CN1462828A - Vegetative covering method using multiple dimension soil dessing for greening vertical plane of stonewall - Google Patents
Vegetative covering method using multiple dimension soil dessing for greening vertical plane of stonewall Download PDFInfo
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Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
A method for planting the plant on the vertical rock wall in quarry includes preparing slope surface, arranging anchor rods on the slope surface, arranging the plant growing lattice, arranging composite nutritive bags and nutritive bowls, spreading net on the slope surface, sowing the seeds of proper bush, tree, grass and vine plant, and spray irrigation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to greening technique and environmental protection technical field.Be specifically related to a kind of multidimensional soil moved in to improve the original technology and vegetation combination planting technology of utilizing and the cliff facade carried out vegetation is reclaimed and the vegetation landscape reconstruction methods.
Background technology
Eighties of last century is since the eighties, and along with China's rapid economy development, every construction project starts in succession, for the thriving demand of constructional materials, particularly various stone materials, impels various places to build many quarry.Though the needs of economic construction development have been satisfied in numerous quarry, but because exhaustive exploitation, multiple green hysteresis, the environment and the social concern of a series of sternnesses have been produced also therefrom, as cause soil erosion, generation environment pollution, destruction civic landscape etc., continuous development of society economy has been constituted serious threat.
In view of the quarry to ecological, environment and economic having a strong impact on, countries in the world have all given great attention to the regulation of quarry.Because problems such as exploitation facade ubiquity facade height, the gradient are steep, no soil layer, easy leaching, vegetation difficulty, plant growth environment are exceedingly odious, it is the emphasis and the international difficult problem of quarry improvement of the ecological environment that the facade cliff is reclaimed always.At present, for the greening of facade cliff, mainly contain the linked network spray and mix method and dibbling vine method, key is the selection collocation and the on the spot improvement in habitat of the suitable biological species of facade cliff.Domestic some exploratory object of construction production of also having carried out, mainly concentrate on Delta of the Pearl River area and Yangtze River Delta Region, but generally speaking, ubiquity the cliff facade on the spot the habitat improve not obvious, the plant growing development is difficult for, structure of community is simple, group form unstable, self is difficult, view is hard to carry on and the high enterprise of cost, be difficult to problem such as operation, thereby be difficult to apply on a large scale.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of economic and practical multidimensional soil moved in to improve the original vegetation method that is used for the cliff facade greening, reclaim with the vegetation that is applied to quarry or cliff facade, this method can not carried out on the basis of big remodeling massif, be able to the cliff facade is on the spot necessarily improved in the habitat, and form suitable that give birth to, the tool self-developing ability, tall phytobiocoenose of irritating the wild vetch combination thereon.
The inventive method comprises following two aspects: 1) be used to improve the on the spot multidimensional soil moved in to improve the original technology in habitat of cliff facade, comprise that soil moved in to improve the original sprays cloth, intersecting parallels is planted and given birth to band, compound nutritional bag and nutrition cup comprehensively, form the plant growing soil moved in to improve the original environment that point-line-surface combines at the cliff facade.2) be used for the vegetation combination planting technology that planting is suitable for cliff facade growing plants group, comprise that grass irritates vegetable seeds and sow grass seeds by duster, plant and give birth to the long beak sesbania and the iron net mesh of establishing plantation arbor+liana+suffruticose high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing in herbaceous plant seeds and rhizome, the compound nutritional bag in the band and transplant band nutrition cup seedling, thereby on the cliff facade of habitat improvement, form the phytobiocoenose of suitable filling wild vetch that give birth to, tall combination.
Technical scheme of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1) finishing is domatic: the float stone on the cleaning cliff facade, repair domaticly, and in case of necessity facade is handled out groove, the hollow of certain density and specification;
2) anchor pole: carry out anchor pole with indented bars on the cliff facade, anchorage depth is decided according to facade parent rock character and local climate situation, and general 1.0-2.0m, anchor pole arrange and be criss-cross that spacing is 2.0-3.0m in length and breadth;
3) arrange to plant and give birth to band: the planting of green material and herbaceous plant seeds or rhizome of planting that soil, peat, long-acting fertilizer, water-loss reducer, binding agent will be housed given birth to band and progressively down is arranged to intersecting parallels from the top, slope, and spacing is 1 * 2m;
4) arrange the compound nutritional bag: tree planting compound nutritional bag is placed in the cliff recess, and fixing, bag includes plants green material, and spacing is about 2-3m;
5) linked network: utilize anchor pole that galvanized wire mesh is hung on the cliff facade;
6) tall filling rattan plantation: the joint venture of nutrition inclusion is supported cup and is planted the corresponding tall rattan grass plant of irritating;
7) spray mixes: it is online to be ejected into iron after mixing thoroughly with seed with by the mixed material of spray that soil moved in to improve the original, water-keeping material, bulk material, binding agent, fertilizer are formed.
Spray mixes the percentage by weight proportioning of material: soil moved in to improve the original 80-85%, and long-acting fertilizer 10%, binding agent 2-5%, water-loss reducer 2%, raising agent 1-2%, water is an amount of.
Long-acting fertilizer is by fermentation substrates such as pig manure, chicken manure, wooden chaff, mushroom (auricularia auriculajudae) slag, sugar mill mud, manioc wastes, and fermentative microorganism such as photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycete, symbiotic nitrogen fixation bacterium, Azorhizobium.caulinodans, actinomyces and nutrient adsorption substrates are formed.
Binding agent can be with cement and other nontoxic macromolecule binding agents.
Water-loss reducer can be with polyacrylamide and other high-hydroscopicity agricultural water-loss reducers.
Raising agent can be used haydite, SiO
2With organic matters such as rice husk, bagasses.
With respect to existing technology and method, the present invention has following outstanding advantage:
1) the technology of the present invention can be improved on the spot habitat of cliff facade effectively, for thereafter plant growing and development provide soil environment and liquid manure supply: a. to be sprayed cloth, planted and give birth to the multidimensional soil moved in to improve the original that band, nutrition bag and nutrition cup are formed by soil moved in to improve the original, can be at the plant growing soil moved in to improve the original environment of cliff facade formation point-line-surface combination; B. intersecting parallels is planted and is given birth to band and the iron net not only can be divided into the cliff facade netted one by one subenvironment, can facilitate for the growth of climbing up by holding on to plant again.
2) utilize the cliff recess to lay tree planting compound nutritional bag, not only can be for plant growing provide more sufficient matrix, and can play smooth scar, be beneficial to the scar management and prevent the loss that scar matrix causes because of washing away.
3) the multidimensional vegetation combination and the planting technology that provide of the technology of the present invention comprises that grass irritates vegetable seeds and sow grass seeds by duster, plant to give birth to and establish in the band in vegetable seeds and rhizome, the compound nutritional bag that plantation is tall irritates rattan and transplant band nutrition cup seedling in conjunction with high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing legume and iron net mesh and can form suitable that give birth to, the tool self-developing ability, tall phytobiocoenose of irritating the wild vetch combination at the cliff facade of habitat improvement fast.
4) including the intersecting parallels of planting green material (soil, peat, long-acting fertilizer, water-loss reducer, binding agent) and vegetable seeds (rhizome) plants living band and can form fast reliable vegetational zone at the cliff facade.
5) long beak sesbania is annual suffruticose legume, can form fixed nitrogen stem knurl and root nodule with Azorhizobium caulinodans symbiosis, be the highest biological nitrogen fixation system of present known nitrogen-fixing efficiency, and growth is extremely rapid, biomass is huge, and there is very strong resistance in bad habitat.Reach the 225-679kg/ hectare in 65 days biological nitrogen fixation amount of area, Guangdong growth, the Dry Matter Production amount reaches 10-20 ton/hectare.The present invention irritates the rattan plant in conjunction with long beak sesbania and the long beak sesbania of iron net mesh transplanting band nutrition cup with plantation in the compound nutritional bag is tall, one can provide nitrogen nutrition for the growth of other plant, two can form green landscape rapidly and help the other plant growth and group's subenvironment of maintenance soil moisture, and three can accumulate organic matter and nitrogen fast for the ecosystem.Though long beak sesbania is an annual plant, can forms the seedling population again in the green sprouting in next year after it is solid naturally, thereby become important group's component.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
1, prospecting, planning and designing comprehensively: at first the cliff facade of needs greening is reconnoitred comprehensively, understand its gradient, parent rock character, rate of decay, rock texture, elevation, species of one's native land and climate condition etc., formulate concrete greening scheme on this basis, comprise anchorage depth, anchor pole density, floristics selection and combination, group's level and vertical stratification, compound nutritional bag size and density, plant and give birth to band density, soil moved in to improve the original proportion scale and maintenance scheme etc.
2, domatic cleaning: the cleaning float stone, repair domaticly, in case of necessity facade is handled out groove, the hollow of certain density and specification.
3, anchor pole: adopt φ 22 indented barss, anchorage depth is decided according to facade parent rock character and climatic condition, general 1.0-2.0m, expose 10-15cm, anchor pole arranges and is criss-cross that spacing is 2.0-3.0m in length and breadth, domatic irregularity place is adopted long 30-50cm, and it is fixed to make pin by the reinforcing bar of φ 8-10.
4, arrange to plant and give birth to band: will be equipped with and plant planting of green material (soil, peat, long-acting fertilizer, water-loss reducer, binding agent) and vegetable seeds (rhizome) and give birth to band and push up from the slope and progressively down be arranged to intersecting parallels, spacing is 1 * 2m, plants to give birth to be with and fixes with φ 8 reinforcing bars and φ 2.2 iron wires.
5, arrange the compound nutritional bag: utilize the cliff recess to lay tree planting compound nutritional bag, bag includes plants green material (soil, peat, long-acting fertilizer, water-loss reducer, binding agent etc.), and spacing is about 2-3m.
6, linked network: utilize anchor pole that φ 2.6 machines are compiled galvanized wire mesh and hang on the cliff facade, the linked network breadths adopts φ 2.2 iron wire colligations to connect.
7, draining: 1) the top gathering surface is set up the canal that dams; 2) side slope then is provided with drain hole if any ground water seepage, and drain hole is arranged and is criss-cross, spacing 3m becomes place, slope horizontal dimension and can do suitable adjustment, makes Kong Weishun slope direction as far as possible on a line, drain hole adopts plastic flexible pipe or PVC floral tube, aperture db46, long 50-70cm.
8, tall filling rattan plantation
The corresponding tall filling rattan plant of plantation is transplanted band nutrition cup seedling in iron net mesh simultaneously in conjunction with long beak sesbania in the compound nutritional bag.
9, spray mixes and gets the raw materials ready: mix thoroughly seed, soil moved in to improve the original, water-keeping material, binding agent, bulk material, long-acting fertilizer etc. standby in special equipment.
10, sow grass seeds by duster: will be equipped with good material and be ejected on galvanized iron net and the cliff, thickness 4-8cm sows grass seeds by duster.
11, maintenance: mainly be vegetation to be carried out water seasoning at plant growing initial stage and continuous arid season.
Be suitable for the cliff facade greening with crucial plant register: 1) grass is irritated the class plant: Bermuda grass Cynodon dactylon, paspalum notatum (crown in gold grass) Paspalum notatum, weeping love grass Eragrostis curvula, vetiver Vetiveria zizanioides, cogongrass Imperata cylindrical, awns Miscanthus sinensis, flag grass (palisade arm shape grass) Brachiaria brizantha, Festuca Arundinacea Festuca arundinacea, Itanlian rye Lolium multiflorum, long beak sesbania Sesbania rostrata, white popinac Leucaena glauca, thunberg lespedeza Lespedeza thunbergii.2) overgrowing property (climber) plant: wedelia chinensis Wedelia chinensis, ivy Hedera nepalensis var.sinensis, thunderclap litchi Rauvolfia perakensis, parthenocissus Parthenocissus tricuspidata, firecracker flower Pyrostegia venusta, big winged bean Macroptiliumlathyroides appoints beans (wing pod wood) Zenia insignis.3) arborescent trees plant: spire banyan Ficus microcarpa, blbizzia falcata Albizia falcate, wet-land pine tree Pinus elliottii, masson pine Pinus massoniana, horse accounts for yearning between lovers Acaciamangium.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of multidimensional soil moved in to improve the original vegetation method that is used for the cliff facade greening is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
1) finishing is domatic: the float stone on the cleaning cliff facade, repair domaticly, and in case of necessity facade is handled out groove, the hollow of certain density and specification;
2) anchor pole: carry out anchor pole with indented bars on the cliff facade, anchorage depth is decided according to facade parent rock character and local climate situation, and general 1.0-2.0m, anchor pole arrange and be criss-cross that spacing is 2.0-3.0m in length and breadth;
3) arrange to plant and give birth to band: the planting of green material and herbaceous plant seeds or rhizome of planting that soil, peat, long-acting fertilizer, water-loss reducer, binding agent will be housed given birth to band and progressively down is arranged to intersecting parallels from the top, slope, and spacing is 1 * 2m;
4) arrange the compound nutritional bag: tree planting compound nutritional bag is placed in the cliff recess, and fixing, bag includes plants green material, and spacing is about 2-3m;
5) linked network: utilize anchor pole that galvanized wire mesh is hung on the cliff facade;
6) tall filling rattan plantation: the joint venture of nutrition inclusion is supported cup and is planted the corresponding tall rattan grass plant of irritating;
7) spray mixes: mix being ejected on iron net and the cliff after material is mixed thoroughly with seed with by the spray that soil moved in to improve the original, water-keeping material, bulk material, binding agent, long-acting fertilizer are formed.
2, the multidimensional soil moved in to improve the original vegetation method of cliff facade greening as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the percentage by weight proportioning of spraying mixed material is: soil moved in to improve the original 80-85%, and long-acting fertilizer 10%, binding agent 2-5%, water-loss reducer 2%, raising agent 1-2%, water is an amount of.
3, the multidimensional soil moved in to improve the original vegetation method of cliff facade greening as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that long-acting fertilizer by fermentation substrate pig manure, chicken manure, wooden chaff, mushroom or auricularia auriculajudae slag, sugar mill mud, manioc waste, fermentative microorganism photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycete, symbiotic nitrogen fixation bacterium, Azorhizobium.caulinodans, actinomyces and nutrient adsorption substrates are formed; Binding agent can be with cement and other nontoxic macromolecule binding agents; Water-loss reducer can be with polyacrylamide and other high-hydroscopicity agricultural water-loss reducers; Raising agent can be used haydite, SiO
2With rice husk, bagasse.
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CN100381040C (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2008-04-16 | 费朝奇 | Bare rock greening method |
CN100596269C (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2010-03-31 | 深圳市铁汉生态环境股份有限公司 | Plant slope protection method for low maintenance of exposed rock mass slope |
CN101091451B (en) * | 2007-07-12 | 2010-05-26 | 吴健平 | Blowing spraying type method for greening side slope by using retain wings |
CN101705688B (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2011-06-22 | 四川省励自生态技术有限公司 | Method for reinforcing steep slope artificial soil by fiber bundle |
CN102804993A (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2012-12-05 | 江苏美尚生态景观股份有限公司 | Method of vagetaion matrix spray-seeding afforestation |
CN103380686A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-11-06 | 惠州市东江园林工程有限公司 | Grass seed spray-seeding and greening method |
CN108967063A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2018-12-11 | 湖南湘植园林科技有限公司 | A kind of high steep limestone slope replies immediately green method fastly |
CN109699434A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-05-03 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of alien earth sparging substrate for the greening of rock abrupt slope |
CN110896774A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-24 | 广西极地绿化有限公司 | Rapid greening method for mountain quarry |
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CN113133380A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-07-20 | 兰州大学 | Ecological restoration method for cold and arid region side slope and abandoned mine |
CN113213634A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-08-06 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Method for recovering biodiversity in ecological system |
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2003
- 2003-06-26 CN CN 03126994 patent/CN1462828A/en active Pending
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100381040C (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2008-04-16 | 费朝奇 | Bare rock greening method |
CN100596269C (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2010-03-31 | 深圳市铁汉生态环境股份有限公司 | Plant slope protection method for low maintenance of exposed rock mass slope |
CN101091451B (en) * | 2007-07-12 | 2010-05-26 | 吴健平 | Blowing spraying type method for greening side slope by using retain wings |
CN101705688B (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2011-06-22 | 四川省励自生态技术有限公司 | Method for reinforcing steep slope artificial soil by fiber bundle |
CN102804993A (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2012-12-05 | 江苏美尚生态景观股份有限公司 | Method of vagetaion matrix spray-seeding afforestation |
CN103380686A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-11-06 | 惠州市东江园林工程有限公司 | Grass seed spray-seeding and greening method |
CN108967063A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2018-12-11 | 湖南湘植园林科技有限公司 | A kind of high steep limestone slope replies immediately green method fastly |
CN109699434A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-05-03 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of alien earth sparging substrate for the greening of rock abrupt slope |
CN110896774A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-24 | 广西极地绿化有限公司 | Rapid greening method for mountain quarry |
CN112753468A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-07 | 南京林业大学 | Cultivation method for molding landscape dragon type by using wisteria plants |
CN113213634A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-08-06 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Method for recovering biodiversity in ecological system |
CN113133380A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-07-20 | 兰州大学 | Ecological restoration method for cold and arid region side slope and abandoned mine |
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CN114766270A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-07-22 | 福建农林大学 | Mountain restoration method |
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