CN1523398A - Total optical Rb frequency marking method and system - Google Patents
Total optical Rb frequency marking method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN1523398A CN1523398A CNA031404537A CN03140453A CN1523398A CN 1523398 A CN1523398 A CN 1523398A CN A031404537 A CNA031404537 A CN A031404537A CN 03140453 A CN03140453 A CN 03140453A CN 1523398 A CN1523398 A CN 1523398A
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Abstract
The invention is an all-optical Rb frequency standard method and system. The method: firstly, adjusting the pump laser to the wavelength corresponding to Rb D2 line; then modulating semiconductor laser by radio signal to produce optical component needed to excite coherent resonance, and using two proper side bands to excite Rb 0-0 ultrafine coherent resonant transition; when the frequency of fine crystal oscillator deviates, the atomic system outputs a deviation correcting signal to control VCO, to make the VCO return to original frequency. The system is composed of semiconductor laser diode, Rb atomic physical system, optical signal detecting and amplifying device and high-precision constant temperature VCO, which are linked with one another. It uses Rb atomic coherent resonant transition chart line to identify the frequency, and the frequency locking is higher; needs no mechanical exciting system, avoiding the effect of mechanical system; uses commercial fractional laser diode as excitation source.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the semiconductor laser technique field, specifically be meant a kind of total optical Rb frequency marking method and system thereof.
Background technology
Rubidium frequency standard (rubidium atomic frequency standard) is the frequency reference signal source of a kind of high precision, high stability.It utilizes rubidium atomic energy level transition spectral line frequency discrimination, locking high-accuracy and constant temperature and pressure controlled crystal oscillator, make its output frequency can reach very high degree of stability, be applicable to applications such as the net of time, frequency measurement, satnav, radio navigation, digital communication is synchronous and the scientific research of other many aspects and high-level higher education teaching demand.
Traditional rubidium freqnency standard is with the linear absorption line frequency discrimination of rubidium atom, its corresponding spectral line live width broad; Spectrum lamp with the luminous form of high-frequency pole-free discharge excitation rubidium steam bubble is made light excitation source, needs special rubidium lamp and electrodless discharge source; To encourage the microwave signal of transition to act on rubidium absorption dunk with mechanical type microwave cavity; Performance is vulnerable to the influence of physical construction and precision, and bulking value also is restricted.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to solve above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, and a kind of total optical Rb frequency marking method and system thereof are provided.This method frequency locking precision height, system need not to add the mechanical type excitation system, and is inexpensive, body is light.
A kind of total optical Rb frequency marking method of the present invention is characterized in that, earlier by working temperature and injection current control, pumping laser is transferred to the D of Rb
2The wavelength of line correspondence; Again by high-accuracy and constant temperature and pressure controlled crystal oscillator by frequency multiplication, comprehensively produce radiofrequency signal, Modulating Diode Laser, and by λ/4 wave plates, produce and excite the needed σ light component of coherence resonance, the hyperfine coherence resonance transition of 0-0 that excites Rb by two sidebands of modulated laser; With this coherence resonance spectral line as the frequency discrimination signal.Detect the coherence resonance signal, when the generation of high-accuracy and constant temperature and pressure controlled crystal oscillator frequency departs from, rubidium atomic physics system will export a deviation correcting signal and remove to control high-accuracy and constant temperature and pressure controlled crystal oscillator, make it get back to original frequency.Utilize the coherent signal that obtains frequency standard signal can be stabilized on the centre frequency of coherence resonance spectral line, realize required precision and short-term and the long-term frequency stabilization of frequency standard signal.
In order to realize the present invention better, the detection of described coherence resonance signal adopts polarization spectrum to learn a skill, and the variation of the polarization direction that produces during promptly with the atomic system of polarized light a little less than second bundle by coherence resonance detects; The excitation of described rubidium atomic physics system is to utilize small semiconductor laser diode laser to do pump light.
A kind of full optics rubidium frequency standard of the present invention system, it is characterized in that, it is by semiconductor laser diode, rubidium atomic physics system, optical signal detecting, amplifier and high-accuracy and constant temperature and pressure controlled crystal oscillator interconnect composition, its interconnected relationship is: semiconductor laser diode is connected with precision temperature controller and accurate injection current controller respectively, and be connected with rubidium atomic physics system, optical signal detecting, amplifier is connected with high-accuracy and constant temperature and pressure controlled crystal oscillator with rubidium atomic physics system respectively, and be connected with accurate injection current controller, high-accuracy and constant temperature and pressure controlled crystal oscillator also passes through frequency multiplication successively, frequency synthesizer, the mixing frequency multiplier is connected with semiconductor laser diode.
In order to realize the present invention better, the light path system that described rubidium atomic physics system is made of successively linear polarizer, optical power distributor, reverberator, circuit polarizer, constant temperature rubidium steam bubble chamber, analyzer, be surrounded with field coil in constant temperature rubidium steam bubble chamber, field coil also is connected with the field supply control circuit.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage and beneficial effect:
The present invention is with rubidium atomic coberent resonant transition spectral line frequency discrimination, and more refinement is sharp for corresponding frequency discrimination spectral line, and the frequency locking precision can be higher; Radiofrequency signal Direct Modulating Diode Laser with the excited coherent transition is carried out optical pumping, need not to add the mechanical type excitation system, has avoided the mechanical system influence, and favourable minimizing bulking value; With commercialization low-power laser diode is driving source, general, inexpensive, body is light, power consumption is little.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the three level atomic system synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 is a rubidium atomic energy level structural representation;
Fig. 3 is the block diagram of system of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the rubidium atomic physics system architecture synoptic diagram of system of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the block diagram of the accurate injection current controller of system of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the circuit theory diagrams of the accurate injection current controller of system of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the block diagram of system of the present invention precision temperature controller;
Fig. 8 is the circuit theory diagrams of system of the present invention precision temperature controller;
Fig. 9 is the circuit theory diagrams of system of the present invention optical signal detecting, amplifier;
Figure 10 is the circuit theory diagrams of system magnetic field current control circuit of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is done detailed description further.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, a ∧ shape atom three-lever system is if frequency of utilization is ω
13And ω
23Laser make the hyperfine energy level of the ground state of atom | 1＞and | 2＞with the optics energy level | 3＞be coupled together, then at energy level | 1＞and | 2＞between the coherence resonance phenomenon will appear.In addition, modulated by the pulse of υ, and its pulse width τ satisfies ω if employed pumping laser is repeated frequency
12τ≤1 is then whenever n2 π υ=ω
12(n=1 wherein, 2,3 ...) time, each pulse produced relevantly just will strengthen mutually, thus at energy level | 1＞and | 2＞between centre frequency will to occur be ω
12Sharp-pointed coherence resonance, can obtain very narrow resonance line.On atomic frequency standard, utilize this hyperfine coherence resonance, except that can obtain than traditional pumping method narrow the frequency discrimination spectral line of Duoing; Also can be owing to by the radiofrequency signal of excited coherent resonance being resided in entirely among the semiconductor laser of pumping, need not as traditional frequency marking method, carry out optical pumping with the rubidium lamp, and in optical pumping, also must load microwave cavity the radio-frequency (RF) excited field is provided at sample area.
As shown in Figure 3, system of the present invention is a single bubble type optical pumping atomic frequency standard system, is interconnected by semiconductor laser diode 1, rubidium atomic physics system 4, optical signal detecting, amplifier 5 and high-accuracy and constant temperature and pressure controlled crystal oscillator 6 and forms.Wherein, semiconductor laser diode 1 is connected with precision temperature controller 2 and accurate injection current controller 3 respectively, and be connected with rubidium atomic physics system 4, optical signal detecting, amplifier 5 are connected with high-accuracy and constant temperature and pressure controlled crystal oscillator 6 with rubidium atomic physics system 4 respectively, and be connected with accurate injection current controller 3, high-accuracy and constant temperature and pressure controlled crystal oscillator 6 also is connected with semiconductor laser diode 1 by frequency multiplication, frequency synthesizer 7, mixing frequency multiplier 8 successively.Precision temperature controller 2 is used to make the output services of semiconductor laser in rubidium atom D with accurate injection current controller 3
2The centre wavelength of line.By the frequency signal of high-accuracy and constant temperature and pressure controlled crystal oscillator 6 outputs, be added on the semiconductor laser diode 1 through comprehensive, frequency multiplication, the atom that is used for Modulating Diode Laser de-energisation rubidium atomic physics system 4 produces resonant transition.This resonant transition spectral line is used as the frequency discrimination signal.When the frequency of high-accuracy and constant temperature and pressure controlled crystal oscillator 6 departs from owing to reason such as aging produces, through the center that frequency comprehensive, frequency multiplication will depart from spectral line, at this moment rubidium atomic physics system 4 will export a deviation correcting signal.This signal removes to control high-accuracy and constant temperature and pressure controlled crystal oscillator 6 through Photoelectric Detection, amplification, makes its output get back to original frequency.
As shown in Figure 4, the light path system that rubidium atomic physics system 4 is made of successively linear polarizer 9, optical power distributor 10, reverberator 11, circuit polarizer 12, constant temperature rubidium steam bubble chamber 13, analyzer 14, be surrounded with field coil 15 in constant temperature rubidium steam bubble chamber 13, field coil 15 also is connected with field supply control circuit 16.
As shown in Figure 5, accurate injection current controller 3 by filter circuit of pressure-stabilizing 17, start current stabilization circuit 18, laser tube holding circuit 19, high-precision voltage reference circuit 20, differential amplifier circuit 21, modulation input circuit 22, gating circuit 23 and sampling slowly and amplify feedback circuit 24 and form.
As shown in Figure 6, NF is a noise filter of eliminating the electrical network surge.R101, R102 are respectively voltage dependent resistor (VDR) and the 27V low voltage varistors of 470V/1KA, and T101 is the 15V transformer, and B101 is the rectifier bridge of 100V/2A.C101, C102, U101 (W7815), C103 constitutes three-terminal voltage-stabilizing.C104, L101, C105 constitutes filtering circuit.R103, C106, Q101, C107 constitutes the current stabilization circuit of startup slowly of semiconductor laser diode.C108～C113, L102 constitutes second level filtering circuit.W101, R130 form a fixing accurate reference voltage, form the adjustable high precision voltage reference circuit with U101, U102, P103, P104 and R131～R134, C114, C115.U103, U104, U105 and R106～R120, C116～C122 are an improvement direct current differential amplifier (differential amplifier circuit).U106, R122～R124 and C123, C125 are phase inverter, and U107, R125～R130 and C126, C127 are a totalizer.U109 is an amplifier, and U108 and Q102 constitute voltage-controlled continuous current circuit, control flow through Q102, also be the electric current of laser diode.Z301 is the reverse protection diode.Semiconductor laser diode is made up of built in light electric diode PD in laser diode LD itself and the pipe.R136 is the pull-up resistor of the built-in Si photodiode of LD.
As shown in Figure 7, precision temperature controller 2 is made up of square wave generation circuit 25, bridge-type temperature sensing circuit 26, differential amplifier circuit 27, phase-sensitive detection circuit 28, low-pass filter circuit 29, PID electronic automatic control circuit 30, comparison, driving circuit 31 and electrothermal transducer TEC32.
As shown in Figure 8, crystal oscillator and U204, C201, C202, R201 form square wave generation circuit device, and its output is coupled on the bridge-type temperature sensing circuit of being made up of R202, R203, P202 (accurate multiturn potentiometer) and temperature sensor R262 through C203.C204, C205 play coupling.U201, U202, U203 and related resistors R204～R210, capacitor C 206～C214 form improved differential amplifier circuit.U204, U215, U212, U216 form phase-locked amplifying circuit.R223, C218 form low-pass filter.U207, R234～R239, C222～C225 form integrator; U208, R240～R244, C226～C228 form differentiator; U209, R245～R250 and C229, C230 proportion of composing device; Ratio, integration, differential signal are added by totalizer U210 and form the PID electronic automatic control circuit together.U211, Q201, Q202, Q203 and Q204 ratio of components, driving circuit, go to control the duty (heating or refrigeration) of semiconductor cooler (electrothermal transducer).
As shown in Figure 9, optical signal detecting, amplifier 5 are made up of photoelectric tube, prime amplifier and active filter circuit.
As shown in figure 10, field supply control circuit 16 is made up of through constant voltage D501, D502 and Current Regulation W501 power supply.
Frequency multiplication, frequency synthesizer 7 and mixing frequency multiplier 8 adopt the AD9854 chip of ANALOG DEVICES company, and this chip external circuits system directly adopts the recommendation circuit of the said firm.High-accuracy and constant temperature and pressure controlled crystal oscillator 6 adopts the Second Academy of national Ministry of Aerospace Industry crystal oscillator chamber product.Working power is a multiple power source, output ± 15V respectively, ± 12V ,+12V ,+5V.The selection standard of semiconductor laser diode 1 is that single longitudinal mode, miniwatt, nominal wavelength are D
2The wavelength of line correspondence.
In concrete application process, system of the present invention each several part and power supply are linked, each several part is powered.Miniwatt semiconductor laser diode 1 is connected to precision temperature controller 2 and accurate injection current controller 3 and rubidium atomic physics system 4, regulate the working temperature and the injection current of laser tube, make miniwatt semiconductor laser diode 1 laser through accurate current stabilization thermostatic control to required operation wavelength, with this laser radiation rubidium atomic physics system 4, can encourage the optical power level transition of required rubidium atom.Again rubidium atomic physics system 4, frequency multiplication, frequency synthesizer 7, mixing frequency multiplier 8, high-accuracy and constant temperature and pressure controlled crystal oscillator 6 are linked, make constant-temperature high-precision VCXO output produce required rf excitation signal, and be input to this signal and modulate semiconductor diode laser in 1 through comprehensive, mixing, frequency multiplication; Produce the hyperfine coherence resonance transition of 0-0 with this laser pumping rubidium atomic gas.Make the output frequency that error signal locks crystal oscillator with this transition signal, obtain the frequency standard signal of high precision, high stable.
As mentioned above, can realize the present invention preferably.
Claims (5)
1. a total optical Rb frequency marking method is characterized in that, earlier by working temperature and injection current control, pumping laser is transferred to the D of Rb
2The wavelength of line correspondence; Again by high-accuracy and constant temperature and pressure controlled crystal oscillator by frequency multiplication, comprehensively produce radiofrequency signal, Modulating Diode Laser, and by λ/4 wave plates, produce and excite the needed σ light component of coherence resonance, the hyperfine coherence resonance transition of 0-0 that excites Rb by two sidebands of modulated laser; With this coherence resonance spectral line as the frequency discrimination signal, detect the coherence resonance signal, when the generation of high-accuracy and constant temperature and pressure controlled crystal oscillator frequency departs from, rubidium atomic physics system will export a deviation correcting signal and remove to control high-accuracy and constant temperature and pressure controlled crystal oscillator, make it get back to original frequency.
2. a kind of total optical Rb frequency marking method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the detection of described coherence resonance signal adopts polarization spectrum to learn a skill, and the variation of the polarization direction that produces during promptly with the atomic system of polarized light a little less than second bundle by coherence resonance detects.
3. a kind of total optical Rb frequency marking method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the excitation of described rubidium atomic physics system is to utilize small semiconductor laser diode laser to do pump light.
4. full optics rubidium frequency standard system, it is characterized in that, it is by semiconductor laser diode, rubidium atomic physics system, optical signal detecting, amplifier and high-accuracy and constant temperature and pressure controlled crystal oscillator interconnect composition, its interconnected relationship is: semiconductor laser diode is connected with precision temperature controller and accurate injection current controller respectively, and be connected with rubidium atomic physics system, optical signal detecting, amplifier is connected with high-accuracy and constant temperature and pressure controlled crystal oscillator with rubidium atomic physics system respectively, and be connected with accurate injection current controller, high-accuracy and constant temperature and pressure controlled crystal oscillator also passes through frequency multiplication successively, frequency synthesizer, the mixing frequency multiplier is connected with semiconductor laser diode.
5. a kind of full optics rubidium frequency standard according to claim 4 system, it is characterized in that, the light path system that described rubidium atomic physics system is made of successively linear polarization, optical power distributor, reverberator, circuit polarizer, constant temperature rubidium steam bubble chamber, analyzer, be surrounded with field coil in constant temperature rubidium steam bubble chamber, field coil also is connected with the field supply control circuit.
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| CN 03140453 CN1252511C (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2003-09-05 | Total optical Rb frequency marking method and system |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03140453 CN1252511C (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2003-09-05 | Total optical Rb frequency marking method and system |
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| CN1252511C CN1252511C (en) | 2006-04-19 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101846965A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2010-09-29 | 北京大学 | Method for pumping rubidium bubble for outputting standard frequency by lamp pump rubidium gas laser and rubidium atomic clock |
| CN103326718A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-09-25 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Radio frequency chain of rubidium frequency scale |
| CN103391097A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2013-11-13 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | Oscillating device and electronic apparatus |
| CN103605086A (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2014-02-26 | 清华大学 | A freely-extensible magnet measuring system based on a fiber electro-optical modulator |
| CN103969604A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-06 | 华南师范大学 | Radio-frequency atom magnetometer and method for measuring nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal by same |
-
2003
- 2003-09-05 CN CN 03140453 patent/CN1252511C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101846965A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2010-09-29 | 北京大学 | Method for pumping rubidium bubble for outputting standard frequency by lamp pump rubidium gas laser and rubidium atomic clock |
| CN103391097A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2013-11-13 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | Oscillating device and electronic apparatus |
| CN103391097B (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2016-06-01 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | Oscillation device and electronic installation |
| CN103326718A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-09-25 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Radio frequency chain of rubidium frequency scale |
| CN103326718B (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2016-03-02 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | A kind of rf chain of rubidium frequency standard |
| CN103605086A (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2014-02-26 | 清华大学 | A freely-extensible magnet measuring system based on a fiber electro-optical modulator |
| CN103605086B (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2016-04-06 | 清华大学 | A kind of based on fiber electro-optic modulator can spread magnetic measurement system |
| CN103969604A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-06 | 华南师范大学 | Radio-frequency atom magnetometer and method for measuring nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal by same |
| CN103969604B (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2017-03-15 | 华南师范大学 | Radio frequency atomic magnetometer and its method for measurement NMR signal |
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|---|---|
| CN1252511C (en) | 2006-04-19 |
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Granted publication date: 20060419 Termination date: 20100905 |