CN1533191A - Adaptive channel evaluating method and device based on expected medium code of construction - Google Patents
Adaptive channel evaluating method and device based on expected medium code of construction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
This invention relates to a method using a constructed Midamble as the expected signal adaptive downstream channel estimation and a device used in the channel estimation of radio communication TD-SCDMA mobile terminal side to radio air channel. The device includes a constructed midamble module used in constructing midamble according to the known user numbers as the expected signal, an adaptive filter module used in the constructed midamble sequence output as the reference signal and the adaptive filter method is used for channel estimation. This invented method and device can be used in TD-SCDMA downstream channel estimation, the front of combined test, also suitable for estimation of the base station to single user channel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication field, particularly the channel estimation methods and the device of intermediate code (Midamble) based on the expectation of structure of the wireless channel in TD-SCDMA (Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access access) wireless communication system.
Background technology
In wireless communication system, information source belongs to the character mapped data set, this data acquisition system comes from limited character set, thereby is non-Gaussian Profile on statistics.When information before receiver receives, need transmit through wireless channel, can produce intersymbol interference and interchannel interference.Intersymbol interference and interchannel interference mainly come from band-limited transmitter, narrow-band receiver, and receiving filter non-linear, time delay and multipath transmission, the mobility of terminal, multiple access disturbs or the like.
Desirable, under the situation of known channel characteristic, be easy to usually solve in other words at the designed matched filter of received signal.But under the wireless communications environment of reality, the characteristic of wireless channel is normally unknown and become when being.For such channel, can not design fixing matched filter.
In 3-G (Generation Three mobile communication system), particularly in the TD-SCDMA mobile communication system, disturb in order to eliminate MAI (multiple access interference) and ISI (intersymbol interference), adopted a kind of associated detection technique (joint-detection), core technology as TD-SCDMA, joint-detection provides the good detection characteristic, has good performance.But associated detection technique needs channel impulse response as input, this just need estimate the characteristic of wireless air channel before joint-detection, obtain the impulse response parameter of channel,, perhaps use this channel impulse response to carry out deconvolution or channel equalization so that carry out joint-detection.
Existing method of estimation to channel mainly includes correlator and estimates, blind adaptive estimates, and based on the inverse filter method of estimation of various algorithms, as the subspace channel estimating etc.
But, these methods of estimation mainly are based on the channel estimation methods of up channel, because the base station has very strong computing capability, therefore can adopt various methods of estimation, but these methods are unsuitable for and are applied to the estimation of mobile terminal side to down channel, particularly at the estimation of the down channel of TD-SCDMA technology standard design.
Existing many adaptive estimation methods, but because it all is to adopt the characteristic of basic midamble code to estimate channel basically, do not consider the characteristic of TD-SCDMA intermediate code sequence, it is big therefore to implement amount of calculation, and reach comparatively difficulty of desired channel estimating performance, be difficult for realizing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of estimation of self-adaptive descending channel, it is according to the feature of descending time slot intermediate code in the wireless communication technology TD-SCDMA technology standard, the intermediate code of structure one expectation is carried out adaptive channel estimating, to provide a kind of simple and convenient at mobile terminal side, be fit to the radio channel estimation method that terminal is used.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of estimation unit of self-adaptive descending channel, it is according to the feature of descending time slot intermediate code in the TD-SCDMA technology standard, the intermediate code of structure one expectation is carried out adaptive channel estimating, to provide a kind of simple and convenient at mobile terminal side, be fit to the radio channel estimation device that terminal is used, be used to carry out signal reconstruction and joint-detection.
For realizing purpose of the present invention, we provide a kind of adaptive channel estimation method based on the expectation intermediate code of constructing, comprise the steps: a) to determine the side-play amount of basic midamble code according to number of users, according to this side-play amount to the method for amplitude weighted superposition such as basic midamble code carries out to obtain the intermediate code sequence of structure, with it as reference signal input adaptive estimation module; B) intermediate code of described self adaptation estimation module receiving slot signal is carried out self adaptation and is calculated, to carry out the estimation of channel as input signal.
For realizing another object of the present invention, we provide a kind of adaptive channel estimation unit based on the expectation intermediate code of constructing, it comprises the adaptive channel estimation module, it is characterized in that also comprising the intermediate code constructing module, it uses the constant amplitude weighted superposition to construct intermediate code, and with the intermediate code sequence of constant amplitude weighted superposition as reference signal input adaptive estimation module as the reference signal, described adaptive channel estimation module receiving inputted signal is a received signal, and calculate the error vector of input signal and reference signal by descent algorithm, obtain estimation by iteration repeatedly thus to channel.
Hence one can see that, the invention provides adaptive channel estimation approach and device, the different intermediate codes of using mobile terminal side to construct voluntarily that are are used as the reference signal, and can adjust the structure coefficient, and being suitable for terminal and carrying out channel estimating, method is simple, can use hardware to realize, also can use software to realize that amount of calculation is less, and is functional.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the mode of the down channel of radio communication;
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the adaptive channel estimation unit of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the block diagram of the adaptive channel estimation unit of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the block diagram of the adaptive channel estimation unit of third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of realizing the adaptive channel estimation method of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of realizing the adaptive channel estimation method of third embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the invention are described.Need to prove that at this present invention is not limited to the following examples, the following examples are exemplary explanation, for example, below us with down channel as specific embodiment, promptly be that example illustrates, but device and method of the present invention also can be used in the base station with the terminal installation.In each accompanying drawing of the present invention, identical module is used identical Reference numeral in addition.
With reference to figure 1, Fig. 1 is the channel model of down channel:
In down channel, the base station sends K user's data vector d
(k), k=1...K wherein, K is a maximum number of user, like this, the receiver receiving end signal can be expressed as:
r(t)＝Ad+n(t) (1)
Wherein: A is a sytem matrix, and d is the user data vector, here
d＝(d
(1)，d
(2)，...，d
(k)，)
T (2)
N (t) is an additive white Gaussian noise, and n (t)=σ
2I.
In this model, matrix A can be regarded two-part synthetic C as
kAnd H
h, wherein comprised specific user's signature waveform C
(k)And channel impulse response (CIR), h
K
So A=H
hC
k(3)
Then receiving end signal is:
r＝Ad+σ
2I＝H
hC
kd+σ
2I (4)
Here, σ
2Be variance, I is a unit vector.
Introduce the adaptive channel estimation method based on the expectation intermediate code of constructing of the present invention below in detail.Same as above, we only describe the adaptive channel estimation method and the device of down channel at this.
In the TD-SCDMA communication system, use intermediate code as pilot signal, intermediate code can be used as the channel estimating signal and is used for time synchronized and detects and adjust.
In the TD-SCDMA system, the intermediate code of descending time slot is to use same basic midamble code (Basic midamble), according to the stack sequence of number of users through different time shift (MO) formations.In same sub-district, use identical basic midamble code's sequence with each user on the carrier wave, each user has different time delays.Terminal can be known the number of users that this sub-district has according to the intermediate code of the downstream signal that receives.But in terminal equipment, estimate if only adopt basic midamble code to carry out adaptive channel as desired signal, then owing to the intermediate code of this desired value with reality falls far short, so the convergence of calculating is slower, the result of calculation poor performance.But because in the descending time slot of the base station of launching, what its intermediate code was partly launched is a stack with basic midamble code of specific time shift feature, therefore, we are in the estimation of down channel is estimated, according to TD-SCDMA technology standard and different user number, construct an intermediate code sequence according to basic midamble code according to certain rule at portable terminal, and with its reference signal as sef-adapting filter, the synchronous intermediate code that receives is carried out self adaptation estimates, with this self adaptation results estimated then as channel estimation results.
From two parts this scheme principle is described below:
At first, structure intermediate code sequence:
The method of structure expectation intermediate code sequence signal is:
Wherein M (n) is 128 basic midamble codes, a
iBe the weight coefficient to different user, i Δ n has represented the different time offset information of different user in intermediate code, and n represents time-domain sampling, and N represents number of users.This formula shows that the desired signal of being constructed (intermediate code) comes from the time shift of basic midamble code through number of users, obtains through weighting.
The structure of concrete expectation intermediate code is seen accompanying drawing 2, Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the adaptive channel estimation unit of first embodiment of the invention, in this basic apparatus structure, two modules have been comprised, as shown in Figure 2, modules A is the constructing module 10 of expectation intermediate code, and it uses the basic mode of constant amplitude weighted superposition as the structure intermediate code.Module B is an adaptive channel estimation module 20, modules A with the sequence of constant amplitude weighted superposition as reference signal input adaptive estimation module 20.
The channel estimating that sef-adapting filter is realized is described below.Module 20 is the sef-adapting filter module as shown in Figure 2, and this is the self adaptation realization module of a Weiner filter, and input signal is received signal and reference signal.Wherein reference signal comes from the intermediate code constructing module.At first calculate the error vector of the intermediate code and the reference signal of input signal, rely on descent algorithm to make error convergence, send into the FIR filter, set the tap coefficient h1 (n) and the h1 (m) of this filter, just can obtain estimation channel according to this error vector.Simultaneously this result is compared with the intermediate code of constructing as input signal again, error vector is sent into computing module, obtain the estimation to channel once more, this operation is through circulation several times, just can obtain the channel estimating of comparison, can be used for signal reconstruction and carry out joint-detection near true value.
The algorithm that adopts in this sef-adapting filter can be MMSE (least-mean-square error algorithm) and LMS (Least Mean Square lowest mean square) algorithm, and for example use the LMS algorithm to realize: the descent algorithm of filter is: ω (n)=ω (n-1)+μ (n) x (n) e (n)
Wherein μ (n) upgrades step-length for iteration, and x (n) is an input signal, and n is an iterative times, and ω (n) is the filter coefficient of the n time iteration, and e (n) is output in the error of the actual output of filter for expectation.
The following describes enforcement the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
First embodiment
Still with reference to figure 2, as can be seen from Figure 2, this adaptive channel estimation unit comprises: the constructing module 10 and the adaptive channel estimation module 20 of expectation intermediate code, and wherein the intermediate code constructing module comprises: basic midamble code unit 11 is used to generate basic intermediate code; Weighting squarer 12 is used for being weighted according to the basic midamble code of input; Intermediate code structural unit 13 is used for the weighting intermediate code based on input, constructs intermediate code according to number of users.Described adaptive channel estimation module 20 comprises: FIR filter h
1(n) 21, MMSE/LMS descent algorithm unit 22 and subtracter 23 are at first imported subtracter with the intermediate code of the input signal that receives with the structure intermediate code that constructing module 10 generates, and calculate its error vector, error vector is imported descent algorithm unit 22, with FIR and the h that calculates
1(n) send into the FIR filter, obtain the estimation of a channel, then subtracter 23 is imported in the estimation of this channel again, repeat the above-mentioned computational process that relatively reaches, just can obtain the actual estimated value that approaches down channel, then the result be sent into joint-detection unit 31, just can carry out joint-detection.
The performing step of first embodiment of the invention is described below in conjunction with the flow chart of Fig. 5:
Step S51. at first each tap coefficient of the h1 of initialization FIR filter (n) is 1;
Step S52. intermediate code constructing module 10 is determined the side-play amount of basic midamble code according to number of users, according to etc. the amplitude weighted superposition intermediate code sequence that obtains to construct, the input adaptive estimation module;
Step S53. receives the signal of a time slot;
Step S54. gets the input of the intermediate code partial data of received signal as the self adaptation estimation module, and carries out subtraction with the intermediate code sequence of being constructed, and obtains error amount;
Step S55. sends this error amount into the descent algorithm unit, calculates h1 (n), the i.e. filter coefficient of LMS algorithm according to the LMS algorithm;
Step S56. determines whether described calculating restrains, if do not restrain then enter step S58;
The estimated value of step S57. delivery channel;
Step S58. is according to h1 (n), during the intermediate code of received signal in, redefine the tap coefficient of filter, and turn back to step S54.
Need to prove that at this adaptive channel estimation module can also be used existing other algorithms, as MMSE (least mean-square error) or RLS etc.
Second embodiment
Figure 3 shows that the another kind of implementation of down channel estimation unit, wherein the adaptive channel estimation module is a kind of self adaptation paranorm version, but included module and unit and shown in Figure 2 basic identical, the step of being carried out is also identical with embodiment.Therefore, at this structure of various piece and concrete implementation procedure are described no longer.
The 3rd embodiment
The 3rd embodiment realizes example of the present invention for the parameter of adjusting constructing module according to the correlated results of output signal and basic midamble code dynamically.
With reference to figure 4, Fig. 4 is the block diagram of the adaptive channel estimation unit of third embodiment of the invention, as can be seen from Figure 4, can make the parameter (fingerbreadth value weighting etc.) of the sign indicating number constructing module that ins all sorts of ways between centering carry out real-time adjustment to obtain more performance.
With reference to figure 4, as can be seen from Figure 4, the channel self-adapting estimation unit of present embodiment and the channel self-adapting estimation unit of first embodiment are basic identical, difference is that the intermediate code constructing module 10 of present embodiment comprises a correlator 14, the output signal that this correlator 14 can make filter 21 and basic midamble code do slide relevant, the weighting multiplier is adjusted in the i.e. output that obtains according to sef-adapting filter, the intermediate code that basic midamble code is constructed by intermediate code structural unit 13 according to weighted value more approaches the intermediate code of real down channel, even also can accelerate arithmetic speed, restrain quickly to obtain the channel estimating of down channel.This slip stepping amount is a chip-level, can be that also 1,2,4 or 8 samplings at interval.
Flow chart below with reference to accompanying drawing 6 specifically describes job step of the present invention:
Step S61. at first each tap coefficient of the h1 of initialization FIR filter (n) is 1;
Step S62. intermediate code constructing module is determined the side-play amount of basic midamble code according to number of users, according to etc. the amplitude weighted superposition intermediate code sequence that obtains to construct, the input adaptive estimation module;
Step S63. receives the signal of a time slot;
Step S64. gets the input of the intermediate code partial data of received signal as the self adaptation estimation module, and carries out subtraction with the intermediate code sequence of being constructed, and obtains error amount;
Step S65. sends this error amount into the descent algorithm unit, calculates h1 (n), the i.e. filter coefficient of LMS algorithm according to the LMS algorithm;
Step S66. determines whether described calculating restrains, if do not restrain then enter step S68 and S69;
The estimated value of step S67. delivery channel;
Step S68. is according to h1 (n), during the intermediate code of received signal in, redefine the tap coefficient of filter, and turn back to step S63;
Step S69. is according to h1 (n), does in chip-level and basic midamble code and slides relevantly, obtains constructing the estimator of weighted value required in the intermediate code module, and returns step S64;
Step S70. to basic midamble code delay time weighting and the summation, construct new intermediate code, and return step S63.
As mentioned above, doing in filtering output signal and basic midamble code sequence and to slide when relevant, in order to obtain the relevant output of corresponding time domain, is to accelerate arithmetic speed, this relevant can carrying out at chip-level, and slip stepping amount can be 1,2,4 or 8 samplings interval.
In addition, according to the mould value of time domain correlated results on the different time delay point of each user as weight coefficient, to basic midamble code delay time weighting and summation, the reference signal that obtains constructing is stored in the reference signal memory (not providing) as the reference signal of upgrading.
Need to prove that at this though method and apparatus of the present invention uses at down channel, this method and apparatus can be used in up channel equally, that is to say, this device not only can use in terminal, and can use in the base station.
In sum, description of the invention, describe in detail and above-mentioned accompanying drawing be not be used for limiting of the present invention.To those skilled in the art, under instruction of the present invention, can carry out various corresponding modification and can not exceed the spirit and scope of the present invention, but this variation should be included within claim of the present invention and the equivalent scope thereof.
Claims (12)
1. the adaptive channel estimation method based on the expectation intermediate code of structure comprises the steps:
A) determine the side-play amount of basic midamble code according to number of users, according to this side-play amount to the method for amplitude weighted superposition such as basic midamble code carries out to obtain the intermediate code sequence of structure, with it as reference signal input adaptive estimation module;
B) intermediate code of described self adaptation estimation module receiving slot signal is carried out self adaptation and is calculated, to carry out the estimation of channel as input signal.
2. the adaptive channel estimation method based on the expectation intermediate code of constructing as claimed in claim 1 wherein further comprises the following steps:
A) each tap coefficient of the h1 of initialization FIR filter (n) is 1;
B) signal of a time slot of reception;
C) the intermediate code sequence of the time slot signal that received is carried out subtraction with the intermediate code sequence of being constructed, obtain error amount;
D) this error amount being sent into the descent algorithm unit calculates;
E) determine whether described result of calculation restrains, if restrain then the estimated value of delivery channel;
F) according to result of calculation, during the intermediate code of received signal in, redefine the tap coefficient of filter, and turn back to step b).
3. the adaptive channel estimation method based on the expectation intermediate code of constructing as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein wait the amplitude method for weighted overlap-add to carry out according to following formula:
Wherein, M (n) is 128 basic midamble codes, a
iBe the weight coefficient to different user, i Δ n has represented the different time offset information of different user in intermediate code, and n represents time-domain sampling, and N represents number of users.
4. the adaptive channel estimation method based on the expectation intermediate code of constructing as claimed in claim 1 wherein further comprises the following steps:
A) each tap coefficient of the h1 of initialization FIR filter (n) is 1;
B) signal of a time slot of reception;
C) the intermediate code sequence of the time slot signal that received is carried out subtraction with the intermediate code sequence of being constructed, obtain error amount;
D) this error amount being sent into the descent algorithm unit calculates;
E) determine whether described result of calculation restrains, if restrain then the estimated value of delivery channel;
F) according to result of calculation, during the intermediate code of received signal in, redefine the tap coefficient of filter, and turn back to step b); Simultaneously, do relevant slip with basic midamble code, obtain the estimated value of new intermediate code weighted value thus, basic midamble code's weighting of delaying time is also sued for peace, construct new intermediate code, and return step c) based on this weighted value at chip-level according to result of calculation.
5. the adaptive channel estimation method based on the expectation intermediate code of constructing as claimed in claim 4, the slip stepping amount of wherein said filtering output signal and basic midamble code's sequence are 1,2,4 or 8 samplings intervals.
6. as claim 1,2 or 4 described adaptive channel estimation methods based on the expectation intermediate code of constructing, wherein said descent algorithm comprises least-mean-square error algorithm and least mean square algorithm.
7. as claim 1,2 or 4 described adaptive channel estimation methods based on the expectation intermediate code of constructing, wherein said method can be used for the up channel of wireless communication system is estimated.
8. adaptive channel estimation unit of expectation intermediate code based on structure, it comprises adaptive channel estimation module (20), it is characterized in that also comprising intermediate code constructing module (10), it uses the constant amplitude weighted superposition to construct intermediate code, and with the intermediate code sequence of constant amplitude weighted superposition as reference signal input adaptive estimation module (20) as with reference to signal, described adaptive channel estimation module (20) receiving inputted signal is a received signal, and calculate the error vector of input signal and reference signal by descent algorithm, obtain estimation by iteration repeatedly thus to channel.
9. the adaptive channel estimation unit based on the expectation intermediate code of constructing as claimed in claim 8, wherein said intermediate code constructing module (10) comprising:
Basic midamble code unit (11) is used to generate basic intermediate code;
Weighting multiplier (12) is used for being weighted according to the basic midamble code of input;
Intermediate code structural unit (13) is used for the weighting intermediate code based on input, constructs intermediate code according to number of users.
10. the adaptive channel estimation unit based on the expectation intermediate code of constructing as claimed in claim 9, wherein said intermediate code constructing module (10) further comprises:
Correlator (14), its output signal that makes sef-adapting filter and basic midamble code unit (11) do slide relevant, export according to resulting channel estimating and to adjust weighting squarer (12), adopt the weighted value of the output of basic midamble code to carry out the channel estimating of channel by intermediate code structural unit (13) intermediate code of being constructed.
11. the adaptive channel estimation unit based on the expectation intermediate code of constructing as claimed in claim 10, the slip stepping amount of wherein said correlator is a chip-level, also can adopt 1,2,4 or 8 samplings at interval.
12. the adaptive channel estimation unit based on the expectation intermediate code of constructing as claimed in claim 8, wherein adaptive channel estimation module (20) is the self adaptation realization module or the sef-adapting filter paranorm structure realization module of a Weiner filter.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006119688A1 (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2006-11-16 | Shanghai Ultimate Power Communications Technology Co., Ltd. | A distribution method of multi basic midamble and joint detection method |
| CN100399847C (en) * | 2005-02-24 | 2008-07-02 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Method for measuring adjacent cell |
| CN101257324A (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2008-09-03 | 展讯通信（上海）有限公司 | Linear combined channel estimation method in TD-SCDMA system |
| CN1829206B (en) * | 2005-12-19 | 2010-06-09 | 北京邮电大学 | A channel estimation method for TD-SCDMA system |
| CN101785208A (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2010-07-21 | Lm爱立信电话有限公司 | Reduced interference in an mbms enabled system |
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| US7684378B2 (en) * | 2004-11-08 | 2010-03-23 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Method and apparatus for estimating channelization codes in a wireless transmit/receive unit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1114281C (en) * | 1997-08-12 | 2003-07-09 | 西门子公司 | Channel estimation method and device |
| DE19917334A1 (en) * | 1999-04-16 | 2000-10-26 | Siemens Ag | Channel estimation method for TD-CDMA mobile radio system |
| DE60009262T2 (en) * | 2000-04-04 | 2004-08-05 | Mitsubishi Electric Information Technology Centre Europe B.V. | Method for transmitting a word representing the number of spreading codes allocated to the mobile stations when communicating with a base station of a radio telecommunication system |
| JP3522678B2 (en) * | 2000-09-27 | 2004-04-26 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Communication terminal device and demodulation method |
| KR100391292B1 (en) * | 2001-09-12 | 2003-07-12 | 한국전자통신연구원 | A channel estimation apparatus and method in time division duplexing system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100399847C (en) * | 2005-02-24 | 2008-07-02 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Method for measuring adjacent cell |
| WO2006119688A1 (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2006-11-16 | Shanghai Ultimate Power Communications Technology Co., Ltd. | A distribution method of multi basic midamble and joint detection method |
| CN1829206B (en) * | 2005-12-19 | 2010-06-09 | 北京邮电大学 | A channel estimation method for TD-SCDMA system |
| CN101257324A (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2008-09-03 | 展讯通信（上海）有限公司 | Linear combined channel estimation method in TD-SCDMA system |
| CN101257324B (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2013-10-09 | 展讯通信（上海）有限公司 | Linear combined channel estimation method in TD-SCDMA system |
| CN101785208A (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2010-07-21 | Lm爱立信电话有限公司 | Reduced interference in an mbms enabled system |
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