CN1522914A - Automatic adjusting method for static weight sensing of empty and loaded freight car - Google Patents

Abstract

The static weight-measuring load empty automatic regulation method disclosed by said invention is applicable to load empty automatic regulation equipment for railway wagon. Its structure is formed from two portions, one portion of which is pressure speed control switch device, and another portion is weight-measuring regulating memory device. The pressure speed control switch portion can be used for cutting the influence produced by relieving brake of running train on the memory device, and the weight-measuring regulating memory portion can be used for measuring weight and regulating memory. Said invented method can basically eliminate the influence on weight-measuring accuracy by wagon system vibration.

Description

Static weight empty and load automatic adjusting method

Technical field

The present invention is applicable to the adjustment device of empty weight/heavy weight of railway cargo vehicles.

Background technology

The braking ratio of railway vehicle is the sign of car brakeing ability.Car brakeing rate (train braking rate) representation unit vehicle (train) brake shoe pressure that weight had.Braking ratio produces the one of the main reasons of vertical dynamic action (impact) when the uneven distribution of train length's direction is train braking.Empty and load brake equipment occurs for the adjustment problem that solves braking ratio.Usually it is that the adjustment of brake-cylinder pressure is carried out in different load-carryings according to vehicle, makes that the brake-cylinder pressure that is obtained by adjustment is different with the difference of vehicle load, thereby obtains consistent as far as possible braking ratio.The method of adjustment of empty and load brake equipment has two kinds usually: a kind of is hand adjustment, and another kind is an automatic compensation.Hand adjustment is finished by the people, and waste of manpower on the one hand easily causes Lou mediation mistuning, only carries out two-stage adjustment (China promptly so) on the other hand usually, makes vehicle be difficult to obtain the braking ratio of unanimity.The leakage mediation mistuning that the human element of automatic compensation can eliminating on the one hand causes also can be carried out two-stage, multistage or stepless adjustment simultaneously.Automatically, the development of stepless empty and load brake equipment and exploitation are urgent task.Along with the speed-raising of China's freight train and the operation of heavy haul train, this is the essential problem that solves.The present invention proposes a kind of new static weight empty and load automatic adjusting method, to solve this difficult problem.

Summary of the invention

The structure of static weight empty and load automatic adjusting method of the present invention is made up of two parts.A part is a pressure speed control switch device, and another part is that check weighing is adjusted memory unit.To the influence of memory unit, promptly operating alleviation is check weighing not when alleviating behind the operating train braking of the partly responsible cut-out of pressure speed control switch; Check weighing is adjusted memory section and then is responsible for check weighing and adjusts memory, check weighing when realizing that train is alleviated before operation, and the result that will record remembers, and each car just can memory based result's acquisition and the braking ratio that adapts of vehicle load during train braking.Moving method for measuring weight in the past is in whole braking procedure, and the contact glancing impact on the check weighing piston rod contacts with bolster all the time, and the upper end of bar is the break-make (400B) of control plunger and the valve of living again, and break-make must be subjected to the influence of Vehicular system vibration.As with the moving expert of six digit systems such as the researcher Sha Maoshi of railway research institute (Chinese railway association on December 27th, 1999 in " scientific worker's suggestion ", total 116 phases) pointed: " performance of automatic regulating apparatus precision with its check weighing system on sizable degree is relevant, and especially dynamic check weighing precision is even more important.At present, the check weighing of China's Truck Empty-weight State, all adopt the indirect check weighing method (moving check weighing) of measuring pillow spring or journal box spring amount of deflection, change 8A type bogie truck (other also are like this) for China's principal mode lorry, the data of its check weighing precision, dynamic change and existing car test are less under different load-carrying operating modes, that is to say, can not from measure the pillow spring is described behavioral characteristics to the influence of check weighing, can not understand the dynamic response situation of its characteristic again from amount.We really do not know the actual techniques level of the automatic regulating apparatus of having developed so far, and whether its performance meets the needs of." Ministry of Railways fortune loading truck announced " rail freight stepless adjustment device of empty weight/heavy weight technical requirements (provisional) " for [2002] No. 102 again; and point out; " weaken the influence of Vehicular vibration to it ", the KZW series of products of institute of iron section also clearly propose and will " reduce or alleviate vehicle operating and vibrate the influence that brings as far as possible.”

Static weight is then different, and this method is a check weighing when alleviating before train operation.The vehicle load difference, the amount of deflection of pillow spring is also different.Therefore, according to the amount of deflection of different pillow springs, the check weighing contact runs to different positions when check weighing, alleviates the check weighing that finishes and finishes, and contact returns, and disengages with bolster, and measured result is remembered.Glancing impact then obtains different brake-cylinder pressures according to difference memory result in the train operation, thereby realizes automatic, the stepless adjustment of brake-cylinder pressure, has guaranteed the conformability of car brakeing rate, reaches to reduce the purpose of impacting.This static weight method has fundamentally been eliminated the influence of Vehicular system vibration to the check weighing precision.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing of the present invention is the structural representation of static weight adjustment device of empty weight/heavy weight.

The specific embodiment

The concrete working process of this method of adjustment can describe by several representative type states.

During empty wagons, the train alleviation that puts on the air, be responsible for supercharging, the pressure of auxiliary reservoir pressure air raises with being responsible for air pressure, when being raised to certain value, make the pressure air of auxiliary reservoir through 2/2-way valve A admission velocity control cock, speed control valve is in connected state, enter two-bit triplet pressure-gradient control valve B again, enter the check weighing centering device of adjusting memory unit then.In the pressure uphill process, make on the position of the memory fulcrum of originally being remembered to move on to topmost.Pressure further raises, and begins to carry out check weighing, moves down then make the check weighing centering device drive the memory fulcrum, until contact is contacted with bolster, can not move down again.The very fast rising of pressure makes pressure-gradient control valve B action will to enter the pressure air exhaust to atmosphere of check weighing rebuilt valve.Under the restoring spring effect, contact returns, and disengaging contacts with bolster, and the memory position of the fulcrum is remembered.Because of being empty wagons, so remember fulcrum in the position, the top of setting range, glancing impact obtains minimum brake-cylinder pressure.

During loaded vehicle the working process of this device fully as mentioned above, for no other reason than that be loaded vehicle at this moment, so pillow spring amount of compression maximum, the check weighing rebuilt valve will remember the lowest positions that fulcrum moves to setting range, glancing impact then obtains the highest required brake-cylinder pressure at this moment.

For any cargo-carring vehicle, its working process is also identical, just the memory fulcrum of this moment moves to and rests the head on the corresponding point of spring amount of deflection, brake-cylinder pressure when making brake-cylinder pressure that glancing impact obtains greater than empty wagons, but the brake-cylinder pressure during simultaneously again less than loaded vehicle is because the memory fulcrum of this moment is remembered in the middle of the position of the fulcrum when empty wagons and loaded vehicle.

This shows, can obtain and the corresponding brake-cylinder pressure of vehicle load by this device, thereby obtain consistent braking ratio, the braking when reducing car brakeing is impacted.From then on Zhuan Zhi working process as can be seen, in train operation and braking procedure, contact does not contact all the time with bolster, thereby the check weighing precision is not subjected to the influence of Vehicular system vibration.

Train operation is a very complicated process, but basic operation also is conspicuous, promptly alleviates operation, stopping-down.But in train operation, when particularly the ramp was moved, at this moment vehicle also had braking to take place, and the running velocity with the control train satisfies the requirement of train operation speed limit.The minimum speed of train operation is a jogging speed, promptly 5 kilometers/hour, and the design-calculated speed control valve just with this speed as critical speed.When being higher than 5 kilometers/hour operations, can make speed control valve produce action, make the cut-out of getting in touch between auxiliary reservoir and the check weighing valve.When braking back in the train operation was alleviated, train speed was all more than 5 kilometers/hour, so can not be communicated with the check weighing result who is remembered in the time of can not influencing the train alleviation between auxiliary reservoir and the check weighing valve.

The train braking process is from initial speed at brake application, and till the stationary vehicle, this is a complete braking procedure at last.When train deceleration during to the critical speed that is lower than 5 kilometers/hour, speed control valve makes auxiliary reservoir and check weighing adjust valve to be communicated with gradually along with the decline of speed.Under this situation, because the minimum decompression amount during train braking is 50Kpa, any actv. decompression amount all is greater than this value, and therefore when normal brake application reduce pressure, pressure-gradient control valve A will cut off auxiliary reservoir and check weighing adjustment valve is issuable and get in touch.

In sum, train is any in service, can both keep the result that records, and provides corresponding brake-cylinder pressure according to different check weighing values, realizes stepless automatic empty and load adjustment.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of static weight empty and load automatic adjusting method: it is characterized in that its structure is made up of two parts, a part is a pressure speed control switch device, and another part is that check weighing is adjusted memory unit; To the influence of memory unit, promptly operating alleviation is check weighing not when alleviating behind the operating train braking of the partly responsible cut-out of pressure speed control switch; Check weighing is adjusted memory section and then is responsible for check weighing and adjusts memory, check weighing when realizing that train is alleviated before operation, and the result that will record remembers, and each car just can memory based result's acquisition and the braking ratio that adapts of vehicle load during train braking.