CN1524170A - 塑料管道接头装置 - Google Patents

塑料管道接头装置 Download PDF

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CN1524170A
CN1524170A CNA018063829A CN01806382A CN1524170A CN 1524170 A CN1524170 A CN 1524170A CN A018063829 A CNA018063829 A CN A018063829A CN 01806382 A CN01806382 A CN 01806382A CN 1524170 A CN1524170 A CN 1524170A
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supporting ring
pipeline
piecing devices
resin
cunning
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劳伦斯・E・谢伊
劳伦斯·E·谢伊
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/02—Welded joints; Adhesive joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5042—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like covering both elements to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221—Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
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    • B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B29C66/52295—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B29C66/52298—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket being composed by several elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/63—Internally supporting the article during joining
    • B29C66/636—Internally supporting the article during joining using a support which remains in the joined object
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L13/00—Non-disconnectible pipe-joints, e.g. soldered, adhesive or caulked joints
    • F16L13/10—Adhesive or cemented joints
    • F16L13/103—Adhesive joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7802—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B29C66/52297—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising slip-off prevention means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2309/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2303/00 - B29K2307/00, as reinforcement
    • B29K2309/08—Glass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0012—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular thermal properties
    • B29K2995/0016—Non-flammable or resistant to heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/22—Tubes or pipes, i.e. rigid
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S285/00—Pipe joints or couplings
    • Y10S285/915—Mastic

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

本发明为一种连接直径达到约120英寸的圆柱形玻璃纤维管道的接头装置。管状内滑配套环安装在相对的两根管道内部，使管道首尾相连。管状外滑配套环围绕安装在相连管道的外表面上。不挥发环氧胶粘剂将接合表面固定，形成双重胶粘密封的三级接头。

Description

塑料管道接头装置
背景技术
因为对于多种侵蚀性化学物质具有良好的耐腐蚀性，塑料管道大量应用于各种产业。几乎所有的塑料管道的长度都要受材料运输能力的限制，其长度一般为20到60英尺。长度有限的管道需要在工作现场进行连接固定以增加长度和/或与管件连接。连接管道，尤其是直径较小的管道材料有多种方法，包括采用滑配件或联结器。通常还可以采用一些胶粘剂“熔解”管道的基底材料，如PVC(聚氯乙烯)，来形成化学接合。其他替代方法还有，按照连接钢管的方法在塑料管道上采用螺纹或者凸缘连接。本专利申请人在美国第5,909,904号专利案中公开了新颖进步的塑料管道凸缘连接装置。
但是许多方法在用于玻璃纤维管道，特别是直径达到60英寸或1.5米的大型管道时有很大的难度，或者需要很高的成本。凸缘连接经常被采用，但成本非常高昂。通常的连接方法首先对需要连接的两根管道的外部进行磨砂，再覆盖上浸透树脂的玻璃纤维或其他材料，树脂凝固之后就可形成防漏连接。连接的防漏效果取决于操作者的技术和材料的质量。
如图1A、1B所示，玻璃纤维接头通常有两种，分别是对接缠绕接头和插承接头。如图1A所示，对接接头方法需要将每根管道的连接端切平对齐，且尺寸相同，并通过各种方法，如利用金属夹将部件固定，然后覆盖玻璃纤维和树脂，并等待一段时间直到树脂凝固。金属夹留在了连接装置内，一旦其过早锈蚀将导致接头渗漏。
可以采用图1B中所示的插承接头作为替代装置。在该装置中，一根管道的顶端直径保持不变，与之连接的管道的接合端需要增大，使其内径足以容纳与之相连的管道的外径。在该装置中，依然需要通过某些手段来将部件固定在一起，将接头处进行磨砂，然后配制树脂，在接头上覆盖浸透树脂的玻璃纤维或其他材料，再等待树脂凝固。
这些接头的制作过程很不卫生，玻璃纤维碎粒容易钻进工人的衣服里，使工人感到皮肤不适。此外树脂具有刺激性气味，并且可能含有有毒的致癌物质，并可引起皮疹。而本发明是一种独特的改良接头装置，与“通常的”对接缠绕接头、插承接头或凸缘接头相比，这种接头装置具有制作简单、快捷和成本低廉等优点。
发明内容
简而言之，本发明为一种连接圆柱形塑料管道的接头装置，本装置尤其适用于玻璃纤维管道。可用本装置连接的管道通常长二十至四十英尺，直径可达一百二十英寸。本装置包括一个直径略小于管道的内滑配套环，用于安装在相邻管道两端的内部，使管道首尾相连。本装置还包括一个直径略大于管道的外滑配套环，所述外滑配套环包裹在接头的外表面上，用于固定接头。在连接内、外套环的接合面时使用一种特制的不挥发的非VOC(挥发性有机化合物)有机环氧树脂胶粘剂，使管道得到双重粘合，从而制作出三级永久接头，这是其他现有技术所无法做到的。
附图说明
为了更好地理解本发明及其优点，以下结合附图进行详细说明：
图1A为一种传统玻璃纤维管道接头示意图。
图1B为另一种传统玻璃纤维管道接头示意图。
图2为符合Factory Mutual #4922认证标准的装置样品示意图。
图3为本发明优选实施例的分解透视图。
图4为本发明优选接头装置的分解示意图。
具体实施方式
现以两端对齐，与采用对如图1A所示的接缠绕接头的管道类似的排烟管道为例对本发明进行说明。这种玻璃纤维强化塑料管道的长度通常为20或40英尺，其优点在于，工人可以任意切割管道，而不必担心是否要保留承接头留作他用。
图3显示的是内滑配套环5，这是专利申请人利用特殊的直径工具制成的新型改良凸缘接头，其外径比管道1的内径略小，可在管道内自如地滑配。管道可用两种不同的树脂进行加工，例如，管道1的内表面可用具有耐腐蚀能力的树脂进行加工，而外表面可用耐火树脂进行加工。内滑配套环5采用的树脂材料与管道1的耐腐蚀层树脂相同。
外滑配套环12与内滑配套环5相似，其功能是在管道1外部进行滑配，其中央不需要垫片，但是增加垫片效果更好。通过目测就可估算出外滑配套环的位置。管道的外表面和/或外滑配套环12的内表面可涂抹上一层特殊的不挥发的有机化合物，即：100％环氧树脂固体颗粒。这样可以通过双重胶粘剂使各部件永久接合，形成了内滑配套环5、管道1和外滑配套环12之间的三级或三件接头。该接头的强度和防漏性能非常出色，其另一个优点是，内滑配套环5可用具有出色的耐腐蚀能力的树脂进行加工，以确保结构的整体耐腐蚀能力不会下降。外滑配套环可用具有出色耐火性能的不同的树脂进行加工，但是其可以不具备良好的耐腐蚀能力。
人们可以采用属于本专利申请人的美国专利5,383,994中的替代材料在同一结构中制作出既耐化学物质又耐火的管道***。
图2显示的是一个严格按照Factory Mutual#4922标准进行的管道耐火试验的例子。Factory Mutual Global(FM)公司为价值数十亿美元的工业设备，尤其是半导体工业设备提供保险。Factory Mutual Global制定了自己的标准，用来取代当地的建筑和防火规范。如果一件装置只符合当地的建筑和防火标准而没有通过Factory Mutual Global的认证，那么一旦管道***被烧毁并造成巨额损失时，所有当地规范都不能作为理赔的依据。为了防止管道内部或外部起火所造成的损失，管道必须具有耐火能力。管道的设计和制造必须考虑到耐火和防止潜在的烟尘污染，当管道外部起火时，管道的外表面必须具有耐火功能，以防止火势在工厂内或船舶上蔓延。
一旦管道内部起火，火势将很快在管道内部和/或外部蔓延。但是，可以通过选择适当的材料来控制火势。图2所示的FM#4922标准的试验决定了材料的选择，试验建议并被批准采用半导体工厂无尘车间的排烟管道接口和排烟管道作为试验对象。
半导体无尘车间的情况十分特殊，在设备最初安装时就要避免细微的尘粒，***运行后要保持除尘效果，并且当更换或增添设备时，对原先的管道***的尺寸、位置或定位也要进行相应的更改。
大多数这类排烟管道***规模很大，长度可达2英里(3.2公里)，接头达数千个，并且细的地方直径只有2英寸(5厘米)，宽的地方直径达到10英尺(3米)。毫无疑问，这样的***在最初安装时就要制作几千个接头，以后可能还要再增加几百个。如果采用普通方法，要在距离地面25英尺(7.5米)的地方对管道进行磨砂、调配树脂、浸透玻璃纤维，然后包裹接头将是非常麻烦的工作。
在图2所示的本发明已经通过的Factory Mutual #4922认证试验中，火势在管道内部蔓延的最长距离只有23英尺(7米)，并且通常达不到这一距离，在管道外部，火势蔓延的距离也不超过这一长度。管道内面所释放出的少量烟尘被限制在特定区域内，并随受污染的气流通过湿式涤气器(wet scrubber)被排放出***。管道外部释放的烟尘量非常微小，但是为了保护无尘车间的空气清洁，可进行特殊试验(FM4010)来确定烟尘量。
因此，管道及其接头***必须具有优异的耐化学性、耐火性和极低的烟尘释放量。
管道和接头的设计还必须考虑经济因素，以及卫生和舒适。当工人实地制作管道接头时，如果必须首先磨砂部件，然后用玻璃纤维缠绕，再用气味刺鼻的树脂覆盖，那么不但浪费时间而且不利于安装工人的身体健康。但是，如果外部“覆盖”采用已经预先做好的外滑配套环，而无须进行磨砂和调配树脂等工作，那么工人就不必忍受刺鼻的气味和材料所引起的皮疹，这无疑是更好的方法。
因此，这一新方法不但经济合理，而且卫生、舒适。
例如，如果如图3和图4所示的外滑配套环在管道工厂已经预先做好，即：接头的玻璃纤维层已在车间环境中完成，树脂的适当用量已经确定，固定部件的养护期也已作出了规定，那么在工作现场的工作将非常容易。
如图3和图4所示，外滑配套环12可切割成两半形成抓斗型部件供实地使用。在涂上了不挥发有机化合物树脂之后，只需要将外滑配套环安装在管道1和滑配套环5上即可。化合物树脂的调配比率非常简单，因为依据的是体积而非重量。这种化合物没有刺激性气味，对工人的健康没有危害。外滑配套环12的两半抓斗必须固定在主管道1上，直到树脂凝固。固定的方法有多种，其中最简单的一种是如图4所示，围绕外滑配套环12安装金属夹条13。另外还可以采用类似软管夹的夹条。或者在两半抓斗上各用一个偏心夹，将两半部件固定。还可以使用维可牢(Velcro)夹条。这些用于固定的替代机件有的永久保留，有的在部件牢固之后去除。
如图4所示，安装管道接头的优选实施方式应遵循以下步骤：
步骤一：在内滑配套环5的一面上涂上不挥发有机树脂化合物11，最好是环氧树脂。
步骤二：将内滑配套环5和不挥发有机树脂化合物11***管道1直至中线垫片。在内滑配套环5的相邻一面上涂上不挥发有机树脂化合物11。
步骤三：将相邻管道1安装在内滑配套环5上直至中线垫片。
步骤四：在管道1的外部涂上不挥发有机树脂化合物11，接头涂层的宽度均匀，与外套环12一致。
步骤五：将外套环12安装在接头上，并向内按紧在接头上。
步骤六：用临时夹条13夹紧外套环12，直到外套环12与管道1之间有树脂挤出，将多余的树脂去除。只要能在不挥发有机树脂化合物凝固之前将外套环12固定在适当的位置上，任何工具都可作为临时夹条使用。
步骤七：不挥发有机树脂化合物凝固之后，如果必要，将临时夹条去除。
本发明的另一种替代形式是在管道工厂将内滑配套环5和外套环12完整安装在管道的一端，作为管道1的一体组成部分出厂。在装配整个接头之前，管道1的内、外表面都要涂上不挥发有机树脂化合物。
在本发明的另一形式中，可采用能在水下凝固的树脂在水下固定接头——这一方法有时会在管道***连接作业中用到。
对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明的不同应用形式，以及树脂配方和装置结构的改变仍然包括在本发明的精神实质与应用范围之内。本说明书中的实例对此并不构成任何限制。

Claims (16)

1.一种将具有内、外壁的塑料管道首尾相连的接头装置，本装置包括：
外径比上述管道内壁直径略小的内滑配套环；
内径比上述管道外壁直径略大的外滑配套环；
其中，内滑配套环可安装在相连的管道的内壁之内，外滑配套环可围绕相连管道进行安装，并且内、外滑配套环与管道以胶粘剂接合。
2.根据权利要求1的接头装置，其特征在于，塑料管道包括玻璃纤维材料。
3.根据权利要求2的接头装置，其特征在于，胶粘剂为不挥发有机树脂化合物。
4.根据权利要求1的接头装置，其特征在于，在内、外滑配套环至少其中之一的外壁上围绕着外垫片，将其外表面分成两个相对的部分。
5.根据权利要求2的接头装置，其特征在于，上述管道具有耐火的外表面和耐腐蚀的内表面。
6.根据权利要求5的接头装置，其特征在于，上述内滑配套环涂有同样的耐腐蚀树脂或其他耐腐蚀树脂，至少是耐火树脂。
7.根据权利要求6的接头装置，其特征在于，上述其他树脂包括环氧树脂或热塑树脂。
8.根据权利要求6的接头装置，其特征在于，上述外滑配套环涂有同样的耐火树脂。
9.根据权利要求2的接头装置，其特征在于，上述外滑配套环单独生产，作为成品供使用。
10.根据权利要求2的接头装置，其特征在于，管道的直径可达到120英寸。
11.根据权利要求2的接头装置，其特征在于，外滑配套环分成两半，组成了抓斗型装置。
12.根据权利要求2的接头装置，其特征在于，在连接管道之前，外滑配套环与内滑配套环一同安装在管道上。
13.根据权利要求2的接头装置，其特征在于，本装置的性能达到Factory Mutual#4922的标准。
14.一种将玻璃纤维管道首尾相连的方法，该方法包括：
在每根管道的内部安装内滑配套环，并将其连接；
围绕相连的管道安装外滑配套环；
在此过程中使用胶粘剂，形成双重胶粘密封的三件连接表面。
15.根据权利要求14的方法，其特征在于，胶粘剂为不挥发有机环氧树脂化合物。
16.根据权利要求15的方法，其特征在于，在水下使用环氧树脂。
CNA018063829A 2000-11-13 2001-11-13 塑料管道接头装置 Pending CN1524170A (zh)

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