydride, potassium hydride KH, sodium methylate, sodium ethylate or calcium acetates.
Usually the linking agent of emulsion splitter is oil-soluble, as the TDI of isocyanates etc., is water-soluble cross-linker and the present invention uses, as 1, and 3-two chloro-2-propyl alcohol.No longer need organic solvent dilutings such as toluene, this helps environment protection, and the security of operation is strengthened, and also greatly reduces the emulsion splitter cost.
Additive comprises cosurfactant, permeate agent and inorganic salt, as methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, Virahol, propyl carbinol, the trimethyl carbinol, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, sodium-chlor, Repone K, JFC etc., the effect of additive is the perviousness that strengthens emulsion splitter, improve velocity of diffusion, and then improve de-emulsification speed.
The present invention has advantages such as low temperature, quick, low dosage, environmental protection.Experimental result shows that under the situation that is lower than the on-the-spot dehydration temperaturre in oil field (being low to moderate 35 ℃), this emulsion splitter still has good breaking emulsion and dewatering effect, can be a large amount of heating energy source of oil field saving like this; Even at 20mgL
-1Low dosage under, dehydration rate still can reach more than 50%, dosage reduces sharply when reaching dehydration and requiring, and can reduce the breakdown of emulsion cost greatly; (comprise differing temps and dosage) under various conditions, this emulsion splitter dewatering speed is all faster than other comparative sample; This emulsion splitter is can various ratios water-soluble; Use nontoxic water-soluble cross-linker, replaced oil-soluble isocyanic ester severe toxicity linking agent, avoided the use of noxious solvent toluene etc., both helped improving the security that emulsion splitter uses, also helped environment protection.
Be example with Shengli Oil Field Jibei crude oil below, investigated the breaking emulsion and dewatering effect of this emulsion splitter.The breakdown of emulsion data are as follows:
The former oil index in Jibei
Viscosity:＞200mPa.s (50 ℃)
The content of wax:＞8%
Moisture:＞45%
On-the-spot dehydration temperaturre: 50 ℃
On-the-spot dosage: 100mgL
-1(1) Temperature Influence is 1. 35 ℃
②40℃
③50℃
(2) influence of dosage (temperature is 50 ℃) is 20mgL 1.
-1
②50mg·L
-1
③100mg·L
-1
| Emulsion splitter | Dosage/mgL -1 | Dehydration rate/% | Deviate from water |
| ??30????60????90????120??150???180min | |||
| The invention of SP169 TA1031 field samples | ??100 ??100 ??100 ??100 | ??0?????0?????0?????0????0?????0 ??0?????0?????0?????0.5??0.6???2.7 ??0?????0.5???1.1???1.2??2.2???4.3 ??4.3???55.7??66.5??70.3?71.4??73.0 | / clear muddy more clear |
| Emulsion splitter | Dosage/mgL -1 | Dehydration rate/% | Deviate from water |
| ??15????30????45????60????90????120min | |||
| The invention of SP169 TA1031 field samples | ??100 ??100 ??100 ??100 | ??0?????0?????0?????0?????0?????0 ??0?????5.4???32.4??56.2??63.2??64.9 ??0?????22.7??69.2??75.7??77.3??78.9 ?43.2???84.3??86.5??87.6??87.6??88.6 | / wall built-up is muddy more clear |
| Emulsion splitter | Dosage/mgL -1 | Dehydration rate/% | Deviate from water |
| ??15????30????45????60????90????120min | |||
| The invention of SP169 TA1031 field samples | ??100 ??100 ??100 ??100 | ??0?????0?????1.1???10.8??27.0??/ ??5.4???70.3??77.3??80.0??82.2??/ ??29.7??88.6??89.7??91.4??91.9??/ ??78.4??86.5??87.0??87.0??87.6??/ | ??/ ??/ ??/ ??/ |
| Emulsion splitter | Dosage/mgL -1 | Dehydration rate/% | Deviate from water |
| ??60????90????120????150????180????360min | |||
| The invention of SP169 TA1031 field samples | ????25 ????25 ????25 ????25 | ??0?????0?????0??????0??????0??????0 ??0?????0?????0??????0??????0.5????3.8 ??0?????0?????0??????0??????0.5????1.1 ??3.2???6.5???13.5???22.7???33.5???54.1 | ??/ ??/ ??/ ??/ |
| Emulsion splitter | Dosage/mgL -1 | Dehydration rate/% | Deviate from water |
| ??15?????30????45????60?????90??????120min | |||
| The invention of SP169 TA1031 field samples | ????50 ????50 ????50 ????50 | ??0??????0?????0?????0??????0???????0 ??0??????0?????1.1???2.2????12.4????22.2 ??0??????0?????4.3???12.4???33.5????51.4 ??4.3????21.6??60.0??66.0???68.6????70.3 | / muddy clear |
| Emulsion splitter | Dosage/mgL -1 | Dehydration rate/% | Deviate from water |
| ??15??????30??????45??????60??????90??????120min | |||
| The invention of SP169 TA1031 field samples | ??100 ??100 ??100 ??100 | ??0???????0???????0???????0???????0???????0 ??0???????5.4?????11.9????38.9????55.1????57.8 ??1.6?????42.2????76.8????78.9????80.0????81.1 ??35.7????81.1????82.2????82.7????83.2????84.9 | / clear muddy more clear |
(4) embodiment
Embodiment 1
Add diethylenetriamine 40g in proportion in the 250ml four-hole boiling flask, heating up to stir adds dihydroxyphenyl propane 80g, and beginning rises to temperature 100 ℃ of dehydration reaction 2h more slowly to wherein dripping formaldehyde solution 8g behind the mixing, makes phenol-amine resin.Add phenol-amine resin 10g, catalyst acetic acid calcium 1g in autoclave, 140 ℃ slowly add propylene oxide 200g down, and pressure-controlling adds oxyethane 100g down at 100 ℃ again at 0.1～0.3MPa, carries out copolymerization and obtains polyethers.Get the 50g polyethers and add linking agent 1 under 40 ℃, 3-two chloro-2-propyl alcohol 0.05g react 0.5h, allocate 10g penetrating agent JFC and 10g propyl alcohol again into, and thin up promptly gets the emulsion splitter finished product to aequum.
Embodiment 2
Add triethylene tetramine 100g in the 250ml four-hole boiling flask, heating up to stir adds dihydroxyphenyl propane 5g, and beginning rises to temperature 180 ℃ of dehydration reaction 2h more slowly to wherein dripping formaldehyde solution 25g behind the mixing, makes phenol-amine resin.Add phenol-amine resin 1g, catalyzer potassium hydroxide 3g in autoclave, 140 ℃ add propylene oxide 500g down, and pressure-controlling slowly adds oxyethane 300g down at 100 ℃ again at 0.1～0.3MPa, and block polymerization obtains polyethers.Get the 50g polyethers and add linking agent 1 under 80 ℃, 3-two chloro-2-propyl alcohol 5g react 2h, allocate the 10g propyl alcohol again into, and thin up promptly gets the emulsion splitter finished product.
Embodiment 3
Add tetraethylene pentamine 75g in the 250ml four-hole boiling flask, heating up to stir adds dihydroxyphenyl propane 20g, and beginning rises to temperature 120 ℃ of reaction 2h more slowly to wherein dripping formaldehyde solution 30g behind the mixing, makes phenol-amine resin.Add phenol-amine resin 5g, potassium hydroxide 1g in autoclave, 140 ℃ add propylene oxide 400g down, and pressure-controlling slowly adds oxyethane 100g down at 110 ℃ again at 0.1～0.3MPa, and block polymerization obtains polyethers.Get the 50g polyethers and add linking agent 1 under 50 ℃, 3-two chloro-2-propyl alcohol 4g react 1h, allocate the 10g propyl alcohol again into, and thin up promptly gets the emulsion splitter finished product.
Claims (6)
1. moisture waxy crude oil low temperature rapid demulsifier, it is characterized in that it is initiator that emulsion splitter adopts phenol-amine resin, with alkali is catalyzer, cause oxyethane, propylene oxide block copolymerization, obtain star-like multi-branched polyethers, with this polyethers and water-soluble cross-linker reaction, being equipped with additive again makes, its raw material weight proportioning is a phenol-amine resin: propylene oxide: oxyethane: catalyzer: linking agent=1: 20～500: 10～300: 0.1～5: 0.3～80, the shared ratio of additive is 5%～20%.
2. the preparation method of a moisture waxy crude oil low temperature rapid demulsifier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that preparation process goes on foot and finishes by synthetic, the crosslinking reaction three synthetic, polyethers of initiator phenol-amine resin, and concrete preparation process is as follows:
(1) the initiator phenol-amine resin is synthetic: drip formaldehyde solution in the homogeneous mixture of polyethylene polyamine and phenol, dehydration reaction 2h forms under 100 ℃～180 ℃ conditions, and the raw material weight proportioning is a phenol: polyethylene polyamine: formaldehyde solution=1: 0.5～20: 0.1～5;
(2) polyethers is synthetic: initiator is put in the autoclave, is added alkali as a catalyst in proportion, under 100 ℃～140 ℃ respectively with propylene oxide and reacting ethylene oxide, control pressure 0.1～0.3MPa in the reaction process;
(3) crosslinking reaction: under 40 ℃～100 ℃, in polyethers, drip water-soluble cross-linker in proportion, add the back and keep reaction 0.5～2 hour, in cross-linking products, allocate 5%～20% additive then into and be the gained emulsion splitter.
3. low temperature rapid demulsifier according to claim 1 and 2, the phenol that it is characterized in that preparing phenol-amine resin is dihydroxyphenyl propane or phenol, polyethylene polyamine is quadrol, diethylenetriamine, triethylene tetramine, tetraethylene pentamine or five ethene hexamines.
4. low temperature rapid demulsifier according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that catalyzer alkali is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, sodium hydride, potassium hydride KH, sodium methylate, sodium ethylate or calcium acetate.
5. low temperature rapid demulsifier according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that water-soluble cross-linker is 1,3-two chloro-2-propyl alcohol.
6. low temperature rapid demulsifier according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that additive is short chain alcohol, inorganic salt or permeate agent.
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