CN1526511A - Underwater high confining pressure post-mixing abrasive jet flow simulation experiment device system - Google Patents

Underwater high confining pressure post-mixing abrasive jet flow simulation experiment device system Download PDF

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CN1526511A
CN1526511A CNA031157025A CN03115702A CN1526511A CN 1526511 A CN1526511 A CN 1526511A CN A031157025 A CNA031157025 A CN A031157025A CN 03115702 A CN03115702 A CN 03115702A CN 1526511 A CN1526511 A CN 1526511A
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water
abrasive
jet
underwater
pressure
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胡寿根
宁原林
丁胜
蒋旭平
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to an underwater high-confining-pressure post-mixing abrasive jet flow simulation experiment device system which mainly comprises an underwater environment simulation system and an underwater abrasive jet flow cutting system, wherein the underwater abrasive jet flow cutting system comprises a high-pressure water generation system, a water jet flow pipeline system, an abrasive jet flow nozzle system, an underwater abrasive supply system and a flow testing system. The underwater cutting device can realize the underwater cutting environment simulation of any water depth, and solves two problems of the supply and the return of the grinding materials under the underwater high confining pressure condition. Practice shows that the experimental system is reasonable in design and complete in function, and can be used for simulating the research on the erosion performance of the abrasive jet flow under any water depth.

Description

Compound abrasive jet analogue experiment installation system behind the high confining pressure under water
Technical field
The present invention relates to compound abrasive jet analogue experiment installation system behind a kind of high confining pressure under water,, belong to water jet
Technical field.
Background technology:
In the world, the Submerged Abrasive Study on Technology had had some successful examples, and at the end of the eighties, Hanoverian, Germany university utilizes Submerged Abrasive that steel have been carried out cutting test, to seek the actual parameter of submerged jets.At the beginning of the nineties, De Fa two countries researcher is positioned over the abrasive material cutting head under water with remote control technology that 15 meters experimentize, and is used to verify the control technology of cutting, the state of wearing and tearing and the effect of cutting.In November, 2000, number nuclear submarine is salvaged in the rescue in Russia " Kursk ", need bore or cut an aperture in advance on the external wall of different cabins of nuclear submarine, has or not nuclear leakage to survey in the nuclear submarine.Owing to more than 100 meter under water of working environment, do not allow to adopt the mode of any thermal cutting, this has become a technical difficult problem.At last, Britain Oil States MCS company limited has successfully used the cutting technique of Submerged Abrasive, the scene is successfully external in the cabin to cut out several apertures, has satisfied this highly difficult execute-in-place requirement, for this technology further improve and popularization provides the model.This incident has also proved Submerged Abrasive possibility of its application and importance under water, and particular surroundings has under water determined the difficulty and the complicacy of Underwater Engineering technology, also makes some land process technologies be not suitable for using under water.At home, 1997, University Of Chongqing has designed cut pilot system and has carried out the experimental study of cutting steel plate under water under the pre-mixed abrasive water jets, inquired into the relation between jet pressure, range, the traversing speed of nozzle and the depth of cut.1998, the erosion Mechanism of preceding mixing Submerged Abrasive has been studied by Ningbo College On Line, to influencing the factors of Submerged Abrasive performance, analyze as range, systems engineering pressure, abrasive concentration and the traversing speed of nozzle, provide experimental basis for further studying Submerged Abrasive.Calendar year 2001, University of Petroleum utilizes the PTV velocity measuring technique in the abrasive material slurry jet flow under the condition of flooding, and the speed of convection cell and abrasive material and PAM concentration relationship have carried out the measurement Research of system and flooded and the go round and round a millstone experimental study of material jet erosion sleeve pipe of the condition backspin of non-submersion.These domestic researchs have fully represented the underwater erosion property of abradant jet, have greatly enriched the development of abradant jet, also provide new thinking for novel processing technology and increase environmental effect simultaneously.Along with the rise day by day of human development ocean, cutting technique has a wide range of applications in the engineering under water under water, is one of key core technology of 21 century.Yet the difference of the variation of pressure under water, high undersea hydrostatic pressures influence and underwater operation environment, to such an extent as to making traditional job operation become more and more difficult when operating mode is used under water can not adapt to, therefore, studying under water, cutting mechanism, the novel instrument of processing and forming under water of searching are the present important topics that face of many researchists.Yet, at present, still do not have the experimental provision of the compound abrasive jet cutting environment simulation of back under water that can realize any depth of water.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to improve the underwater cutting effect of jet, realize the simulation of cutting environment under water of any depth of water, provide one to overlap under water compound abrasive jet experimental provision system behind the high confining pressure, the cutting environment under water simulation of any depth of water can be realized, and abrasive feeding and backwater two hang-ups under the high confining pressure condition can be solved under water.Can carry out the erosion experiment on this basis, systematically explore the underwater cutting performance of abradant jet, for its application under the big depth of water, high confining pressure background provides foundation.
Theoretical foundation of the present invention is:
Artificial submerged jets state according to people such as Canadian M.M.Vijay and Vicker foundation, through years of researches and experiment, progressively improve to become and manually flood condition fluidics theory, when the ratio H/D of depth of the water submerging H and nozzle diameter D greater than 100 the time, just can think that the floodage of this moment is complete floodage, promptly Ci Shi jet can be considered to jet under water.The present invention be exactly in view of the above theory set up the underwater abrasive water jet analogue experiment installation, by this device under laboratory condition the simulation tens meters or darker underwater environment.According to hydromechanical ultimate principle, because the most direct factor that variation produced of the depth of water is exactly the variation of environmental pressure.The pressure at any degree of depth h place can be expressed as under the surface level:
P=P0+ ρ gh (1) ρ here is a density of liquid, and P0 is the force value at free surface place.Pressure value P 0 for the place, sea level is a standard atmospheric pressure, so just can calculate the force value at any degree of depth h place under the sea level.Under normal pressure, when promptly P0 was a standard atmospheric pressure, if the following 100 meters degree of depth of Simulated Water only reaches requirement by the size that changes h, this obviously was unpractical under laboratory condition.So we consider and can simulate underwater environment by the force value that changes the free surface place.At first we set up a closed container at imagination, and getting the nozzle depth of the water submerging is 100D (D is a nozzle diameter), has founded artificial submerged jets theory according to people such as M.M.Vijay, and this operating mode has belonged to complete floodage, can not influence the erosion property of jet.With air compressor machine the pressure at the first half free surface place of closed container is increased to 10 or 20 atmospheric pressure then, this moment, h was constant as can be known by formula (1), P0 changes, the depth of water that is equivalent to the jet expansion liquid level has increased 100m or 200m, just can realize simulating the underwater environment under the high depth condition this moment preferably, for the foundation of jet analogue experiment installation under water provides theoretical foundation.
According to above-mentioned theory, technical scheme of the present invention is that total system mainly is made up of underwater environment simulation system and underwater abrasive water jet diced system, and the underwater abrasive water jet diced system comprises water under high pressure generation systems, water jet pipe system, abradant jet nozzle system, feeding abrasive material system, flow testing system are formed under water.
The underwater environment simulation system is equipped with closed container; Be equipped with the air that is used in the closed container and compress, simulate the air compressor and the accurate precision pressure gauge that detects the closed container internal pressure of the underwater environment of any degree of depth; System is equipped with by water level detecting and is used for water level gauge to depth of the water submerging control; System also is equipped with needle valve, safety valve, non-return valve, visor hole, the sound suppressor that is used for closed container sealing, exhaust and maintaining system safety.
The water under high pressure generation systems mainly is made up of the high pressure pumping source, the water jet pipe system is the pipeline portions that connects water under high pressure generation systems and underwater environment simulation system, it also comprises rifle valve, gate valve in water injecting pipeline, drain water circuit and the pipeline, the rifle valve is positioned between spray gun and the high pressure pumping source, be used for controlling the opening and closing of water under high pressure, the high voltage precision tensimeter is equipped with at rifle valve place, is used to measure the pressure that the high pressure pumping source is provided.
The abradant jet nozzle system mainly comprises abrasive material shower nozzle, nozzle holder, range regulating system, the abrasive material shower nozzle is made up of (operating) water nozzle and abrasive jet and sprayer body, be connected with pressure duct by one section stainless-steel tube, it is inner near the gathering hole place that the range regulating system is positioned at pressure vessel, places a series of adjustment pads on the worktable to form below sample.
The feeding abrasive material system adopts the mode feed of being supplied with the defeated material of back mixing dry type of abrasive material by the injection of high-pressure water jet under water, by valve control feeding abrasive material amount, an air valve is set on transfer pipeline, dries up the sediment transport pipe with pressurized air; Above the abrasive material pipe, increased by one road pressurized air, balanced each other with high confining pressure in the closed container.
Flow testing system is made up of turbine flux transmitter, frequency meter and stabilized voltage supply, and turbine flux transmitter directly is connected in the pressure duct.
Ultimate principle of the present invention is that tap water passes through the supercharging of high pressure pumping source, and water under high pressure is delivered to the abrasive material shower nozzle through pressure duct, and the rifle valve did not cut out when jet carried out, and this moment, water under high pressure refluxed from unloader.Rifle opening of valves when jet carries out, water under high pressure flow through high-pressure hose through the rifle valve and arrive the abrasive material shower nozzle, and current form high-speed jet after by nozzle, thereby material for test is produced the erosion effect.It can realize the cutting environment under water simulation of any depth of water, has finely solved under water abrasive feeding and backwater two hang-ups under the high confining pressure condition.Carried out the erosion experiment on this basis, systematically explored the underwater cutting performance of abradant jet, for its application under the big depth of water, high confining pressure background provides foundation, this for processing under water and even following ocean development engineering all with of far-reaching significance.Practice shows that this experimental system design is reasonable, and perfect in shape and function can be used for simulating the abradant jet study of eroding properties under any depth of water.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a compound abrasive jet analogue experiment installation system chart behind a kind of high confining pressure under water;
Fig. 2 is a compound abrasive jet analogue experiment installation system architecture synoptic diagram behind a kind of high confining pressure under water;
Fig. 3 is a range regulating device synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 is a combined type abrasive material nozzle structure synoptic diagram
Embodiment
By shown in Figure 1, mainly be made up of underwater environment simulation system and underwater abrasive water jet diced system, the underwater abrasive water jet diced system comprises water under high pressure generation systems, water jet pipe system, underwater environment simulation system, abradant jet nozzle system, feeding abrasive material system, flow testing system are formed under water.
1, underwater environment simulation system, as shown in Figure 2, it is by closed container 15; Being equipped with air compressor 4, precision pressure gauge 8,18, water level gauge 5, needle valve and the sound suppressor 14, safety valve 6, non-return valve 3, the visor hole 20 that are used for to the air in the closed container forms.Closed container 15 is main bodys of total system, and its design pressure is 1.6Mpa, belongs to medium pressure vessel.Maximum pressure is 2.5Mpa, and physical dimension is Φ 1224mm * 1800mm, and manufactured materials is No. 20 container steel.Air compressor 4 is to be used for the air in the closed container 15 is compressed, and makes the pressure P 0 of this place's free surface increase, thus the underwater environment of simulating any degree of depth.The model of this air compressor machine is the PU-1 type, and rated pressure is 8kgf/cm2, and promptly the maximum analog depth of water can reach 80 meters.Water level gauge 5 is to be used for depth of the water submerging is controlled, and makes that the condition of flooding satisfies H>100D, meets complete floodage.Visor hole 20 is to be used for experimentation is observed, and also can use high-speed camera from the visor hole whole experiment to be taken, so that observe the generation and the development of cavitation phenomenon better, and to the erosion effect of material.Precision pressure gauge is the pressure that is used for controlling in the closed container, and the underwater environment of accurately simulating any degree of depth is observed closed container pressure inside variation in experimentation simultaneously, and analyzed its influence.Assemblies such as needle valve and sound suppressor 14, safety valve 6, non-return valve 3 are used for closed container is sealed and exhaust the security of maintenance system and reliability.Thermopair 19 and temperature measurement system 26 are used for measuring temperature in the closed container 15.
2, setting-out generation systems and water jet pipe system, by shown in Figure 2, the water under high pressure generation systems mainly is made up of high pressure pumping source 1, and the water under high pressure generation systems is one of key component of whole experiment device, it has directly determined the size of jet energy, and this will influence the cutting performance of underwater abrasive water jet.In order to reach experimental requirements, the high pressure pumping source of native system is converted by QL-615 type jetting machine, adopt BZ-615 type high speed and precision ceramic plunger pump, drive motor is that power is 4 kilowatts Y112-4 (T) type threephase asynchronous, also is furnished with FH-165 type drain charge valve simultaneously.BZ-615 type high speed and precision ceramic plunger pump adopts high technology ceramics to make plunger, and because of its hardness is high especially, the surface is extremely smooth again, in use weares and teares hardly, so the plunger life-span prolongs greatly.FH-165 type drain charge valve can be realized automatic deloading when spray nozzle clogging or rifle valve are closed, thereby has guaranteed the security of total system.The related work parameter of high-pressure pump is: rated speed 1450r/min, and theoretical delivery 15.7L/min, rated operating pressure is 13Mpa, and top pressure is 15Mpa, and match power is 4KW.The characteristics of total system be high pressure, at a high speed, compact conformation.
3, the water jet pipe system is the pipeline portions that connects water under high pressure generation systems and underwater environment simulation system, it also comprises parts such as rifle valve 2 in water injecting pipeline 23, drain water circuit 21 and the pipeline, gate valve 22, and can the quality of its performance be directly connected to whole experiment and carry out smoothly.The rifle valve belongs to a kind of one-way control valve that comes switch with spanner, the rifle valve is positioned between spray gun and the high pressure pumping source, is used for controlling the opening and closing of water under high pressure, and the high voltage precision tensimeter is equipped with at rifle valve place, be used to measure the pressure that the high pressure pumping source is provided, its precision reaches 1kgf/cm 2, range is 200kgf/cm 2, be enough to satisfy the precision of testing.Except that drain water circuit with water injecting pipeline is connected by iron pipe, remaining pipe system is connected by high-pressure hose, and is furnished with rapid-acting coupling, greatly facilitates the assembling and the maintenance of total system.
4, abradant jet nozzle system, by Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, it mainly comprises abrasive material shower nozzle 25, range regulating system, the abrasive material shower nozzle is made up of (operating) water nozzle and abrasive jet and sprayer body, be connected with pressure duct by one section stainless-steel tube, among Fig. 2,17 is the abrasive material delivery pipe.The range regulating system is positioned at that pressure vessel is inner to place a series of adjustment pads 29 on the worktable 30 to form near gathering hole 16 places below sample 24, it is workpiece 24 that lastblock is used for fixing the target thing.All the other each pieces are divided into two groups, and one group thickness is respectively 5mm and 10mm, are used for the adjusting of basic range, and the thickness of another group is respectively 1mm and 2mm, are used for the fine setting of range.The nozzle of abrasive material shower nozzle 25 is contacted with target thing 24, and the adjustment cushion block of taking out respective thickness according to desired range can reach the purpose that range is adjusted then.The overall height of worktable 30 is that the attainable range range of adjustment of 130mm is 0~100mm, and this is for the submerged water jet test of nozzle of small diameter, and is enough.
Abrasive material shower nozzle 25 is a combined type abrasive material shower nozzle, by shown in Figure 4, it comprises adapting pipe 31, (operating) water nozzle 32, sprayer body 33, hybrid chamber 34, abrasive jet contraction section 35, abrasive jet straight-line segment 36, set nut 37, abrasive material joint 38 fast, and the abrasive jet of abrasive material shower nozzle is a kind of contraction section 35 by various different angle of throat α and the straight-line segment 36 of various different lengths combines the combined type abrasive jet.Promptly be that the contraction section of abrasive jet and straight-line segment are separated; Process the contraction section of different angle of throat α and the straight-line segment of various different lengths, utilize mathematical combined concept to form different combined type abrasive jets again; Nozzle interior WC because of operation under water, so apply mechanically stainless steel processing outward, had so both saved cost, was easy to centering again.The design of this built up nozzle both provided cost savings, and had reduced the process-cycle, was easy to realize in test Parameter Optimization again.For example: suppose to have the angle of throat of same diameter to be respectively α 1,2 contraction sections of α 2, and length is respectively the abrasive jet of 3 straight-line segments of L1, L2, L3, according to the thinking of combination, we can obtain ading up to of built up nozzle:
N=C2 1(C3 1+C3 2+C3 3)=2(3+3+1)=14
But, will process 14 abrasive jets by traditional design.According to our design philosophy, only need 5 smallclothes of processing just can obtain 14 abrasive jets.This just provides cost savings and the process-cycle greatly, this shows that the meaning of this design is crucial.
5, feeding abrasive material system under water, it adopts the mode feed of being supplied with the defeated material of back mixing dry type of abrasive material by the injection of high-pressure water jet, by valve control feeding abrasive material amount, for improving the flowing property of abrasive material, adopt the bottom to be the abrasive can of taper, and increase by a pallet in order to drainage.An air valve is set on transfer pipeline, dries up the sediment transport pipe with pressurized air; Above the abrasive material pipe, increased by one road pressurized air, balanced each other with high confining pressure in the closed container.The feeding abrasive material device is shown in Fig. 9 top under water, and it comprises abrasive can 9, tensimeter 10, air valve 11, abrasive material cup 12 and abrasive material valve 13.
6, flow tester is made up of turbine flux transmitter 7, frequency meter 27 and stabilized voltage supply 28, and turbine flux transmitter 7 directly is connected in the pressure duct.

Claims (8)

1, compound abrasive jet analogue experiment installation system behind a kind of high confining pressure under water, it is characterized in that, total system mainly is made up of underwater environment simulation system and underwater abrasive water jet diced system, and the underwater abrasive water jet diced system comprises water under high pressure generation systems, water jet pipe system, abradant jet nozzle system, feeding abrasive material system, flow testing system under water.
2, compound abrasive jet analogue experiment installation system behind the high confining pressure under water according to claim 1 is characterized in that described underwater environment simulation system is equipped with closed container (15); Be equipped with the air that is used in the closed container and compress, simulate the air compressor (4) and accurate precision pressure gauge (8), (18) of detecting the closed container internal pressure of the underwater environment of any degree of depth; System is equipped with by water level detecting and is used for water level gauge (5) to depth of the water submerging control; System also is equipped with and is used for the needle valve of closed container sealing, exhaust and maintaining system safety and sound suppressor (14), safety valve (6), non-return valve (3), visor hole (20).
3, compound abrasive jet analogue experiment installation system behind the high confining pressure under water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described water under high pressure generation systems mainly is made up of high pressure pumping source (1), the water jet pipe system is the pipeline portions that connects water under high pressure generation systems and underwater environment simulation system, it also comprises rifle valve (2), gate valve (22) in water injecting pipeline (23), drain water circuit (21) and the pipeline, the rifle valve is positioned between spray gun and the high pressure pumping source, and the high voltage precision tensimeter is equipped with at rifle valve place.
4, compound abrasive jet analogue experiment installation system behind the high confining pressure under water according to claim 1 is characterized in that described abradant jet nozzle system mainly comprises abrasive material shower nozzle, nozzle holder, range regulating system.
5, according to compound abrasive jet analogue experiment installation system behind claim 1, the 4 described high confining pressures under water, described abrasive material shower nozzle comprises adapting pipe (31), (operating) water nozzle (32), sprayer body (33), hybrid chamber (34), abrasive jet contraction section (35), abrasive jet straight-line segment (36), set nut (37), quick abrasive material joint (38), it is characterized in that the abrasive jet of abrasive material shower nozzle is that straight-line segment (36) split of a kind of contraction section by various different angle of throat α (35) and various different lengths combines.
6, according to compound abrasive jet analogue experiment installation system behind claim 1, the 4 described high confining pressures under water, described range regulating device is positioned at the inner close gathering hole (16) of closed container (15) to be located, and places a series of adjustment pads (29) on the worktable (30) to form below sample (24).
7, compound abrasive jet analogue experiment installation system behind the high confining pressure under water according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described feeding abrasive material under water system adopts and supplies with mill by the injection of high-pressure water jet
The mode feed of the defeated material of the back mixing dry type of material by valve control feeding abrasive material amount, is provided with an air valve on transfer pipeline, dry up the sediment transport pipe with pressurized air; Above abrasive can, increased by one the tunnel with closed container in the pressurized air that balances each other of high confining pressure.
8, compound abrasive jet analogue experiment installation system behind the high confining pressure under water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described flow testing system is made up of turbine flux transmitter (7), frequency meter (27) and stabilized voltage supply (28), and turbine flux transmitter (7) directly is connected in the pressure duct.
CNA031157025A 2003-03-07 2003-03-07 Underwater high confining pressure post-mixing abrasive jet flow simulation experiment device system Pending CN1526511A (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102284912A (en) * 2011-08-29 2011-12-21 常州东基数控机械有限公司 Cooling device of edging machine
CN103247219A (en) * 2013-05-10 2013-08-14 江南大学 Comprehensive experimental device for cutting jet supporting
CN103252682A (en) * 2013-05-10 2013-08-21 江南大学 Jet flow supporting and testing device for turning long and thin rods
CN108806456A (en) * 2018-06-20 2018-11-13 北京石油化工学院 A kind of Cleaning by High Pressure Water Jet experimental provision
CN108868740A (en) * 2018-04-28 2018-11-23 中国矿业大学 A kind of deformation coal original position coal bed gas horizontal well cave Depressurized mining simulation experiment method
CN113021191A (en) * 2019-12-24 2021-06-25 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Experimental system for abrasive water jet cutting sleeve
CN114473875A (en) * 2022-03-01 2022-05-13 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 Post-mixing type abrasive jet flow rock breaking assisting system and method based on abrasive slurry TBM
CN117532753A (en) * 2023-12-04 2024-02-09 浙江大学 Real-time feedback adjustment rock breaking system and method for abrasive water jet angle

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102284912B (en) * 2011-08-29 2013-07-03 常州东基数控机械有限公司 Cooling device of edging machine
CN102284912A (en) * 2011-08-29 2011-12-21 常州东基数控机械有限公司 Cooling device of edging machine
CN103247219A (en) * 2013-05-10 2013-08-14 江南大学 Comprehensive experimental device for cutting jet supporting
CN103252682A (en) * 2013-05-10 2013-08-21 江南大学 Jet flow supporting and testing device for turning long and thin rods
CN108868740B (en) * 2018-04-28 2021-09-14 中国矿业大学 Cave pressure relief mining simulation test method for tectonic coal in-situ coal bed gas horizontal well
CN108868740A (en) * 2018-04-28 2018-11-23 中国矿业大学 A kind of deformation coal original position coal bed gas horizontal well cave Depressurized mining simulation experiment method
CN108806456A (en) * 2018-06-20 2018-11-13 北京石油化工学院 A kind of Cleaning by High Pressure Water Jet experimental provision
CN113021191A (en) * 2019-12-24 2021-06-25 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Experimental system for abrasive water jet cutting sleeve
CN113021191B (en) * 2019-12-24 2022-08-30 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Experimental system for abrasive water jet cutting sleeve
CN114473875A (en) * 2022-03-01 2022-05-13 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 Post-mixing type abrasive jet flow rock breaking assisting system and method based on abrasive slurry TBM
CN114473875B (en) * 2022-03-01 2022-12-13 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 Back-mixing type abrasive jet flow rock breaking assisting system and method based on abrasive slurry TBM
CN117532753A (en) * 2023-12-04 2024-02-09 浙江大学 Real-time feedback adjustment rock breaking system and method for abrasive water jet angle
CN117532753B (en) * 2023-12-04 2024-05-24 浙江大学 Real-time feedback adjustment rock breaking system and method for abrasive water jet angle

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