A kind of remote video frequency image monitoring system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of video frequency graphic monitoring system, be mainly used in the video image of monitoring remote transmission.
Background technology
Present employed monitoring transmission method is common following several mode:
1, optical cable transmission means
The major advantage of this mode is: (1) transmission range is long, because the loss of optical cable in transmission course is very low, the decay that general monomode fiber is every kilometer has only about 1% of video coaxial cable, thereby analog optical fiber multi-channel television transmission system can realize the non-relay transmission of 20KM; (2) transmission capacity is big, and in general, an optical fiber can transmit tens tunnel vision signals simultaneously, if adopt multi-core fiber, then capacity can be doubled and redoubled; (3) the transmission quality height utilizes Optical Fiber Transmission, owing to need not to add relay amplifier, thereby do not have noise and nonlinear distortion, and add the strong anti-interference performance of fibre system, thereby guaranteed signal transmission quality; (4) security performance is good, because the good confidentiality of optical fiber multi-channel television transmission system, transmission signals is difficult for being stolen, and is applicable in the secrecy system therefore and uses that simultaneously, Optical Fiber Transmission is not subjected to electromagnetic interference, also is suitable for having in the environment of strong electromagnetic and electromagnetic radiation; (5) lay conveniently because that optical cable has is thin and light, turning radius is little, anticorrosive, be not afraid of tide, temperature coefficient is little, be not afraid of advantage such as thunder and lightning, think that the laying work of optical cable has brought very big convenience.Although optical cable has above these tangible advantages, but in general video monitoring engineering, still seldom adopt, this is because there is also some distinctive problems, such as: cost is very high, be not only because the cost height of optical cable itself, but also it is very high to come from the cost of the optical transceiver that matches.In addition, in optical cable transmission system, also need a lot of optional equipments, as, optical multiplexer, optical branching filter, electronic type optical switch, optical attenuator, optical isolator or the like cause the equipment disposition of whole system very complicated, and technical difficulty is just much higher relatively.In addition, the interfacing of optical cable also is a severely restricts factor at present.So the optical cable transmission means relatively is fit to do the transport vehicle of basic routing line, especially be fit to use in the trunk system of big system of long distance, there is not any meaning for general video monitoring system.
2, radio frequency transmission mode
In video monitoring system, when transmission range is far when needing again to transmit multiway images simultaneously, also adopt RF-wise sometimes, its basic principle is: vision signal is transmitted to a certain rf channel through modulators modulate.Its advantage is: (1) transmission range can be far; (2) some index distortion is very little in the transmission course, is fit to the long-distance transmissions colour signal; (3) one transmission lines (coaxial cables of 75 Ω) can transmit the multi-channel rf picture signal.Its shortcoming is: need to increase transmission equipments such as modulator, blender, circuit wide-band amplifier, demodulator, and these equipment can bring distorted signals in various degree, and produce interference signals such as cross (talk) modulation and inter-modulation mutually, simultaneously, when the video camera of far-end not unidirectional the time, also need plurality of transmission lines that each road radiofrequency signal is sent to a certain place of concentrating relatively, after blender mixes, be sent to control centre again, can increase cost greatly like this with a cable.In addition, in certain areas or the location,, also may produce mutual interference mutually, therefore on policy, can be subjected to the intervention and the restriction of national departments concerned with the signal of broadcast television signal or cable TV if broadcast television signal is stronger.
3, utilize the transmission means of telephone wire
Several years ago, had both at home and abroad and utilized telephone wire to carry out the remote transmission mode of image, its advantage is not limited by space-time, as long as there is a telephone wire all can carry out the transmission of image, as, the video telephone that grows up on this basis.But its shortcoming also is conspicuous, because the smaller bandwidth of telephone wire, image is after digitalization compressed is handled, can't obtain real-time laser propagation effect, the speed of its transmission is general the fastest just can not to surpass for 15 frame/seconds yet, and as through the INTERNET Network Transmission, then in fact speed often have only 5-6 frame/second, show that cartoon phenomenon and mosaic phenomenon can compare seriously on the picture, therefore can't satisfy general monitoring requirement.In some special field, the telephone wire transmission means has its certain use value.
4, video baseband transmission mode
This is the more a kind of method that adopts at present, mainly adopts the video coaxial cable.The advantage of this transmission means is: transmission system is simple, and distortion is little within the specific limits, and additional noise low (the signal to noise ratio height of system just) needn't increase equipment such as modulator, demodulator.But also there is significant disadvantages in this mode: (1) cost is than higher, with the transmission of one line video signal is example, if use the video coaxial cable of 75 Ω-5, then every meter is at least about 1.20 yuan, in order to solve the attenuation problem of vision signal in transmission course, need signal amplifier be installed between 300-400M in addition, the cost of Zeng Jiaing is every meter about 1.00 yuan thus, both additions, only the transmission of one line vision signal then needs 2.2 yuan; (2) extensibility is relatively poor, because video coaxial cable can only the transmission of one line video signal, and is point-to-point direct-connected, and position following as that will increase video camera or change video camera will be very difficult; (3) in the transmission of long distance, reliability will face great challenge.Transmission range as a certain road picture signal is 2 kilometers, then will have at least 5 signal amplifiers on this road video coaxial cable, as long as one of them signal amplifier breaks down, will cause the serious decline even the paralysis of this road picture quality so; (4) maintaining is relatively more difficult, in the transmission course of long distance, the video coaxial cable must have joint and occur, perhaps following in case the circuit damage occurs, also can produce new joint, and the connection of video coaxial cable is cumbersome, and handling badly will influence shield effectiveness, and this is to having brought bigger difficulty in the maintaining; (5) vision cable of this method can only the transmission of one line vision signal, because its line footpath is thicker, so when many cables lay together, can increase the difficulty of construction.This method can adopt under video camera and the not far situation of control centre's distance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of remote video frequency image monitoring system, solved serious distortion of the insurmountable remote transmission signal of ordinary video cable and the electromagnetic interference problem under the complex industrial environment.The stable performance of native system machine particularly greatly reduces the engineering comprehensive cost, has practical widely prospect.
For achieving the above object, remote video frequency image monitoring system provided by the invention is made up of video camera, image emissions device, picture receiver and watch-dog.Image emissions device and picture receiver adopt central processing unit (CPU) to carry out signal processing, use the twisted-pair feeder transmission signals each other.Specifically, the TV signal of video camera output in reflector through after straight processing, sending into two amplifiers of CPU respectively, be converted into one positive one negative differential signal (balanced signal), after amplification, amplitude limit etc. are handled, export, transfer to the receiver of Surveillance center through general twisted-pair power cable.The suffered interference in transmission of the signal of twisted-pair feeder is identical, owing to be differential signal, difference is constant between signal, has eliminated the image fault that various interference bring.At receiver in-phase end and the end of oppisite phase of importing the CPU amplifier after the differential signal coupling respectively, the synthetic single-end video signals (non-equilibrium signal) that becomes again, after suitable RC lag compensation is improved frequency range, amplification to improve driving force every directly outputing to the control room.When line design as long as in whole sub-district, several convergence points are set, emit with the multiply twisted-pair feeder to each convergence point, be connected on each control point by convergence point again, adopt one or more video camera by the control room.When adopting multiple cameras, can use multicore multiple twin shielding conductor transmission signals.
In order to increase transmission range, between image emissions device and picture receiver, set up relay station.
The reflector that the present invention is used and the price of receiver are more much lower than the price of long-distance cable, so this mode is fit to the long-distance video transmission manner very much.And engineering construction, maintaining are also very convenient simple.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a system configuration schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a transmission system block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the video transmitter electrical schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the video receiver electrical schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
For more being expressly understood technical characterictic of the present invention, also be described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with embodiment below.Need to prove that specific embodiment described below just is used for illustrating the present invention, does not limit protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment
See also Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.The present invention inputs to image emissions device 2 by video camera 1 with vision signal.Video camera can be various models, and what this example adopted is Sony's video camera, adopts 4 altogether.The vision signal that collects is composite video signal (non-equilibrium signal), simultaneously 4 road camera signals is input in the reflector 2 with 8 core multiple twin shielding conductors.
Please, be the electrical schematic diagram of reflector 2 of the present invention in conjunction with consulting Fig. 3.The movement of reflector 2 adopts central processing unit (CPU) that vision signal is handled.The CPU that this example adopts is a LM61811N series, and concrete model can be LM6181IM or LM6181IN, and this example adopts LM6181IM.Image is converted into vision signal after the front-end camera collection, output is by delivering to transmitter input end behind the coaxial cable, and signal is through electrochemical capacitor C
31After straight, through capacitor C
32Amplitude limit, an end directly insert chip 2 pin (amplifier 1 in-phase input end), and the other end is through build-out resistor R
316 pin (amplifier 2 in-phase input ends) are inserted in the back, and this signal coexists, and CPU is interior to be exported by 9 pin and 13 pin after amplification, amplitude limit etc. are handled, and signal is respectively through two resistance R
32, R
33Constitute negative feedback with amplifier, at last through two capacitor C
33, C
34Every straight output, this moment, signal transferred differential signal to, transferred to the receiver 4 of Surveillance center through general twisted-pair power cable such as category-5 cable (3 among Fig. 1).The suffered interference in transmission of the signal of twisted-pair feeder 3 is identical, owing to be differential signal, difference is constant between signal, has eliminated the image fault that various interference bring.
Please, be receiver 4 electrical schematic diagrams of the present invention in conjunction with consulting Fig. 4.It is movement that receiver 4 adopts the CPU identical with reflector 2.The differential signal of twisted-pair feeder 3 transmission reaches the receiver input from the reflector output by twisted-pair feeder, and two paths of signals is respectively through two electrochemical capacitor C
41, C
42Every straight and two resistance R
41, R
42After the coupling, differential signal 1 input chip 2 pin (amplifier 1 in-phase input end), differential signal 2 input 6 pin (amplifier 2 in-phase input ends), the end of oppisite phase of two amplifiers links to each other with a variable appearance retardance post-compensators, be used for eliminating the wave impedance that produces in the different distance, electric capacity coarse adjustment, resistor trimming.Pass through amplifier 1 composite signal at last, through resistance R
43After the coupling, through capacitor C
43After straight, and through capacitor C
44The signal that connects shielding ground forms vision signal jointly and outputs to video switcher 5 in the control desk.
For transmission line, if the characteristic impedance of signal output impedance and transmission line does not match, have portion of energy reflection, may cause reflection hot-tempered sound, burr, crosstalk, influence such as jump.In the circuit of the present invention, because the coaxial cable impedance is 75 Ω, so 75 Ω resistors match are all adopted in the output of the input of reflector and receiver end; And the input of the output of reflector and receiver, its build-out resistor is then calculated by following formula and is obtained:
In the formula: the h dielectric thickness; T copper cash thickness; e
rDielectric constant; The w live width.
The major technique of reflector and receiver is as follows in this routine described video frequency graphic monitoring system:
1, video transmitter
Maximum input level: 2V
P-PComposite video signal
Standard incoming level: 1V
P-PComposite video signal
Input impedance: 75 Ω imbalances
Balance output level: 0~4V
P-PAdjustable
Uneven output level: 0~1V
P-P
Balance output resistance: 120 Ω
Uneven output resistance: 75 Ω
Frequency response: 10Hz~11HzW ± 3dB
Preposition amplification: 1.2dB during 2MHz
2.0dB during 3MHz
2.6dB during 4MHz
9.0 ± 1dB during 5MHz
Signal to noise ratio:>54dB
Power supply: AC180~250V50Hz
Size: 298 * 196 * 67mm
Power consumption :≤3.5W
Operating ambient temperature: below-10 ℃~+ 50 ℃
Operational environment humidity :≤70%
2, video receiver
Maximum input level: 4V
P-PComposite video signal
Standard incoming level: 2V
P-PComposite video signal
Input impedance: 60~160 Ω are adjustable
Output level: 1V
P-PAdjustable ± 6dB
Frequency response: 10Hz~5MHz ± 3dB
Monochrome television signal: 2000 meters 5.0MHz
2500 meters 2.5MHz
Colour TV signal: 1500m (high frequency preemphasis)
Clamper: mean value
Frequency compensation: low frequency 1kHz~0.5MHz, 0~20dB
Intermediate frequency 0.5MHz~2MHz, 0~40dB
High frequency 2MHz~5MHz, 0~60dB
Size: 298 * 190 * 67mm
Operating ambient temperature :-10~+ 50 ℃
Operational environment humidity :≤70%
The video frequency graphic monitoring system that this example provides need not relaying in the distance of 1.5KM amplifies, and surpasses the distance of 1.5KM as long as suitably add thick line directly, and transmission range then installs a repeater additional when surpassing 2KM.
According to the above, the present invention has the advantage of the following aspects:
1, greatly reduces line cost.Be example with the transmission of one line video signal equally, according to measuring and calculating, every meter line cost is about 1.05 yuan, saves more than one times than video coaxial cable.
2, extensibility is more intense.Adopt the transmission means of multiple twin shielding conductor, several convergence points are set when line design as long as in whole sub-district, emit with the multiply twisted-pair feeder to each convergence point by the control room, be connected on each control point by convergence point again, it is very easy that the increase of so following camera position or change can become, also reserved enough spaces, guaranteed the mutual coordination that following supervisory control system and whole industrial park are built for the development of system in future.
3, more stable reliable.Need not relaying in the distance of 1.5KM amplifies, surpass in the not enough 2KM of 1.5KM, as long as suitably add the thick line footpath, surpass 2KM and then install an image transmitter additional, but this image transmitter is different from video amplifier, reliability is more intense, and only need install one additional in 3KM, and therefore the probability that breaks down has just greatly reduced.